上海市闵行区七宝中学2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析）.docx

1、高二英语Mid-term 云练习 2022I. Listening Comprehension （25分）1. A. In a bus. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hairdressing shop. D. In a shopping center.2. A. The coffee shop. B. The dining hall. C. The library. D. The dormitory building.3. A. Her credit card. B. Her handbag. C. Her passport. D. Her new shoes.4.

2、 A. The man enjoyed the lecture much. B. The man missed the lecture because of falling sleep.C. The man has attended the lecture and couldnt enjoy it. D. The man couldnt fall asleep when enjoying the lecture.5. A. He thinks its too cold to go out. B. He has no interested in shopping and eating.C. He

3、 is satisfied with any choice that the woman makes. D. Its boring for him to talk with the woman.6. A. Its a waste of time reading them. B. Too many false advertisements cheat consumers.C. The advertisement is beneficial to us. D. The advertisement is a two-edged sword.7. A. He feels regretful about

4、 it. B. In spite of lacking time to wander, it is colorful.C. Compared with his expectation, it is disappointing. D. He is very satisfied with it.8. A. He couldnt attend her birthday party for the school charity sale.B. He will come to dinner in time next Saturday.C. He wants to invite the woman to

5、the school charity sale.D. He has no money to buy a birthday gift for the woman.9. A. He thinks the pill is useless for his cough. B. He couldnt find any pill in his home.C. He is complaining to the woman of her bad suggestion. D. He will take some pills right now.10. A. His mom has waited for one h

6、our to talk with him. B. He and his mom have nothing to talk about it.C. He spends long time chatting on the phone to his mom. D. He rarely talks to his mom for a long time.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Their price is too high to afford for the poor.B. The local r

7、esidents can grow vegetables and fruits by themselves.C. They are not nutritious and very hard to prepare.D. They are not pretty enough to be displayed on store shelves.12. A. The company collects pretty fruits and vegetables to earn more money.B The company collects ugly foods and sells them to loc

8、al residents at a discount.C. The company thinks that the ugly foods are not as healthy as the fresh foods.D. The company owns a lot of chain supermarkets and carry ugly foods.13. A. Refusing food wasting and calling for environmental protection.B. Giving some help to poor farmers.C. Stores address

9、choosing and price fixing for chain supermarketsD. The importance of display.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following talk.14. A. 1 million. B.1 billion. C.10 million. D.10 billion.15. A. Planting a tree for every man, woman, and child. B. Planting new woodland to provide more green areas.

10、C. Engaging people in their natural environment and implanting trees.D. Bringing existing woodland into management.16. A. Making natural environments keep pace with economic developments.B. Making air pollution reduced and protecting against noise pollution. C. Reducing the urban heat island effect

11、and flooding.D. Providing benefits to health and reducing stress. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It was stolen this morning. B. It has broken down for three days.C. It was damaged because of a traffic accident. D. It was moved away due to wrong parking.18 A. I

12、t was in behind of NO.1 classroom building.B. Students can park their cars at random on campus when in emergency.C. Student parking there will receive a parking fine and pay for the storage fee.D. If this man wants to park here, he needs to bring his student card along.19. A. To the campus traffic o

13、ffice. B. To the classroom building.C. To the administration building. D. To the stadium.20. A.$5. B.$25. C.$20. D.$55.Grammar (20分)(A)The Road to Pandemic RecoveryThe events of the past year or so have led to a focus on mental health like never before. For stressed health workers, people isolated d

14、uring lockdown and those _1_ (recover) from chronic illness or worried about losing their jobs or seeing entire industries collapse, the coronavirus pandemic has presented a multi-pronged attack on mental health and well-being.Fadel Zeidan, who heads the Center for Mindfulness at the University of C

15、alifornia. San Diego (UCSD), says that he _2_ (expect) a covid-related surge in drug addiction and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Early studies bear this out. One survey has indicated that after some cities strict lockdown, rates of PTSD among adults there reached nearly 80 per cent. Almost

16、a third of adults in the US and Italy are estimated _3_ (affect).Could mindfulness training help people to ride out the rest of the pandemic and to recover afterwards? There is little hard evidence so far, but a survey of thousands of people in Italy in March and April 2020, when the country was und

17、er lockdown, concluded that those who were naturally mindfulable to pay attention to what they were sensing _4_ judging it experienced less psychological distress.One advantage for delivering mindfulness meditation during a pandemic is _5_ guided sessions work just as well online as those _6_ (deliv

18、er) in person. Several research centres, including Zeidans and the Oxford Mindfulness Centre in the UK, have been offering free online mindfulness sessions since lockdowns _7_(impose) in March 2020. The Oxford sessions and podcasts _8_ (access) by tens of thousands of people. Based on unpublished da

19、ta collected on 400 participants, Zeidan says the sessions at UCSDs Sanford Institute for Empathy and Compassion have successfully reduced stress, depression and anxiety. People also report feeling less lonely and more socially connected, he says. Nicholas Van Dam, at the University of Melbourne in

20、Australia, says coronavirus lockdowns have not only increased the need for emotional support, but have also prompted people to rethink _9_ is important in their lives. “Mindfulness meditation may fit the bill for some, _10_ also helping people to answer some of those big questions,” he says.1. A. ha

21、ving recoveredB. recoveringC. having been recoveredD. being recovered2. A. is expectedB. will expectC. is expectingD. will be expected3. A. to have been affectedB. to be affectedC. to be affectingD. to affect4. A. afterB. whileC. withoutD. upon5. A. thatB. howC. whateverD. why6. A. having been deliv

22、eredB. being deliveredC. deliveredD. having delivered7. A. had imposedB. imposedC. had been imposedD. were imposed8. A. are accessedB. were accessedC. have accessedD. have been accessed9. A. whatB. whateverC. anythingD. something10. A. andB. whileC. whereasD. as【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D

23、 8. D 9. A 10. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述新冠疫情对人的身心健康的影响，并介绍正念训练及正念冥想，以此帮助疫情中的人们。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于压力重重的卫生工作者、在封锁期间被隔离的人以及那些从慢性病中恢复过来或担心失去工作或看到整个行业崩溃的人来说，冠状病毒大流行对心理健康和身体健康造成了多管齐下的攻击。A. having recovered已经康复；B. recovering康复；C. having been recovered已经被恢复；D. being recovered被恢复。根据句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。Those与reco

24、ver是主谓关系，应用现在分词recovering，作定语。故选B。【2题详解】考查动词时态。句意：圣地亚哥(UCSD)表示，他预计与新冠病毒相关的药物成瘾和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)激增。A. is expected被预计；B. will expect将预计；C. is expecting正预计；D. will be expected将被预计。根据句子结构可知，主语he与expect是主谓关系，应用主动语态。根据句意可知，此处表示“他预计与新冠病毒相关的药物成瘾和创伤后应激障碍将发生激增”，应用现在进行时，描述将来要发生的事情。故选C。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据估计，美国和意大利近

25、三分之一的成年人受到影响。A. to have been affected已经被影响；B. to be affected被影响；C. to be affecting正在影响；D. to affect影响。根据句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配be estimated to do sth.，表示“被估计做某事”，设空处填不定式的结构。根据句意，此处描述过去发生的事对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，结合短语be estimated to do sth.，故用不定式的现在完成式，结构是to have done。adults与affect是动宾关系，故用被动语态，结合时态及句子结构，故用不定式的现在完成时的被动

26、语态，结构是to have been done。故选A。【4题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，几乎没有确凿的证据，但2020年3月和4月，当意大利处于封锁状态时，对数千人进行的一项调查得出的结论是，那些天生正念的人，能够关注他们所感知的东西而不评判它，经历较少的心理困扰。A. after在之后；B. while在期间；C. without没有；D. upon在上。根据“experienced less psychological distress.”可知，接受过正念训练的人或天生正念的人会经历较少的心理困扰，故推知正念的人不会在心里评判事物，而是感知事物。故选C。【5题详解】考查连接

27、词词义辨析。句意：在大流行期间提供正念冥想的一个优点是，指导课程的在线效果与亲自提供的课程一样好。A. that引导从句；B. how如何；C. whatever无论什么；D. why为什么。根据句子结构可知，此句是表语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成分只起到连接的作用，应用that。故选A。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在大流行期间提供正念冥想的一个优点是，指导课程的在线效果与亲自提供的课程一样好。A. having been delivered已经被提供；B. being delivered被提供；C. delivered提供；D. having delivered已经提供了。根据句子结

