2019年英语新同步人教必修五讲义：UNIT 5 SECTION Ⅳ LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE .doc

1、Section_Learning_about_Language_&_Using_Language原文呈现HEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARDSeventeenyearold teenager, John Janson, was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack.John was presented with his award at a

2、 ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife.She

3、 was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slades life. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea t

4、owels and tape from their house.John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands.He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.读文清障be honoured感到荣幸；受到嘉奖be presented with被授予ceremony serImnI n典礼；仪式；礼节bravery breIvrI n勇敢；勇气be doing .

5、 when .为重要句式，意为“正在做，突然”。scene n. C现场stab stb vt.&vi. (stabbed, stabbed)刺；戳；刺伤现在分词短语bleeding very heavily作伴随状语。cut off切断；中断；隔断It was . life.为强调句，结构为“It is/was被强调部分that/who .”，此处强调了主语Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid。a number of若干；许多put ones hands on找到treat trit vt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待apply

6、 plaI vt.运用，构成短语apply sth. to sth.“把某物应用于某事”。pressure pre n压力；挤压；压迫(感)ambulance mbjlns n救护车英雄青年获奖记第14段译文17岁青年约翰詹森昨晚在里弗镇的救生员颁奖大会上受到嘉奖，因为在一次骇人听闻的持刀袭击案件发生后，他为他的邻居实施了紧急抢救。在颁奖大会上，约翰被授予奖赏。大会共表彰了抢救他人生命的十个人的勇敢行为。(那天)约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。 当他和父亲冲出去时，看见一个男人从现场逃跑了。他们发现三个孩子的母亲安斯莱德被连捅了数刀。斯莱德女士躺在前花园的地上，流血不止。她的双手几乎被砍

7、断了。正是约翰敏捷的动作和急救知识挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。他立即向旁边的一些人要绷带，但当他们都没找到绷带的时候，他的父亲从屋里拿出一些擦杯盘的布和胶带来。约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。他按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。“Im proud of what I did but I was just doing what Id been taught，” John said.John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school.When congratulating John，

8、Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said，“There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.”Before receiving their awards last night, John and the ni

9、ne other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister.scheme skim n方案；计划When congratulating John为省略he was的时间状语从句。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语部分含有be动词时，可把从句的主语和be动词一并省略。There is no doubt that .毫无疑问he learned at school是定语从句，修饰the first aid skills。a knowledge of知道；了解；有方面的

10、知识make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用nine other另外/其他9位过去分词短语hosted . Minister作后置定语，修饰reception。第57段译文约翰说：“我为自己所做的事感到自豪，但我只做了以前别人教会我做的事。”约翰在读高中时就参加了青年救生员组织。该组织的主任艾伦萨瑟顿先生在向约翰表示祝贺时说：“毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。这表明懂得急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。”约翰和其他九位救生员昨晚在领奖前还出席了由首相主持的特殊的招待会。Step 1Read the text and answer t

11、he following questions.1Whats the main idea of the text?John_Janson_received_award_because_he_saved_his_neighbours_life.2Why did John Janson receive the award?Because_he_carried_out_lifesaving_first_aid_on_a_neighbour_after_a_shocking_knife_attack.Step 2Choose the best answers according to the text.

12、1Look at the construction of the article. What type of writing can it be?AA novel.BA research paper.CA students composition.DA newspaper report.2What happened to Anne Slade?AHer hands were almost cut off.BShe fell ill in bed.CShe fell from upstairs and was seriously hurt.DShe was hit by a car at the

13、 street corner.3What first aid did John perform on Anne Slade?AHe tied some bandages over her hands to stop the bleeding.BHe used some tea towels and tape to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands.CHe took her to hospital at once.DHe carried her to her bed.答案：13DAB一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇

14、1.throat n咽喉；喉咙2.ceremony n. 典礼；仪式；礼节3.ambulance n. 救护车4.scheme n. 方案；计划.拓展词汇1.tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地2.firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地3.bravery n勇敢；勇气brave adj.勇敢的4.treat vt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待treatment n对待；治疗5.apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效application n申请applicant n申请人6

15、.pressure n压力；挤压；压迫(感)press v挤；压1.throat n咽喉；喉咙词块a sore throat咽喉痛2.ceremony n典礼；仪式；礼节词块a welcoming ceremony欢迎仪式an opening ceremony开幕式a closing ceremony闭幕式3.tight (adj.)lytightly (adv.)联想常见的以ly结尾的副词quickquicklyespecialespeciallycarefulcarefully excitedexcitedlypolitepolitely recentrecentlyloudloudly

