2020-2021学年高中英语 课时作业1 Unit 1 Great scientists Warming Up Reading（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

1、Unit 1 Great scientists课时作业1Warming Up & Reading.单词拼写1Kindness is one of the young English teachers characteristics (特征)2If a doctor cures someones illness, he makes the person well again.3Dont jump to the conclusion before you make a careful investigation.4How many people attended (参加) your sisters

2、 wedding yesterday?5They suspect/suspected (怀疑) me of having a hand in the affair.6No one could foresee (预见) ones own future accurately.7If you analyse (分析) something, you consider it carefully or use some methods in order to fully understand it.8Dont expose (暴露) your skin to the sun or you will be

3、burnt.9Water and salt are absorbed (吸收) into our blood every day.10It is difficult to handle (操纵) the machine.选词填空be exposed to, draw a conclusion, be ready to, put forward, be absorbed in, be to blame, link.to, look into, every time, find out1I was_absorbed_in the book so that I didnt hear you come

4、 in.2The idea you put_forward at the meeting yesterday is more practical than his.3The public want to know who is_to_blame for the accident.4The doctor examined the patient carefully and then drew_a_conclusion.5If you are_exposed_to English reading and listening every day, you are sure to make much

5、progress in it.6He took a glance at the back of the book to find_out the answers to the questions.7If you behave so foolishly, you must be_ready_to take the consequences.8Every_time Kobe visits China, he receives a warm welcome from his Chinese fans.9Is smoking linked_to lung cancer?10The police pro

6、mised to look_into the accident.单句语法填空1We are surprised to see your illness linked (link) to the food you eat every day.2At the end of their meeting, it was_announced (announce) that an agreement had been reached.3Exposed (expose) to so many advertisements, we cant help being persuaded to buy someth

7、ing we dont really need.4The river is so polluted (pollute) that it is unsafe for swimming and fishing.5Both scattering and absorption (absorb) make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.6By analysing (analyse) the parts of the sentence we learn more about E

8、nglish grammar.7He was determined to find out the reason why cholera was so severe in this area.8John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.9What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?10An effective cure for cancer has not yet been found.课文语法填空John

9、 Snow, a wellknown doctor in London, became 1.inspired (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people 2.exposed (expose) to cholera, a 3.deadly (die) disease of its day. Many thousands of people died 4.whenever there was an outbreak because no one knew the cause of it. John wanted to help s

10、olve the problem.He got interested in two theories 5.explaining (explain) how cholera killed people. He believed in the second theory 6.that/which suggested that people 7.absorbed (absorb) the disease with their meals. In 1854, when another outbreak hit London, he was ready to test 8.the two theorie

11、s. 9.With the help of the map he made, he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was 10.to_blame (blame). “King Cholera” was finally defeated.阅读理解AWhat a Scientist Is LikeIf you were asked to imagine a scientist, what image would come to your mind?

12、 The common idea that most kids from kindergarten through college have of a scientist is a man wearing a white lab coat with messy hair, big glasses, and several glass cups of mysterious colourful liquids giving off clouds of smoke. As for adults, the majority view scientists as strange people who s

13、pend 100 hours a week slaving away in a lonely laboratory. However, the reality is quite different.Recently Ive had a chance to take part in a scientific experience far from my laboratory and into Costa Rica. It supports a huge amount of wildlife due to its geographical placement between North and S

14、outh America. It is home to more than 500,000 species, which are at present nearly 4% of the total species worldwide!First we worked alongside conservationists to preserve wildlife at a leatherback turtle (棱皮龟) rescue centre. We helped the volunteers preserve turtle populations by removing rubbish f

15、rom the shoreline to create a safe environment for turtle eggs to come out. After that we stayed at Mount Arenal where we studied seismic activity relating to earthquakes. During our stay at Arenal, we rode over the mountainous areas and took a long walk through the rainforest. After reaching the to

16、p, we went down and through waterfalls to the beautiful valley below! On the last day we got a handson introduction to rocket science where we learned about new rocket technology that will be used on the international space station.During my Costa Rica experience, I know that being a scientist doesn

17、t mean working in a lab all day and night. A scientist is one who loves learning and getting a better understanding of the world from helping preserve wildlife, learning about earthquakes or inventing rockets. I think that schools should really stress that science is so much more than wearing a lab

