六年级英语下册 语法知识点总复习 人教PEP.doc

1、六年级下册语法知识点总复习 语法知识：英语动词4种时态：1、一般现在时：常与表示程度或频度的词连用，如：often（经常） , usually（通常，一般） , sometimes（有时） , always（总是，一直） , never（从不）,表示经常性或习惯性的动作,表示现在的特征或状态,表示普遍真理。用动词原形表示，第三人称单数后，动词要在词尾加s（或es，或变y为i再加es）。如：I often get up at 7:00.He often gets up at 7:30.2、现在进行时：表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。用am / is / are 加 动词ing形式表示，如:

2、 What are you doing? I am reading a book. What is he doing? He is singing.3、一般将来时：常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow , next week , next year 等,表示将要发生的动作或情况。用 am/ is/ are 加 going to形式表示，如：What are you going to do tomorrow? Im going to ride a horse. 用will 加动词原形表示，如：What will you do next Sunday? I will go shopping

3、. 用am/ is/ are 加动词ing 形式表示，如：What are you doing tomorrow? Im going bowling.4、一般过去时：经常与表示过去的时间连用, 如: yesterday, last night等, 表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。动词要用动词的过去式。如：Who was first? Ken was first.Where were you yesterday? I was at home.What did you do yesterday? I went to school.形容词的比较级和最高级：1、单音节词：比较级加er, 最高级加est.

4、 如：tall-taller- the tallest,He is taller than his brother. Tom is the tallest in his class.2、多音节词和部分双音节词：比较级加more, 最高级加 the most. 如：interesting-more interesting-the most interesting,Music is interesting subject. P.E. is more interesting than music.Science is the most interesting subject.形容词变为比较级的变化规

5、则：（1）一般情况下，在形容词的词尾直接加er。如: talltaller shortshorter.(2)以字母e结尾的形容词，在词尾直接加r，如：nicenicer. latelater (3)以重读闭音节结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音字母的词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加er.如：bigbigger thinthinner fatfatter (4)以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节形容词，先变y为i , 再加er。如：easyeasier heavyheavier funnyfunnier.（2）、部分形容词比较级的不规则变化：goodbetter wellbetter badworse badlywo

6、rse manymore muchmore littleless farfarther动词ing的变化规律：1）直接加ing ，如： open-opening, clean-cleaning, meet-meeting, sing-singing, study-studying, 2） 去掉词尾不发音的e ，如：take-taking, close-closing, come-coming, drive-driving, have-having, use-using, write-writing, practice-practicing, 3） 重读闭音节的，双写最后的字母，加 ing , 如

7、： sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-beginning , get-getting, swim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, become-becoming, 主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相同)： 1） 直接加s， 如：cook-cooks, come-comes, close-closes, 2)以o, x, s, sh, ch 结尾+es , 如: teach-teaches, go-goes, do-does, catch-catches, wash-washes, brush-b

8、rushes, miss-misses, 3） 辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i ，+es， 如：fly-flies, worry-worries, carry-carries, 4） 以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es.5） 特殊：have-has, 6）家庭、亲属和朋友：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好：与你的关系 words: family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend相关

9、句型: 1) Is he/she Toms cousin? Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isnt. 2) Whos he/she? Hes/Shes my friend. 3) How many people are there in your family? Who are they? There are four, my father, my mother, my brother and me.注意： 1）名词单复数，如：family-families; 名词单数-复数规律: （1）1） 直接加s， 如： boy-boys, term-terms, 2)以o, x

10、, s, sh, ch 结尾+es , 如: box-boxes, class-classes, glass-glasses, coach-coaches, dress-dresses, fax-faxes, inch-inches, match-matches, 3） 辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i ，+es， 如：baby-babies, lady-ladies, factory-factories, peach-peaches, library-libraries, watch-watches , 4） 以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es: leaf-leaves, knife-kn

11、ives, wife-wives, shelf-shelves, 5） 特殊: man-men, policeman-policemen, woman-women, child-children, goose-geese, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, 6) 不变: hair, milk, tea, coffee, water, bread, rice, paper, juice, meat, people, fish, sheep, （2）名词所有格，表明是“谁的” 如： my cousins , his parents它的构成规则： 单数名词后+“ s”， Mikes m

