2021版高考英语大一轮复习 核心素养测评四 Module 4 A Social Survey—My Neighbourhood 外研版必修1.doc

1、核心素养测评四 Module 4 A Social SurveyMy Neighbourhood . 阅读理解A(2020烟台模拟)Children in rural areas of Cambodia often suffer from or even die of preventable illnesses because there is not any soap available. In 2014, Samir Lakhani, an American college student, saw the issue while volunteering in a Cambodian v

2、illage. “I remember quite vividly a mother bathing her newborn baby with laundry powder, which is so harmful to the skin, ” said Lakhani. “Its difficult for rural Cambodians to access soap. First is affordability. If you earn only$1. 50 every day, you wont spend $1 on a bar of soap. Then comes acces

3、s. The demand is so low that local shops dont stock soap. The last reason, because many Cambodians dont really understand where diseases come from, they dont know how to prevent them, including using soap. ”After figuring out a solution to the problem: the barely-used soap in hotels, Lakhani started

4、 asking hotels to donate leftover soap. “They were all eager to help, ”he explained. Lakhani registered Eco-Soap Bank shortly afterwards. Soon, he received enough funds to hire disadvantaged Cambodian women to collect and reproduce the used soap. Today, the organization has four recycling centers ac

5、ross the country, providing jobs for 35 local women. And so far, some 174, 000 bars of soap have been donated, about 24, 000 pounds of soap has been recycled, and hygiene (卫生) has been improved for about 661, 000 people. “We are killing three birds with one stone, ” Lakhani said. When it comes to th

6、e future of Eco-Soap Bank, Lakhani said, “Weve just scratched the surface. Lack of hygiene is not something unique to Cambodia. The demand for improved hygiene in the developing world is huge, and much remains to be done. Were looking at seven countries to expand to in the near future. ”【文章大意】这是一篇说明

7、文。文章通过描述生态香皂银行: Eco-Soap Bank对于促进柬埔寨农村卫生条件改善、促进就业以及废物利用的积极作用为例, 说明了将来它会对改善发展中国家的卫生条件作出巨大贡献。1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the reason why rural Cambodians dont use soap? A. Poverty. B. Inaccessibility. C. Unawareness. D. Tradition. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段First is affordability. If you earn

8、only $1. 50 every day, you wont spend $1 on a bar of soap. Then comes access. The demand is so low that local shops dont stock soap. The last reason, because many Cambodians dont really understand where diseases come from, they dont know how to prevent them, including using soap. ”可知贫穷、香皂难购买以及没有使用意识

9、是柬埔寨农村人不使用香皂的三点原因, 其中并没有提到传统。2. What does the underlined part “killing three birds” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. Saving soap, curing diseases and providing education. B. Stopping pollution, providing jobs and inspiring donation. C. Reducing waste, providing employment and improving health. D. Recycli

10、ng waste, helping charity and improving community hygiene. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由第四段Soon, he received enough funds to hire disadvantaged Cambodian women to collect and reproduce the used soap. 可知用这种方法为有残疾的柬埔寨女性提供了就业; 倒数第二段And so far, some 174, 000 bars of soap have been donated, about 24, 000 pounds of soap

11、 has been recycled, and hygiene has been improved for about 661, 000 people. 可知废弃香皂得到了回收, 卫生健康得到了改善。故可推测划线部分指的是减少了浪费, 提供了就业和改善了健康。3. What can we infer about Eco-Soap Bank? A. It wont be long before it expands to the whole world. B. Theres little it can do without other countries assistance. C. It wi

12、ll make greater contributions to the developing world. D. It will soon settle the problem of poor hygiene in Cambodia. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段The demand for improved hygiene in the developing world is huge, and much remains to be done. 可知, 生态香皂银行会对将来改善发展中国家的卫生条件作出巨大贡献。4. What does the text mainly talk ab

13、out? A. Eco-Soap Bank helps improve hygiene. B. Cambodian women have a bright future. C. A US young man calls for helping poor countries. D. Lack of hygiene remains a serious problem in the world. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章主要以生态香皂银行对于改善柬埔寨农村卫生条件为例, 说明了生态香皂银行将会对于发展中国家卫生条件的改善起到重大作用。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. suffer from. . .

