2021-2022学年高中英语 Unit 3 A healthy life 单元素养培优（含解析）新人教版选修6.doc

1、单元素养培优(三) Unit 3. 单词拼写1. More and more people cannot bear the stress (压力) of modern life. 2. According to the law, drivers who are drunk are banned (禁止) from driving. 3. He was so addicted (入了迷的) to computers that his parents were worried about him very much. 4. This is a hospital for those people w

2、ho suffer mental (精神的) diseases. 5. Without any aid, the situation in this country will be desperate (绝望的). 6. He quit (辞去)his job after an argument with his boss. 7. In my opinion, the Internet does strengthen (加强)the relationships between my friends and me. 8. As we all know, there are few male (男

3、性)teachers in the kindergarten in China. 9. I tried to persuade him, but with little or no effect (效果). 10. This warm weather is abnormal (不正常的) for February. . 选词填空at risk, get into, be addicted to, be accustomed to, give up, take risks, due to, decide on, feel like, in spite of1. The project had t

4、o be abandoned due to lack of funds from the government. 2. Their lack of training could put members of the public at risk. 3. We are still trying to decide on a place to make a film in. 4. Do you feel like sharing your experience with the rest of your group? 5. They carried on with their experiment

5、 in spite of the lack of equipment. 6. Every time I get into trouble and turn to Tom, he will do everything to help me. 7. He is addicted to computer games, and that is why he has to drop out of school. 8. I am accustomed to eating five meals a day. 9. Japanese women usually give up their work after

6、 they get married. 10. He took risks to buy much gold. Unluckily, the price of gold has been dropping in the last three months. . 完成句子1. When asked why he was late for class, he kept silent. 当被问到为什么上课迟到时, 他保持沉默。2. We find it necessary to learn a foreign language in modern society. 我们发现在现代社会学习一门外语是很有

7、必要的。3. Every time she comes to see me, she always brings me some gifts. 她每次来看我总是带些礼物给我。4. It was in the street that the car accident happened the other day. 前几天发生的车祸就是在这条街上。5. He noticed that the bees dance was different in the afternoon from what it was in the morning. 他注意到蜜蜂在下午的舞蹈和早上不同。. 阅读理解AOrga

8、nic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels. However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product, then youd better save your m

9、oney. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products arent necessarily more nutritious, and theyre no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either. For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, in

10、cluding 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats. While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they d

11、id find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally

12、likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researc

13、hers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends. Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesnt always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U. S. Department of Agriculture(USDA) states that “wh

14、ether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste. ” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic. 【文章大意】本文为说明文。作者由人们花很多钱去购买有机食品入题, 提出有机食品并不是真的比传统食品更好, 并引用专家的调查结果证实有机食品并未比传统食品有更好的营养成分。1. What does the underlined sentence in the

15、first paragraph mean? A. Organic food helps you save money. B. Organic food contains much more nutrients. C. Organic food is worth the high price. D. Organic food is not always nutritious. 【解析】选D。 句意猜测题。根据上文可知, 如今, 不使用人工化学物质的有机食品越来越受欢迎。消费者愿意花两倍的钱购买带有有机标签的商品。However表示转折, 可知下文的内容与之相反, 由此可知, 画线部分表达的意思就

16、是这种有机产品并不一定就是更有营养的, 值得花两倍的钱。故D项“有机食品并不总是有营养的”符合题意, 故选D。2. Smith-Spangler and her colleagues found that . A. organic food could reduce the risk of heart diseaseB. traditional food was grown with more natural methodsC. both organic and traditional food they examined were safeD. there was not a presenc

17、e of any forms of bacteria in organic food【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第三段中第一、二句可知, 虽然研究人员发现有机水果和蔬菜的营养成分几乎没有差别, 但他们确实发现有机水果和蔬菜表面残留化学物质的可能性降低了20%。有机食品和传统食品的化学成分含量都没有高到超出食品安全标准。由此可知, Smith-Spangler和她的同事发现他们检测的有机食品和传统食品都是安全的。故选C。3. Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage? A. Organic

