2019高考英语一轮基础步练Unit14Careers含解析北师大版必修5.doc

1、Unit 14 Careers李仕才【阅读理解】Hillary Clinton promised On October 30, 2016 that she would not be “knocked off course” in the elections final days, as she sought to push past a new FBI email inquiry that delivered a late jolt(震动) to her race against Republican Donald Trump. “Im not stopping now, were just

2、getting warmed up,” Clinton declared during a packed rally (集会)with supporters in Florida. “Were not going to be distracted, no matter what our opponents throw at us.” Trump campaigned in Las Vegas at a club owned by billionaire GOP major donor Sheldon Adelson and accused the Justice Department, wit

3、hout offering evidence, of trying to protect Clinton following the FBIs discovery of new emails that could be related to its investigation into Clintons use of a private email server. “Hillary has nobody but herself to blame for her mounting legal problems,” Trump said during a rally. Meanwhile, fed

4、eral investigators secured a warrant (权证)to examine the newly discovered emails related to Hillary Clintons private server, media reported on Sunday, as a prominent Democrat accused FBI Director James Comey of breaking the law by trying to influence the election. The warrant will allow the FBI to ex

5、amine the emails to see if they are relevant to its investigation into the private email server used for government work by Clinton, the Democratic presidential nominee, while she was secretary of state from 2009 to 2013. Comey came under heavy pressure from Democrats on Sunday to quickly provide de

6、tails of the emails, as Clinton allies worried the controversy could extend beyond the Nov 8 election and cast a shadow over a Clinton transition if she wins the White House. Comeys disclosure of the email discovery in a letter to Congress on Friday plunged(使陷入) the final days of the White House rac

7、e between Clinton and Republican Donald Trump into a state of confusion and disorder. Senate Democratic Leader Harry Reid sent a letter to Comey on Sunday suggesting he violated the Hatch Act, which bans the use of a federal government position to influence an election.1.What is James Comey?A.Senate

8、 Democratic Leader.B.A prominent Democrat.C.FBI Director.D.Head of the Justice Department.2.What has FBI made a discovery of?A.Clintons private letters written to a foreign country.B.Clintons accepting a lot of money from a businessman.C.Clintons bad health conditions that may affect her administrat

9、ion.D.Clintons new emails through the use of a private email server.3.The possible meaning of the underlined word “ controversy ” in Para. 7 is _.A.a successful ending of a struggle or contestB.a lot of argument about somethingC.the ability and strength to do active physical thingsD.something new an

10、d difficult which requires great effort and determination4.The best title for the news report can be “_” .A.Clinton promises to stay course, Trump boostedB.Trump accuses the Justice Department of trying to protect ClintonC.Trump says Hillary should blame for her mounting legal problemsD.White House

11、race between Clinton and Republican Donald Trump参考答案： 1.C; 2.D; 3.B; 4.A解析： 1.事实判断题。根据是第五段:as a prominent Democrat accused FBI Director James Comey of breaking the law by trying to influence the election。2.细节理解题。根据第三段:following the FBIs discovery of new emails that could be related to its investigat

12、ion into Clintons use of a private email server可得答案。3.词义猜测题。根据前文克林顿和特朗普竞争美国总统互相攻击以及该词前的worried和该词后的could extend beyond the Nov 8 election可知该词是“争议”的意思。4.标题猜测题。根据全文如开头:Hillary Clinton promised on October 30 that she would not be “knocked off course” in the elections final days等可知答案。 完形填空One Monday eve

13、ning, I received a direct message from a boy who found a mean message in his locker.He took a picture of it and sent it to me asking for _1_I asked him to meet me the following morning.A few hours later I _2_ on the Internet that he had posted the picture of the mean note and asked if anyone _3_ who

14、 it was.I thought it was _4_ of the boy to find it out via social media.The next day the boy came to me and another _5_ was with him.The boy showed me another note he had _6_But this was a beautiful, heartfelt _7_I asked him if he knew who had done it, and the boy who came with him _8_， “It was me.I

15、 dont know why I did it, _9_ I know it was wrong and not at all kind.So I wrote him this note.I also wrote 150 notes with _10_ sayings and put them in all the lockers.I just _11_ to do something to make up for my _12_”My heart felt full of pride and love for this _13_ boy.I told him how courageous i

16、t was for him to come _14_ and how amazing it was that he did something kind in return to try to balance his _15_I turned to the boy who received both notes and asked him if he also _16_ the bravery and could forgive.Without _17_， he said, “Yes, definitely. And _18_ anyone tries to be mean to him fo

17、r making a bad choice, I will stand up to him.”These two boys _19_ me that coming forward when we need help is important, and coming forward to _20_ a wrong is vital.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了两个男孩儿解决冲突的故事。1A.support BmoneyChelp DcomfortC解析：根据下文的“These two boys _ me that coming forward when we need help is import