14、遭受之苦2. available adj. 可用的3. issue n. 问题4. vividly adv. 生动地5. laundry n. 洗衣店, 要洗的衣服6. donate v. 捐赠长难句分析 “I remember quite vividly a mother bathing her newborn baby with laundry powder, which is so harmful to the skin, ” said Lakhani. 分析: 在直接引语中, bathing作宾语a mother的补足语, which引导非限制性定语从句。翻译: Lakhani说: “

15、我清楚地记得一位母亲用洗衣粉给新生婴儿洗澡, 这对婴儿的皮肤是非常有伤害的。”背景链接卫生问题是柬埔寨面临的最主要的挑战之一。儿童是最主要的受影响人群, 他们成为腹泻和呼吸道感染的受害者。简单地用香皂洗手就可以有效地预防这样的感染。然而, 对于许多柬埔寨人, 香皂是奢侈品。当美国青年萨米尔 (Samir Lakhani) 亲眼看到一位柬埔寨的母亲用洗衣粉帮她的孩子洗澡时, 他惊呆了。他想为此做点什么。回到美国后, 萨米尔开始为这个项目众筹, 并于2014年成立了一个名为“生态香皂银行”(Eco-Soap Bank)的非营利组织。BA math and physics teacher from

16、rural Kenya, who gives away 80% of his monthly income to help the poor, has won a $1 million prize. Peter Tabichi was awarded the Global Teacher Prize on Sunday. He teaches at a rural Kenyan school in Pwani Village, with only one computer, poor Internet and a student-teacher ratio (比率) of 581. Nearl

17、y all his students are from poor families, and almost a third of them have no parents or only one parent alive. Tabichi gets online educational content by visiting Internet cafes and uses it offline in class. He guided the schools science club, in which students now compete in national and internati

18、onal competitions. The mathematical science team qualified to compete in the INTEL International Science and Engineering Fair this year in Arizona. His students also won an award from the Royal Society of Chemistry after using local plant life to produce electricity. “This prize does not recognize m

19、e but recognizes this great continents young people, ” Tabichi said. His students face many challenges, including food shortage, drug abuse, teenage pregnancies and young marriages. Yet at the Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School where Tabichi teaches, the number of students has doubled over three year

20、s and more of the students are going on to college. Tabichi was chosen from 10, 000 applicants in 180 countries. He accepted the award from actor Hugh Jackman. The annual Global Teacher Prize was first launched in 2014 by Sunny Varkey, founder and chairman of GEMS Education. Now in its fifth year, t

21、he Global Teacher Prize is the largest of its kind. The $1 million award is presented to an exceptional teacher who has made an outstanding contribution to his profession. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了一位来自肯尼亚的农村教师, 将自己80%的月收入用于帮助自己的贫困学生而赢得了一百万美元奖金的故事。他的学生在他的帮助下表现出了巨大的潜力。5. What do we know about Peter Tabichi?

22、 A. He enjoys a high enough income to help the poor. B. He makes a difference to many of his students life. C. He does online teaching in Internet cafes sometimes. D. He helps take care of parentless students daily life. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段A math and physics teacher from rural Kenya, who gives away 8

23、0% of his monthly income to help the poor, has won a $1 million prize. 可知Peter Tabichi将自己80%的月收入用于帮助贫困学生, 并改变了许多学生的生活。6. What do we know about Peter Tabichis students? A. They solved the problem of electricity supply in Pwani. B. They are trained to compete for various academic awards. C. They show

24、great potential with the help of Peter Tabichi. D. They persuade their friends to go to school together. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段His students also won an award from the Royal Society of Chemistry after using local plant life to produce electricity. 可知他的学生利用当地的植物来发电, 获得了英国皇家化学学会颁发的奖项。可推知他的学生在他的帮助下显示出了巨大的潜力

25、。7. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. B. Provide some advice for the readers. C. Add some background information. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段Tabichi was chosen from 10, 000 applicants in 180 countries. 以及段落

26、主要内容可知, 本段主要对Tabichi获奖的背景知识进行补充。8. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Rural Kenyan Teacher Guides Students in CompetitionsB. A Rural Kenyan Teacher Changes Students Life PathC. A Rural Kenyan Teacher Donates Money to the PoorD. A Rural Kenyan Teacher Is Awarded a $1 Million Prize【解析】选D。

27、标题归纳题。根据文章第一段A math and physics teacher from rural Kenya, who gives away 80% of his monthly income to help the poor, has won a $1 million prize. 以及文章主要内容可知, 本文主要围绕一位来自肯尼亚农村的数学和物理老师赢得了100万美元奖金的事迹进行展开。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. income n. 收入2. award vt. & n. 授予奖励; 奖励3. content n. 内容4. compete vi. 竞争 5. challenge n.