18、chicken and pork. B. Organic milk and chicken. C. Traditional chicken and pork. D. Traditional fruit and vegetables. 【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据第三段中第四句可知研究人员确实发现, 有机牛奶和鸡肉中omega-3脂肪酸的含量较高。omega-3脂肪酸是一种健康脂肪, 也存在于鱼类中, 可以降低患心脏病的风险。由此可知, 有机牛奶和鸡肉相对更健康。故选B。4. What is the authors attitude towards organic food? A. Doub

19、tful. B. Unconcerned. C. Positive. D. Supportive. 【解析】选A。 推理判断题。根据第一段中画线部分可知, 如果你认为花更多的钱买有机食品可以让你得到更有营养和更安全的产品, 那么你最好节约你的钱。以及最后一段中最后两句可知美国农业部(USDA)表示, “无论你买不买有机食品, 找到最新鲜的食物可能对味道影响最大。”新鲜食品至少和任何被标榜为有机食品的东西一样好。由此可推知, 作者在第一段提出人们不值得花过多的钱去买有机食品, 作者认为有机食品并不总是转化为更有营养或更健康的产品。并用美国农业部的观点来证明: 新鲜的食品至少与有机食品一样好。可知

20、作者是质疑的态度。故选A。 B(2021沈阳高二检测)I am in my 40s, but today I look more like a teenage girl. Not because Im wearing the latest fashion or having a wild hair day. Its because I have a pimple(青春痘) that looks like a volcano getting ready to erupt on my chin. “Mom, what is that? ” my 8-year-old daughter Lucy e

21、xclaimed, pointing at the ugly bump on my face. My in-laws were visiting and brought me a box of chocolatesone of my favorite foods. Eating properly seemed like a good idea until I was alone with that box of chocolates! I enjoyed them greatly, and my pimple proved my enthusiasm clearly. Food can be

22、a large block for me. Broccoli(西蓝花)seldom appeals to me, but baked goods with sugar or crispy chips certainly do. I have no problem dipping a large spoon into a jar of peanut butter or frosting to satisfy my desires. But you wont catch me tasting a spoonful of cottage cheese for a late-night snack.

23、Please dont misunderstand me. There is certainly a place for celebration foods such as cake and ice cream. But a regular serving of daily junk food robs me of the nutrition offered in the foods I eat. I know I feel better after eating an apple than I do after eating a candy bar. Its so easy in our s

24、ociety to eat processed food out of boxes, bags, and at the drive-thru. But that ease comes at a cost: We suffer physically. Our taste buds may be very, lack nutrition, which opens the door to diseases, Im trying to ask myself a few questions before reaching for a snack or making a meal: Is this rea

25、lly food? Is there something God made in it? Am I really hungry? Will I feel satisfied, but our bodies better after eating this? 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文由巧克力导致的痘痘展开, 主要讲述了作者的饮食习惯。5. What made the author feel she looked like a teenage girl? A. Her wild hair. B. Her ugly face. C. Her facial features. D. Her f

26、ashionable clothes. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中Its because I have a pimple that looks like a volcano getting ready to erupt on my chin. 可知那是因为我的下巴上长了个青春痘, 看起来就像一座即将喷发的火山。由此可知, 作者的下巴上长了青春痘, 这种面部特征使她看上去像十几岁的小姑娘。故选C。6. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. The author eats chocolates as food. B. Chocolates

27、may cause her pimples. C. The authors parents-in-law often visit her. D. The author eats chocolates to cure pimples. 【解析】选B。 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句I enjoyed them greatly, and my pimple proved my enthusiasm clearly. (我非常喜欢它们, 我的痘痘清楚地证明了我的热情。)可推知, 巧克力会引起青春痘。故选B。7. What do you think of the authors eating habi

28、t? A. It lacks protein. B. It isnt delicious. C. It makes her healthy. D. It isnt a balanced diet. 【解析】选D。 细节理解题。根据第五段中But a regular serving of daily junk food robs me of the nutrition offered in the foods I eat. (但是每天定期吃垃圾食品会使我失去我所吃的食物所提供的营养。)可知, 作者吃的垃圾食品没有营养, 其饮食习惯不是一个均衡的饮食。故选D。8. What is the auth

