南京师范大学附属实验学校2012届高三英语语法专题复习讲义14.doc

1、高三英语语法专题复习讲义（14）Part 1高考高频短语（14）1. He is such a man who is always _ fault with other people.（05安徽） A. putting B. seeking C. finding D. looking for2. If anyone happens to drop in while I am out, _ him or her leave a message. （05福建） AhaveBgetCaskDtell3. They started off late and got to the airport wit

2、h minutes to_ . （05湖北） AspareBcatch CleaveDmake4. In our childhood, we were often _ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners. （05江苏） A. demanded B. reminded C. allowed D. hoped5. Modern plastics can _ very high and very low temperatures. （05山东） A. standB. holdC. carryD. support6. The company

3、 is starting a new advertising campaign to _ new customers to its stores. （05上海） A. join B. attract C. stickD. transfer7. I was just talking to Margot when Jackson _. （05湖南） A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up 8. Kathy_ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native buys and girls. （05安徽） A. pic

4、ked up B. took up C. made up D. turned up 9. Its the present situation in poor areas that _ much higher spending on education and training. （05北京） A. answers for B. provides for C. calls for D. plans for10. The dictionary is being printed and it will soon _.（05福建） Aturn outBcome outCstart outDgo out

5、11. John is leaving for London tomorrow and I will _ him _ at the airport. （05广东） A. send . away B. leave . off C. see . off D. show . around12. To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it _ into parts. （05湖北） AdownBupCoffDout13. This picture was taken a long time ago . I wonder if

6、you can_ my father. （05湖北） Afind outBpick out Clook outDspeak out 14. Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _ jokes. （05江苏） A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up15. Please tell me how the accident _. I am still in the dark. （05江西） Acame byBcame uponCc

7、ame toDcame aboutPart 2 Grammar: 特殊句式I Analysis 反意疑问句1、一般原则：前肯定，后否定；前否定，后肯定。 He likes playing football, doesnt he?/ You dont watch TV in the evening, do you?注意：- She doesnt speak English, does she?- Yes, she does. 不，他讲英语的。(No , she doesnt. 是的，他不讲英语。)2、祈使句 will you? / shall we? 也用wont you/ shant we?

8、Lend me a hand, _? Dont make any noise, _? Lets ., _? Let us / me ., _?3、关于有否定意义的副词时hardly, no , not ,never , seldom, little, scarcely, rarely , no, few等用于句子中，反意部分用肯定式。 They hardly goes home on Sundays, does he? The little child seldom tells lies, does he?注意：在一个词前后加词缀（dis-,im-,un-,ir-,il-,mis-;-less

9、）构成的句子不应该看作为否定句子，因此反意疑问的部分还是用否定式。You dislike the way he speaks, dont you? Its impossible to finish the task in two hours, isnt it?4、表示推测、判断意义的情况 He must know both English and French, _? musnt he / doesnt he She must have known the answer to the question, _? hasnt she / mustnt she Tom must be inside

10、now, _? isnt he / musnt he5、关于主句和宾语从句的反意句式； He said we would have an English exam soon, didnt he? Zhang Hua didnt tell you anything about that, did he?注意：句子主语是第一人称时， 谓语动词又表示思维活动的动词时，后接宾语从句，反意部分要对宾语从句反意。We believe that the weather will turn fine, wont it? I dont think that he is able to finish it, is

11、 he?其他几种情况：1）陈述部分谓语是wish , 疑问部分用 may. I wish to have a talk with you, _?2 )陈述部分谓语是used to,疑问部分用 didnt +主语/usednt +主语 He used to take photos there, _?3)陈述部分谓语有 had better ,疑问部分用 hadnt you Youd better read it by yourself, _?4)陈述部分谓语 would rather,疑问部分用wouldnt +主语 He would rather read it ten times than

