2021届高考英语一轮复习 第一编 选修8 Module 1 Deep South课时作业（含解析）外研版.doc

1、Module 1 Deep South课时作业.阅读A(2016全国卷)A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstandingundoubtedly firstrate photojournalismif they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a di

2、sastrous shipwreck (海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shacklet

3、on and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Capt

4、ain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scotts last journey, completed as he l

5、ay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the worlds imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still p

6、hotography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。一组冰封于海底的木船的老照片让人们重新记起了英国探险家Shackleton远征南极的探险故事。1What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?AThey were made

7、 last week. BThey showed undersea sceneries.CThey were found by a cameraman.DThey recorded a disastrous adventure.答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，这些照片是由一位意外存活下来的摄影师拍摄于1914年到1916年，大多数是在经历海难后，由此可判断它们记录了一次海难。故选D。2Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?AFrank Hurley.BErnest Shackleton.CRobert Falco

8、n Scott.DCaroline Alexander.答案：C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Scott船长在1912年率先到达了南极。故选C。3What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?AArtistic creation. BScientific research.CMoney making. DTreasure hunting.答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“a thoroughly commercial effort”和倒数第二句可知，Alexander认为1914年的探险完全是一种商业行为

9、，也就是为了赚钱，因此可判断选C项。【词汇积累】collection n. 一批物品；收藏品voyage n. 航行；航海forceful adj. 有说服力的；强有力的in ones honor 为纪念【难句分析】原文：Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published. 弗兰克赫尔利是一名自信而有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师，他熟

10、悉南极，被雇佣来拍摄这些照片，其中大部分从未出版过。(第四段最后一句)分析：本句为主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer为Frank Hurley的同位语，用来解释说明主语；of which为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 images。B(2019河北省邢台市高三第一次月考)The Shiants, remote, cliffedged islands off the coast of Scotland are home to 350,000 seabirds. This

11、 is the starting point for National Geographic contributor Adam Nicolsons new book, The Seabirds Cry. Celebrating 10 species in detail, he describes the unbelievable recovery of seabirds and the many adaptations that have enabled them to survive and navigate the oceans, while sounding a loud call fo

12、r their conservation among severely falling numbers.Speaking from his home in Sussex, England, Nicolson explains why guillemot (海雀) colonies are information exchange centers; how new research is showing that those longdistance travelers, the shearwaters, “smell” their way across the globe; and what

13、we can do to support seabird populations.National Geographic has just kicked off Year of the Bird with a cover story by Jonathan Franzen titled “Why Birds Matter”. The beginning of Year of the Bird is beneficial to birds. Nicolson said, “Ill ask you the same questionwhy? For me, these seabirds are s

14、ymbols of uniqueness. There is so much on the land where the rest of the living world seems to be controlled by us, but when you go to seabird colonies, there is this pumping, loud and raging uniqueness. Its a glance of the untouched world.”“The reason why its untouched is that, until recently, we h

15、ave not controlled the oceans that the seabirds depend on. More of them have survived in greater numbers than most other creatures in the developed world, where huge amounts of the animal kingdom have been removed by us. And so one reason these birds matter is that they are symbols of what the world

16、 might be if we hadnt done so much damage to it，” he added.“Seabirds also tend to disappear; theyre not reliably of our world, due to their migration and habits of life. Very deep in our consciousness is a sense that they are ambassadors from another world. And witnessing and feeling that is, I thin

17、k, one of the great enlargers of life，” Nicolson explained.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Adam Nicolson关于海鸟的研究成果及其新书The Seabirds Cry。 Adam Nicolson在书中描述了这些鸟类的现状并呼吁人们加强对鸟类的保护。4What is the book The Seabirds Cry mainly about?ASeabirds on an island and threats they face.BThe extinction of seabirds.CThe importance

18、 of seabirds.DSeabirds in the authors hometown.答案：A推理判断题。根据第一段内容及关键词“recovery of seabirds” “adaptations” “survive” “severely falling numbers”并结合书名海鸟的哭泣可知，Adam Nicolson的书主要是关于这座海岛上10种海鸟的情况及它们面临的威胁，故选A。5What can we learn from Nicolsons speech?AThe wisdom of seabirds.BWays to protect seabirds.CMigratio

19、n routes of seabirds.DThe harder situation of seabirds.答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“and what we can do to support seabird populations”可知，Nicolson所讲到的内容包含我们保护海鸟的方法，故选B。6What does the underlined phrase “kicked off” in Paragraph 3 mean?AWatched out for.BCut across.CExpressed.DStarted.答案：D词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下一句“The be

20、ginning of Year of the Bird is .”可知，kicked off应与beginning意思相近，意为“开始；启动”，故选D。7Which is a lucky thing for seabirds in Nicolsons view?AThe sea is too large to be polluted.BThe sea isnt entirely governed by humans.CThe seabirds are able to fit the environment.DThe seabirds are living in the developed wo

21、rld.答案：B细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The reason why its untouched is that, until recently, we have not controlled the oceans that the seabirds depend on.”可知，人类还没有完全控制海鸟的栖息地海洋，这是Nicolson觉得海鸟幸运的地方，故选B。【词汇积累】navigate v. 航行；航海；横渡colony n. (同地生长的植物或动物)群，群体，聚落population n. 某领域的生物；族群；人口depend on 依赖；依靠；取决于【难句分析】原文：The re

22、ason why its untouched is that, until recently, we have not controlled the oceans that the seabirds depend on. 它没有受到影响的原因是，直到最近，我们还没有控制住海鸟赖以生存的海洋。(第四段第一句)分析：本句为主从复合句。第一个that引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分；why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词oceans，在从句中作宾语。C(2020云南省曲靖市第一中学高考复习质量监测(三)You may already know that mo