28、构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。those指代guided sessions，guided sessions与deliver是动宾关系，应用过去分词delivered，作定语。故选C。【7题详解】考查动词语态。句意：自2020年3月实施封锁以来，包括Zeidan和英国牛津正念中心在内的几个研究中心一直在提供免费的在线正念课程。A. had imposed已经推行；B. imposed推行；C. had been imposed已经被推行；D. were imposed被推行。根据句子结构可知，此处应填谓语动词。since后的句子应用一般过去时。主语lockdowns与impose是动宾关系，应用被

29、动语态，结合时态，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语lockdowns是复数，故用were imposed。故选D。【8题详解】考查动词语态。句意：牛津大学的课程和播客已被成千上万的人访问。A. are accessed被访问；B. were accessed被访问；C. have accessed已经访问；D. have been accessed已经被访问。根据句意，此处描述过去发生的事对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。根据句子结构，此处应填谓语动词。主语The Oxford sessions and podcasts与access是动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合时态，故用现在完成时的被动语态(ha

30、ve/has been done)。主语The Oxford sessions and podcasts是复数，故用have been accessed。故选D。【9题详解】考查连接词及代词词义辨析。句意：澳大利亚墨尔本大学的Nicholas Van Dam表示，冠状病毒的封锁不仅增加了对情感支持的需求，而且还促使人们重新思考在他们的生活中，什么是重要的事情。A. what什么；B. whatever无论什么；C. anything任何事情；D. something某事。根据句子结构可知，_9_ is important in their lives作rethink的宾语，所以此句是宾语从句。

31、引导词在宾语从句中作主语，表示“什么”。故选A。【10题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：“正念冥想可能符合某些人的要求，同时也可以帮助人们回答一些重大问题，”他说。A. and并且；B. while与此同时；C. whereas然而；D. as因为。根据句子结构，主从句的主语都是Mindfulness meditation，此句考查状语从句的省略，所以从句省略主语及谓语。“Mindfulness meditation may fit the bill for some”与“also helping people to answer some of those big questions”是并列关

32、系，根据句意，设空处应表示“同时”，故用连词while。故选B。(B)Dogs have facial expressions to use on humansScientists have discovered that dogs produce more facial movement when a human is paying attention to themincluding making their eyes appear biggerthan when they _11_(ignore).This new research goes _12_ the belief that a

33、nimal facial expressions are largely unconscious reflections of internal feelingsrather than a way to communicate.“Facial expression is often seen as _13_ driven by emotion, instead of something that animals can change _14_(depend) on their circumstances,” said Bridget Waller, professor of evolution

34、ary psychology at the University of Portsmouth, and an author of the study.The research joins a number of studies exploring the extraordinary relationship between humans and their dogs, including some research that suggests that dogs understand not only words spoken by humansbut also the tone of voi

35、ce.A study published _15_ Scientific Reports describes the use of a video camera to record the facial movement of 24 dogs. In this experiment, humans _16_ faced the animals, or faced away, and presented the dog with tasty food, or did not.The recordings were then examined by the team frame by frame

36、_17_ (determine) changes in the facial muscles of the dogs. The results reveal that the dogs produced far more facial expressions when the humans were facing them, _18_ when they turned away.“The research tells us that their facial expressions are probably responsive to humansnot just to other dogs,

37、” said Waller. He also said that it told us something about how domestication had shaped dogs, and _19_ it had changed them so that they _20_ be more communicative with humans.11. A. are being ignoredB. have been ignoredC. were ignoredD. will be ignored12. A. beyondB. withinC. againstD. without13. A

38、. anythingB. somethingC. thatD. whatever14. A. to dependB. dependedC. having dependedD. depending15. A. onB. byC. forD. in16. A. whetherB. unlessC. eitherD. when17. A. determinedB. to determineC. determiningD. to have determined18. A. orB. thanC. notD. as19. A. thatB. whyC. whetherD. where20. A. cou

39、ldB. canC. wouldD. will【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项最新研究，当人们看着狗时，狗会产生更多的面部表情。【11题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：科学家发现，当人类关注狗狗时，它们会产生更多的面部运动，包括让它们的眼睛看起来比被忽视时更大。根据“when a human is paying attention to them”可知，句中用现在进行时。主语they与ignore (忽视)之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故选

40、A。【12题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：这项新研究推翻了动物的面部表情在很大程度上是内心情感的无意识反映而不是一种交流方式的观点。 A. beyond超出；B. within在里面；C. against反对；D. without没有。go against反对，推翻。根据“that animal facial expressions are largely unconscious reflections of internal feelingsrather than a way to communicate”并结合前文可知，新的研究推翻了以前的观点。故选C。【13题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意

41、：朴茨茅斯大学进化心理学教授、该研究的作者之一布里奇特沃勒说：“人们通常认为，面部表情是由情绪驱动的，而不是动物可以根据环境改变的东西。”A. anything任何事；B. something某事、某种东西；C. that那个；D. whatever无论什么。结合下文“something”可知，这里指动物可以根据环境所改变的东西，所以用不定代词something。故选B。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：朴茨茅斯大学进化心理学教授、该研究的作者之一布里奇特沃勒说：“人们通常认为，面部表情是由情绪驱动的，而不是动物可以根据环境改变的东西。” 逻辑主语animals与depend (依靠)之间为

42、主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选D。【15题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：发表在科学报告上的一项研究描述了使用摄像机记录24只狗的面部运动。A. on在上；B. by依靠；C. for为了；D. in在里面。根据“Scientific Reports”可知，是在科学报告这份杂志里面的一项研究。故选D。【16题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在这个实验中，人类要么面对着狗，要么背对着狗，给狗提供美味的食物，要么不给。A. whether是否；B. unless除非；C. either或者；D. when当时候。eitheror要么，要么。根据“or faced away,”可知，在实验中，人类

43、要么面对着狗，要么背对着狗，给狗喂食。故选C。【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，研究小组逐帧检查这些记录，以确定狗的面部肌肉的变化。determine (确定)，根据“The recordings were then examined by the team frame by frame”可知，这里用不定式作目的状语，说明研究小组逐帧检查这些记录的目的。故选B。【18题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：研究结果显示，当人类面对狗狗时，它们的面部表情要比人类转过身去时多得多。A. or或；B. than比；C. not不；D. as因为。根据“The results reveal that

44、the dogs produced far more facial expressions when the humans were facing them,”可知，此处为比较状语从句连词。故选B。【19题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：他还说，这告诉我们驯化如何塑造了狗，并改变了它们，使它们能够与人类更多地交流。根据“He also said that it told us something about how domestication had shaped dogs,”和连词and可知，本句为宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故选A。【20题详解】考查情态动

45、词词义辨析和时态。句意：他还说，这告诉我们驯化如何塑造了狗，并改变了它们，使它们能够与人类更多地交流。A. could能够；B. can能够；C. would将；D. will将。结合句意可知，这里表示狗能够与人类更多地交流。结合句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故选A。Vocabulary (20分) (A)Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you n

46、eed.A. adapt B. challenging C. points D. infection E. vulnerable F. optimisticG. transmissible H. restrictions I. lessened J. impact K. moderateWhen Will Life Return to Normal?If 2020 felt hellish, be warned that we arent out of the fire yet, even if we are moving in the right direction. Welcome to

47、2021, aka purgatory.There is little doubt that vaccines hold the key to ending the pandemic. A recent modeling study predicted that vaccinating just 40 per cent of US adults over the course of 2021 would reduce the coronavirus _21_ rate by around 75 per cent and cut hospitalizations and deaths from

48、covid-19 by more than 80 per cent.But all this is still some way off. In the meantime, we will have to_22_ to a middle ground where some people are protected but not others. As Adam Kleczkowski, a mathematical biologist at the University of Strathclyde UK, _23_ out, supplies of the various vaccines

49、are limited, distributing them is_24_, immunity takes a few weeks to develop and the protection they offer isnt 100 percent.In the northern hemisphere, he says, the most likely scenario is a third wave of covid-19 in the new year, requiring further lockdowns and_25_ for up to five months. “ Realisti

