高中英语语法同位语从句的用法（21张PPT）.ppt

1、The Appositive Clause同位语从句noun clauses名词性从句subjective clause主语从句objective clause宾语从句predicative clause表语从句appositive clause同位语从句What kind of noun clauses are they?1.What it was to become was a mystery.2.I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet.3.His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in Lo

2、ndon.4.The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句名词性从句思考：何为同位语？1.Their friend,Danny Lin,was waiting at the airport.2.I myself finished the homework.3.Lin Fei,one of my mothers old schoolmates,lives here.4.The news that they had won the basketball game soon spread the wh

3、ole schoolFeel it 1Read the following sentences and pay attention to the red parts同位语是句子成分的一种,它位于名词、代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况,它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。（对前面名词或代词的解释说明的作用）同位语 the AppositiveFind itFeel it 2观察下列划线句子和名词。1.The news that we won the game is exciting.2.I have no idea when he will come back home.3.Word cam

4、e that Mary had probably fallen ill.思考：何为同位语从句？一、同位语从句定义同位语从句一般放在_的后面，用来 _ 抽象名词所表示的具体内容。在句中作同位语。二、常用于同位语从句的抽象名词一些抽象名词解释或说明Find itn fact,news,idea,promise,question,problem,n doubt,hope,order,belief,thought,truth,n suggestion,advice三、引导同位语从句的连接词功能功能例词例词从属从属连词连词只起连接作用，不充当只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。从句中的任何成分。tha

5、t,whether连接连接代词代词既起连接作用，又在从句既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（主、宾、表中担任成分（主、宾、表语。语。who,what,which连接连接副词副词既起连接作用，又在从句既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（状语）。中担任成分（状语）。when,where,why,how复合代词复合代词&复合副词复合副词既起连接作用，又在从句既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（主语、宾语、中担任成分（主语、宾语、表语或定语、状语）。表语或定语、状语）。whoever,whatever,whoever,whatever,whichever,whenever,whichever,wheneve

6、r,wherever,howeverwherever,however 注意：1.若同位语从句意义、句子成分完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用）；如同位语从句意义不完整，结构完整,但需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）The news_we won the game is exciting.They are doubting the question _ the man is honest.2.若同位语从句句意不完整，又缺主语、宾语或表语，则用连接代词who,what who,what，whichwhich等

7、等。The question _should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.3.若同位语从句句意不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“为什么”、“什么方式”等含义，应用连接副词when,where,why,how等词引导同位语从句。例：I have no idea_he will be back.例：I have no impression_he went home,perhaps by bike.thatwhetherwhowhenhow观察、思考1.The fact makes us very sad that its raining heavil

8、y.2.The news has spread all over the school that our class win the game.同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和抽象名词 隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）注意1:如，Word came that their class had won the game.分隔式同位语从句若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,requirement,order等表示建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用“(should)+do”。（宾语、表语从句也如此）1).I mad

9、e the suggestion that the meeting_(put off)at once.(should)be put off2).The order that we _(send)many people to help them was received yesterday.3).The order that we _(receive)yesterdaywas that we _(send)many people to help them.(should)sendreceived(should)send 注意2:A:He came up with the suggestion t

10、hat the question should be discussed first.B:The suggestion that he had come up with was useful.Feel it 仔细看，找区别判断下面的句子是否是同位语从句，如不是，那又是什么从句。（从句子功能作用上和句子结构上）A:The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.B:The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句Find it 同位语

11、从句与定语从句的区别类别性质功能引导词that 的作用Wh-引导词的作用同位语从句定语从句形容词性修饰限定既替代先行词，同时也在句中做某种成分，做宾语可以省略。关系词没有疑问意义,可替换先行词.名词性只起连接作用，不做成分,不能省略。不能替换所修饰的名词,有疑问意义。补充说明Tip1:抽象名词后面的从句如果是一个完整的句子,则该从句为同位语从句。反之，多为定语从句。Find it 同位语从句与定语从句的区别类别性质功能引导词that 的作用Wh-引导词的作用同位语从句定语从句形容词性修饰限定既替代先行词，同时也在句中做某种成分，做宾语可以省略。关系词没有疑问意义,可替换先行词.名词性只起连接作

12、用，不做成分,不能省略。不能替换所修饰的名词,有疑问意义。补充说明Tip2:在名词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句。反之，则为定语从句。在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true.The news is that our team has won the game.T

13、he news is that he told me yesterday.(句子通顺，是同位语从句）（句子不通顺，是定语从句）1.The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread all over the world.2.Thats the best piece of news that Ive heard.3.The news which was spreading all over the school proved to be untrue.Use it I.判断下列哪些是同位

14、语从句，哪些是定语从句。定语从句定语从句同位语从句4.The fact that we talked about is very important.5.There is a strong possibility that we may have exams for the next week.定语从句同位语从句II.用适当的关联词填空。1.The idea _ man should live in harmony with nature has widely been accepted.2.The thought _ Tom will visit the Great Wall this su

15、mmer is exciting.3.My father made a promise _ he would buy a new bicycle for me if I study hard.thatthatthatIII.根据汉语提示,完成下列句子。1.We received _ _(他将离开去美国的消息).2.He was glad to _(得到这个消息)he got first prize in the English contest.3.the news that he wouldleave for Americaget the news that I really _(不知道 何时

16、)they will pay back the money _ they borrowed from me.4.There is some doubt _(他是否会准时到达)。have no idea whenthat/which/省略whether he willcome on timeIV.同位语从句与写作 There is no doubt that(无疑,.)hold the view that(认为.）From what has been mentioned above,we can come to a conclusion that(综上所述，我们可以得出这样的结论)u无疑电脑在我们生活中起着重要的作用。There is no doubt that computer plays an important part in our life.u大多数学生认为我们应该做眼睛保健操The majority of the students held the view that we should do eye exercises.u综上所述，我们可以得出这样的结论只有多练习我们才能提高我们的写作。From.,we can come to a conclusion that only by practising more can we improve our writing.