18、ant”可知，男孩儿是在向作者求助。2A.noticed BrealizedCconcluded DdeclaredA解析：根据“on the Internet”可推知，作者注意到了网上的情况。realize“认识到”，conclude“断定”，declare“宣布”，均不符合语境。3A.agreed BpredictedCknew DimaginedC解析：根据下文中的“I asked him if he knew who had done it”可知，那个男孩儿在网上发布照片，询问是否有人知道这是谁干的。4A.patient BsmartChonest DreliableB解析：根据下文可

19、知，男孩儿通过网络很快找到了始作俑者，因此作者认为男孩儿很聪明。5A.boy BteacherCgirl DadvisorA解析：与下文的“the boy who came with him”呼应可知，来了两个男孩儿。6A.written BlostCreceived DselectedC解析：与上文的“One Monday evening, I received a direct message from a boy who found a mean message in his locker.”可推知，男孩儿又收到(received)了一个便条。7A.invitation BwishCgr

20、eeting DapologyD解析：根据下文的“I just _ to do something to make up for my _”可推知，对方写了一个便条以表达他真诚的道歉。8A.replied BaddedCshouted DarguedA解析：根据“It was me.”可知，犯错的男孩儿回答了作者的问题。9A.so BforCor DbutD解析：根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的转折关系。10A.simple BkindCspecific DcautiousB解析：根据上文的“I know it was wrong and not at all kind”可知，犯错的男孩儿希望

21、用友好的语言来得到原谅。11A.wanted BcontinuedCfailed DrefusedA解析：根据语境可知，犯错的男孩儿想(wanted)做些事情去弥补自己的错误。12A.carelessness BlonelinessCmeanness DsadnessC解析：与上文的“a mean message”呼应可知，C项正确。13A.special BuniqueCwise DbraveD解析：与下文的“I told him how courageous it was for him”呼应可知，作者认为承认错误的这个男孩儿很勇敢。14A.along BforwardCback Dout

22、B解析：根据最后一段中两次出现的“coming forward”可推知，B项正确。15A.mistake BlossCbelief DvalueA解析：犯错的男孩儿做了些好事试图弥补自己的过错。16A.compared BchallengedCpresented DrecognizedD解析：根据“and could forgive”可推知，作者希望求助的男孩儿也能够赞赏犯错男孩儿的这种勇气并原谅他。recognize意为“赞赏”，符合语境。17A.difficulty BdoubtChesitation DfearC解析：根据“Yes, definitely.”可推知，男孩儿毫不犹豫地做了回

23、答。without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫”。18A.although BifCbecause DuntilB解析：根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的条件关系，故用if引导条件状语从句。19A.promised BwarnedCshowed DinformedC解析：根据语境可推知，两个男孩儿的行为向作者展示了一个道理。20A.discover BconductCjudge DadmitD解析：由“a wrong”并结合上文内容可推知，此处表示承认错误，故选D。 语法填空According to data from population reports and statistics

24、made by the World Bank, Japanese people in 2013 1._ (live), on average, to 83 years old, and the country itself ranks 2._ the top five nations with the longest life expectancy(预期寿命)3_ major contributor to Japans high life expectancy and overall health is their diet, as determined by the countrys Min

25、istry of Health, Labour and Welfare.According to a recent study 4._ (publish) by the BMJ, Japanese people 5._ kept on the traditional Japanese diet during the 15year study had a mortality rate (死亡率) 15% lower than those who did not.Further, those who 6._ keep were also 7._ (little) likely to suffer

26、from some diseases.Japans Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 8._ (break) the traditional Japanese diet down in their version of the food pyramid, called the “Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top”Though the Japanese diet gives special 9._ (important) to high intakes of fish and soybean products inste

27、ad of fats, it is 10._ (general) a balance of grains, vegetables, fish and meat, and milk and fruits.However, the guide also includes snacks, sweets, cakes and alcoholic drinks, which can be consumed in control, rather than completely rejected.【解题导语】本文是一篇调查报告。日本位居预期寿命最长的五个国家之首，饮食是日本人长寿的主要原因，本文主要分析了日

28、本传统饮食的特点以及国家对国民饮食的指导。1lived解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语 “in 2013”可知，谓语动词应用一般过去时。故填lived。2on/among解析：考查介词。句意为：日本人2013年的平均寿命是83岁，位居预期寿命最长的五个国家之首。on the top 意为“在顶部”；此句也可理解为：位居预期寿命最长的五个国家当中，用among。故填on/among。3A解析：考查冠词。空格处修饰名词“contributor”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且major的读音以辅音音素开头。故填A。注意首字母大写。4published解析：考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语“study”与“p

29、ublish”之间构成被动关系，因此应用所给词的过去分词形式作后置定语。故填 published。5who/that解析：考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为“Japanese people”指人，从句中缺少主语。故填 who/that。6did解析：考查谓语动词的强调结构。根据上文中的“had”和“did not”可知，此处应用一般过去时，对谓语动词表示强调应借助于助动词did。故填 did。7less解析：考查副词的比较级。根据句意及上文中的“lower”可知，此处应用形容词little的比较形式。故填less。8breaks解析：考查动词的时态。本句主语是“