28、& v. 挑战6. present vt. & n. 呈现, 颁发; 礼物长难句分析A math and physics teacher from rural Kenya, who gives away 80% of his monthly income to help the poor, has won a $1 million prize. 分析: who引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰A math and physics teacher。give away 泄露, 捐赠, 在本文中意为“捐赠”。翻译: 一位来自肯尼亚教授数学和物理的农村教师, 将自己80%的月收入用于帮助贫困学生, 并赢得了

29、一百万美元的奖金。背景链接Global Teacher Prize: “全球教师奖” 由瓦尔基基金会主办, 致力于改进贫困孩子的教育, 有“诺贝尔教学奖”之称, 旨在表彰教师获得的成就以及对教育界作出的贡献。2019年3月24日, 肯尼亚教师彼得塔比奇荣获2019年“全球教师奖”, 24日在阿联酋迪拜出席颁奖典礼, 领取100万美元奖金。. 完形填空One day a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. They waited anxiously at th

30、eir desks for the test to begin. The professor 1 the question papers, with the text facing down as usual. 2 he handed them all out, he asked his students to3 the page and begin. To everyones surprise, there were no4, just a black dot (点)in the center of the page. The professor, seeing the expression

31、 on everyones face, told them the following: “I want you to write what you5 there. ”The students, thoroughly6, got started on the inexplicable (费解的)task. At the end of the class, the professor 7 all the answer papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students. All of the

32、m, with no8 , described the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc. After all had been9 , the classroom was silent, the professor began to explain: “Im not going to grade this. I 10 wanted to give you something to think about. No one wrote about the11 part of the p

33、aper. Everyone focused on the black dot, and the same happens in our 12. We have a white paper to observe and13, but we always focus on the dark spots. Our life is a 14 given to us with love and care and we always have15 to celebrate: nature renewing itself every day, our friends around us, the job

34、16 our bread and butter and the miracles we see every day. 17 , we insist on focusing only on the dark spots: the health issues that bother us, the lack of money, the18 relationship with colleagues, the 19 with a friend, and etc. The dark spots are very 20 compared to everything we have in our lives

35、, but they are the ones that pollute our minds. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了教授通过让学生们做一份特殊的试卷而给学生们上了一堂生动的哲理课: 不要太关注人生的不完美, 要好好享受我们所拥有的美好。1. A. turned upB. handed outC. referred toD. pointed at【解析】选B。turn up出现; hand out分发; refer to提及; point at指着。由下文he handed them all out可知教授进教室后给学生们分发试卷。2. A. SinceB. Until C. If

36、 D. After【解析】选D。根据语境可知此处要用after引导时间状语从句。3. A. turnB. shut C. open D. use【解析】选A。turn转向, 翻开; shut关上; open打开; use使用。根据and begin可推知, 教授要求学生们翻开试卷, 开始答题。4. A. exercisesB. choices C. questionsD. scores【解析】选C。exercise锻炼; choice选择; question问题; score分数。根据上文the question papers可知, 令学生们吃惊的是, 试卷上并没有问题。5. A. remem

37、berB. imagineC. studyD. see【解析】选D。remember记住; imagine想象; study学习; see看见。句意: 我想要你们写出你们看到的内容。6. A. surprisedB. confusedC. curiousD. displeased【解析】选B。surprised吃惊的; confused困惑的; curious好奇的; displeased生气的。由上文To everyones surprise和语境可推知学生们很困惑。7. A. markedB. finishedC. collectedD. selected【解析】选C。mark标记; fi

38、nish结束, 完成; collect收集; select挑选。由语境 and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students可推知老师把分发下来的试卷收了上来。8. A. excuseB. wayC. explanationD. exception【解析】选D。excuse借口; way方式; explanation解释; exception例外。根据语境All of them可推知, 所有学生无一例外地描述了那个黑点。9. A. readB. answeredC. returnedD. said【解析】

39、选A。read阅读; answer回答; return回到; say说。根据上文and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students可知在所有的试卷被阅读完后。10. A. alsoB. just C. even D. finally【解析】选B。also也; just仅仅; even甚至; finally最终。根据语境可知, 此处表强调和转折, 故用副词just。11. A. bigB. blackC. whiteD. beautiful【解析】选C。big大的; black黑的; white白色的;

