2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 课时作业7 UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION 教学 知识细解码（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第四册.doc

1、课时分层作业(七).单词拼写1They became farmers and merchants(商人)，worked in mills and big companies.2This year they have introduced three new products to extend(扩展) their range.3Secretary of State John Hay had negotiated(达成) a series of peace treaties.4He was a good painter，but not in the same league(水平) as Pica

2、sso.5After the Norman Conquest the forest became a royal(王室的) hunting preserve.6I told him if he withdrew(退出), it was on his own account.7The company provides more than 20 freetoair channels(频道)8The bond(关系) of brotherhood was one to last from the cradle to the grave.9He closed down the business and

3、 went into politics(政治)10He was the best boxer in the tournament(联赛).阅读理解ASay the phrase “female environmental pioneers，” and among the names you will hear Rachel Carson，who wrote about pesticides；chimpanzee expert Jane Goodall；and 17yearold climatechange activist Greta Thunberg.To mark Womens Histo

4、ry Month，Kidspost is sharing the story of an environmental pioneer who is not that famous but equally remarkable.At age 3，Sylvia Earle found her lifelong passion while playing on a beach.A wave suddenly came up and knocked her over.“My mother.saw the big smile on my face and let me run back in，” Ear

5、le told a TV interviewer years later.“And Ive been running back in ever since.”Earle is now 84 years old and has spent a lifetime exploring the worlds oceans and working to protect them from pollution，overfishing and other threats.She is a pioneer in using scuba gear.Scuba gear lets divers take brea

6、th underwater.She holds the world record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1，250 feet.This means she was not tied to anything when she was walking underwater.During this exploration，she planted a US.flag.In 1998，Time magazine gave Earle its first Heroes for the Planet award.She w

7、as the first female chief scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)It is a US.ocean and atmosphere group.She was also elected to the National Womens Hall of Fame.Earle has spent her life teaching people about the ocean.She notes how much it affects the weather，and what

8、we eat and drink.She has something to say to those who dont understand why the ocean matters.“They should know that with every breath they take，every drop of water they drink，the ocean is touching them，” Earle says.“You should treat the ocean as if your life depends on itbecause it does.”【语篇解读】这是一篇新

9、闻报道。文章主要讲述了Sylvia Earle，一位一生都致力于探索海洋，保护海洋的女性环保先锋的事迹。她提出了海洋对于人类的重要性。1What does Earles lifelong passion refer to?ATeaching people how to dive.BWriting articles for magazines.CExploring and protecting oceans.DProviding equipment for divers.C细节理解题。第四段内容“Earle is now 84 years old.overfishing and other th

10、reats”可知，已经84岁的她一生致力于探索海洋，保护海洋。因此可知，她酷爱的是探索和保护海洋。故选C项。2What do we know about Earle from the text?AEarle is a world record holder.BEarles mother is in support of her work.CEarle is a remarkable British ocean explorer.DEarle is the only female chief scientist at NOAA.A细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“She holds the wor

11、ld record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1，250 feet.”可知，她还保持着在1 250英尺深的海底自由行走的世界纪录。故选A项。3Which of the following words can best describe Earle?ABrave and conservative.BDevoted and courageous.CDetermined and rigid.DAmbitious and modest.B推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段中的“Earle is now 84 years

12、old .when she was walking underwater.”可知，她一生都致力于海洋探索和海洋保护，是一个有献身精神的人；同时，无束缚的情况之下在水下1 250英尺深的海底自由行走，说明她是一个勇敢的人。故选B项。4Which of the following statements will Earle agree with according to the text?APeople should stop overfishing and eating seafood.BThe ocean plays a significant role in humans life.CThe

13、 weather has a farreaching effect on the ocean.DThe exploration of the ocean can be done without limit.B细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“She has something to say to.because it does.”可知，她认为海洋对于人类来说是很重要的。故选B项。BA study has warned that seafood supplies from the worlds oceans could be almost gone by the middle of the cen

14、tury.The researchers say there has already been a breakdown in wild populations of almost one third of currently fished seafoods.The study says that means their catch has fallen by ninety percent from their highest level.Boris Worm of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia，Canada led the intentional te

15、am that did the study.Professor Worm says species have recently been disappearing from oceans at an increasing speed.At this rate he says all seafood species could collapse by 2048.Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments.But not everyone

16、thinks the oceans are likely to be empty in fifty years.Some scientists say parts of the world do have problems but others are doing a good job of protecting fish populations.Government officials in several countries with large fishing industries also questioned the research.The study appeared earli

17、er this month in Science magazine.The researchers say damage to oceans affects not only fish populations but also the productivity of ecosystems.These complex systems help control water quality.The scientists say the loss of different kinds of sea life appears to increase the risk of fish kills and