30、Japans Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare”，故谓语动词应用单数形式。本段叙述的是客观事实，故时态主要是一般现在时。故填breaks。9importance解析：考查词性转换。形容词“special”应修饰名词。故填important的名词形式importance。10generally解析：考查词性转换。根据语境可知，日本饮食通常也是谷类、蔬菜类、鱼类、肉类以及牛奶和水果的一个平衡。generally意为“通常”，在句中作状语。故填generally。、七选五Courage is a personality quality that every

31、one possesses, but it sometimes fades because of bad experiences or memories. 1. By identifying the source of any lack of courage and actively changing your behavior, you can build courage.Determine your specific fears. People are often reluctant to admit that they are afraid of something and this m

32、ay be weakening their confidence and courage. In order to begin building courage, you need to determine your specific fears.2. . This may help you to develop a plan to overcome them and build your courage.Recognize your courage. Just as its important to identify your fears, you should also recognize

33、 that you also possess courage in many situations. 3. . It can help you to figure out how to apply this quality to situations in your life that cause timidity(胆怯). It can also help you to develop your behavior and begin building courage in every aspect of your life.Develop a concrete plan to build y

34、our courage. Once youve identified your specific fears and recognized situations where you exhibit courage, write out your plan to build your courage and update it when necessary. 4. ， for it helps you stay on track if you have setbacks and see your progress over time.Avoid comparing yourself to oth

35、ers. Every person is different and comparing yourself to other people can minimize your selfconfidence. Focusing on yourself and not comparing yourself to others is essential to build your confidence and courage.5 Two characteristics of courageous people are that they not only have confidence, but a

36、lso believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears. By cultivating and projecting confidence in yourself, you set yourself on the path to build and maintain courage.APart of building your courage is taking risksBEmbrace the positive and avoid the negativeCWrite a list of your fears as you fi

37、gure them outDHaving a clear strategy you can follow is importantETake the time to acknowledge that you are courageousFHave confidence and believe in your ability to be courageousGHaving courage is necessary to succeed in many situations in life【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。告诉我们如何拥有勇气。1G解析：上文提到由于不好的经历或记忆，一个人的勇气有时会

38、消减，但勇气是每个人都拥有的性格特点，故此处应承接上文继续讲述勇气对每个人的重要性，故选G项。2C解析：本段主题是确定你害怕的东西(fears)，且根据空前的“determine your specific fears”可知，C选项最合适。3E解析：本段主题是要承认自己的勇气，E选项中的“acknowledge that you are courageous”意为“承认你有勇气”，故选E项。4D解析：本段主题为制订计划，D项中的strategy意为“策略”，与下文的“it helps you stay on track”中的it相呼应。5F解析：根据下文中的“they not only hav

39、e confidence，but also believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears”可知，本段讨论信心，故选F项。、短文改错I like travelling and my dream of visit Beijing，the capital city of our country，come true during the National Day holidays this year.In October 1st，I went to Tiananmen Square with my parents，there we wat

40、ched the flagraising ceremony. As I watched flag rising slowly，I sang the national anthem，feeling extremely exciting.Then we went to some other famous tourist attraction，like the Great Wall.Standing on the Great Wall，I felt very proudly.I thought of the old saying that“One who fail to reach the Grea

41、t Wall is not a hero.”Although I was tired，but I really had a good time.【答案】I like travelling and my dream of Beijing，the capital city of our country， true during the National Day holidays this year. October 1st，I went to Tiananmen Square with my parents， we watched the flagraising ceremony. As I wa

42、tched flag rising slowly，I sang the national anthem，feeling extremely .Then we went to some other famous tourist ，like the Great Wall.Standing on the Great Wall，I felt very .I thought of the old saying that“One who to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.”Although I was tired，/ I really had a good tim

43、e.第一处：visitvisiting。考查动名词。of为介词，后接动名词作宾语。第二处：come改为came。考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“this year”可知，该处讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。第三处：InOn。考查介词。介词on表示在具体的某一天。第四处：therewhere。考查定语从句。根据语境可知，此处应用where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tiananmen Square。第五处：flag前面加上the。考查定冠词。根据语境可知，这里的flag表特指，故用定冠词。第六处：excitingexcited。考查形容词。该句主语为I，修饰人，应用形容词excited，表示“激动的，兴奋的”。第七处：attractionattractions。考查名词的数。attraction作“吸引人的事物”讲时，为可数名词，根据该句中的some可知，此处指多个旅游景点，故用复数形式。第八处：proudlyproud。考查形容词。该句中的感官动词felt用作系动词，后接形容词。第九处：failfails。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。该句陈述的是一般情况，故用一般现在时；该句主语为One，为第三人称单数，故用fails。第十处：删除but或but改为yet。although不能和but连用，能和yet连用。补充：此处也可删除Although，但是语意上没有修改but好。