29、ors attitude towards processed food? A. Favorable. B. Optimistic. C. Positive. D. Critical. 【解析】选D。 推理判断题。根据第六段中But that ease comes at a cost: We suffer physically. Our taste buds may be very, lack nutrition, which opens the door to diseases(但这种放松是有代价的: 我们身体上承受着痛苦。我们的味蕾可能非常缺乏营养, 这为疾病打开了大门)可推知, 作者对加工

30、过的食品持批评态度。故选D。 . 完形填空Everyone needs water and a diet 1 healthy foods. These foods should 2 some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on. People need energy to live. They eat all kinds of foods 3 change into energy. Our bodies use different 4 of energy. The energy is measured in calories(卡路里). The m

31、ore 5 we take, the more calories we burn. Even when you are 6, you are using energy-about 65 calories an hour. While you are at school, or walking home, your body is 7 up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour. On 8 Day, during the relay ra

32、ce, you will use most of all, perhaps as 9 as 650 calories an hour. The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is 10 in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many 11 countries in the world. That is 1

33、2 lots of people in China have white teeth. People in the Western world do not eat 13 healthy foods. They eat too much fat and sugar and dont take 14 exercise. Because of this, they 15 very easily. In order to 16 with the quick pace of their life and work, they eat a lot of fast food. They eat a lot

34、 of sweets, soft drinks, potato crisps, chocolates, butter, ice creams and so on, 17 are called 18 food by some epicureans(美食家). The result is that many of them become fat. In order to avoid 19 fat and 20 it is advisable(明智的) to eat a balanced diet and not eat too many foods that have a high calorie

35、 rate. 【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了我们的饮食和健康之间的关系, 呼吁我们要摄入平衡的饮食, 保持身体健康。1. A. above B. of C. at D. over【解析】选B。句意: 每个人都需要水和健康的饮食。a diet of 的饮食, 该短语是固定短语, 故选B。2. A. includeB. holdC. containD. make up【解析】选C。句意: 这些食物应该包含一些脂肪、纤维、一点盐等等。include包括; hold持有; contain包含; make up组成。表示“包含某种成分”应用动词contain。include表示“包括”, 如果用

36、include, 其后应接不同种类的食物, 而不是食物的成分, 故选C。3. A. whichB. whatC. whereD. it【解析】选A。句意: 他们吃各种各样能转化为能量的食物。 change into energy是一个定语从句, 先行词是all kinds of foods, 关系词在从句中作主语, 指物, 所以用关系代词which, 故选A。4. A. numbersB. amountsC. plentyD. deal【解析】选B。句意: 我们的身体用不同数量的能量。numbers数量; amounts数量; plenty大量; deal交易。 amount表示“数量”, 修

37、饰不可数名词; 而number表示数量时修饰可数名词。故选B。5. A. exerciseB. exercisesC. sportD. game【解析】选A。句意: 我们做的运动越多, 我们燃烧的卡路里越多。take exercise表示“锻炼”, 此时exercise是不可数名词, 故选A。6. A. sleepyB. runningC. workingD. asleep【解析】选D。此处表示“即使当你睡觉的时候, 也在消耗能量”。醒着的情况下, 消耗能量是正常的, 由空前的Even可想到用asleep。sleepy困乏的; running 流动的; working工作; asleep睡着的

38、, 故选D。7. A. runningB. addingC. burningD. wasting【解析】选C。句意: 当你在学校里, 或者走路回家时, 你的身体每小时燃烧100卡路里的热量。running运转; adding增加; burning燃烧; wasting浪费, 故选C。8. A. ChildrenB. WorkC. SportsD. Sport【解析】选C。由下面的the relay race可知这里意思是在运动会的接力赛中, 你用得最多, 可能每小时燃烧高达650卡路里热量。Children孩子; Work工作; Sports运动会; Sport运动, 故选 C。9. A. m

