2019年英语新同步人教必修二讲义：UNIT 3 SECTIONⅠ WARMING UP .doc

1、Most kids have cellphones or tablets (平板) and are texting or using social media all the time. Experts say that parents should use apps to watch out for their childrens online activities.According to a survey, 70 percent of US. teens carry cellphones, and Russ Warner, the CEO of Net Nanny, is in the

2、business of protecting kids online. His best advice to parents is to know what is out there and to plan in advance.“Put a plan into place because kids like to feel protected，” Warner said. “They like to feel like Mom or Dad is helping.”来源:学+科+网According to another study, almost 90 percent of childre

3、n have seen cyber bullying (网络欺凌) in the last year. However, Warner said only 50 percent of parents talk with kids about avoiding these experiences.“That means the other half dont and thats a problem，” he said.Warner often speaks to parent groups concerned about keeping their teens safe, “Oftentimes

4、 (时常地) if we cant control or we dont understand something, we avoid it and we cant do that anymore.”He said parents need to talk to their children about online danger, and then they need to use safety software. Parents should know who is trying to communicate with their children and what they are wa

5、tching online.Warner added parents also need to understand phone settings (设置). iPhone settings come with restrictions (限制) that are easy to set. Parents can enable restrictions with a code that they know, and their child does not. Parents can also set phones to not allow apps to be downloaded witho

6、ut a passcode.Section_Warming Up & Reading PrereadingWHO AM I?Over time I have been changed quite a lot. I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642. Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an ana

7、lytical machine by Charles Babbage. After I was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes, I could “think” logically and produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my “artificial intelligence”. In 1936 my real fathe

8、r, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem. From then on， I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room， and I wondered if I would grow any larger. However, this real

9、ity also worried my designers. As time went by， I was made smaller. First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.over time经过漫长的时间；随着时间的推移，在句中作状语，句子用现在完成时。calculate/klkjleIt/vt.计算calculator/klkjleIt/n. C计算器calculation n. U计算simplify/sIm

10、plIfaI/vt.简化sum/sm/n.总数；算术题；金额a sum of money 一笔钱此句使用了固定句式：It takes时间段before .“过了多久才”。program v编写程序 n(计算机)程序programmer/prrm/n.程序员；程序师operator/preIt/n.(电脑)操作员；接线员logically/ldIklI/adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地logical/ldIkl/adj.合逻辑的；合情理的technological/teknldIkl/adj.科技的technology/teknldI/n.工艺；科技；技术revolution/revlun/n

11、.革命technological revolution 技术革命artificial/tIfIl/adj.人造的；假的intelligence/IntelIdns/n.智力；聪明；智能artificial intelligence 人工智能solve/slv/vt.解决；解答mathematical/mmtIkl/adj.数学的how引导宾语从句；to solve .为不定式短语作目的状语。from . on 从时起“by过去时间”作状语，句子通常用过去完成时。any为程度副词，修饰比较级。reality/rIltI/n.真实；事实；现实in reality事实上；实际上as引导时间状语从句。

12、personal/psnl/adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的personally/psnlI/adv.就个人而言；亲自我是谁？第1段译文经过一段时间我已经被改变了很多。1642年我在法国诞生时是一台计算机器。尽管当时我很年轻，但是我能简化一些复杂的数学题。我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。在操作员用穿孔卡为我设计程序后，我能够进行逻辑“思考”，并且能够比任何人更快地算出答案。那时这被当作一次技术革命，也是我“人工智能”的开始。在1936年，我真正的父亲艾伦图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何数学难题。从那时起，我在体积和脑容量方面迅速成

13、长。到20世纪40年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大，我不知道是否还会长得更大。但是，这个现实也使得我的设计者很担心。随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。自20世纪70年代以来，我一直被用在办公室和家庭里，先是用作个人电脑，后来又做成便携式电脑。These changes only became possible as my memory improved. First it was stored in tubes， then on transistors and later on very small chips. As a result I totally changed my shape. A

14、s I have grown older I have also grown smaller. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told！ And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it! But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s they

15、 gave me a family connected by a network. I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web.Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. I have become very important in communication, finance and trade. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile p

16、hones as well as help with medical operations. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. Anyhow， my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race！tube/tjub/n.管；管

17、子；电子管transistor/trnzIst/n.晶体管as a result 结果totally/ttlI/adv.完全地；整个地total/ttl/adj.总的；整个的n.总数；合计so . that .“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句；like an elephant作方式状语；I have been told为anything的定语从句。network/netwk/n.网络；网状物standing there .为现在分词短语作伴随状语；until引导时间状语从句；connected by .为过去分词短语作定语。web/web/n.网application/plIkeIn/n.应用