50、cally were in for a longer ride than we hope for.” he says.Tim Spector at Kings College London, who leads the Covid-9 Symptom Study in the UK, also predicts a third wave. But if lots of healthcare workers and_26_ people have been vaccinated, the mortality rate will be lower and the pressure on the h

51、ealthcare system_27_ , he said at a recent Royal Society of Medicine seminar.The upsides of ever-widening vaccination will kick in around April. He said, “Im_28_ that if we can just get our mental state together until Easter, we can hang on in there.”There are still many things we dont understand ab

52、out this virus, however, and we may well be in for some surprises in the coming year that throw that trajectory（轨）off course. As this magazine went to press, for example, there was widespread speculation about the _29_ of a new variant of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus circulating in the UK that may be

53、more highly _30_.In Australia, the goal will be to keep the virus from resurging as the summer fades into autumn, says epidemiologist Catherine Bennett at Deakin University in Melbourne. A recent outbreak in Sydney has led to new restrictions.【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25 H 26. E 27. I 28. F 29. J

54、30. G【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述疫情人们的生活状况和人们对疫情结束的期待。【21题详解】考查名词。句意：最近的一项模型研究预测，在2021年期间，只有40% 的成年人接种疫苗就能将冠状病毒感染率降低75% 左右，并且减少80% 以上的住院治疗和2019冠状病毒疾病死亡。分析句子可知，空格处为定语，修饰后面的名词rate，infection“感染”为名词，可以做定语，符合句意。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词。句意：同时，我们将不得不适应一个中间地带，有些人受到保护，但其他人不受保护。分析句子可知，空格处为动词，和后面的介词to构成固定短语，adapt“适应”为动词，符合

55、句意。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词和主谓一致。句意：正如英国斯特拉斯克莱德大学的数学生物学家亚当克莱兹科夫斯基指出的那样，各种疫苗的供应是有限的，分发是具有挑战性的，免疫力需要几周时间才能形成，它们提供的保护不是100%。分析句子可知，空格处为一般现在时的谓语动词的第三人称单数形式，points“指出”为动词的第三人称单数形式，符合句意。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子可知，空格处为表语成分，表示主语distributing them的特点和性质，所以应该是形容词，challenging“有挑战性的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词。句意

56、：他表示，在北半球中，最有可能出现的情况是明年出现第三波 covid-19疫情，需要进一步封锁和限制，时间长达5个月。分析句子可知，空格处为名词，和前面的名词lockdowns一起并列作宾语，restrictions“限制”为名词，符合句意。故选H项。【26题详解】考查形容词。句意：他在最近的皇家医学学会研讨会上说，但是，如果大量的医疗工作者和易受伤害的人接种疫苗，死亡率将会降低，医疗系统的压力也会减轻。分析句子可知，空格处为定语，限定修饰后面的名词people，vulnerable“脆弱的；易感染的”为形容词，符合句意。故选E项。【27题详解】考查动词和语态。句意：见第6题详解。分析句子可知

57、，空格处为动词的过去分词形式表示被动的结构，和前面的will be构成被动结构，lessened“减少”为动词的过去分词形式，符合句意。故选I项。【28题详解】考查形容词。句意：他说：“我很乐观，如果我们能在复活节前恢复精神状态，我们就能坚持下去。”分析句子可知，空格处为表语，表示主语I的状态和态度，optimistic“乐观的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F项。【29题详解】考查名词。句意：例如，当这本杂志出版的时候，人们普遍猜测在英国流行的SARS-CoV-2冠状病毒的一种新变种的冲击，这种病毒可能具有更高的传染性。分析句子可知，空格处为介词about的宾语，impact“影响，冲击”为名词，

58、符合句意。故选J项。 【30题详解】考查形容词。句意：见第9题详解。分析句子可知，空格处为表语成分，表示主语的特点和性质，transmissible“传染性的，可传播的”为形容词，符合句意。故选G项。(B)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. cultivate B. reassuring C. opposing D.

59、objective E. confidenceF. evidence G. perceived H. functioning I. estimate J. existingK. scientismWhy Doubt Is Essential To ScienceThe confidence people place in science is frequently based not on what it really is, but on what people would like it to be. When I asked students at the beginning of th

60、e year how they would define science, many of them replied that it is a(n) _31_ way of discovering certainties about the world. But science cannot provide certainties. For example, a majority of Americans trust science as long as it does not challenge their _32_ beliefs. To the question “When scienc

61、e disagrees with the teachings of your religion, which one do you believe?” 58 percent of North Americans favor religion; 33 percent science; and 6 percent say “it depends.”But doubt in science is a feature, not a bug. Indeed, science, when properly _33_ , questions accepted facts and leads to both

62、new knowledge and new questions not certainty. Doubt does not _34_ trust, nor does it help public understanding. So why should people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions?As a historian of science, I would argue that its th

63、e responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precisely in what is often _35_ as its weakness: its drive to question and challenge a possible explanation. Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world w

64、henever new _36_ emerges from either experimentation or observation. Scientific findings are hypotheses that contain the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of are challenged and even overturned. Doubt might be troubling, but it stimulates us towards a better understanding; c

65、ertainties, as _37_ as they may seem, in fact block the scientific process. Scientists understand this, but in the _38_ fore between the public and science, there are two significant traps. One is a form of blind _39_ that is, a belief in the capacity of science to solve all problems. And the other

66、is a form of relativism borne out of a lack of _40_ in the very existence of truth.【答案】31. D 32. J 33. H 34. A 35. G 36. F 37. B 38. C 39. K 40. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者给大家解释了“为什么怀疑对科学至关重要”这个问题。【31题详解】考查形容词。句意：当我在年初问学生们如何定义科学时，他们中的许多人回答说，这是一种发现世界确定性的客观方式。分词句子可知，空格处填形容词修饰名词way，objective“客观的”符合题意。故选D项。【32题

67、详解】考查形容词。句意：例如，大多数美国人相信科学，只要它不挑战他们现有的信仰。分析句子可知，空格处填形容词修饰beliefs。结合语境，existing“现存的”符合题意。故选J项。【33题详解】考查状语从句的省略结构。句意：事实上，科学在正常运转时，会质疑公认的事实，并导致新知识和新问题而不是确定性。分析句子可知，两个逗号中间的内容是状语从句的省略结构，修饰主语science。function作为动词，意为“起作用，运转”，和science构成主动关系，用它的现在分词形式。故选H项。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：怀疑不能培养信任，也无助于公众的理解。从空格前面的doesnt可知，空格处填动

68、词原形。再结合句意， “培养信任”这个搭配是对的，cultivate“培养”。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：作为一名科学史学家，我认为科学家和科学史学家有责任证明，科学的真正力量恰恰在于人们通常认为它的弱点：它质疑和挑战可能的解释的动力，科学方法要求在实验或观察中出现新的证据时，改变我们对自然世界的理解。此句中what引导的从句做介词in的宾语。what指的是被人们认为是弱点的东西。perceive 含义是“认为，感知”符合题意。故选G项。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：科学方法要求在实验或观察中出现新的证据时，改变我们对自然世界的理解。在whenever引导的从句中，此空做主语，一般

69、考虑名词。结合句意“新证据出现”，evidence“证据”符合题意。故选F项。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：确定性，就像看上去像他们看起来的一样令人安心，实际上阻碍了科学过程。asas结构中用形容词的原级。结合句意，“确定性，似乎看起来是令人安心的”，reassuring“令人安心的”符合题意。故选B项。【38题详解】考查动名词。句意：科学家们理解这一点，但在公众和科学之间的对立中，有两个重要的陷阱。此空在介词in后面，填名词或者动名词。结合语境，opposing“对立”符合语境。故选C项。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：一种是盲目的科学主义，即相信科学有能力解决所有问题。此空做a form

70、of 的宾语，应填入名词，结合后面的“a belief in the capacity of science to solve all problems”可知，scientism“科学主义”符合语境。故选K项。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：另一种是一种相对主义，它是由于对真理的存在缺乏信心而产生的。此空应填入名词。做a lack of的宾语。结合前一句内容“相信科学有能力解决所有问题”可知，另一种就是对科学缺乏信心，confidence“信心”符合语境。故选E项。III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分） Directions: For each bla

71、nk in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Unwrapping your shopping to find you have bought mouldy (发霉的) bread, rotten fruit and sour milk could soon become a thing of the past, thanks to the