12、other.复数名词词尾有，其后只+“ ”，Teachers Da教师节.若是两人共有时，只在后者+ “s ”,Jim and Toms mother.吉姆和汤姆的母亲。不是两者所共有的，两者都+ “ s ”,Jims and Toms mother.吉姆母亲和汤姆的母亲。名词若是无生命，所有格构成用of, a map of China.一幅中国地图I一般过去时态定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。结构：“主语+动词的过去式”用法：1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。He was here yesterday.I got up at seven yesterday morning

13、.My mother was at work yesterday afternoon.Did you have a good time last summer?2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。My mother often went to work by taxi last year.When I was a student, I often listened to music.3. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：一般过去式的用法： 一般过去式 表示过去的动作和状态，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句, 如yesterday, the day before last, las

14、t week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。 I met him yesterday. 昨天我碰见了他。 I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山。一般过去式构成：表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。4. 一般过去时的标志词: last year; last night yesterday (+mornin

15、g, afternoon, evening)in +过去时间词: in 1998II过去式规则变化（a）动词词尾+“ed”。 walk walked（走）need needed （需要）（b）动词词尾为“e”时，加“-d”。 live lived （住）like liked （喜欢）（c）动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时，去“y”加“ied”，若是词尾为“元音字母+y”，只加“ed”。 study studied （学习）playplayed （游戏）（d）原形动词词尾为重读闭音节时，先双写该辅音字母再+“ed”stop stoppedIII过去式规则变化(一) 不变1.cutcut2.letle

16、t3.putput4 readread 5mustmust（二）改成a1. comecame2.becomebecame3.beginbegan 4. drinkdrank5.havehad 6.runran 7. sitsat8.ringrang9. singsang10.swimswam 11.givegave（三）改成ght1. thinkthought2.fight fought3.bringbrought 4. buybought5.catchcaught 6. teachtaught（三）改成t1.keepkept2.sleepslept3.sweepswept4.feelfelt

17、5.spendspent6.learnlearnt 7.meanmeant（四）改成ew1.blowblew 2.knowknew 3.growgrew 4.drawdrew5.throwthrew6. flyflew（五）改成o1.get got 2.forgetforgot3.writewrote 4.riderode 5.drivedrove6.sellsold7.telltold8.standstood 9.understandunderstood10.speakspoke11.hear heard 12.taketook(六)其他形式1.makemade 2.hearheard 3.

18、eatate4.mean meant5.saysaid6.findfound 7.meet met 8.see saw9.cancould 10.shallshould11.willwould12. maymight13.gowent14.seesaw 15.wearwore小学英语语法辅导：时态时间标志口诀集锦1. 一般现在时：“总经常有每没（美眉）复星周” 总：always， usually等经常：often有：sometimes （记住，“有”不是have，而是“有时”）每：every week/month/year 等没：never复星周：on Mondays， on Tuesdays

19、等2. 一般过去时：“昨天上个XX（读作叉叉）前，in加年份when字连”（原创）昨天：yesterday， 后面可以加morning， afternoon，evening等上个：last，后面可以加week， month，year等XX前：ago，前面可以加three weeks/months/years agoin加年份：in 2009/2008/1986/1220等，2010前全用一般过去时，后年2012前就都是过去时了，2012，世界末日？电影看多了。when字连：when I was a child等 when字后面都是过去时，也要用一般过去时。3. 一般将来时时间标志口诀：正好和一

20、般过去时对应：“明天下个XX后”明天：tomorrow，后面可以加morning， afternoon，evening下个：next，后面可以加week， month，year等XX后：after和in，后面可以加three weeks/months/years这里要注意一下，after后加时间点才表示将来，如after 3 oclock 。加时间段表示过去，如after 2 hours 表示过去。in后加时间段表将来，如in two years。4. 现在进行时：“现在时刻看和听，最近在哪请安静。”现在：now， at present， at the moment等时刻：Its ten oclock. Im beating Xiaoqiang.看和听：Look！ Listen！后面一般都用现在进行时。最近：What are you doing recently/these days？在哪：Where is Xiao Z？ Xiao Z is beating Xiaoqiang.请安静：Be quiet！/Dont make any noise！/Stop making noise！ Xiaoqiang is sleeping.