18、；用途；申请finance/faInns/n.金融；财经financial adj.金融的；财经的mobile/mbaIl/adj.可移动的；机动的as well as 也；又(连接并列结构)rocket/rkIt/n.火箭explore/Ikspl/vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究anyhow/enIha/adv.(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此goal/l/n.目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分动词不定式短语在句中作表语。happiness/hpInIs/n.幸福；快乐a devoted friend 一个忠实的朋友human race人类第23段译文这些变化只有随着我的存储能力的不断提

19、高才成为可能。最初是被存储到电子管中，以后是晶体管上，后来是非常小的芯片上。因此，我已经完全改变了我的形状。随着我的年龄越来越大，我也变得越来越小。随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就像一头大象一样，我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情！我的存储容量变得如此巨大，连我自己都不能相信！但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里，直到20世纪60年代初，他们才给了我一个用网络连接的家庭。我能够通过万维网和其他人分享我的知识。从20世纪70年代起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途。我在通信、金融和贸易领域变得非常重要。我还被放在机器人里面，被用来制作移动电话，并且用来帮助做医疗手术。我甚至还被放置在航空火箭里去探测

20、月球和火星。不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。现在我充满了幸福，因为我是人类忠实的朋友并时时给他们提供帮助！PrereadingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1calculateA简化2universal B完全地；整个地3simplify C普遍的；通用的；宇宙的4logical D真实；事实；现实5technology E人造的；假的6artificial F探索；探测；探究7intelligent G解决；解答8solve H工艺；科技；技术9reality I合逻辑的；合情理的10totally J计算11

21、application K智能的；聪明的12explore L应用；用途；申请15_610_1112_答案：15JCAIH610EKGDB1112LF LeadinLook at the following pictures and match them with their names.AmonitorBcomputer hostCmouse Dkeyboard答案：(1)C(2)D(3)A(4)BWhilereadingFastreadingSkim the text and complete the following questions.1Whats the main idea of

22、this passage?AThe development of computers.BThe development and use of computers.CA machine which is simpleminded.DComputers may replace human beings.答案：B2Match the main ideas with the paragraphs.Para.1AThese changes only became possible as my memory improved.Para.2 BSince the 1970s many new applica

23、tions have been found for me.Para.3 COver time I have been changed quite a lot.Para.1_C_Para.2_A_Para.3_B_CarefulreadingRead the text carefully and choose the best answers.1When did the computer come into being?A1640.B1642.C1822. D1936.2Who really invented the computer?ACharles Babbage. BBill Gates.

24、CAlan Turing. DThomas Edison.3Which of the following statements is TRUE?ACharles Babbage built an analytical machine in 1642.BAlan Turing wrote a book about how the computer could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem in 1936.CThe computers were first c

25、onnected by a network in the late 1960s.DSince the 1960s the computer has been used to help with medical operations.4What can we infer from the text?AThe computer can take the place of humans.来源:Z#xx#k.ComBThe smaller a computer is, the faster it calculates.CComputers can solve all the problems of h

26、uman beings.DPeople can benefit more from computers in the future.答案：14BCBDStudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.句式分析尝试翻译我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯巴比奇才把我

27、制成了一台分析机。2In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem.句式分析尝试翻译在1936年，我真正的父亲艾伦图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何数学难题。3Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forg

28、et anything I have been told!句式分析句中so . that .引导结果状语从句；like an elephant为介词短语作方式状语；I have been told为省略关系词的定语从句，修饰anything。尝试翻译随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就像一头大象一样，我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情！4But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network.句式分析

29、本句中standing there by myself为v.ing形式作伴随状语。until引导时间状语从句；connected by a network为过去分词短语作后置定语。尝试翻译但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里，直到20世纪60年代初，他们才给了我一个用网络连接的家庭。来源:Z,xx,k.Com.阅读理解AWhen Mrs. Delgado asked her daughter Sonia to bring blueberry muffins (松饼) to a sick neighbor, Sonia said sure. But when Sonia found out who th

30、e neighbor was, she was not so sure. The neighbors name was Mrs. Craverham, and kids in the neighborhood said she was the most unkind person who ever lived.Sonia walked up the path to Mrs. Craverhams. She did not like the idea of anyone being sick and alone, but what if the kids were right? A girl i

31、n Sonias science class said that Mrs. Craverham had poked (戳) her with a stick last Halloween. Sometimes there were loud noises heard coming from inside. And a boy in Sonias math class said Mrs. Craverham had hung him upside down and painted him yellow when he accidentally kicked a soccer ball into

32、her yard. Torn between (左右为难) wanting to help someone in need and not wanting to come home a different color, Sonia decided to be brave.Finally Sonia knocked on the door. After a few moments, Mrs. Craverham answered the door and asked with impatience, “Who are you? What are you doing here？”Sonia sai

