2021高考英语一轮复习 选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity课时作业（含解析）新人教版.doc

1、Unit 1A land of diversity课时作业.阅读(2020云南省曲靖市第一中学高考复习质量监测(三)You may already know that more than a million years ago, glaciers, or vast blankets of moving ice, covered one third of the earth. You also may know tens of thousands of years ago, the glaciers started to melt, retreating to their current pos

2、ition in the Antarctic and Greenland. You may even know that glaciers also exist in all the worlds great mountain regions. But do you know that glaciers cover about 6 billion square miles of the earth and store about 75 percent of the earths fresh water?A glacier forms in a cold climate when a winte

3、rs snow does not completely melt during the following summer. Snow continues to accumulate and partially melt year after year. As the accumulated snow becomes heavier, the lower layers crushes under the weight and changes into ice. Over time, the mass of ice thickens and moves. The ice is either pul

4、led slowly downhill by gravityas in the valley glaciers found in the Alps, on the Alaskan coast, and in the Western United Statesor forced outward in all directions by its own weightas in the ice sheets and icecaps covering most of Greenland and Antarctica. During the glaciations (冰川作用), a glacier m

5、oves (usually about 3 feet per day). It picks up pieces of rock that cut and polish the land and carve out steepside valleys. During deglaciation (冰消作用), a glacier withdraws and often leaves large deposits of sand and stones. The process of glaciation and deglaciation formed the Great Lakes in North

6、 American during the Ice Ages.Some scientists believe that ice ages similar to those of the past will occur, but they disagree on when this will happen. Other scientists think that global warming will occur instead, melting the glaciers and flooding areas as sea levels rise. No one knows for certain

7、 which event will occur, but neither predicts well for mankind.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰川的一些情况。1What happens to a glacier during glaciation?AIt moves.BIt leaves stones.CIt leaves sand.DIt forms the Great Lakes.答案：A细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第四句“During the glaciations (冰川作用), a glacier moves (usually about 3 feet per

8、 day)”可知选A。2What will happen if global warming occurs instead of another ice age?AVast blankets of ice will cover the earth.BGlaciers in the Antarctic will increase in size.CPlant and animal life in many related areas will be destroyed.DA winters snow may not completely melt during the following sum

9、mer.答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Other scientists think that global warming will occur instead, melting the glaciers and flooding areas as sea levels rise.”可推理出全球变暖导致冰川融化，致使海平面上升，将淹没很多地区，因此，相关的动植物将受到毁灭性的打击。故选 C。3What is the attitude of the writer towards the argument between scientists in the last paragraph?A

10、Optimistic.BObjective.CPessimistic.DIndifferent.答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“No one knows for certain which event will occur, but neither predicts well for mankind.”可知作者的态度是客观的。故选B。4What is this passage mainly about?AThe Ice Age.BValley glaciers.CIce sheets and ice caps.DGlaciers.答案：D主旨大意题。本文介绍了冰川的各个相关方面。选项A

11、、B、C 太过片面，只有选项D 与文章内容相吻合。故选D。【词汇积累】retreat v. 退却；撤退accumulate v. 积累；积聚crush v. 压坏；挤压变形polish v. 擦光；磨光carve out 雕刻出【长难句分析】Some scientists believe that ice ages similar to those of the past will occur, but they disagree on when this will happen.一些科学家认为，类似过去的冰河时代将会发生，但他们对何时会发生意见不一。分析：此句是并列句。but连接两个分句，第

12、一个分句中that引导宾语从句，其中similar to those of the past为形容词短语作后置定语修饰ice ages；第二个分句中，when引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。.完形填空Tony Hawk was considered to be one of the most successful pioneers of modern skateboarding and we had _1_ him since we first saw him on television. Upon arriving there, we started to _2_， going over a

13、ll the questions we would ask Tony. Shortly after we _3_ and organized the most important questions, there was a knock at the door. I started to _4_. I could not get over the _5_ that I was about to meet the best skateboarder. Tony Hawk walked in and sat down. I was very nervous _6_ somehow was able

14、 to introduce myself. He was _7_ and gave us honest answers to all our questions. Throughout the interview I kept _8_， wow, he was so cool. Most people in his position might be proud but he was _9_ downtoearth (朴实的). He also told us if we never _10_ and worked hard, our dreams would come true. After

15、 the interview, he left. He was _11_ because he had to attend an important meeting. I was so happy to have had this _12_ to interview this great skateboarder, who had got so many _13_ in the world. I would never forget this _14_ and could not wait to get home and _15_ it with my family and friends.

16、篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一次采访偶像Tony Hawk的难忘经历。1A.recognizedBadmiredCmissedDcalled答案：B根据上文中的“Tony Hawk was considered to be one of the most successful pioneers of modern skateboarding”以及下文内容可知，作者很崇拜(admire)他。2A.leaveBperformCworkDmove答案：C根据空格后的“going over all the questions we would ask Tony”可知他们开始工作(work

17、)，重温需要问Tony的问题。3A.pickedBansweredCthrewDfaced答案：A根据空格后的“organized the most important questions”可知，他们在挑选(pick)和组织最重要的问题。4A.askBshoutClaughDshake答案：D根据下文中的“I was very nervous”可知，作者听到敲门声，意识到他崇拜的人来了，就紧张得发抖(shake)。5A.projectBsuggestionCfactDnews答案：C根据空格后的“that I was about to meet the best skateboarder”可知