72、 range of emerging active packaging technologies. While traditional packaging simply _41_ a barrier that protects food, active packaging can do a lot more. Some materials _42_ with the product to improve it in some way, or provide better information on the state it is in. _43_, they may absorb oxyge

73、n inside a wrapper to help prevent food spoilage or show whether potentially dangerous foods like red meat and chicken have been stored at unsafe temperatures.One of the new breed of packaging technologies that have just gone on the market in France is a time temperature indicator. Stores where the

74、product has already been introduced report that far fewer consumers are returning _44_ food. The indicator is basically a label that _45_ the temperature a package has been kept at and for how long. The label has a dark ring around a lighter circle. The central ring contains a chemical which polymer

75、ises (聚合), changing colour as it does so from _46_ to dark. If the package stays cool, the reaction is slow, but increasing the temperature speeds up the polymerization. When the inner circle darkens, it means the product is no longer _47_ fresh.Smart packaging can also control the _48_ of the atmos

76、phere inside a container. For instance, the make-up of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) within packaged vegetables will influence their freshness. This can be hard to control in a sealed package, since vegetables _49_ more oxygen and give off more carbon dioxide as the package gets warmer. A fir

77、m in California is trying to solve the problem with a wrapper it calls Intelimer which changes its permeability (渗透) as the temperature changes in a way that keeps different produces at their best O2/CO2 _50_.Decay can also be _51_ by controlling the environment inside a package with an oxygen scave

78、nger(清除剂). _52_, this is achieved by placing a small bag filled with iron powder in the package any oxygen in the package is consumed by the iron as it oxidises. However, consumers dont _53_ finding small bags marked Dont eat in their food, so a company in New Jersey is making a wrap that itself con

79、sumes oxygen. The _54_ includes an inner layer of an oxidisable polymer (聚合物) that traps oxygen in the same way as iron.It is predicted that between 20 and 40 per cent of all food packaging will soon be _55_.41. A. acts asB. belongs toC. deals withD. relies on42. A. interweaveB. matchC. interactD. i

80、nterfere43. A. Even soB. For instanceC. In consequenceD. Whats more44. A. brokenB. inadequateC. spoiltD. unnecessary45. A. elevatesB. lowersC. projectsD. tracks46. A. neutralB. plainC. clearD. cloudy47. A. guaranteedB. observedC. purchasedD. recognized48. A. compositionB. contextC. temperatureD. tig

81、htness49. A. generateB. consumeC. affectD. integrate50. A. componentsB. concentrationsC. mixturesD. restrictions51. A. taken onB. sped upC. turned awayD. slowed down52. A. TheoreticallyB. ApparentlyC. SurprisinglyD. Currently53. A. resistB. mindC. favorD. protest54. A. metalB. formC. powderD. materi

82、al55. A. effectiveB. productiveC. activeD. inviting【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. D 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款可以让食物保持新鲜的新型活性包装技术“时间温度指示器”，介绍了其工作原理。【41题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：传统包装只是起到保护食品的屏障作用，而活性包装可以做得更多。A. acts as起作用、充当；B. belongs to属于；C. deals with处

83、理；D. relies on依靠。由本处的“While traditional packaging simply _1_ a barrier that protects food”和常识可知，传统包装起保护食品的作用。故选A项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些材料与产品相互作用，以某种方式改进产品，或提供有关产品状态的更好信息。A. interweave交织；B. match匹配；C. interact相互作用；D. interfere干涉。由下文的“to improve it in some way, or provide better information on the sta

84、te it is in”可知，此处在讲新型活性包装技术，要想以新的方式改进产品，提供更好的服务，那么传统包装是不行的，只能材料和产品相互作用，产生一种新型包装。故选C项。【43题详解】考查固定搭配辨析。句意：例如，它们可能会在包装内吸收氧气，以帮助防止食物变质，或者显示像红肉和鸡肉这样拥有潜在（变质的）危险食品是否储存在不安全的温度下。A. Even so即便如此；B. For instance例如；C. In consequence因此；D. Whats more更重要的是。由上文的“to improve it in some way, or provide better informati

85、on on the state it is in”和下文的“they may absorb oxygen inside a wrapper to help prevent food spoilage or show whether potentially dangerous foods like red meat and chicken have been stored at unsafe temperatures”可知，上文讲新型活性包装技术可以更好的保护食品，下文对“新型活性包装技术的作用”进行举例说明。故选B项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：已经推出该产品的商店报告说，退回变质

86、食品的消费者要少得多。A. broken破碎的；B. inadequate不充分的；C. spoilt变质的；D. unnecessary不需要的。由本处的“returning _4_ food”可知，消费者肯定是把“变质的”食品退回商店。故选C项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：指示器基本上是一个标签，用于跟踪包装的温度和保存时间。A. elevates评价；B. lowers降低；C. projects计划；D. tracks跟踪。由上文的“a time temperature indicator”和下文的“the temperature a package has been kep

87、t at the and how long”可知，在产品包装上放上“时间温度指示器”，是为了跟踪包装的温度和保存时间（以便提供有关产品状态的更好信息）。故选D项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中心环含有一种可以聚合的化学物质，在聚合过程中颜色会从透明变暗。A. neutral中立的；B. plain坦诚的；C. clear清晰的；D. cloudy多云的。由上文的“The label has a dark ring around a lighter circle.”和本处的“changing colour as it does so from _6_ to dark”可知，指示器是一

88、个周围有较亮圆圈的深色环，说明指示器的颜色会由明到暗，此处谈及颜色的变化，应该是由清晰变暗淡。故选C项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当内圈变暗时，意味着产品不再保证新鲜。A. guaranteed保证；B. observed观察；C. purchased购买；D. recognized认出。由上文的“The label has a dark ring around a lighter circle.”和本处的“the product is no longer _7_ fresh”可知，指示器的颜色会由明到暗，如果指示器颜色变暗，说明产品不再保证新鲜。故选A项。【48题详解】考查名词词

89、义辨析。句意：智能包装还可以控制容器内的气体成分。A. composition成分；B. context语境；C. temperature温度；D. tightness紧张。由下文的“oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2)”和“California is trying to solve the problem with a wrapper it calls Intelimer which changes its permeability (渗透) as the temperature changes in a way that keeps different

90、produces at their best O2/CO2 _10_.”可知，加利福尼亚州一家公司研发的名为“Intelimer”的包装物可以使不同的产品保持最佳的O2/CO2浓度，说明智能包装还可以控制容器内的气体成分。故选A项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这在密封包装中很难控制，因为随着包装温度的升高，蔬菜消耗更多的氧气，释放更多的二氧化碳。A. generate引起；B. consume消耗；C. affect影响；D. integrate整合。由本处的“ give off more carbon dioxide”可知，只有消耗氧气，才会释放二氧化碳。故选B项。【50题详解】考

91、查名词词义辨析。句意：加利福尼亚州的一家公司正试图用一种被称为“Intelimer”的包装物来解决这个问题，这种包装物随着温度的变化而改变其渗透性，从而使不同的产品保持最佳的O2/CO2浓度。A. components成分；B. concentrations浓度；C. mixtures混合物；D. restrictions限制。由上文的“the make-up of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) within packaged vegetables will influence their freshness. This can be hard to

92、 control in a sealed package”和“California is trying to solve the problem with a wrapper it calls Intelimer”可知，传统密封包装很难控制包装中的氧气和二氧化碳成分组成（因而很难使食品保鲜），而新型包装能解决这个问题，控制氧气和二氧化碳的浓度（使食品保鲜）。故选B项。【51题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过使用“氧气清除剂”控制包装内的环境，也可以减缓衰变。A. taken on承担；B. sped up加速；C. turned away拒绝进入；D. slowed down减速。由常识和本

93、处的“by controlling the environment inside a package with an oxygen scavenger(清除剂)”可知，东西会氧化，就会腐坏变质，如果清除包装内的氧气，衰变（Decay）就会减缓。故选D项。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：目前，这是通过在包装中放置一个装满铁粉的小袋子来实现的当铁氧化时，包装中的任何氧气都会被铁消耗掉。A. Theoretically理论上地；B. Apparently明显地；C. Surprisingly惊讶地；D. Currently目前。由下文的“this is achieved by placing