33、d, “My mother heard you were ill. She cooked muffins for you.”Mrs. Craverham relaxed. “My, thats sweet. Im sorry if I seemed impolite, but young people sometimes dare each other to come to my door because they think Im going to do something to them. As soon as I answer the door, they run off and lau

34、gh loudly.”Suddenly, Sonia heard a loud cry. Mrs. Craverham laughed as Sonia jumped. “Oh, thats just Norbert, my parrot (鹦鹉). Hes watched too many violent movies like you, I think！”语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小女孩给邻居送松饼的故事。1According to Paragraph 1, Sonia _.Aliked blueberry muffinsBwas afraid of Mrs. Craver

35、hamCknew her sick neighbor very wellDwas the meanest kid in the neighborhood解析：选B细节理解题。由该段中的“she was not so sure”和“Mrs. Craverham . the most unkind person who ever lived”可知，当Sonia得知这位生病的邻居是Craverham太太时，她有些害怕了。2Why did Mrs. Craverham answer the door impatiently?AShe thought it was something unpleasan

36、t again.BShe was tired of meeting visitors.CShe hated to see Sonia again.DShe was terribly sick.解析：选A细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“young people sometimes dare each other . they run off and laugh loudly”可知，Craverham太太之所以不耐烦是因为她以为又是哪个孩子在搞恶作剧，故选A项。3What will Mrs. Craverham probably do next?APaint Sonia yellow.BGive h

37、er parrot to Sonia.CAccept Sonias offerings.DHang Sonia upside down.解析：选C推理判断题。由文中Craverham太太所说的“My, thats sweet”可知，Craverham太太接下来很可能接受Sonia送来的松饼，故选C项。BYesterday I cleared up my house and I mean really cleared up my house.The room that gave the most results was my husbands “office”. There I found: o

38、ne rightfooted shoe, size 10 (he lost the other one somewhere), a set of Star Wars videos and two small china cats someone gave me last birthday.I collected these “finds” and took them downstairs and logged (登录) on to www.eB: the answer to all our rubbish.来源:学科网What is eBay? It aims to provide a glo

39、bal trading platform (平台) where almost anyone can trade almost anything.The idea came from Pierre Omidyar.Born in Paris, Omidyar moved to Washington when he was still a child.At High School he became very interested in computer programming and after graduating from Tufts University in 1988, he worke

40、d for the next few years as a computer engineer.In his free time he started eBay as a kind of hobby, originally offering the service free by word of mouth.By 1996 there was so much traffic on the site that he had to upgrade (升级) and he began collecting fees.Joined by a friend, Peter Skoll, and in 19

41、98 by his dynamic CEO, Meg Whitman, he has never looked back.Even in the great dotcom crashes of the late 1990s eBay went from strength to strength.It is now one of the ten most visited online shopping sites on the Internet.If you think about it, its a perfect Internet idea.All you have to do is tak

42、e an ephoto, write a description, fill out a sales form and youre in business; the world is your market place.Some of the more bizarre goods up for offer have been a piece of French bread, partially eaten by Justin Timberlake, advertising space on a mans head, and a pair of used false teeth.One week

43、 later I am proud of having a clean and tidy home and 110 in cash.Someone even bought the shoe.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了全球最大的国际贸易电子商务平台eBay。4.Why did the author log on to eBay?ATo sell some useless things.BTo buy shoes for her husband.CTo exchange things with other users.DTo search for things used at the of

44、fice.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I collected these finds and took them downstairs and logged (登录) on to www.eB: the answer to all our rubbish.”可知，作者登录eBay网是为了卖掉家里没用的东西。5What can we infer from Paragraph 2 about eBay?AIt aims to provide a free service.BIt was the idea of a high school boy.CIt has become more a

45、nd more successful.DIt faced a difficult situation in the late 1990s.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Even in the great dotcom crashes .one of the ten most visited online shopping sites on the Internet.”可知，eBay变得越来越成功。6The underlined word “bizarre” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “_”ApopularBunusualCvalua

46、ble Dunacceptable解析：选B词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“a piece of French bread, partially eaten by Justin Timberlake, advertising space on a mans head, and a pair of used false teeth”可知，eBay上还会提供一些不寻常的东西，比如：贾斯汀吃剩下的一片面包、头上的广告位和一对用过的假牙。7What does the author think of eBay?AShe is satisfied with it.BShe is worried about

47、 it.CShe shows no interest in it.DShe thinks it wastes a lot of money.解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I am proud of having a clean and tidy home and 110 in cash.Someone even bought the shoe”可知，作者对eBay很满意。CFor many kids, the Internet is at their fingertips. From computers to smartphones, a web of information is