39、uchB. manyC. fewD. little【解析】选A。句意: 在运动会的接力赛中, 你用得最多, 可能每小时高达650卡路里热量。as much as修饰不可数名词, 表示“多达”, 故选A。10. A. poorB. lowC. richD. plenty【解析】选C。句意: 它富含纤维, 并且糖和脂肪含量低。poor贫穷的; low低的; rich富有的; plenty大量, 故选C。11. A. moreB. otherC. restD. others【解析】选B。句意: 中国人吃的糖比世界上许多其他国家的人少。相对于中国来说, 用other countries表示“其他国家”

40、。 more更多的; other其他的; rest休息; others其他人, 故选B。12. A. whyB. becauseC. because ofD. since【解析】选A。本句表示“那就是很多中国人牙齿白的原因”, 应用why。because和since后面接表示原因的句子, because of后面不能接句子, 故选A。13. A. soB. veryC. muchD. such【解析】选D。句意: 西方世界的人不吃这样的健康食品。such healthy foods指上文所述的中国饮食。so不修饰名词; very与句意不符, 而much修饰不可数名词, 故选D。14. A. a

41、 number ofB. too muchC. masses ofD. enough【解析】选D。此处表示“参加的锻炼不足”。a number of许多, 修饰可数名词; too much太多, 表程度过分; masses of大量, 许多; enough足够的, 故选D。15. A. lose weightB. put on weightC. dieD. stay healthy【解析】选B。“吃的脂肪和糖分过多”和“参加锻炼不足”是身体发胖的原因。lose weight减肥; put on weight体重增加; die死亡; stay healthy保持健康, 故选B。16. A. ke

42、ep upB. carry onC. keep onD. go on【解析】选A。句意: 为了跟上他们工作和生活的快节奏, 他们吃许多快餐。keep up with为固定短语, 意思是“跟上”, 故选A。17. A. asB. theseC. whichD. they【解析】选C。“ are called food by some epicureans”是一个非限制性定语从句, a lot of sweets, soft drinks, potato crisps, chocolates, butter, ice creams and so on是先行词, 关系词在从句中作主语, 指物, as

43、也可以引导非限制性定语从句, 但as通常指前面的句子, 故选C。18. A. badB. diseasedC. healthyD. junk【解析】选D。糖果、软饮料、巧克力等都属于junk food(垃圾食品)。bad坏的; diseased患病的; healthy健康的; junk垃圾, 故选D。19. A. to getB. becomingC. to becomeD. get【解析】选B。句意: 为了避免变胖和保持身体健康, 吃均衡的饮食和不要吃太多高热量的食物是明智的。动词avoid后接动词-ing, 故选B。20. A. keep thinB. keep fitC. stay ca

44、lmD. fall ill【解析】选B。空前and连接并列的成分, 此处keep fit与前面的avoid并列。keep fit保持身体健康; keep thin保持瘦身; stay calm保持冷静; fall ill生病, 故选B。 . 语法填空(2021西安高二检测)Scientists from Britain and Kenya may have found a way to control malaria (疟疾) and possibly destroy one of the worlds most dangerous 1. (disease). The scientists s

45、ay they have found a microbe (微生物) that prevents mosquitoes from being infected with the organism 2. causes the disease. A report on the research was published in Nature Communications. It says the microbe 3. (complete) protects the insects from infection. The microbe 4. (call) Microsporidia MB. The

46、 scientists found it inside the body of mosquitoes 5. (live) around Lake Victoria in Kenya. Experts say they do not know how the microbe prevents the mosquitoes from carrying the malaria. But they suspect that it affects the mosquitos 6. (nature) defenses so the insect does not become 7. (infect). T

47、he researchers say the next step is to study ways to release the microbe-carrying mosquitoes 8. the wild. Malaria kills about 400, 000 people every year. The disease spreads to people through mosquito bites. Mosquito nets and insect-killing chemicals 9. (help) people fight against malaria over the p

48、ast 20 years. This is especially the case in African countries south of the Sahara Desert. 10. , mosquitoes in some areas are becoming resistant to chemical products. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that the number of malaria deaths could reach 769, 000 or higher this year. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明