94、a small bag filled with iron powder in the package any oxygen in the package is consumed by the iron as it oxidises”可知，清除包装内的氧气，目前通过包装中放置一个装满铁粉的小袋子实现了。故选D项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，消费者不喜欢发现标有“不要在食物中进食”的小袋子，因此新泽西州的一家公司正在制造一种自身消耗氧气的包装。A. resist抵制；B. mind介意；C. favor喜欢；D. protest抗议。由下文的“so a company in New

95、 Jersey is making a wrap that itself consumes oxygen”可知，新泽西州的一家公司正在制造一种自身消耗氧气的包装，说明标有“不要在食物中进食”的铁粉小袋子不受欢迎，消费者不喜欢。故选C项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该材料包括可氧化聚合物的内层，这种可氧化聚合物以与铁相同的方式捕获氧。A. metal金属；B. form形式；C. powder粉末；D. material材料。由下文的“an inner layer of an oxidisable polymer”可知，此处讲这种材料的构成。故选D项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。

96、句意：据预测，20%至40%的食品包装不久将拥有活性保鲜能力。A. effective有效的；B. productive多产的；C. active活性的；D. inviting诱人的。由上文语境可知，文章介绍了一款可以让食物保持新鲜的新型活性包装技术“时间温度指示器”，通过活性包装使食品保鲜，此处是推测未来有部分包装食品将拥有活性保鲜能力。故选C项。Section B （40分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished st

97、atements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Its an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says no because the boiler could go, or the roof fall off

98、, and we have no savings to save us. I say you only live once and we work hard and whats the point if you cant go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year-we just wont go. Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should b

99、e grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday. A YouGov poll of 2,000 people found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. Whats less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession-financial pressures

100、 mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples. Disputes were characterised by intense verbal aggression, tended to be repeated and not resolved, and made men, more than women, extremely angry.Kim Step

101、henson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolizes, which may be different things to men and women. “People can say the same things about money but have different ideas of what its for,” he explains. “Theyll say its to save, to spend, for security,

102、for freedom, to show someone you love them.” He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that theyve achieved something.“The biggest problem is that couples assume each other knows whats going on with their finances, but they dont. There seems to b

103、e more of a taboo（禁忌）about talking about money than about death. But you both need to know what youre doing, whos paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship, you dont have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it.”56. What does the autho

104、r say about vacationing?A. People enjoy it all the more during a recession.B. It is the chief cause of family disputes.C. It makes all the hard work worthwhile.D. Few people can afford it without working hard.57. What does the author mean by saying “ money is knownto bring a relationship to its knee

105、s”( Lines1-2, Para.2)?A. Money is considered to be the root of all evils.B. Few people can resist the temptation of money.C. Some people sacrifice their dignity for money.D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.58. The YouGov poll of 2,000 people indicates that in a recession _.A. conflicts b

106、etween couples tend to riseB. couples show more concern for each otherC. it is more expensive for couples to split upD. divorce and separation rates increase59. The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should _.A. put their money together instead of keeping it separatelyB. make eff

107、orts to reach agreement on their family budgetsC. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationshipD. avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic【答案】56. C 57. D 58. A 59. C【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述在经济衰退时期人们对钱的看法和人们的关系状况。【56题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“I say you only live once and we work hard and w

108、hats the point if you cant go on holiday.”(我说你只活一次，我们努力工作，如果你不能去度假，那还有什么意义。)可知，在作者看来，度假才使得努力工作有意义。故选C。【57题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees”(钱被认为是最有可能让一段关系破裂的东西之一)可知，作者认为说关于钱的话题会毁掉人们之间的关系。故选D。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“financial pressures

109、mean couples argue more”(经济压力意味着夫妻争吵更多)可知，YouGov对2000人进行民意调查发现，在经济衰退期间，经济压力意味着夫妻争吵更多。故选A。【59题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“In a healthy relationship, you dont have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it.”(在一段健康的关系中，你们不需要在钱的问题上达成一致，但你们必须谈论这个问题。)可知，作者建议，要想保持夫妻之间的健康关系，必须要讨论钱的问题。故选C。(B)One dictionary bro

110、adly defines the word “crisis” as “a crucial turning point in the progress of an affair or of a series of events, as in politics, business, a story, or play” This paper will attempt to define a much narrower but extremely significant aspect of crisis: personal crisis.Sometimes our more or less stead

111、y progress through life comes to a jolting halt(止步). Something unexpected, shocking, frightening, threatening, and disastrous happens - a crisis. Such a development can disturb relationships, interfere with work efficiency, and cause confusion, disorganization, and serious emotional upheaval(剧变). So

112、lutions that have worked for us in solving past problems no longer prove adequate. As anxiety increases, our powers to cope with it correspondingly decrease. The crisis quickly leads to frustration; we feel helpless either to escape from the problem or to resolve it successfully.Many people think of

113、 crisis as being connected only with unhappy or unpleasant events. This is not the case. Crisis can occur as a result of any change, even one that is generally welcomed: marriage, birth of a child, graduation from school or college, or election to public office.Crises are generally of two types. Fir

114、st, there are the expected, maturational crises we experience at times of life development and change. Examples of this include a childs first enrollment in school or his transfer at a later age to new school. These events may precipitate(促成) a crisis - both for the youngster and his parents. Anothe

115、r time when crisis can be expected is during adolescence.The second type of crisis is the unexpected, accidental kind. This can stem from many sources: becoming involved in a legal suit, having an automobiles crash, being fired from a job, losing a large sum of money, or falling suddenly ill. Severe

116、 illness will create a crisis not only for the individual concerned but also for his family. And an illness may itself be caused by an emotional crisis, such as the death of a spouse, offspring, or sibling.In a recent attitude survey, researchers gathered information to determine which crisis situat

117、ions in life were most likely to precede(领先于)illness. The study showed that the three most stressful life events were death of a spouse, divorce, and marital separation. Other events that fell toward the top of the crisis scale were a jail term, death of a close family member, personal injury or ill

118、ness, marriage, losing ones job, marital resolution, retirement, change in the health of a family member, pregnancy, gain of a new family member, business readjustment, and change in financial state.60. According to the passage, which of the following is the most proper definition of “crisis”?A. A p

119、oint or moment of great danger, difficulty, or uncertainty.B. A crucial turning point in the process of an affair or of a series of events, either expected or unexpected.C. The time in a serious illness at which there is a sudden change for better or worse.D. A result of change.61. All the following

120、 may be causes of a crisis EXCEPT_.A. pregnancyB. graduation from high schoolC. steady progress through lifeD. adolescence62. The word “maturational” in line 1 Paragraph 4 most probably means _.A. related to growthB. related to youngstersC. pleasantD. welcomed63. Illness, in the authors opinion, is_

121、 crisis.A. a cause ofB. a result ofC. neither a cause nor a result ofD. either a cause or a result of【答案】60. B 61. C 62. A 63. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章从危机的一个更狭窄但极其重要的方面个人危机来介绍危机的定义。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“a crucial turning point in the progress of an affair or of a series of events”(转折点一个事件或一系列事件进展中的关键转折

122、点)可知，“crisis”是一个转折点，根据第一段最后一句“This paper will attempt to define a much narrower but extremely significant aspect of crisis: personal crisis.”(本文将试图定义危机的一个更狭窄但极其重要的方面：个人危机。)可知，本文中讲的是更为狭窄的个人危机，根据第四段第一句“Crises are generally of two types.”(危机一般分为两种类型。)，第二句中的“First, there are the expected”(首先是预期)和第五段第一句“

123、The second type of crisis is the unexpected, accidental kind.”(第二种是意外的、偶然的危机。)可知，危机分类为预期的和意外的。所以危机是指转折点在某一事件或一系列事件过程中的关键转折点，无论是预期的还是意外的。故选B。【61题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Crisis can occur as a result of any change, even one that is generally welcomed: marriage, birth of a child, graduation from school or col

124、lege, or election to public office.”(任何变化都可能导致危机，即使是普遍受欢迎的变化：结婚、生孩子、中学或大学毕业或当选公职。)可知，导致危机的原因通常是变化，生命的稳定进程不属于变化，所以选项C不可能是导致危机的原因。故选C。【62题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段第三句“Examples of this include a childs first enrollment in school or his transfer at a later age to new school.”(这方面的例子包括孩子第一次入学或他在较晚的年龄转到新的学校。)可知，matu