40、beautiful美丽的。根据下文a white paper可知没人关注卷子的空白部分。12. A. studiesB. classroomsC. collegesD. lives【解析】选D。study学习; classroom教室; college大学; life生活。由下文Our life可知, 教授用这件事来比喻生活。13. A. enjoyB. keepC. sendD. show【解析】选A。enjoy欣赏; keep保持; send发送; show展示。句意: 我们有一张白纸可以拿来观察和欣赏, 但我们总是只关注黑点。14. A. burdenB. giftC. pressure

41、D. lesson【解析】选B。burden负担; gift礼物; pressure压力; lesson课程。根据语境to celebrate可推知, 我们的生活是一个充满关爱的礼物。15. A. reasonsB. limeC. freedomD. festivals【解析】选A。reason理由; lime石灰; freedom自由; festival节日。根据语境always和to celebrate以及下文列举的nature renewing itself. . . the miracles we see every day可推知我们总是有理由去庆祝。16. A. threatenin

42、gB. ruiningC. providingD. changing【解析】选C。threaten威胁; ruin毁灭; provide提供; change改变。根据语境可知, 此处表示“提供谋生的工作”。17. A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. BesidesD. Moreover【解析】选A。however然而; therefore因此; besides此外; moreover而且。根据语境可知, 上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系。18. A. closeB. toughC. special D. strong【解析】选B。close靠近的; tough艰难的; special特

43、别的; strong强壮的。根据语境bother 和lack以及the dark spots可知此处是指与同事之间关系相处艰难。19. A. stayB. touchC. satisfactionD. disappointment【解析】选D。stay待在; touch触碰; satisfaction满意; disappointment失望。上文都是指生活中的不如意, 可知此处是指对朋友的“失望”。20. A. darkB. roundC. smallD. dirty【解析】选C。dark黑暗的; round圆的; small小的; dirty脏的。根据上文just a black dot i

44、n the center of the page 可推知, 黑点对整张试卷来讲只占了很小的一个比例, 人生的不完美亦是一样的。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. preparev. 准备2. to ones surprise令人感到惊讶的是3. expressionn. 表示; 表达; 表情4. describevt. 描述5. explainv. 解释6. gradevt. & n. 平分; 等级; 年级7. focus on集中8. observevt. 观察. 语法填空(2020江南十校联考)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Xu Lizhen, a 74-year-

45、old lady, has been acting as a tour guide for nearly 20 years in Yangshuo, Guilin, 1. is a city known both in China and abroad for its beautiful landscape. 2. she attended only primary school when she was young, she can now speak approximately 11 foreign languages 3. (fluent). Since 20 years ago, to

46、urists 4. (show) affection for Yangshuo, including a great many foreigners. In order to make a 5. (live), Xu Lizhen began to sell water. However, she could hardly make any money at first because foreigners didnt understand her accent. She tried to imitate the 6. (pronounce) of the foreigners, take n

47、otes and learn them 7. heart. If she came across tourists who can speak both Chinese and a foreign language, she would ask them to translate their words many times so that she could remember them 8. (well). It is in this way that the old granny masters 11 languages, such as English, French, Russian,

48、 Korean. Now, she has no difficulty at all 9. (communicate) with foreign friends in simple oral English. She is also 10. (refer) to as Mother Moon for her kindness among tourists. 【文章大意】本文介绍了阳朔被大家称为Mother Moon 的导游奶奶, 虽然只有小学文化水平, 为了谋生自学了11门外语。1. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。空格前有逗号, 且空格后句子缺少主语, 所以考查缺少主语的非限制性定语从句,

49、 关系词只能从who与which中选择。又因为先行词为Yangshuo, 是一个地名, 故空格处填which。2. 【解析】Though/Although/While。考查连词。“现在她能流利地说大约11种语言”, 可知这两句话之间是转折让步关系。所以此处可以用连词Though/ Although/ While引导让步状语从句, 表示“尽管”。3. 【解析】fluently。考查副词。空格直接修饰动词 speak, 应用fluent的副词形式。故填fluently。4. 【解析】have shown。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语Since 20 years ago可知, 此处应用现在完成时。故

50、填 have shown。5. 【解析】 living。考查固定搭配。 make a living谋生。6. 【解析】pronunciation。考查名词。此处表示她试着模仿外国人的发音, 属于“the +名词+of”的结构。pronounce的名词形式为 pronunciation。故填pronunciation。7. 【解析】by。考查介词。句意: 她试着模仿外国人的发音, 记笔记, 然后再记住。“learn by heart”意为“记住”。故填by。8. 【解析】better。考查副词的比较级。句意: 如果她遇到既会说汉语又会说其他外语的游客, 她就会让他们多翻译几次, 这样她好记得更好