12、recite it, _?5)陈述部分Youd like to do ,疑问部分用 wouldnt +主语Youd like to go to the park with me next time,_?6) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone,somebody,nobody, no one等 ,疑问部分常用 复数they,有时也用he . Everyone knows the answer, _/ _?7) 反意疑问句中need / dare作情态动词时，用neednt/darent + 主语，作行为动词时，用dont / doesnt / didnt + 主语 We n

13、eed not do it again, need we? He dare not say so , _? She doesnt dare to go home alone, _?8）就近原则的词组：neithernor, eitheror, not only but also, notbut,句子的谓语动词要与靠近的主语一致，在反意时，必须把两个主语同时包含进去。Neither he nor she is a student, _?9） 陈述部分有few/none/nowhere/ never/hardly/seldom等否定词，问句用肯定 She seldom tells a lie, d

14、oes she?10）否定词缀un- / im- /in- /dis- 构成的词仍视为肯定Your father is unhappy, isnt he? 11）主从复合句的反意问句（1）一般: 与主句一致 They all think that English is very important, dont they? （2）特殊：当陈述部分为“I/We (dont) think/believe/ consider/ + that从句”时，与从句保持一致I think that he has done his best, hasnt he? We dont believe that the

15、news is true, is it? 12）祁使句的反意问句，一般用 “will you”, 表委婉请求或邀请时，可用“wont you”You feed the bird today, will you? Dont make any noise, will you? 比较：Let us stop to rest, will you? Lets go home together, shall we? 13）情态动词表猜测的句子的反意问句，与其不表猜测时一样He might have left his pen in the classroom yesterday, didnt he? (不表

16、猜测时为He left his pen，didnt he?) He must have waited for a long time, _hasnt he_ ? (不表猜测时为He has waited for a long time, hasnt he?) 14）.He used to live in the country, didnt / usednt he? To do one good deed is easy for a person, isnt it? Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?There are

17、 two cakes on the plate, arent there? Youd better finish your homework now, hadnt you? 15）. 反意问句或反诘句的答语都应遵循前后一致的原则, 其意义应看后半部分。-It didnt rain last night, did it? -Yes, it did, for the ground is wet.-She never sleeps at class. -_Yes. Sometimes she does.省略结构省略句是高考考查的语法重点，又是学习的难点。在英语中，为了使句子简洁明快，突出重点，常用省

18、略句，只要不影响句意的表达，能省略的成分尽可能省略。省略现象随处可见,大致可分为以下几种情况。 一、句子成分的省略 1. 省略主语。如: Havent seen you for ages!好久不见了! 2.省略谓语。如： (Is there) Anything you want? 3. 省略宾语。如： I dont know (where he is ). 我不知道。 4.省略主语和谓语（或谓语的一部分），只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其它成分。如： (Im) Afraid I cant come. Its a long time since I saw my sister.（2007全国卷1） _

19、her this weekend? A. Why not visit B. Why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why dont visit 二、复合句的省略 1.在含有状语从句的复合句中： 由when，while，as, once，whenever引导的时间状语从句；或由if，unless引导的条件状语从句；由though，although，even if ，even though引导的让步状语从句；由as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句；由because引导的原因状语从句；由wherever引导的地点状语从句，若从句的主句是it

20、或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。例如： When (she was) asked , she didnt answer a word. 当她被问到的时候，她一句话也说不上来。 Water can be changed into vapor if (it is ) heated. 水如果被加热就能变成水蒸气。 【高考链接】We all know that, _, the situation will get worse. （2007全国卷1） A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt wit

21、h C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with 2.在限定性定语从句中：作宾语的关系代词that，which, whom可以省略；在以the same. as和such. as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that，in which。 例如： All you ever want to do is going shopping. Do you have anything to say for yourselves? Yes，theres one point_ we

22、 must insist on.(NMET2006江西卷) Awhy Bwhere Chow D/ 3.宾语从句的省略。如： Having checked the doors were closed , and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (2007湖南卷) A. why B. that C. when D. where 三、 并列句的省略 在并列句中,如果后面的分句,与前面的分句有相同的部分,这一部分则常被省略掉,以免重复。如: He teaches English and his br