125、rational crises是指与成长有关的危机，所以maturational意为 “与成长有关的”。故选A。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句和第四句“Severe illness will create a crisis not only for the individual concerned but also for his family. And an illness may itself be caused by an emotional crisis, such as the death of a spouse, offspring, or sibling.”(严重的

126、疾病不仅会给有关个人带来危机，也会给他的家庭带来危机。疾病本身可能是由情绪危机引起的，比如配偶、子女或兄弟姐妹的死亡。)可知，疾病既可以是危机的原因也可以是其结果。故选D。(C)Of the many possible responses to a drop in blood-glucose (血糖) levels, none is quite so colorful, so of-the-moment, as being hangry. Hangry is hot. Science will tell you that there are physiological explanations

127、 for hanger that is, the overwhelming anger one feels when deprived of food for too long. As we all know, this anger often ends in aggression directed at those who dont deserve it, even though we could have been at dinner a half-hour ago.Anyway, being hangry is a real thing, and so is Hangry, a new

128、restaurant in New Hyde Park that is itself colorful and of-the-moment. The five-tables-and-take-out establishment, which opened Jan. 24 and as of this writing does not yet have its menu online, is a halal (清真的) place with something extra. That something extra? Pizza, burgers, hot dogs and more.“Its

129、like a halal carnival,” said my dinner companion, referring not just to Hangrys menu but its fun, attractive decorations. Lime green walls are brightly painted with 1950s-style comic book drawings of icons past and present: Al Pacino circa “Scarface,” DC villain Harley Quinn, the Joker, Walter White

130、 of “Breaking Bad” and more. “Hip” and “chill” and “sick” are among the terms early diners have used to describe Hangry, which is already developing a young and loyal crowd, and the food has met with similar praise.The most popular presswich so far, it seems, is something called the Heisenburg ($8.4

131、9), a chicken panini with mozzarella cheese sticks, French fries and more. Whatever uncertainty our table might have had about the Heisenburg was quickly dispelled after a few bites. There was a juicy unusualness to it, but it worked.Almost as tasty was the Mac Daddy burger, in which good quality be

132、ef sits on a thin spackling of macn cheese. Atop the beef are some strips of bacon, and atop that a layer of why not? barbecued potato chips. It all makes for a rather unwieldy (笨拙的) sandwich that quickly collapses after a few bites, and I cant say Id been hangry for such a flavor combination. Then

133、again, none of that stopped me from eating the whole thing in a matter of minutes.Still to try on the 100%-halal menu: a hotdog called My Little Friend ($5) dressed with peppers and crumbled Kurkure, an Indian chip that tastes like curry-flavored Cheetos; five flavors of wings; several pizzas by the

134、 slice; and Ju Wanna Play Ruff, which might be the gruffest name ever assigned to a veggie sandwich (tomato, mushrooms, pesto and mozzarella).But our first meal was pleasant enough. Our glucose numbers having returned to baseline, we departed calm, and totally puzzled as to what we were hangry about

135、 it in the first place. Hangry is at 725 Hillside Ave. in New Hyde Park, 516-629-7102. Opening hours are 10 a.m. to 10 p.m., seven days a week.64. When people feel hangry, they _.A. have had enough to eat and feel comfortableB. are lost in thought and prefer to stay aloneC. feel angry at those who d

136、ont displease themD. eat anything whether it is delicious or not65. Which of the following is NOT the feature of Hangry?A. Its decoration and food can attract young people.B. There are various fast foods with different flavors.C. The restaurant has attracted regular customers.D. The food meets the n

137、eeds of different age groups.66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Only the decorations in Hangry has won young customers praise.B. The taste of burgers in Hangry is similar to those in other restaurants.C. The author first didnt like the burger but finally ate it with satisfaction.D. The jui

138、ce of Heisenburg is unusual so not all the customers like it.67. The passage is most probably _.A. A recommendation of a new restaurantB. An analysis of food in the restaurantC. A job advertisement of a restaurantD. A report from the government【答案】64. C 65. D 66. C 67. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一家叫Han

139、gry的餐馆的菜单。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“As we all know, this anger often ends in aggression directed at those who dont deserve it, even though we could have been at dinner a half-hour ago.(我们都知道，这种愤怒往往以攻击那些不值得的人而告终，即使我们半小时前可能还在吃饭。)”可知，当人们感到饿怒时，他们会对那些不讨他们欢心的人感到愤怒，故选C。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“The five-tables-and-take

140、-out establishment, which opened Jan. 24 and as of this writing does not yet have its menu online, is a halal place with something extra. That something extra? Pizza, burgers, hot dogs and more.(这家有五张桌子和外卖的餐厅于1月24日开业，截至本文撰写时，还没有在网上提供菜单，它是一家清真餐厅，还有一些额外的东西。额外的东西吗？披萨、汉堡、热狗等等。)”，第三段的“referring not just

141、to Hangrys menu but its fun, attractive decorations(他指的不仅仅是Hangry的菜单，还有它有趣、有吸引力的装饰)”和“which is already developing a young and loyal crowd(已经发展出一群年轻而忠诚的顾客)”可知，Hangry餐馆的特征包括它的装饰和食物可以吸引年轻人，有各种不同口味的快餐，吸引了老顾客，不包括D选项，故选D。【66题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Whatever uncertainty our table might have had about the Heisenbur

142、g was quickly dispelled after a few bites.(我们这桌人对Heisenburg的不确定性在吃了几口之后很快就消失了。)”可知，作者起初不喜欢这个汉堡，但最后满意地吃了下去。故选C。【67题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Hangry is at 725 Hillside Ave. in New Hyde Park, 516-629-7102. Opening hours are 10 a.m. to 10 p.m., seven days a week.(Hangry在725希尔塞德大街，在新海德公园，电话516-629-7102。开放时间是上午10点

143、到晚上10点，每周7天。)”可知，本文是为Hangry这家餐馆搞宣传的，因此本文是推荐一家新餐馆，故选A。(D)Googles 400m acquisition of the UK artificial intelligence research company DeepMind in 20l4 was testimony to the quality of British scientific research. Furthermore, the insistence of the three UK co-founders that their company would not move

144、to California was seen as evidence of Londons potential to become a successful centre for technology innovation. Four years later, the future of the UK capitals tech aspirations and of DeepMinds centre of gravity look a lot less certain. DeepMinds announcement last week that it would transfer contro

145、l of its health unit to a new Google Health division in California has raised questions about data privacy. The health unit has access to the records of 1. 6m patients of Britains National Health Service. After four years of relative operating freedom, the company is confronting the hard reality of

146、being owned by Google. For Google, however, which has been patient so far about its return on investment, the time for DeepMinds work to be commercialised-specifically a patient management App called Streams-appears to have arrived.The UK Company founded by Demis Hassabis, Shane Legg and Mustafa Sul

147、eyman has repeatedly vindicated Googles assessment of its world class artificial intelligence research. In2016, its AlphaGo programme beat the worlds best player of the fiendishly complex board game “Go” after thousands of practice games. In2017 its progeny, AlphaGo Zero, did it again-without any ex

148、pert human input.When algorithms beat humans at their own games it is impressive; when they start beating them at their work it becomes unsettling. This year, another DeepMind algorithm proved better than retinal specialists at Londons Moorfields Eye Hospital at making referrals when tested on patie

149、nt scans.This was clear progress. DeepMinds health work is what is most immediately relevant to Britons since, through a partnership with the Royal Free Hospital, it has access to the data of so many patients. The move to California has understandably raised privacy concerns at a time when big tech

150、companies, including Facebook, are coming under growing scrutiny for the careless way they have exploited private data for commercial gain. Moreover, the transfer appears to contravene promises by DeepMind that “at no stage will patient data ever be linked or associated with Google accounts, product

151、s or services”. It is worrying that at the same time DeepMinds independent review panel-set up to scrutinize its sensitive relationship with the NHS-is also being wound up.DeepMind, which sees the move as a way of ensuring millions benefit from its work, claims that its contracts with the NHS are su

152、fficient to protect patients data, which will remain under the strict control of Britains health service. Google has said nothing. There is a clear need for both companies to offer much greater assurances.Last year, DeepMind set up an ethics and society department, whose independent advisers were se

153、lected for their integrity. They had a reputation for asking tough questions which set the company apart in the tech sector. If indeed the founders believed this culture would be unaffected by the gravitational pull of a buyer as powerful as Google, they were naive. WhatsApp and Instagram made the s