18、coat and mixing chemicals. Kids need to be aware of the excitement and adventures science can bring!人们通常认为科学家整天在实验室做着无聊的实验。作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉人们，科学家并不是人们通常所认为的样子，以此鼓励孩子们要热爱科学，并去研究科学。1According to the first paragraph, scientists are often believed _.Ato work as slavesBto behave in a strange wayCto spend to

19、o much time in labsDto do experiments in messy labs答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的the majority view scientists as strange people who spend 100 hours a week slaving away in a lonely laboratory可知，人们通常认为科学家大多数时间都在实验室做实验。故选C项。2How did the author help to preserve the turtle populations?ABy creating a safe nest for t

20、urtles.BBy picking up rubbish from the shoreline.CBy collecting the turtle eggs on the beach.DBy finding a comfortable environment for turtles.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的We helped the volunteers preserve turtle populations by removing rubbish from the shoreline to create a safe environment for turtle eggs

21、to come out.可知，作者是通过清除海岸上的垃圾来保护海龟蛋使其顺利出壳的方式帮助海龟的。故选B项。3What does the author learn about science from his experience?AScience is full of boring experiments.BScience is more than working in a lab.CScience is related to mysterious liquids.DScience is about wildlife and earthquakes.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的

22、I know that being a scientist doesnt mean working in a lab all day and night可知，作者通过这次经历，了解了科学家并非总是日夜在实验室工作。故选B项。4What is the purpose of this passage?ATo encourage kids to study science.BTo tell the story of travelling in Costa Rica.CTo expect more people to travel in Costa Rica.DTo share the secrets

23、 behind science phenomena.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I think that schools should really stress that science is so much more than wearing a lab coat and mixing chemicals. Kids need to be aware of the excitement and adventures science can bring！可推知作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励孩子们去学习科学，真正了解科学。BBabies teach their older broth

24、ers and sisters empathy (同感), according to a new research. Empathy means understanding and entering others feelings. Until now, younger kids have generally been regarded to learn plenty from their older brothers or sisters but dont give back much. But this study, published in Child Development confi

25、rms that younger siblings (兄弟姐妹) ensure their big brothers and sisters dont grow into disgusting peopleno easy task.“Although its assumed that older siblings and parents have the primary socializing influences on younger siblings development but not vice versa, we found that both younger and older s

26、iblings positively contributed to each others empathy over time，” study coauthor Marc Jambon said in a statement. Prior sibling studies have focused on the influence of older brothers and sisters, probably because their impact is most obvious. As one review of literature notes, studies have shown th

27、at older siblings influence everything from their younger siblings motor development to their risk of smoking later in life. And although separated studies have tried to pin_down effects that younger siblings have on their older siblings, the influence of baby brothers and sisters remains unclear.Fo

28、r this new study, Jambon and his colleagues recruited(招募) a diverse group of 452 Canadian sibling pairs between the ages of 18 months and four years. At the start of the study, individual researchers assessed childrens baseline empathy levels by visiting the kids at home and then pretending to hurt

29、themselves or break a valuable item. Eighteen months later, they found small but significant increases in empathy.One unexpected exceptionolder sisters did not appear to experience increased empathy after 18 months living with their little brothers, specifically. The researchers arent sure why this

30、exception appeared, and they recommend that future studies dive into more complex phenomena.一项新的研究表明婴儿教他们的哥哥姐姐有同理心，兄弟姐妹们在一起能以积极的方式互相影响，但还有很多问题要进一步深入研究才能确定。5What has been found in the new research?AYoung kids could show more sympathy on others.BYoung siblings know more about empathy than the older.CY

31、ounger siblings could contribute to their older ones empathy.DYounger kids can learn a lot from their older brothers or sisters.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Babies teach their older brothers and sisters empathy (同感), according to a new research.可知新的研究表明婴儿教他们的哥哥姐姐有同理心。6What does Marc Jambon say about kids em

32、pathy development?ASiblings influence each other in a positive way.BParents play a more important role than siblings.COlder siblings have far more obvious influences.DYounger siblings make much smaller contribution.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的we found that both younger and older siblings positively contribu

33、ted to each others empathy over time可知，随着时间的推移，Marc他们发现兄弟姐妹们对彼此的同理心(的养成)产生了积极的作用。7What do the underlined words “pin down” in paragraph 2 mean?AAssess. BLimit.CConfirm. DReduce.答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词所在句的后半句the influence of baby brothers and sisters remains unclear可知，小弟弟和小妹妹的影响仍然不清楚。由although可知，前半句与后半句构成转折，C项Confirm “确定”，与后面的unclear构成转折。