16、clearclearly4.treat vt.&vi.治疗词块treat sb. headache 治疗某人的头痛联想cure sb. of headache 治愈了某人的头痛5.apply vi.申请词块apply to the company for the position向公司申请这个职位二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.prevent_._from_. 阻止2a_number_of 若干；许多3put_ones_hands_on 找到4make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用5be_on_fire 着火6be_presented_with 被授予7

17、be_proud_of 为感到骄傲8get_involved_in 卷入；介入1.a shocking knife attack骇人听闻的持刀袭击案2save the life of another 抢救他人生命3run from the scene 从现场逃跑4bleed very heavily 流血不止5apply pressure to the wounds 按住伤口6take part in 参加7a knowledge of 懂得知识8attend a special reception 出席一场特殊的招待会三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.John was studying i

18、n his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。be doing . when .意为“正在做，突然”，句中的when相当于and then/and at that time，连接两个并列分句。This morning I was_walking_on_the_street_when I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled.今天早晨我正在大街上走，突然我看见两个游客正在困惑地看着地图。2.It was Johns quick action and kno

19、wledge of first aid that saved Ms Slades life.正是约翰快捷的动作和急救知识挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。强调句式“it is/was . that .”。It_was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.(2014江西高考标准范文)正是拥有真诚和信任我们才创造了和谐的气氛。3.There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at scho

20、ol saved Ms Slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。There is no doubt that .“毫无疑问”，其中的that引导同位语从句。There_is_no_doubt_that the video we made is very successful.(2017北京高考书面表达)毫无疑问，我们制作的视频是非常成功的。1(教材P38)He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their

21、hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house.他立即向旁边的一些人要绷带，但当他们都没找到绷带的时候，他的父亲从屋里拿出一些擦杯盘的布和胶带来。a number of若干；许多a number of相当于many，后面跟可数名词的复数形式。在number之前可用great, large, small, good等修饰。该短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式。The increase in the boxoffice income can be attributed to a number of

22、factors. (2017江苏高考)票房收入的增长可能有很多因素构成。Its reported that a number of new houses are_being_built (build) at present in the disaster area.据报道，目前在灾区正在建造大量的新房。辨析比较a number of, the number ofa number of修饰可数名词的复数形式，表示“许多；大量”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式the number of修饰可数名词的复数形式，表示“的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式Now a number of college

23、graduates are (be) seeking to get a highpaid job. But the number of posts available for them is (be) often not enough.如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。2(教材P38)John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands.约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。treat vt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待(1)treat . with

24、 .以态度对待treat sb. for . 为某人治疗treat . as . 把当作；像一样对待/处理/看待treat sb./oneself to sth. 请客；款待；招待自己/某人(2)be ones treat 由某人请客My treat./Its my treat. 我请客。Young people should always treat the elders with respect.(2015陕西高考)年轻人应该尊敬老年人。 She wishes to be treated as nothing more than a common girl. 她希望被当作一个普通的女孩子来

25、对待。 We are treating Mom to dinner for her birthday.因为妈妈过生日，我们打算请她吃晚餐。3(教材P38)He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效写出下列句中apply的含义I want to apply for the job.申请The results of this

26、research can be applied to new developments in technology.应用；运用Apply the paint to the prepared wood and allow it to dry.涂；敷(1)apply . to . 把运用到中；把涂到上apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于apply to . 适应apply (to .) for . (向)申请(2)applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请；申请书；适用If you apply yourself (you) to the job in han

27、d, youll soon finish it.如果你尽全力做你手头的工作，你将会很快把它做完。She applied to the international school for a job as an English teacher.她向这所国际学校申请英语教师的职位。4(教材P38)It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这表明懂得急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用I will help clean up the roadside l

28、itter whenever possible. I hope my behavior will make a difference.无论何时我都会帮忙清理路边的垃圾。我希望我的行为能起到作用。 make some/no difference (to .) (对)有/没作用或影响tell the difference (between . and .)辨别/区分(与)What you have said will make_no_difference_to the naughty boy.你所说的不会对这个淘气的男孩起什么作用的。 Before birth, babies can tell_t

29、he_difference between loud sounds and voices. (2017江苏高考)出生前，婴儿们能够区分的响声和嗓音。1John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。本句使用了be doing .when .句式。此句式的意思为“正在做，突然”，句中的when相当于and then/and at that time，连接两个并列分句。I was playing computer games last night when electricity was cut of

30、f.昨晚我正在玩电脑游戏，突然停电了。be about to do . when .即将做这时(突然)had done . when .刚刚做完这时(突然)Lily was about to study when someone knocked at the door. 莉莉正要学习，这时有人敲门。He had_gone (go) to bed when the telephone rang. 他刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。2There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at sch

