高考英语写作专题经典讲座十二 简单句的基本句型.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家写作专题十二 简单句的基本句型（下）简单句的基本句型（下）第四种简单句句型：主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语由“主语 + 及物动词 +间接宾语 + 直接宾语”（SVOiOd）构成主谓系统。双宾语由“间接宾语 + 直接宾语”构成，都是由主语发出来的。有一些动词后面必须跟双宾语意义才完整。这些动词的使用方法参考下面表格：句型变化同类词例句SVt +直宾 + to + 间宾 afford, lend, leave, hand, offer, owe, 等等The teacher gave a book to me/the boy.SVt +直宾 + for

2、+ 间宾Buy, call, cook, choose, do, draw, find, get, make,等等My mother cooked a mal for me/her son. SVt + 间宾 + 直宾 包括前面两类动词The teacher gave me/the boy a book.SVt + 间宾 + 复合不定式直宾/从句直宾learn, teach, show, tell, point outHe showed me how to swim. （复合不定式充当直接宾语）He told me where I should go. （从句充当直接宾语）He told me

3、 that the news was true. （从句充当直接宾语）SVt +to +间宾 +从句直宾suggest, reply, explain, point out等等He replied to me that the news was true. （从句充当直接宾语）SVt + it + to +间宾 +从句直宾owe, suggest, explain, point out 等等She owes it to her mothers influence that she was elected Miss Hong Kong. （it是形式宾语，代替后面的从句直接宾语） 二SVOiOd

4、句型的语义特征我们学习双宾语的时候要注意它的语义特征:两个宾语必须都是主语发出来的，否则不是双宾语。例如，Sometimes, in the opinion of the people even from some modern countries, wearing some article of clothing or some jewel will bring them luck or protect them from evil or illness. （有时候，在一些现代化的国家人们穿某种服装，或者佩戴某种首饰，因为他们相信这会给他们带来好运，或者免受邪恶或疾病的威胁。）其中，划线部分

5、是双宾语，因为间接宾语them与直接宾语luck都是主语wearing some article of clothing发出来的。相反，斜体部分“protect them from evil or illness”不是双宾语，因为“evil or illness”不是从主语发出来的。三配套练习：连词成句, 注意运用动词的正确形式。例题： One of the greatest presidents; Abraham Lincoln; almost; consider; all Americans; in American history变为：Almost all Americans consi

6、der Abraham Lincoln one of the greatest presidents in American history.第四组：S+V+Oi+Od（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）:1. his teacher, the little boy, always, asking, all sorts of questions, is2. the next morning, they, the evening paper, him, sent3. me, showed, the policeman, where the park was on the map4. such ex

7、cuses, me, made, never, he5. herself, ordered, she, a new dress6. something, tell, please, about your country, me7. you, envy, I , your luck8. him, that he should come at once, wrote, I 9. show, you, can, how to get to the post office, me ?10. a scarf, made, for, she, her son四：用SVO句型翻译下面句子：1. 我准备为你做

8、一切有益于你的事情。2. 在这样一个寒冷的冬日，在山里她不能为她的绵羊找到草。3. 你为什么不向他示范怎样做鱼？4. 邻居们向她建议，应该把她的母亲送进医院。5. 老师向全班解释说，他弄错了两个双胞胎。第五种简单句句型：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补由“主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补” （SVOOc）构成主谓系统。及物动词后面马上跟宾语，宾语后面再跟宾语补足语，宾语加上宾补构成复合宾语。理论上说，宾补补充说明宾语，否则句子意义就不够完整。这些动词的使用方法参考下面表格：句型变化例句SVt + 宾语 + 形/副/介/名I found the house empty. (形容词充当宾补

9、)I found the lights on/off. (副词充当宾补)I found the boy in bed. (介词短语充当宾补)I found him a good boy. (名词短语充当宾补)SVt + 宾语+非谓语形式I told him to help you with your English. (不定式充当宾补)The blow sent the glass flying everywhere. （现在分词充当宾补）He had the car mended at a garage. （过去分词充当宾补）SVt + it + 形/名+ to doHe believes