23、re than a million years ago, glaciers, or vast blankets of moving ice, covered one third of the earth. You also may know tens of thousands of years ago, the glaciers started to melt, retreating to their current position in the Antarctic and Greenland. You may even know that glaciers also exist in al

24、l the worlds great mountain regions. But do you know that glaciers cover about 6 billion square miles of the earth and store about 75 percent of the earths fresh water.A glacier forms in a cold climate when a winters snow does not completely melt during the following summer. Snow continues to accumu

25、late and partially melt year after year. As the accumulated snow becomes heavier, the lower layers crushes under the weight and changes into ice. Over time, the mass of ice thickens and moves. The ice is either pulled slowly downhill by gravityas in the valley glaciers found in the Alps, on the Alas

26、kan coast, and in the Western United Statesor forced outward in all directions by its own weightas in the ice sheets and icecaps covering most of Greenland and Antarctica. During the glaciations (冰川作用), a glacier moves (usually about 3 feet per day). It picks up pieces of rock that cut and polish th

27、e land and carve out steepside valleys. During deglaciation (冰消作用), a glacier withdraws and often leaves large deposits of sand and stones. The process of glaciation and deglaciation formed the Great Lakes in North American during the Ice Ages.Some scientists believe that ice ages similar to those o

28、f the past will occur, but they disagree on when this will happen. Other scientists think that global warming will occur instead, melting the glaciers and flooding areas as sea levels rise. No one knows for certain which event will occur, but neither predicts well for mankind.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰川

29、的一些情况。8What happens to a glacier during glaciation?AIt moves.BIt leaves stones.CIt leaves sand.DIt forms the Great Lakes.答案：A细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第四句“During the glaciations (冰川作用), a glacier moves (usually about 3 feet per day)”可知选A。9What will happen if global warming occurs instead of another ice age?AVast

30、 blankets of ice will cover the earth.BGlaciers in the Antarctic will increase in size.CPlant and animal life in many related areas will be destroyed.DA winters snow may not completely melt during the following summer.答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Other scientists think that global warming will occur instead,

31、melting the glaciers and flooding areas as sea levels rise.”可推理出全球变暖导致冰川融化，致使海平面上升，将淹没很多地区，因此，相关的动植物将受到毁灭性的打击。故选 C。10What is the attitude of the writer towards the argument between scientists in the last paragraph?AOptimistic.BObjective.CPessimistic.DIndifferent.答案：B观点态度题。根据第三段最后一句“No one knows for

32、certain which event will occur, but neither predicts well for mankind.”可知作者的态度是客观的。故选B。11What is this passage mainly about?AThe Ice Age.BValley glaciers.CIce sheets and ice caps.DGlaciers.答案：D主旨大意题。本文介绍了冰川的各个相关方面。选项A、B、C 太过片面，只有选项D 与文章内容相吻合。故选D。【词汇积累】retreat v. 退却；撤退accumulate v. 积累；积聚crush v. 压坏；挤压

33、变形polish v. 擦光；磨光carve out雕刻出【难句分析】原文：Some scientists believe that ice ages similar to those of the past will occur, but they disagree on when this will happen.一些科学家认为，类似过去的冰河时代将会发生，但他们对何时会发生意见不一。(最后一段第一句)分析：本句为并列句。but连接两个分句，第一个分句中that引导宾语从句，其中similar to those of the past为形容词短语作后置定语修饰ice ages；第二个分句中

34、when引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。.语法填空On January 26, a 121person national antiepidemic medical team, 1 (organize) by six hospitals in Beijing, flew to Wuhan. 2 the same time, medical workers all over the country have also packed up their bags and 3 (rush) to Wuhan epidemic prevention front. Since the outbreak of

35、 novel coronavirus pneumonia, all parts of the country have responded 4 the call for concerted efforts to fight with the epidemic. According to the unified 5 (arrange) of the joint prevention and control 6 (work) mechanism for the pneumonia outbreak 7 were infected by novel coronavirus, from Februar

36、y 8 to 9, 13 provinces (regions, cities) including Shaanxi, Shanghai, Tianjin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, sent a total of 34 additional medical teams to Wuhan. The CAAC organized 47 flights to transport emergency medical teams, 8 (transpo

37、rt) nearly 6,200 medical personnel and some medical 9 (supply) to Wuhan. This is the 10 (large) medical team transport mission carried out by civil aviation since the epidemic outbreak.1 2. 3. 4. 5 6. 7. 8. 9 10. 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。来自全国各地的6,200名医疗队人员昼夜不息、驰援湖北！1organized考查非谓语动词。organize与medical team之间是逻辑

38、上的动宾关系， 故填organized。2At考查介词。 at the same time “与此同时”，为固定短语。故填At。3rushed考查动词的时态。本句前半句为现在完成时，此处与packed并列，故填rushed。4to考查介词。respond to “响应”，为固定短语。故填to。5arrangement考查词性转换。设空处前有形容词unified，故此处应为名词，意为“统一安排”，故填arrangement。6working考查词性转换。此处表示“联防联控工作机制”，故填其形容词形式working。7which/that考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词outbreak，在从句中作主语，故填which/that。句意：按照新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情联防联控工作机制统一部署。8transporting考查非谓语动词。 transport与CAAC是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填transporting。9supplies考查名词。设空处前有some，supply意为“补给，补给品”时常用复数，故填supplies。10largest 考查形容词的最高级。句意：这是疫情发生以来，民航执行运送医疗队任务规模最大的一次。根据句意可知，此处应填large的最高级，故填largest。