31、ool saved Ms Slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。There is no doubt that .“毫无疑问”，其中的that引导同位语从句。There is no doubt that this candidates advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.(2015湖北高考多选)毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他用英语与外国人交流的能力。There_is_no_doubt_that the Internet makes

32、 communication easier and helps us keep up with the latest information.毫无疑问，因特网使交流更简单了，也有助于我们跟上最新的信息步伐。(1)doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether (不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。(2)doubt用作动词时，后多跟if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定/疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。There is some doubt whether he will be elected president.他是否能当选总统还有些疑问。I never

33、doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner.我从未怀疑过，特殊班级能够帮助这些有天赋的学生提前毕业，更早地在生活中找到他们的位置。.单句语法填空1A great number of fine poems were_written (write) by some famous poets.2(2014陕西高考)Men and women must be_treated (treat) equally in educat

34、ion and employment.3Marys words make no difference to him, for he is quite stubborn.4They had_covered (cover) three miles when they realized they had left their IDs at home.5(2014山东高考)If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. 6Theres some

35、doubt whether the meeting will be held as planned.选词填空1In the past ten years a_number_of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing but ruins.2I am now in my twenties, but my parents still treat me as a child.3You can also make_a_difference if you have a strong will and never give up.4We wer

36、e discussing the problem when there was a power failure.5He is the top player in the world, so there_is_no_doubt_that he will win the match.6We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高本课语言点针对练习.单词拼写1Treat (对待) the ea

37、rth seriously, for it is not given to you by your parents but lent to you by your children.2He applied (申请) to be sent to the northwest of China.3(2016四川高考)In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure (压力) or to die from heart attacks. 4The judge praised the firefighters for their brav

38、ery (勇敢)5With six of us in the car, it was a tight (紧的) squeeze.单句改错1A great number of new factories has been set up in my hometown.hashave2Over the years, he has applied himself to improve the living conditions of the migrant workers. improveimproving3A few kind words at the right time make differe

39、nce.difference前加a4She was thinking about the problem then Tom patted her.thenwhen5Ill treat you for lunch at the restaurant in front of our school.forto6There is some doubt that he can win.thatwhether7It was in 1987 when I graduated from the university.whenthat8Yang Lan had knowledge of English when

40、 she was in the university.had后加a.补全句子1Meanwhile, the number of people, who have access to their own cars, has_increased_sharply_in_recent_years.同时，近年来，拥有私家车的人数在快速增长。2(2015陕西高考书面表达)I am_writing_to_apply_for_the_position as a student volunteer.我写信是想申请学生志愿者这个职位。3Only if we know what we do in our daily

41、 life and live a lowcarbon life can_we_make_a_difference.只有我们知道在日常生活中做什么，过一种低碳生活，我们才能起作用。4All visitors to this village are_treated_with kindness.所有到这个村庄的游客都受到友善地对待。5Last Monday, I was_walking_in_the_street_when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。6If we can

42、 do as mentioned above, there_is_no_doubt_that we can master English.如果我们能做到如上所述，毫无疑问，我们就能掌握英语。 本单元语言点温故练习.补全句子1Teachers give their lessons with_the_aid_of computers.老师在电脑的协助下授课。2The famous actor fell_ill because of that long journey.那位著名的演员由于那次漫长的旅行生病了。3What you just said did_an_injury_to_your_moth

43、er.你刚才说的话伤害了你的母亲。4The library provides us students with a_wide_variety_of_books.图书馆为我们学生提供各种各样的书籍。5To most Chinese children, a dictionary means another reference book to_squeeze_into an already heavy school bag.对于大多数中国孩子来说，一本字典意味着另一本参考书挤进本已沉重的书包。6In_the_first_place,_he has enough money to buy his so

44、n a big house. 首先，他有足够的钱给他儿子买一所大房子。7Interest is as_vital_to learning as the ability to understand, even more so.对于学习来说，兴趣如同理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。8The crowd poured_out_of the concert hall.人群从音乐大厅涌出来。9Thats_where I was when the accident happened. 那就是事故发生时我所在的地方。10As_they_expected,_everything has gone very we

45、ll.正如他们所期望的，一切进展得很顺利。.写出下列句中可以省略的部分1You have solved the problem. Can you tell me how you solved the problem？you_solved_the_problem2I havent told him the news.Oh, you ought to have told him the news.have后的told_him_the_news3Tom is a teacher, and his brother is a doctor.第二个is4Work hard when you are you

46、ng, or youll regret.you_are5If it is possible, Ill arrive there on time.it_is6He looked around as if he was in search of something.he_was7The girl who the teacher spoke to is Liu Ying.who8Please tell me the way in which you did the job.in_which二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.阅读理解Meet Liam Mills, the first aid speci

47、alist who provides lifesaving support at festivals and events, and hes just 16 years old.A bit young to be a first aider, arent you?You might think that, but in fact Ive been doing this for almost a year now. I already have a huge amount of valuable experience.Why did you join the British Red Cross?