23、other maths. 他教英语, 他的哥哥教数学。 He has made a lot of films,but _ good ones.（2007北京卷） A.any B. some C. few D. many 四、肯定结构 So+助动词/情态动词+主语句型。这一结构用来表示相同概念，即前面所说的情况也同样适用于另一人或物，意思是“同样”、“也那样”，常理解为倒装结构。如： My room gets very cold at night.(2007江苏卷) _. A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does 注意

24、：有时可用so代替名词性从句,以避免重复前面所说的内容,可以用于这类结构的动词有think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, guess, hope等.肯定回答结构为主语+动词+so,否定回答结构为主语+助动词否定形式+动词+so或主语+动词+not。但动词为hope, guess时,否定回答只能说hope (guess) not,不能说dont hope (guess) so。 Will you be able to finish your respect today? .（NMET2006全国卷II，6） A. I like it B. I hope

25、so C. Ill do so D. Id love it 五、在否定结构中 由nor，neither等引导的连续否定的句子也是一种省略句，这种句子在意思上与前面的句子是相同的，而且主谓用倒装。例如： If Joe s wife won t go to the party, _.（2007全国卷2） A. he will either B. neither will he C.he neithe will D. either he will 六、不定式的省略 1. 在see, watch, hear, feel, observe, notice, look at, listen to等感观动词

26、及使役动词let ,make ,have 后的宾语+动词不定式作宾语补足语的结构中，不定式符号to须省略，但这类结构变成被动语态时，其后的不定式要还原加上to。如： The children were made to work more than 16 hours a day. Excuse me sir,where is Room 301? (2007北京卷） Just a minute.Ill have Bob _you to your room. A.show B.shows C. to show D. showing 2. 系动词（be）+形容词，即be afraid / ready

27、/ glad / happy / willing等后面接不定式时有时为了避免重复，常省略与上文表达相同意思的不定式符号to之后的内容，只保留不定式符号，例如： Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? Not at all. _ . (NMET1995) A. Ive no time B. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Ill be happy to 3. mean, try, want, would like, would love, afford等后面接不定式时：

28、 【高考链接】Why havent you bought any butter ? I _ to but I forgot about it. ( 2001北京春季) A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected 4. tell, warn, order, advise, ask等动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时： The students want to enter the lab, but the monitor advises them not to (enter the lab). The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in

29、 the street, but his mother told him _ . (NMET1995) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to II Practice 1. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. （10安徽）A. where B. that C. when D. which2. Johns success has nothing to do wi

30、th good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today. （10湖南）A. why B. when C. which D. that3. I have seldom seen my mother _ pleased with my progress as she is now . （10全国）A. so B. very C. too D. rather4. I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain. w_w w. k

31、#s5_u.c o*mwhy not consult with Frank? You see, _.（10江苏）A great minds think alike B two heads are better than oneC a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush D its better to think twice before doing something5If you have a job， yourself to it and finally youll succeed（10四川 Ado devote Bdont devote C

32、devoting Dnot devoting6.John opened the door . There _ he had never seen before. （10陕西） A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl7The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if regularly, can improve our health.（10浙江） A being carried out Bcarrying out Ccarried

33、 out Dto carry out 8. When youve finished with that book, dont forget to put it back one the shelf, _? 2007年北京卷A. do you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you9. If you talk nice and polite, people listen to you. If you shout, this is no good, ? 2007上海春季招生A do youBdont youCis itDisnt it10.I m sure you

34、d rather she went to school by bus, _? (06福建卷)A. hadnt you B. wouldnt t you C. arent I D. didnt she11Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, _she? (06广东卷) A. had B. did C. hadnt D. didnt12 We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _. (06全国二) A. do you B. can w

35、e C. will youD. shall we13 He never said that he was good at mathematics, _?（05北京春招） A. was he B. wasnt he C. did he D. didnt he14 There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, _?（05上海） A. wasnt there B. was thereC. didnt itD. did it 15 There is no light in the dorm