154、ame mistake.But for the sake of the NHS patients whose data are at issue, it is to be hoped that the same culture and integrity survives in California. The Silicon Valley mantra of “move fast and break things” might work for companies developing software. It has no place governing healthcare and tec

155、hnology.68. The first paragraph is used to_.A. take about the future of DeepMindB. remind readers of the cost of Googles acquisition of DeepMindC. leading to the problems that DeepMind will faceD. highlighting the quality of British scientific research69. What is the real reason of Information leaka

156、ge of private data?A. DeepMind has no relative operating freedom.B. Google Health division is allowed to retrieve the records of 1. 6m patients.C. Britains National Health Service leaks the private data of their patients.D. Some companies have collected private data for commercial gain carelessly.70

157、. Which one is not true according to this passage?A. Both Google and DeepMind should offer the public much greater assurances.B. WhatsApp and Instagram are likely to leak information of their clients.C. People feel nervous about algorithms employed by high-tech.D. The ethics and society department s

158、et up by DeepMind may work.71. What is the authors attitude toward the Silicon Valley mantra?A. CriticalB. PositiveC. NegativeD. Ambiguous【答案】68. C 69. D 70. B 71. C【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述随着科技的发展，用户信息的泄露也随之出现。【68题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Googles 400m acquisition of the UK artificial intelligence research comp

159、any DeepMind in 20l4 was testimony to the quality of British scientific research. Furthermore, the insistence of the three UK co-founders that their company would not move to California was seen as evidence of Londons potential to become a successful centre for technology innovation. Four years late

160、r, the future of the UK capitals tech aspirations and of DeepMinds centre of gravity look a lot less certain.(2014年，谷歌(google)以4亿英镑收购了英国人工智能研究公司DeepMind，这证明了英国科学研究的质量。此外，三位联合创始人坚称，他们的公司不会迁往加州，这被视为伦敦有潜力成为一个成功的技术创新中心的证据。四年后，英国首都的科技愿景和DeepMind的重心的未来看起来不那么确定了)”可知，本段主要介绍了DeepMind的未来不太确定。所以第一段的目的是要告知读者Dee

161、pMind公司将会面临的问题。故选C。【69题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“The move to California has understandably raised privacy concerns at a time when big tech companies, including Facebook, are coming under growing scrutiny for the careless way they have exploited private data for commercial gain. (目前，包括Facebook在内的大型科技公司正因为不小心利用私

162、人数据谋取商业利益而受到越来越多的审查)”可知，私人数据的信息泄露的真正原因是大型科技公司因为不小心利用私人数据谋取商业利益。故选D。【70题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段“Last year, DeepMind set up an ethics and society department, whose independent advisers were selected for their integrity. They had a reputation for asking tough questions which set the company apart in the tech se

163、ctor. If indeed the founders believed this culture would be unaffected by the gravitational pull of a buyer as powerful as Google, they were naive. WhatsApp and Instagram made the same mistake. (去年，DeepMind成立了一个道德与社会部门，其独立顾问的选择是基于他们的正直。他们以问尖锐的问题闻名，这使得公司在科技领域与众不同。如果创始人真的相信这种文化不会受到像谷歌这样强大的买家的影响，那他们就太天

164、真了。WhatsApp和Instagram犯了同样的错。)”可知，WhatsApp和Instagram犯的错是指像上文提到的创始人相信以问尖锐的问题闻名这种文化不会受到像谷歌这样强大的买家的影响的错误，不是泄露用户信息的错误，所以B选项和原文意思不一致。故选B。【71题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Silicon Valley mantra of “move fast and break things” might work for companies developing software. It has no place governing healthcare and tech

165、nology. (硅谷“快速行动，打破常规”的口号或许适用于开发软件的公司。它没有管理医疗和科技的地方)”可知，硅谷虽然在喊口号，但是它并没有涉及医疗和科技的管理，所以作者对它是不认同的。故选C。Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Is forcing a female emp

166、loyee to wear high heels workplace harassment (骚扰)? This is the question Japan has been struggling with over the past year, led by the activists behind #KuToo, the nations anti-high heels movement. _72_. It first emerged as a hashtag in January 2019 after Yumi Ishikawa tweeted about being forced to

167、wear painful high heels at her workplace. Her initial KuToo request on Change.org has obtained over 31,000 signatures since it was created in February 2019. In a nation where up to 70 percent of women wear heels at least once a week, KuToo quickly rose to become a major social media slogan for women

168、. The KuToo movement shows no signs of slowing down. In fact, the term was added to Japanese dictionaries after it was chosen as one of the countrys top ten memorable buzzwords by a leading publisher in December 2019. _73_. One of them said, “If you cant wear heels, you should talk to your superviso

169、r and seek a compromise. Yelling at your company and demanding a ban on high heels is real power harassment.” _74_. Ai Tomita, 21, was required to wear 5 cm heels even when she worked part-time in a wedding hall when she was a high school student. It was a standing job, and it was really tough. “Whi

170、le my male coworkers were expected to follow their own dress code, we were more likely to be affected by power harassment. Women are put into positions of having to receive or do things men dont do, such as having to look good,” she said. Many believe the movement has arrived at a crucial time as wo

171、mens rights are becoming more widely talked about across East Asia. _75_. Through hashtags like KuToo, “social media has made it easier for ordinary Japanese women to voice their thoughts,” says Kumiko Kawashima, a gender studies lecturer at Australias Macquarie University. “Tweets about everyday fr

172、ustration have resonated (产生共鸣) with a greater number of women.”A. But supporters of the movement say women often have no choice but to follow the dress code.B. If more people speak up about their unfair treatment, both men and women can lead better lives.C. In traditional Japan, KuToo has helped no

173、rmalize discussions about sexism (性别偏见).D. KuToo is a play on the words kutsu (shoes), kutsuu (pain) and the MeToo movement.E. Its inclusion, however, has also brought out critics claiming the movement is “offensive.”F. Women do not need “permission” to wear what they want.【答案】72. D 73. E 74. A 75.

174、C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述“反高跟鞋运动”与KuToo标签使妇女权益得到重视，帮助女性表达想法，在网上找到共鸣。【72题详解】上文“This is the question Japan has been struggling with over the past year, led by the activists behind #KuToo, the nations anti-high heels movement. (这是日本在过去一年中一直在努力解决的问题，由该国反高跟鞋运动#KuToo背后的活动家领导。)”提出KuToo一词。D项“KuToo is a play o

175、n the words kutsu (shoes), kutsuu (pain) and the MeToo movement. (KuToo是kutsu(鞋子)，kutsuu(疼痛)和MeToo运动的双关语。)”承接上文，解释KuToo的意思，故选D。【73题详解】下文“One of them said, “If you cant wear heels, you should talk to your supervisor and seek a compromise. Yelling at your company and demanding a ban on high heels is r

176、eal power harassment.” (其中一人说：“如果你不能穿高跟鞋，你应该和你的主管谈谈，寻找折中的办法。对你的公司大喊大叫，要求禁止穿高跟鞋，是真正的权力骚扰。)”是对“反高跟鞋运动”的批判。E项“Its inclusion, however, has also brought out critics claiming the movement is “offensive.” (然而，它的加入也招致了批评，称该运动是“冒犯性的”。)”说明有人批评“反高跟鞋运动”，引出下文，故选E。【74题详解】下文“Ai Tomita, 21, was required to wear 5 c

177、m heels even when she worked part-time in a wedding hall when she was a high school student. It was a standing job, and it was really tough. “While my male coworkers were expected to follow their own dress code, we were more likely to be affected by power harassment. Women are put into positions of

178、having to receive or do things men dont do, such as having to look good,” she said. (21岁的Ai Tomita被要求穿5厘米的高跟鞋，当时她是一名高中生，在婚礼大厅做兼职工作。这是一项站着进行的工作，真的很艰苦。她说：“虽然我的男性同事被期望遵循自己的着装要求，但我们更有可能受到权力骚扰的影响。女性被置于不得不接受或做男人不做的事情的位置，比如必须看起来不错。”)”介绍了对女性工作时的着装要求及女性的辛苦。A项“But supporters of the movement say women often ha

