四川省古蔺县中学英语必修5课件 MODULE 6 GRAMMAR.ppt

1、A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.句子主干：定语从句：先行词：关系代词：A dictionary is a book.which gives the meaning of wordsbookwhichThis is the house that/which he visited.句子主干：定语从句：先行词：关系代词：This is the house.that/which he visitedthe housethat/whichThe man who/whom/that I met today told me to

2、 come.句子主干：定语从句：先行词：关系代词：The man told me to come back.who I met todaythe manwho/whom/thatThe room whose window is red is mine.句子主干：定语从句：先行词：关系代词：The room is mine.whose window is redthe roomwhoseThis is the house where he lived.句子主干：定语从句：先行词：关系代词：This is the house.where he livedthe housewhere_=in whi

3、chzxxkIt happened on the day when I was out.句子主干：定语从句：先行词：关系代词：It happened on the day.when I was outthe daywhenThe reason why he didnt come was that he had missed the train.句子主干：定语从句：先行词：关系代词：The reason was that he had missed the train.why he didnt comethe reasonwhy=for which学.科.网关系副词的用法指代内容 所做成分 是否

4、可省略when时间状语否where地点状语否why原因状语否教材P54练习Grammar exercises 2;3;4;5注意一：whose 在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。1.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.2.The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.3.Do y

5、ou like the book whose cover is yellow?=Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?=Do you think the book 0f which the cover is yellow?注意二：that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said?There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the

6、 world.(1)限制性定语从句中先行词为all,few,everything,anything,nothing,none,little,some等不定代词指物时。(something用that或which均可)(2)There be 句型中用that。There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。This is the first book(that)he has read.This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.This is the first time(

7、that)I am in Beijing.(4)先行词是who或which引导的主句。Who is the girl that drove the car?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?(5)当先行词既有人又有物。They talked about the persons andthings that they remembered at school.(6)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,the only,the very,the last,just,right等修饰。Ive read all the

8、 books that are not mine.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1)紧跟介词作宾语Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中Football,which is a very popular game,is played all over the world.(3)作定语He may be late,in which case,we should wait for him.注意三：在下列情况下,一般用which而不that。注意四：a

9、s 和which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别1.which引导的从句只能放在主句之后；as引导的从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。2.which既可代指先行词，又可代指整个主句的内容。相当于“and this”或“and that”.译为“这一点”。as只能代指整个主句的内容。常带有“正如”之意，且已形成固定结构:as is known,as is reported,as is said,as is expected,as we know,etc.1.Einstein,as is known,is a famous scientist.2.As is reported,China has beco

10、me an important country in the world.3.Taiwan belongs to China,as is known to all.4.Bamboo is hollow,which makes it very light.5.He didnt come to attend the meeting,as is expected.zxxk3.as在从句中作主语，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；而which则不一定。He is very strict,as is shown in his work.4.先行词前有the same,such限定时，关系词只能用as.I hav

11、e the same opinion as you(have).Dont read such books as are beyond your ability.当先行词受the same 修饰时，有时也用that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding.5.主从之间存在逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往用which。Tom was late for school again and

12、again,which made his teacher very angry.Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.on whichIll never forget the time which/that was spent with you.when在定语从句中作时间状语，先行词往往是表示时间的名词。相当于介词+which若定语从句缺主语或宾语，需用which或that引导定语从句。This is the house where I lived two years ago.in whichThe library(which/th

13、at)you visited yesterday was built in 1990.where在定语从句中作地点状语，先行词往往是表示地点的名词。相当于“介词+which”。若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。where 引导的定语从句也可以修饰case,condition,situation,instance,等先行词。There are cases where this rule does not hold good.Can you think of a situation where this word can be used?Do you know the r

14、eason why she was late.The reason why/for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.why在定语从句中作原因状语，常位于reason之后，相当于for which。the reason whyis that的原因是他辞职的原因是他和老板吵架了。The reason why he resigned was that he quarreled with his boss.Mencius believed that the reason whyman is different from animals is

15、 thatman is good.1.在the reason why 结构中，why 引导定语从句，它也可以换为for which或者省略。在从句中作原因状语。2.如果关系代词指代先行词reason在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等时，则用that或which。3.the reason is that结构中，只能用that引导表语从句，不要受汉语的影响，误用because。【例1】I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers,_ has a great effect on my life.A.th

16、at;which B.when;which C.which;that D.when;who 【解析】本题的第一个空格处应填入表示时间的关系副词when，在从句中作状语。答案：B。【例2】Carol said the work would be done by October,_ personally I doubt very much.A.it B.that C.when D.which 【解析】“我个人所怀疑的”是“到十月份这工作能否被完成”，而不是“十月份”，由此判定非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是October,而是前面整个主句的内容。答案：D。【例3】John said hed been

17、working in the office for an hour,_ was true.A.he B.this C.which D.who 【解析】“John说他在办公室工作一个小时了，这件事情是真的”所以要用关系代词which指代这件事情并引导非限制性定语从句。答案：C。【例4】Alice received an invitation from her boss,_came as a surprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he答案C。此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which,it 和he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

18、【例5】The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we could expect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。that 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。【例6】The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A.for which B.at whichC.in which D

19、.on which 本句属于“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句这一情况。通过拆分我们可以得 My students acted in the English play at the New Years party,所以答案为C。【例7】_ is reported in the newspapers,talks between the two countries are making progress.A.It B.As C.That D.What【例8】I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A.ho

20、w B.which C.where D.thatIs this museum _ you visited a few days ago.A.whereB.that C.on whichD.the oneIs this the museum _ the exhibition was held?A.whereB.thatC.on which D.the oneDA【例11】The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months,_ the sailing time was 226 days.A.of whichB.during wh

21、ich C.From whichD.for whichA 关系代词which指代 the journey,定语从句恢复为独立句子应该是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.II.用定语从句翻译下列句子。1.他没来参加我的生日晚会，这令我很失望。2.你能给我解释一下你没来的原因吗？3.众所周知,很多稀有动物处于灭绝的危险中。4.这是我看过的最有趣的电影。5.他爸爸是工程师的那个男孩名叫汤姆。学.科.网1.He didnt come to my birthday party,which made me very disappointed.2.Can you explain to me the reason why you didnt come?3.As we all know,many rare animals are in danger of extinction.4.This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.5.The boy whose father is an engineer is called Tom.Finish the exercises on P54.