10、it right to help others. (形容词 + 不定式)He makes it a rule to read English every day. (名词+不定式)SVt + it + 形/名/介宾 + 从句He believes it right that he should help others. (形容词+从句)He makes it a rule that he should read English every day. (名词+从句)二SVOOc句型与SVOiOd句型的差异我们学习双宾语的时候要注意它的语义特征:两个宾语必须都是主语发出来的，否则不是双宾语。例如，

11、I gave him a book. 划线部分是双宾语，因为间接宾语him直接宾语a book 都是主语“I”发出来的。相反，我们观察句子“I told him to help you.”，其中宾语him是主语“I”发出来的，但是to help you不是主语“I”发出来的，而是宾语him发出的，所以“to help you”是宾补，“him to help you”是复合宾语。三. 配套练习：连词成句, 注意运用动词的正确形式。例题： One of the greatest presidents; Abraham Lincoln; almost; consider; all American

12、s; in American history变为：Almost all Americans consider Abraham Lincoln one of the greatest presidents in American history.第五组：S+V+O+Oc（主语+谓语+宾语+宾补）1. the story of Gandhis life; found; extremely interesting; I 2. when George was coming to town; her; I ; to let me know; asked3. secret ; for a little l

13、onger; our plans; I ; we ;should; keep; think4. so angry; he; called; all kinds of names; that; was; he; me5. very lucky; myself; when I was in India; consider; to have met Gandhi6. that he should refuse to travel first class; it; astonishing; found; I 7. as soon as possible; I ; know the results of

14、 the voting; let; will; you8. delivered; had; the hostess; a week before the party; the invitations9. a more fluent speaker; a lot of practice; the spokesman; helped; become10. found; murdered; in the bathroom; when the police arrived; they; the actress四：用宾补翻译下面句子：1. 前往伦敦，使伦敦成为他的革命根据地。2. 几乎没有采取什么措施净

15、化污水，就让其流进河流。3. 这就使得农业的快速发展变得很有必要。4. 透过开着的窗户，我们看见同学们已经坐在位置上了。5. 他命令书马上送到巴黎去。第四种简单句句型：主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语五配套练习答案：连词成句, 注意运用动词的正确形式。第四组：S+V+Oi+Od（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）:1. The little boy is always asking his teacher all sorts of questions.2. They sent him the evening paper the next morning.3. The policeman

16、 showed me where the park was on the map.4. He never made me such excuses.5. She ordered herself a new dress.6. Please tell me something about your country.7. I envy you your luck.8. I wrote him that he should come at once.9. Can you show me how to get to the post office?10. She made a scarf for her

17、 son.答案：用SVO句型翻译下面句子：1. I am ready to do everything helpful for you. 2. On such a cold winder day, the girl found no grass for her sheep on the mountain.3. Why didnt you show how to cook the fish to him? 4. The neighbors suggested to her that her mother should be sent to the hospital.5. The teacher

18、explained to the class that he had made a mistake between the twins.第五种简单句句型：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补配套练习答案：连词成句, 注意运用动词的正确形式。第五组 S+V+O+Oc (主语+谓语+宾语+宾补)1. I found the story of Gandhis life extremely interesting.2. I asked her to let me know when George was coming to town.3. I think we should keep our plans

19、 secret for a little longer.4. He was so angry that he called me all kinds of names.5. I consider myself very lucky to have met Gandhi when I was in India.6. I found it astonishing that he should refuse to travel first class.7. I will let you know the results of the voting as soon as possible.8. The

20、 hostess had the invitations delivered a week before the party.9. A lot of practice helped the spokesman become a more fluent speaker.10. When the police arrived, they found the actress murdered in the bathroom答案：用宾补翻译下面句子：1. He went to London and made London the base for his revolutionary work.2. Little is done to make the polluted water clean before it goes into the rivers.3. This has made it necessary for agriculture to develop very quickly.4. Through the open windows I saw my classmates already in their places.5. He ordered the books to be sent to Paris.4 版权所有高考资源网