18、beach closures from harmful algae growth.The scientists examined the results of thirtytwo experiments and observed fortyeight protected areas.They also looked at records of catches worldwide.They studied records from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization from 1950 to 2003.And they exa

19、mined archaeological information and other historical records for twelve coastal areas.That research reached back over a thousand years.Boris Worm says the findings are，in his words，“beyond anything we suspected.” But he also says the situation is not too late to correct.He says that with good fishe

20、ries management，some species could completely recover in three to ten years.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一项研究警告说，到本世纪中叶，来自世界海洋的海产品供应可能几乎消失，其他研究也对过度捕捞的危险和对海洋环境的影响提出了警告。但是也有人对研究提出了质疑，有些地区在保护鱼类种群方面做得很好。如果渔业管理得当，一些物种可以在3到10年内完全恢复。5The underlined word “their” in the first paragraph most probably mean AresearchersBfishe

21、rmensCseafoodsDthe oceansC词义猜测题。根据第一段“The researchers say there has already been a breakdown in wild populations of almost one third of currently fished seafoods.”可知，their指的是“海产品的”。故选C项。6Which of the following is true according to the passage?AAll the scientists dont believe that all seafood species

22、 will disappear very soon.BMost government officials disagree to the seafooddisappearing research.CSome scientists are doing a good job of protecting fish populations.DIts too late to take any action to improve the situation.A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But not everyone thinks the oceans are likely to be empty i

23、n fifty years.”不是所有的人都认为50年内海洋会枯竭。可知并不是所有的科学家都相信所有的海鲜物种都会很快消失。故选A项。7According to Boris Worm， Asome people are doing a good job of protecting fish populationsBoverfishing is one of the causes for the loss of seafood speciesCthings are getting worse though efforts can be madeDsome more species will co

24、me into being with right measuresB推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments.”和最后一段中的“He says that with good fisheries management，some species could completely recover in three to ten years”可知，据鲍里斯沃姆说，过度捕捞是导致海产品物种灭绝的原因之一。故选B项。8

25、What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo call on people to protect the ocean environment.BTo introduce a study about the disappearing of seafoods.CTo report different opinions about the seafood research.DTo criticize the present fisheries management.B主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章讲的是研究表明过度捕捞会使海产品供应几乎消失，也对海洋环境有影

26、响，由此判断出，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一项关于海产品消失的研究。故选B项。.阅读七选五As long as we have been on earth，we have used the sea around us.We take from the ocean，and we give to it.We take fishes from the oceanmillions of kilograms of fish，every year，to feed millions of people. 1 We take minerals from the ocean.One way to get salt

27、 is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates(蒸发) 2 Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea，too.But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation.Other gifts from the sea are pearls，sponges(海绵) and seaweed.Pearls become jewelry. 3 Seaweed becom

28、es food of many kindseven candy，and ice creamas well as medicine.Believe it or not，fresh water is another gift from the sea.We cannot drink ocean water. 4 But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed.In the future，we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from t

29、he sea.The sea gives us food，fertilizer，minerals，water，and other gifts.What do we give the sea？Garbage. 5 Huge as it is，the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it.Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life.Yet as the world population grows，we may need the sea and its gifts

30、more than ever.We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas，we might also destroy ourselves.Hopefully，it is not too late.AWe even use their bones for fertilizer.BSome of its contents may cause illness.CNatural sponges become cleaning aids.DThe area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller.E

31、Along with salt，other minerals are left after evaporation.FWe pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump.GWe take a lot from the ocean and give little to the sea.【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了我们生活的环境周围都是海洋，我们从海洋中得到许多的矿物质，人们越来越依赖海洋的资源，但是人们却不断地污染海洋，作者希望人们减少海洋污染。1A根据上文“We take fishes from the oceanmilli

32、ons of kilograms of fish，every year，to feed millions of people.”提到我们从海洋里获取许多鱼，当然包括鱼的骨头，这一段在讲鱼对于人类的好处，A项与上文形成递进关系。2E根据上文“We take minerals from the ocean.One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporate.”可知蒸发海水可以得到盐，当然也可以得到除盐之外的其他矿物质。E项承接上文，符合题意。3C根据空前 “Other

33、 gifts from the sea are pearls，sponges and seaweed.Pearls become jewelry.”以及空后“Seaweed becomes food of many kindseven candy，and ice creamas well as medicine。”故设空处应讲海绵的用途。结合选项，C项承上启下，符合题意。4B根据上文“We cannot drink ocean water.”我们不能喝海水，由此可知，海水有坏的影响。B项承接上文，符合题意。5F根据上文“What do we give the sea？Garbage.”我们给了海洋什么？垃圾！由此可知，我们一直在污染着海洋，F项当我们把海洋当作垃圾堆时，我们会污染海洋，承上启下，符合题意。6