18、，作者即将采访最优秀的滑板运动员这一事实(fact)令他怎么也平静不下来。6A.asBbutCsoDand答案：B作者非常紧张，可是仍设法介绍了自己。空格前后为转折关系，因此选but。somehow “不知何故”。7A.friendlyBsimpleCshyDcold答案：A从下文“gave us honest answers to all our questions”可知，Tony很友好(friendly)，真诚地回答了所有问题。8A.discussingBreportingCguessingDthinking答案：D根据下文“wow, he was so cool”可知，在整个采访过程中，

19、作者一直在想(think)他好酷啊！9A.partlyBhardlyCreallyDnormally答案：C作者觉得Tony是真正(really)朴实的人。10A.continued onBgave upCturned upDcame back答案：B根据下文中的“our dreams would come true”可知，Tony告诉作者如果他们不放弃(give up)，好好努力，梦想就会实现。continue on “继续”；turn up “出现；调大”；come back “回来”。11A.busyBquietClonelyDstressed答案：A根据下文中的“because he

20、had to attend an important meeting”可知他很忙(busy)。12A.excuseBreasonCplanDchance答案：D作者非常高兴有这个机会(chance)来采访Tony。13A.smilesBawardsCfriendsDgifts答案：B作为在滑板上有一定成就的选手，Tony Hawk获得过许多奖项(award)。14A.gameBideaCexperienceDlesson答案：C根据上文可知，作者获得了一次采访他偶像Tony Hawk的机会，这是作者难以忘记的经历(experience)。15A.replaceBshareCexchangeDs

21、pread答案：B根据语境可知，作者迫不及待地想回到家里，与他的家人以及朋友分享(share)这次经历。replace “代替”；exchange “交换”；spread “传播”。.七选五(2020浙江省温州高三英语第一次模拟)The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. _1_The origin of the Eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures

22、are developed by riversthe Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. _2_ When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plainthe Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Anc

23、ient Greece and Ancient Rome. _3_ Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesnt distinguish from the European culture a lot._4_ Take the language syste

24、m for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race difference counts as well. But whats more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cult

25、ures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost nointerference (干扰) from the other.The differences are everywhere. _5_ But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle (障碍) to the ci

26、vilization of human being. It ought to be the motivation of our going farther.AThey are obvious and affect peoples ways of thinking and their views of the world.BThey helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.CThis is because the culture systems are two separate systems

27、 on the whole.DAt the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences.EAnd these two are wellknown as the base of the European culture.FOne important thing is to learn about other cultures.GLet us work together to keep a variety of culture.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了东西方文化的起源、发展和

28、它们之间的差异性。1C前文提到东西方文化差异很大；下文开始具体讲述两种文化的不同之处；C项(这是因为文化系统在整体上是两个独立的系统)总述两种文化有差异的原因。故选C。2B前一句提到这两种文化都是由沿河流域发展起来的，中国是黄河，印度是印度河；B项(它们帮助这两种文化历经世纪发展起来并形成自己的风格)与此是承接关系，符合语境。故选B。3E前一句提到与此同时，另一种文化孕育于美索不达米亚平原美索不达米亚文明，后来发展成古希腊文化和古罗马文化；E项(这两种文化是欧洲文化的根基)与此紧密衔接并对应。故选E。4D由下文“Take the language system for example.”和“O

29、ther causes like human race difference counts as well.”可知，本段讲的是其他的一些差异也造成了文化的差异。故选D。5A前一句提到这些差异随处可见；结合选项可知，A项(它们很明显，而且影响人们的思维方式和世界观)进一步说明这些差异造成的影响，符合语境。故选A。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Whenever asked what my favourite place is, I have trouble deciding between the two: the American Museum of Natura

30、l History and the Bronx Zoo. Of course, they have many obvious similaritiesboth are in New York City, and both attract people who are interested in animalsbut they have a lot of differences too.Obviously, the zoo is outdoors, and the animals in it are alive, but those arent the differences Im talkin

31、g about. Being at the zoo feels different: Its hot, there are bees and screaming kids everywhere, and the smell of the city mixes with the smells of animals and snack food. Its just so full of life. Even as a kid, I found it was more delightful than going to a rollercoaster (过山车) park or a sporting

32、event.The museum, on the other hand, fills me with a feeling of deep respect. Its just so dark and cool and quiet, with its high ceilings and long echoes (回声). Unlike the zoo, which is always changing, the museum is basically the same every time you go. The same animals have been frozen in the same

33、positions since my grandfather was little; it seems that the staff never change them.I can remember going to both places often as a child, but even those trips were different from each other. I would go to the zoo in summer on a car trip, along with my whole family, but the museum was a special wint

34、ertime thing between my dad and me, and the two of us would take the trainwhich was exciting in itselfrather than drive.Ive lived all over the country, but Ive tried to visit both places at least once every year in my whole life. Although the zoo and the museum are both fun, the real reason why I lo

35、ve them is that they give me knowledge and hope. 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者喜欢去的两个地方：美国自然历史博物馆和布朗克斯动物园。文章还介绍了它们二者的不同之处，以及带给作者的不同乐趣。精彩范文Though both the American Museum of Natural History and the Bronx Zoo appeal to animal lovers, they differ much. (要点1) The zoo is exciting, noisy and changeable, while the museum remains respectable, silent and unchanged. (要点2) In my childhood, I visited the zoo in summer by car but took trains to the museum in winter. (要点3) In a word, I love both because they make me knowledgeable and hopeful. (要点4)