2021-2022学年高中人教版英语必修5作业：UNIT 1　SECTION Ⅰ　WARMING UPPRE-READINGREADING & COMPREHENDING WORD版含解析.docx

1、Unit1GreatscientistsSectionWarmingUp,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending课后篇巩固提升一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.We have drawn a (conclude).Whats it?It is Tom rather than David who made a serious mistake.答案conclusion2.I was so (absorb) in the book that I didnt hear you come in.答案absorbed3.Mary,dont always keep yours

2、elf (expose) to the sun.Its bad for your skin.Thank you.答案exposed4.Do you know how to prove a new idea in (science) research?答案scientific5.She found her new job very (challenge) when she came to the new company.答案challenging6.It is (announce) that the river has been polluted seriously.答案announced7.N

3、either the passengers nor the driver (be) to blame.答案was8.Seeing the doctor,the little boy said he didnt want to (examine).答案be examined二、写出画线部分的汉语意思There was an explosion in a big storehouse.No one had foreseen 1. it and the neighbourhoods 2. near it were affected seriously.Many of the victims 3. w

4、ere sent to the nearest hospital.And the physicians 4. did all they could to save the injured.However,the accidents consequence was severe 5. and some firemen died.We should learn from the explosion and avoid such accidents.答案1.预料,预计2.居民区3.受害者4.医生5.严重的三、单句填空1.I wanted the children to keep (expose) t

5、o the language and culture.答案exposed2.This medicine will cure him his cough.答案of3.To our surprise,the man,who was looked down upon by others in the past,is now control of the whole project.答案in4. conclude,Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying here.答案To5.His expression suggested that he (be) an

6、gry.答案was6.Nobody is to blame it.答案for四、翻译句子1.将你的手表拨快些,它慢了十分钟。(put forward)答案Put your watch forward;its ten minutes slow.2.他们把失败归咎于乔治。 (blame.on)答案They blamed the failure on George.3.会议在十点钟就结束了。(conclude)答案The meeting concluded at ten oclock.4.除了这些理由以外,他什么都没说。(in addition to)答案In addition to these r

7、easons,he said nothing.5.让我们一起去听来自北京大学的李教授的演讲。(attend)答案Lets attend the lecture by Professor Li from Peking University.五、阅读理解AGeorge Washington Carver was born some time in the early mid-1860s.A sickly child,Carver was unable to work in the fields,so he did gardening.He was left with many free hours

8、 to walk in the woodsbeginning his career with nature.He soon became known as the “Plant Doctor” and would help friends and neighbours manage sick plants.In 1890,Carver began to study music and art at Simpson College.His artwork was on show at the 1893 Worlds Fair.Painting gave him the chance to com

9、bine his two lovesart and nature.Yet it was his talents(天赋) for gardening that took him in another direction in 1891.Carver became the first African-American to attend what is today Iowa State University.He proved to be a first-class student and upon graduation he became the schools first African-Am

10、erican teacher.In 1896,he received an invitation from Tuskegee Normal and Industrial School in Tuskegee,Alabama.Upon arriving,he found that the school was short of money so Dr.Carver had to equip his own lab.He and his students would search trash heaps(垃圾堆) for things to use.This proved that Dr.Carv

11、er was well ahead of his time.In 1916,he published a research report on peanuts,which helped many farmers turn to peanuts as a cash crop and saved the economy(经济) of the South when it was destroyed by the cotton insect attack.Carver continued his research with the peanut.He went on to find many uses

12、 for the peanut.But he didnt invent peanut butter(花生酱).Dr.Carvers research earned him much worldwide praise.Dr.George Washington Carver died on January 5,1943,and was buried in Tuskegee.Carver contributed his whole life savings to Tuskegee.Upon his death,Franklin D.Roosevelt gave him this title “An

13、Inspiring Example to Youth Everywhere”.1.How was Carvers childhood?A.He dreamed of being a doctor.B.He grew crops in the fields.C.He enjoyed good health.D.He took up gardening.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“hedidgardening”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver年少时料理花园。2.How was Carvers performance during his education?A.Bad.

14、B.Strange.C.Ordinary.D.Excellent.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Heprovedtobeafirst-classstudent”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver在学校表现出色。3.What do we know about Carvers life in Tuskegee Normal and Industrial School?A.He was well paid by the school.B.He relied on himself to equip his lab.C.He saved money by picking up t

15、rash.D.He published his findings ahead of time.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Uponarriving,hefoundthattheschoolwasshortofmoneysoDr.Carverhadtoequiphisownlab.”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCarver所在的学校没有足够的资金,因此他不得不依靠自己的力量来装备实验室。4.What can be learned about Carvers report on peanuts?A.It made a contribution to the economy.B.