51、。空格修饰动词remember, 需用副词形式。这一句与上一句是递进关系, “记得更好”要用副词比较级。故填better。9. 【解析】communicating。考查非谓语动词。“做某事没有困难”常用短语 have no difficulty (in) doing sth. 。故填communicating。10. 【解析】 referred。考查被动语态。句意: 她还被称作月亮母亲。be referred to as. . . “被称作”。故填referred。语法填空(2020怀化模拟)When I was in the middle school, I founded a studen

52、t club 1. (name) “green planet” inspired by Chai Jings documentary Under the Dome. At first few people knew this club. As a result, we had only 15 members. And I 2. (laugh) at for being crazy. However, I didnt lose heart and I insisted. Every day, we club members broadcast weather reports and PM 2.

53、5 levels. We then published articles and pictures of the serious 3. (pollute) of the city on the school website. Meanwhile, my club also shares suggestions 4. how to live a low-carbon life on the school board, for example, take public transportation or car pool to school; do 5. (little) shopping and

54、 so on. 6. time went by, more and more students showed great interest in our club. And luckily, I persuaded my headmaster to join us. After what seemed ages of waiting, the club was finally accepted by the majority of students in my school. An increasing number of students supported 7. (we). Since t

55、hen, weve been working together 8. (promote) our club. And up to now, 85% of the students 9. (join) us and enjoyed the simple but eco-friendly life. Such is Joy, 10. responsible and persistent girl. 【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者上中学的时候, 受柴静的纪录片穹顶之下的启发, 成立了一个名为“绿色星球”的学生社团。刚开始作者被嘲笑, 但是作者并没有放弃, 而是很努力地去让大家接受和认可

56、“绿色星球”的学生社团, 学生社团最终被学校的大多数学生所接受, 作者成功了。1. 【解析】named。考查过去分词。我上中学的时候, 受柴静的纪录片穹顶之下的启发, 成立了一个名为“绿色星球”的学生社团。分析句子可知, a student club与name在逻辑上是被动关系, 所以用过去分词named作后置定语。故填 named。2. 【解析】was laughed。考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意: 我被嘲笑为疯子。分析句子可知, 本句为一般过去时, 主语I 与谓语laugh之间为被动关系, 所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was laughed。3. 【解析】pollution。考查名词

57、。句意: 然后, 我们在学校网站上发表了关于城市严重污染的文章和图片。serious为形容词修饰名词pollution。故填 pollution。4. 【解析】on/about。考查介词。句意: 同时, 我的学生社团也在学校董事会上分享关于如何过低碳生活的建议, 例如: 乘坐公共交通或者拼车上学; 少购物等。分析句子可知, 本句缺少介词, 后接how to live a low-carbon life on the school board作宾语。分析句意可知, 空处所要填的介词表示“关于”, 所以介词为on/about。故填on/about。5. 【解析】less。考查形容词比较级。分析句意

58、可知, 乘坐公共交通或者拼车去上学, 是过低碳生活的建议, 所以提倡购物也要比以往的要少, 故用little的比较级less修饰shopping。故填 less。6. 【解析】As。考查从属连词。句意: 随着时间的推移, 越来越多的学生对我们的俱乐部表现出极大的兴趣。分析句子可知, 本句为as“随着”引导的时间状语从句。故填 As。7. 【解析】us。考查代词。句意: 越来越多的学生支持我们。support为及物动词后接宾格us作宾语。故填us。8. 【解析】to promote。考查动词不定式。句意: 从那以后, 我们一起努力推广我们的社团。分析句子可知, 动词不定式作目的状语。故填to p

59、romote。9. 【解析】have joined。考查现在完成时。句意: 到目前为止, 85%的学生已经加入我们, 享受着简单而环保的生活。由“ up to now”可知, 本句为现在完成时, 主语为85% of the students , 所以谓语为have joined。故填have joined。10. 【解析】a。考查冠词。句意: 这就是乔伊, 一个有责任心、执着的女孩。girl为可数名词, 且被responsible所修饰且responsible的首字母的发音为辅音音素, 所以用不定冠词a来修饰。故填a。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. foundvt. 建立2. inspire vt. 鼓舞; 赋予灵感3. as a result因此4. lose heart失去信心5. insistvt. 坚持6. crazyadj. 疯狂的; 痴迷的7. broadcastn. & vt. 播报; 广播节目8. persuade vt. 劝说9. show great interest in 对感兴趣10. responsibleadj. 负责任的