48、open to them. According to a new report from the Pew Research Center, about three out of four kids aged 12 to 13 connect the Internet using a mobile device (移动设备) from time to time. Many younger kids are online too.Julian Zeitlinger, 9, from New Jersey, uses his computer to watch videos and play gam

49、es. To keep him safe online, his parents monitor (监测) his web use and discuss Internet safety with him. “I ask my parents if something is wrong，” Julian says.Mobile devices offer more ways than ever to share personal information. The information can be dangerous in the wrong hands. A study found tha

50、t 62% of children aged 8 to 17 have had an unpleasant online experience.Have you ever had to enter a parents email address when signing up for a website? That safety net is there because of the Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). The law says sites for kids under 13 cannot collect perso

51、nal information, such as a phone number or full name, without a parents permission (允许)This July, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) will update COPPA for the first time since the law was created, in 1998 when there were no smartphones. “The nature of the way kids get online has changed，” FTC lawyer

52、 Phyllis Marcus said.When the changes take effect, COPPA will apply to (适用于) mobile devices and newer forms of advertising. It will expand what falls under “personal information” to include videos, photographs and services that give user location (位置)COPPA doesnt cover everything that can go wrong o

53、nilne. Thats why kids and parents need to know what to look out for and to stop and think before sharing information online.“There is a misunderstanding that if a site is following COPPA, it is totally safe，” says privacy expert Shai Samet. He runs kidSAFE, which checks whether a site meets kidSAFE

54、standards and is safe. “Its important that kids know how useful the Internet is but that it also can be dangerous if you are not careful，” he adds.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章告诫人们应该注意上网安全。8Julians parents check his web use to make sure _.Ahe doesnt watch too many videosBhe doesnt play computer gamesChe stays safe

55、 on the InternetDhe controls his online time解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To keep him safe online, his parents monitor (监测) his web use”可知，Julian的父母监测他的上网情况是为了确保他的网络安全。9How does the author explain childrens unpleasant online experiences?ABy describing his own experiences.BBy presenting scientific research.来源:学

56、科网ZXXKCBy showing differences.DBy using examples.解析：选B写作手法题。根据第三段中的“A study found that 62% of children aged 8 to 17 have had an unpleasant online experience.”可知，作者主要是通过引用研究结果来说明孩子们不愉快的上网经历。10People often hold the wrong idea that _.Aformal websites are always safeBthe Internet is becoming safer and s

57、aferCCOPPA can ensure their complete safetyDdaily checks prevent future online problems解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There is a misunderstanding that if a site is following COPPA, it is totally safe”可知，人们认为遵循COPPA法案的网站可以确保他们上网的绝对安全，然而事实表明，这是错误的观念。11Whats the main purpose of the text?ATo ask parents to look ou

58、t for their kids.BTo tell people to be careful online.CTo offer tips on online safety.DTo introduce an online law.解析：选B写作意图题。通读全文可知，由于上网的方式在发生改变，因此相应的确保上网安全的法案也要进行更新调整，特别是文章最后一句中的“it also can be dangerous if you are not careful”点明文章主旨，即：告诫人们在上网时应该小心谨慎。故B项符合题意。.阅读七选五Internships (实习) are similar to tr

59、aining young students in their chosen paths. Sometimes it is good to get internships internationally. _1_ Getting a summer international internship can be a lot of work but if you know how to get it, it would be all worth it.Pay a visit to your teacher.Ask your teacher what internship is best for yo

60、u in the summer. Ask about international internships and if he can give you any advice. International schools often contact local schools to give them a list of summer internships. Dont just meet him with the internship application form a week away. _2_ Some documents take time to be processed.Surf

61、the Internet for information.You can find international schools that need internships on the Internet. _3_ Send out your selfintroduction at least one week before. Follow up now and then but not so much that it becomes annoying. You can also contact schools from abroad and ask about their internship

62、 programs. Try to ask some questions, as these are important for you to get that internship you need.Ask your family or friends for help.Some of your family members may already have an international internship experience, so they can give you some advice. _4_ He may help you land an international su

63、mmer internship. There is always someone who can direct you to a person who has a way to these internships._5_Most students get internship opportunities to earn money. You should not make money the first of your choices. Make experience and socialization the most important. Some internships give a s

64、mall allowance (补贴) instead of a full pay. Dont skip these internships.AAsk your teachers for details of their experiences.BOne of your friends might know someone overseas.CTake unpaid international internships into consideration.DAlways prepare your documents at least a month before.EThese are important for you to get that internship you need.FIt will give you an opportunity to experience different cultures.GTake note of their contact numbers in the announcement pages.答案：15FDGBC