49、文。文章主要介绍了来自英国和肯尼亚的科学家发现了一种微生物微孢子虫MB, 这种微生物可以防止蚊子感染导致疟疾的病原虫。他们将研究如何将携带微生物的蚊子释放到野外, 以希望能消灭世界上最危险的疾病之一疟疾。1. 【解析】diseases。考查名词复数。句意: 来自英国和肯尼亚的科学家可能已经找到了控制疟疾的方法, 并且有可能消灭世界上最危险的疾病之一。分析可知, 该短语结构为: one+of+形容词最高级+名词复数, 所填空应是名词复数形式。故填diseases。2. 【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。句意: 科学家们说, 他们发现了一种微生物, 可以防止蚊子感染导致这种疾病的微生物。

50、分析可知, “ causes the disease”应是之前名词“the organism”的定语从句, 先行词在从句中作主语, 应用关系代词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。3. 【解析】completely。考查副词。句意: 该报告表示, 这种微生物可以完全保护昆虫不受感染。分析可知, 副词作状语修饰动词“protects”。故填completely。4. 【解析】is called。考查动词时态和语态。句意: 这种微生物被称为微孢子虫MB。分析可知, 所填空应是句子谓语, 结合文章时态应是一般现在时, 且动词与之前主语之间为被动关系, 应用一般现在时的被动语态:

51、am/is/are done, 主语为第三人称单数形式。故填is called。5. 【解析】living。考查非谓语动词。句意: 科学家们在肯尼亚维多利亚湖附近的蚊子体内发现了这种微生物。分析可知, 句子谓语为found, 因此所填空应是非谓语结构, 为之前名词“mosquitoes”的后置定语, 与其之间为主动关系, 应用现在分词形式。故填living。6. 【解析】natural。考查形容词。句意: 但是他们怀疑它影响了蚊子的自然防御, 这样昆虫就不会被感染。分析可知, 所填空应是形容词作定语, 修饰之后的名词“defenses”。故填natural。7. 【解析】infected。考查

52、形容词。句意: 但是他们怀疑它影响了蚊子的自然防御, 这样昆虫就不会被感染。分析可知, 空前become为连系动词, 之后应用形容词作表语。故填infected。8. 【解析】into/to。考查介词。句意: 研究人员说, 下一步是研究如何将携带微生物的蚊子释放到野外。release sth. into/to. . . , 固定结构, 意为“把某物释放到”。故填into/to。9. 【解析】have helped。考查动词时态。句意: 蚊帐和杀虫化学品在过去20年帮助人们抗击疟疾。分析可知, 所填空为句子谓语, 主语与谓语动词之间为主动关系, 根据句子时间状语“over the past 20

53、 years”可知, 应是现在完成时, 且主语“Mosquito nets and insect-killing chemicals”为并列结构, 谓语应用have done。故填have helped。10. 【解析】However。考查副词。句意: 然而, 一些地区的蚊子对化学产品产生了抗药性。分析前两句可知, 蚊帐和杀虫化学品在过去20年帮助人们抗击疟疾。撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲国家尤其如此。表达了对蚊帐和杀虫化学品的认可, 而空后“mosquitoes in some areas are becoming resistant to chemical products”提及一些地区的蚊子开始

54、对化学产品产生抗药性, 由此判断前后之间为转折关系, 应用转折副词however置于句首。故填However。. 微写作根据提示写一篇80词左右的文章。1. 众所周知, 健康的生活源于好的习惯。(due to)2. 烟瘾、酒瘾都会使你很容易感染疾病。(be addicted to)3. 你不应该冒生病危险去尝试它们。(take the risk of)4. 为了保持健康, 应习惯于早起。(be accustomed to)5. 每天锻炼半小时, 增强体质。(strengthen)_【参考范文】As is known to us all, a healthy life is due to goo

55、d habits. If you are addicted to smoking or drinking, you will be infected with illnesses easily. You shouldnt take the risk of being ill to try them. In order to be healthy, you should be accustomed to getting up early. You should do some exercise for about half an hour to strengthen your body every day.