48、Ive always been interested in first aid, so when I saw some Red Cross volunteers at a local event I went over for a quick talk. After hearing what they had to say, I jumped_at the chance of joining.Whats the big attraction?As soon as youve treated an injured man, you will never look back. Ive treate

49、d many types of injury now, from cut fingers to even heart disease cases. Its endlessly challenging and interesting.What have you learned?Im now a skilled volunteer, which means I have additional qualifications (资历) on top of my standard first aid certificate (证书). For example, Im qualified to use E

50、ntonox (laughing gas) for pain management. First aid with the Red Cross is a whole lot more than just cleaning and dressing wounds.Any standout memories?Once, my colleague and I attended a call. As we approached the scene, all I could see was someone lying perfectly still on the floor. When you real

51、ise that someone is helpless and completely depending on you to do the right thing, you feel this sudden rush of responsibility. But fortunately, our training means we have the confidence and knowledge to deal with such situations.Best thing about being an event first aider?You get to help people, w

52、hile also enjoying the chance of going to lots of great events. It really is a winwin situation.语篇解读：本文是一则访谈。文章是对急救小专家Liam Mills的采访。1We learn from the text that Liam Mills _.Ais a first aid trainerBworks in a local hospitalCis the best first aider in the Red CrossDhelps save lives at festivals and e

53、vents解析：选D细节理解题。由第一段中的“Liam Mills . provides lifesaving support at festivals and events”可知，Liam Mills在节日和活动时提供救生支援。2The underlined phrase “jumped at” can be replaced by “_”AmissedBwaited forCtook Dturned down解析：选C词义猜测题。由画线处上文中的问题“Why did you join the British Red Cross？”可知，Liam Mills抓住机会加入了英国红十字会，由此推

54、断，jumped at the chance意为“抓住机会”。3What does Liam Mills think of first aid?ABoring. BDangerous.CEasy. DAttractive.解析：选D推理判断题。由“Whats the big attraction？”回答部分中的“Its endlessly challenging and interesting.”可知，Liam Mills觉得急救工作是很有吸引力的。4What can we infer from the text?AAll first aiders can use Entonox.BFirst

55、 aiders just do some simple work.CLiam Mills still lacks confidence in his work.DLiam Mills benefits from his first aid experiences.解析：选D推理判断题。由最后一段可知，Liam Mills从急救中也获益颇多，他认为这是一个双赢的局面。.语法填空Hospitals havent always been clean and quiet places. Long ago they were dirty and crowded. Nurses were never ta

56、ught _1_ to look after their patients and many people died. It was Florence Nightingale _2_ changed all this.Florence was born in 1820. As a child, she often went with her mother _3_ (visit) the poor people. They took food and medicine to the sick. It was these visits that first gave her the idea of

57、 becoming a nurse.Her chance came in 1854 _4_ Britain went to war with Russia. Florence _5_ (ask) to take a group of nurses to look after the sick and the _6_ (wound) soldiers. The hospitals were dirty, and there was not enough medicine. Florence and her team worked very hard, _7_ (clean) the hospit

58、al rooms and beds every day. At night, she would go from room to room checking on the patients. She often stayed to talk to the patients, especially if she could see that they were scared or _8_ (die)After the war, Florence opened a school to teach nurses to look after their patients _9_ (proper). H

59、owever, she never really got better from the _10_ (ill) that she had in the war, and she died in 1910.语篇解读：本文是对世界著名护理专家、近代护理教育的创始人、护理学的奠基人弗洛伦斯南丁格尔的介绍。1how以前的护士不知道如何照顾病人，故用疑问词how。2who/that该句使用了强调句型，被强调的是Florence Nightingale。3to visitto visit the poor people在句中作目的状语。4whenwhen引导的从句在句中作时间状语。5was askedFlorence是谓语动词的承受者，用被动语态；这里说的是1854年的事，用一般过去时。6woundedwounded是过去分词作定语。7cleaningcleaning the hospital rooms and beds every day是现在分词短语作状语。8dyingdying表示“快要死的”。9properly空格中所填单词在句中修饰look after，需用proper的副词形式。10illness空格中所填单词在句中作介词from的宾语，需用ill的名词形式。