36、itory. They must have gone to the lecture, _? (04上海春招) A. didnt they B. dont they C. mustnt they D. havent they 16 Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, _? (04上海) A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt be D. is he 17 If you want help -money or anything, let me know, _

37、you? (2003上海春) A. dont B. will C. shall D. do18 -Sorry, Joe. I didnt mean to. (2003全国)-Dont call me Joe. Im Mr. Parker to you, and _you forget it! A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont19 Brian told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time, ? (2002上海春) A. was there B. wasnt there C. didnt be D. d

38、id he20 I dont suppose anyone will volunteer _?(2001上海) A. do I B. dont I C. will they D. wont they21.（2011辽宁卷）33. _ a strange plant! Ive never seen it before. A. Which B. What C. How D. Whether22. (2011上海卷) 30. It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party, _?A. doesnt itB. does itC. dont the

39、yD. do they23. （2011重庆卷）28.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, _ ?A. could he B. didnt I C. didnt you D. could they24. （2011浙江卷）3. Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures some _a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had C. have D. to have Part 3 综合能力训练（2011北京卷）CStudents

40、and Technology in the ClassroomI love my blackberryits my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me . I also love my laptop computer ，as it holds all of my writing and thoughts .Despite this love of technology ,I know that there are times when I need to move away from these

41、devices（设备） and truly communicat with others.On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas .Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ide

42、as with each other in the classroom ,I have a rule no laptop, iPads ,phones ,etc .When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy . Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology . T

43、heres a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology . Theres no truth in that at all . I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in

44、which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas . I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to thi

45、nk differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion .Ive been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create .Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge,

46、 they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom . Im not saying that I wont ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change ,Im sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just

47、 too sweet to give up.63.Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with_A. the course material B. others misuse of technology C. discussion topics D. the authors class regulations 64.The underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means _A. explore B. accept C. change D. reject 65.Accor

48、ding to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may _A. keep students from doing independent thinking B. encourage students to have in-depth conversationsC. help students to better understand complex themes D. affect students concentration on course evaluation66.It can be inferred from th

49、e last paragraph that the author _A. is quite stubborn B. will give up teaching history C. will change his teaching plan soon D. values technology-free dialogues in his class 参考答案Part 1 Phrase: CAABA BAACB CABCDPart21答案：B. 考点：本题考查强调句型。解析：迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句that she had bought in the village。2.答案：D考点：

50、考查强调句型。解析：题干为强调句型，被强调部分为years of hard work，故选D项。3.答案：A句意：我很少看到妈妈像现在一样为我的进步如此开心。解答：此题考察soas.的固定结构，题干中的关键词是as，译为“像.一样，正如.一样”。因此选择A。4.答案：B. 解析：B 表示三个臭皮匠凑成诸葛亮./ A 英雄所见略同./C 一鸟在手胜于二鸟在林./ D.三思而后行.5答案：A考点：考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句+and+将来时句子”的固定搭配。解析：此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选A。句意为：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。”w_w w.

51、 k#s5_u.c o*m6答案：D.解析：考查特殊句式。Here, There, Thus, Then等副词位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句，选D。7. 答案：C考点：本题考查if条件句中的省略情况。解析：本句的句子的主语是the experiment；谓语动词是shows；that引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主干事：proper amounts of exercise can improve our health，if_ regularly是插入的条件从句，从句的主语是proper amounts of exercise，此时应用it代替前面提到的主语，条件句的主语与主句的主语一致，并且含有is，故省略了it is，完整形式是：if it is carried out。句意为：这项实验表明，适当的运动，如果有规律的进行，能够有助于我们的身体健康。8-20 CCBDC CADAB DCC BBBAPart3 DAAD.精品资料。欢迎使用。高考资源网w。w-w*k&s%5￥u高考资源网w。w-w*k&s%5￥u