16、It included new findings on peanut butter.C.It prevented peanuts from insects attacking.D.It helped farmers find many other uses of peanuts.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In1916,hepublishedaresearchreportonpeanuts,whichhelpedmanyfarmersturntopeanutsasacashcropandsavedtheeconomyoftheSouth”可知,GeorgeWashingtonCa

17、rver的研究拯救了当时南方的经济危机。BMany of the worlds most well-known people were once successful failures.Here are the stories of a few of them.Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865)Abraham Lincoln was one of Americas greatest leaders,taking the country through the Civil War (from 1860 to 1865).However,his life was never e

18、asy.He started numerous businesses that failed.He went bankrupt twice,and was defeated in 26 campaigns for public office.He later said,“My great concern is not whether you have failed,but whether you are content with your failure.”Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890)Van Gogh is one of the most famous and in

19、fluential painters in the history of Western Art.Hes renowned for paintings such as TheStarryNight,ThePotatoEatersandSunflowers.However,during his lifetime,Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money.Despite this,he carried on painting,sometimes even going without food so he cou

20、ld complete his collection of over 800 known works.Albert Einstein (1879-1955)Albert Einstein won the Noble Prize in Physics in 1921.However,he wasnt always considered as a “genius”.He didnt speak until he was four,and couldnt read until he was seven.His teachers and parents thought he was slow,so h

21、e was expelled from school and couldnt get into the Zurich Polytechnic School.He later famously said,“Success is failure in progress.”Stephen King (born 1947)Stephen King is one of the best-selling authors of all time,but his first book,Carrie,was rejected by about 30 publishers.Eventually,Stephen t

22、hrew it in the bin,but his wife fished it out and encouraged him to resubmit it,which he did successfully this time!5.Which statement is true about Abraham Lincoln?A.He led the American War of Independence.B.He never succeeded in his business.C.He was full of courage and perseverance.D.He is the gre

23、atest president of the United States.答案C解析推理判断题。根据AbrahamLincoln(1809-1865)部分中的“However,hislifewasnevereasy.Helatersaid,Mygreatconcernisnotwhetheryouhavefailed,butwhetheryouarecontentwithyourfailure.”可推断出,亚伯拉罕林肯充满勇气,坚持不懈。故选C项。6.Who became famous all over the world after his death?A.Abraham Lincoln.B

24、.Vincent Van Gogh.C.Albert Einstein.D.Stephen King.答案B解析推理判断题。根据VincentVanGogh(1853-1890)部分中的“However,duringhislifetime,VanGoghsoldonlyonepaintingforaverysmallamountofmoney.”可推断出,凡高是在去世之后才闻名于全世界的。故选B项。7.What was the most likely reason for Albert Einsteins dropping out of school?A.He was too slow to

25、learn.B.He couldnt speak or read.C.His teacher thought he was stupid.D.He didnt obey the school rules.答案C解析推理判断题。根据AlbertEinstein(1879-1955)部分中的“Histeachersandparentsthoughthewasslow,sohewasexpelledfromschoolandcouldntgetintotheZurichPolytechnicSchool.”可推断出,爱因斯坦被退学,最可能的原因就是老师认为他很笨。故选C项。8.What do the

26、 people in the passage have in common?A.They are all Americans.B.They are known for their writings.C.They were born in the same century.D.They all suffered failure before they succeeded.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段“Manyoftheworldsmostwell-knownpeoplewereoncesuccessfulfailures.Herearethestoriesofafewofthem.”可知,这

27、些人们的共同之处在于他们在成功之前都遭遇了失败。故选D项。六、七选五Business owners are often buried in some demands and “duties”.So,learning to say “No” and focus on the right things is very important.Vickie Milazzo,a very successful businessman and author,has some useful advice.Use your time wisely.1 You have to work hard at them

28、every day,sometimes in very small steps.Remember,Rome wasnt built in a day.Dont try to make everything perfect.Sometimes success may not look like what you expected.2 If you are flexible and can adjust your goals,they are often easier to achieve.3You cannot learn much from someone else who is strugg

29、ling to achieve the same goal as you are.Therefore,look around for those who have achieved what you want.Model yourself after them.Keep it fresh.4 Recall your reasons to enter the business.Finding that desire again will often renew your energy.Finally,give yourself a break.If you step back and look

30、at your daily routine calmly,as if it were happening to your best friend,what will your advice be?Will it be:Slow down?5 Or spend a few moments enjoying the day?A.Find successful people to learn and imitate.B.Take a few deep breaths?C.Put all the eggs in one basket.D.So,you should adjust your goals when necessary.E.Do you remember why you chose your career?F.Quit and set a new one for yourself.G.You cant achieve big goals overnight.答案15 GDAEB