179、ve no choice but to follow the dress code. (但该运动的支持者表示，女性通常别无选择，只能遵守着装要求。)”引出下文，介绍了对女性工作时的着装要求，故选A。【75题详解】上文“Many believe the movement has arrived at a crucial time as womens rights are becoming more widely talked about across East Asia. (许多人认为，随着妇女权利在整个东亚地区得到越来越多的广泛讨论，这场运动已经到了关键时刻。)”及“Through hasht

180、ags like KuToo, “social media has made it easier for ordinary Japanese women to voice their thoughts,” says Kumiko Kawashima, a gender studies lecturer at Australias Macquarie University. “Tweets about everyday frustration have resonated (产生共鸣) with a greater number of women.”(澳大利亚麦考瑞大学的性别研究讲师Kumiko

181、 Kawashima说：“通过像KuToo这样的标签，社交媒体让普通的日本女性更容易表达自己的想法。关于日常挫折的推文已经引起了更多女性的共鸣。”)”说明KuToo标签使妇女权益得到重视，帮助女性表达想法，在网上找到共鸣。C项“In traditional Japan, KuToo has helped normalize discussions about sexism (性别偏见). (在传统的日本，KuToo帮助规范了关于性别歧视的讨论。)”承上启下，说明KuToo标签使女性权益得到广泛的讨论，故选C。96Summary (10分) 76. Directions: Read the fo

182、llowing passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.The advantages of social networkingWhy do most people sign up to social networking sites? The main reason is to stay in touch with other people. These sit

183、es also help people to find their childhood friends that they have lost touch with. Renewing these long-lost friendships is just a click away. It is very exciting to be able to catch up with friends and keep up with their news on an almost daily basis thanks to frequent updates.Keeping up-to-date, h

184、owever, doesnt have to be restricted to friends and acquaintances (相识的人). What many people tend to forget is that they can also use networking sites for professional reasons. It is actually a great way of finding out about upcoming job opportunities. Friends might know about job vacancies that may n

185、ot be advertised elsewhere or they can even recommend their friends for certain jobs. Even people already employed can promote their business online. This is particularly important for artists, actors and musicians who can create pages devoted to their band or theatre company, and inform fans about

186、their gigs (现场演唱会) or latest exhibitions. In addition, the sites can be used to allow the public to give instant feedback on the artists work and to interact with their favorite artist.Another great advantage of social networking sites is how easy it is to organize an event with your friends. Thanks

187、 to different settings people can organize their friends by different criteria (标准). These criteria could be how close friends they are, common interests and hobbies or where they live. This means if a certain event takes place, for example, an open-air concert or a football match, all they have to

188、do is invite the right group of friends to attend. Some networking sites offer a range of quizzes and games, so friends living on opposite sides of the globe can invite each other to participate and compete in a variety of games without leaving their homes. _【答案】Social networking help people contact

189、 with others, even their playmates that they have lost touch with. It is also a way to find upcoming job opportunities. Whats more, it offers many games to a group of people who share common interests and hobbies. It is easy to organize an activity which is not limited by place.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍

190、社交网络的3个优点：第一，与朋友取得联系；第二，找工作；第三，提供许多游戏，有助于与志同道合的朋友组织活动。【详解】1.要点摘录The main reason is to stay in touch with other people.These sites also help people to find their childhood friends that they have lost touch with.It is actually a great way of finding out about upcoming job opportunities.These criteria

191、could be how close friends they are, common interests and hobbies or where they live.Some networking sites offer a range of quizzes and games, so friends living on opposite sides of the globe can invite each other to participate and compete in a variety of games without leaving their homes.2.缜密构思将1，

192、2两个要点进行重组，将4，5两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句These sites help people to stay in touch with others and find their childhood friends that they have lost touch with.Some networking sites offer a range of quizzes and games to people who have common interests and hobbies so that they can invite each other to participate

193、 and compete in a variety of games without leaving their homes.【点睛】高分句型1 Social networking help people contact with others, even their playmates that they have lost touch with.（运用了that引导的定语从句）高分句型2 It is easy to organize an activity which is not limited by place.（运用了It作形式主语，which引导定语从句）Translation (

194、20分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 77. 同学们一看到这些令人震惊的自然灾害的灾民的照片就自告奋筹款帮助发展中国家的弱势群体。（No sooner）（汉译英）【答案】No sooner had the students seen the pictures of the victims of these shocking natural disasters than they volunteered to raise mon

195、ey to help vulnerable people in developing countries.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型、时态、部分倒装和短语。根据提示，本句处理为no sooner.than.“一就”引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，当no sooner置于句首时主句要进行部分倒装；“同学们一看到这些令人震惊的自然灾害的灾民的照片”为主句，表达“这些令人震惊的自然灾害的灾民的照片”用the pictures of the victims of these shocking natural disasters；“自告奋筹款帮助发展中国家的弱势群体”为从句，“

196、自告奋勇做某事”表达为volunteer to do sth.，“筹钱”表达为raise money，“发展中国家的弱势群体”表达为vulnerable people in developing countries。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为No sooner had the students seen the pictures of the victims of these shocking natural disasters than they volunteered to raise money to help vulnerable people in developing countr

197、ies.78. 人们对高质量教育的需求和不够充足的教育资源之间的矛盾越来越明显，这一矛盾还有待解决。（remain）（汉译英）【答案】The contradiction between peoples demand for high-quality education and insufficient educational resources is becoming more and more obvious, which remains to be solved.【解析】【详解】考查时态，定语从句和固定短语。“人们对高质量教育的需求”翻译为“peoples demand for high-

198、quality education”，“不够充足的教育资源”翻译为“insufficient educational resources”，“和之间的矛盾”是the contradiction between.and.，“越来越明显”用现在进行时，翻译为“is becoming more and more obvious”，“这一矛盾还有待解决”用which引导非限制性定语从句，“某物有待”是remain to do，矛盾是被解决，因此“这一矛盾还有待解决”翻译为“which remains to be solved”，因此整句话翻译为“The contradiction between pe

199、oples demand for high-quality education and insufficient educational resources is becoming more and more obvious, which remains to be solved”。故答案为The contradiction between peoples demand for high-quality education and insufficient educational resources is becoming more and more obvious, which remain

200、s to be solved.79. 正如报道的那样，抗击疫情过程中无论医务人员们面临着怎样的挑战和困难，他们都坚守岗位。（stick）（汉译英）【答案】As is reported, in the process of fighting the epidemic, no matter what challenges and difficulties the medical staff were faced with, they stuck to their posts.【解析】【详解】考查从句、时态和短语。“正如报道的那样”可处理为as引导的定语从句，表达为as is reported；“他

201、们都坚守岗位”为主句，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，“坚持”表达为stick to，“岗位”表达为post，此处应用复数形式，表达各种岗位；“无论医务人员们面临着怎样的挑战和困难”处理为no matter+wh-引导的让步状语从句，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，“医护人员”表达为medical staff，“面临”表达为be faced with，“挑战和困难”表达为challenges and difficulties，修饰名词词组challenges and difficulties应用no matter what引导从句；“抗击疫情过程中”作状语，表达为in the process of

202、 fighting the epidemic。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为As has been reported, in the process of fighting the epidemic, no matter what challenges and difficulties the medical staff were faced with, they stuck to their posts.80. 压力大时，人们往往看有趣的电影来排遣诸如愤怒、悲伤或者恐惧的情绪，所以我们不能否认“欢笑有益健康”这一事实。（laugh away, 同位语从句）（汉译英）【答案】In times of

203、 stress, people tend to watch funny movies to laugh away feelings such as anger, sadness or fear, so theres no denying the fact that laughter is beneficial for health.【解析】【详解】考查句子结构，同位语从句。表示“压力大时”可使用短语in times of stress；表示“往往会做某事”可使用短语tend to do sth.；表示“排遣坏情绪”可使用提示短语 laugh away(一笑而过，一笑置之)；所以前面主句部分翻译

204、为In times of stress, people tend to watch funny movies to laugh away feelings such as anger, sadness or fear；表示“所以我们不能否认这一事实”使用so引导结果状语从句，翻译为so theres no denying the fact ，表示“欢笑有益健康”可按要求使用that引导同位语从句that laughter is beneficial for health.解释fact一词。故翻译为：In times of stress, people tend to watch funny movies to laugh away feelings such as anger, sadness or fear, so theres no denying the fact that laughter is beneficial for your health.听力：CACBCDDAACDBACCADCAB