2021-2022版高中英语外研版必修5学案：MODULE 1　BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH　INTRODUCTION .doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Module 1British and American EnglishIntroduction & Reading and Vocabulary词汇知识自主学习. 用本模块单词填空1. He answered our questions in English but with a thick accent(口音). 2. Comparing(比较) Tom with other athletes, you will find that Tom has the perfe

2、ct body shape for a swimmer. 3. It is obvious(显而易见的) that she is very clever because she can work out such a difficult problem. 4. Her letter was so confusing(令人困惑的) that I could hardly make any sense of it. 5. The customers made a number of rude remarks(评论) about the goods on sale. 6. All varieties

3、(种类) of goods for daily use are available in the shopping mall. 7. Although our looks differ (不同), we are both attractive. 8. To my delight, the students worked very hard and were making progress steadily(不断地). 9. The students majoring in medicine must study the structure(结构) of the human body. 10.

4、It is said that the first settlers (定居者) of this country are prisoners. . 根据语境选用方框中适当的短语填空have. . . in common, make a difference, get around, queue up/stand in line, compare. . . with. . . , be similar to, have difficulty (in), lead to, prefer to, fill up with1. Experts call on people to use public

5、transport to get around. 2. They have become close friends, for they have much in common. 3. He knows few English words, so he has difficulty(in) understanding the report. 4. It is good manners to queue up/stand in line to buy tickets at the box office. 5. What do you think has led to so many disast

6、ers? 6. The kind man volunteers because he wants to make a difference in the world. 7. The hall filled up with cheers and outcries of jealousy(嫉妒). 8. I prefer to take part in outdoor activities on the weekends as I want to get close to nature. 9. My new dress is similar to the one you have. 10. I c

7、ompared the copy with the original, but there was not much difference. . 根据句意完成句子1. Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, its a torch. 美国人把手电筒称为flashlight, 而英国人则叫它torch。2. Since the 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet, it has been possible to listen to British and American English

8、 at the flick of a switch. 自从20世纪80年代以来, 通过卫星电视和互联网, 只需按一下开关就可能听到英式和美式英语。3. The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be heard on the East coast of the US. 在美国东海岸能听到与英式英语非常相似的口音。4. This international dimension suggests that in the future, there are going to be many “Englishes”, not j

9、ust two main varieties. 从国际层面来说, 在未来将会有很多种英语, 而不仅仅是两种。5. But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear. 但是这也致使大量美式单词和结构传入英式英语, 所以现在有些人认为英式英语将会消失。根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格1. -ly用于形容词后构成副词, 表示程度stead

10、y steadily不断地; 持续地carefulcarefully细心地probableprobably可能地rapidrapidly迅速地2. “be + adj. +介词to”构成的短语, 在句中作谓语be similar to与相似be harmful to对有害be known to为所知be good/beneficial to有益于阅读精析合作学习Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解The structure of the text答案: 1. vocabulary2. meaning3. grammar4. Spelling 5. simpler6. accentsTask 2

11、文本微观剖析: 细节探究1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。(1)What are the four ways in which British and American English are different? A. Vocabulary, accent, grammar and spelling. B. Vocabulary, grammar, spelling and pronunciation. C. Vocabulary, speaking, spelling and grammar. D. Vocabulary, writing, grammar and pronunciati

12、on. (2)Whats the main idea of the first paragraph? A. Differences in words that are not well known. B. Differences in grammar. C. Differences in words that are well known. D. Differences in British English and American English. (3)_have/has made it easier for the British and Americans to understand

13、each other. A. Television B. RadioC. The Internet D. Both A and C(4)How many languages can Monita Rajpal speak? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. (5)In the future, users of English will all be able to understand each other _. A. only in the same country B. in AmericaC. in different countries D. in

14、 England答案: (1)(5)BCDBC(6)Why do many people believe that British English will disappear in the future? Because lots of American words and structures have passed into it. 2. 根据文章内容完成空格。Four ways in which British and American English differThe obvious way is in the vocabulary. Americans use automobil

15、es, freeways, gas, subway and cab (1)_ the British use cars, motorways, petrol, underground and taxi respectively. The same word may have a different meaning. Chips are (2)_(piece) of hot fried potato in Britain while in America chips (3)_(sell) in packets. The chips the British know are called Fren

16、ch fries in America. Differences in grammarThe British say Have you got. . . ? while Americans prefer Do you have. . . ? Besides, the British use prepositions (4)_Americans sometimes omit them. Differences in (5)_ (spell) and pronunciationAmericans use center, color and program (6)_ of centre, colou

17、r, programme. Despite that, a Londoner has more (7)_ (difficult) understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker. 答案: (1)while(2)pieces(3)are sold(4)where(5)spelling (6)instead(7)difficulty3. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。译文: 当爱尔兰作家乔治萧伯纳说“英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个民族”这句名言的时候, 他显然想到了它们的区别。Task 3阅读思维升华

18、: 主题实践1. 结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。(1)What do you think is the main reason why British and American English are different? With time passing and development of society as well as the immigration of people, many differences appear. (2)How should we understand the differences? Its natural that there are differen

19、ces between British and American English and users of English have no difficulty understanding each other. 2. 根据提示, 运用本模块词汇与句型完成短文。(1)一位语言学家(linguist)认为他在美国旅行(get around)不会有困难(have no difficulty), 因为英式与美式英语有很多共同点(have a lot in common)。(2)尽管(while)与许多其他语言学家相比(compared to), 他的英语很好, 但他的口音(accent)与当地人不同

20、(differ from), 这导致(lead to)了许多误解。A linguist thought he would have no difficulty in getting around in America as British and American English have a lot in common. While his English is excellent compared to many other linguists, his accent differs from the local people, which led to a lot of misunder

21、standing. 要点精研探究学习1. confusing adj. 令人困惑的; 难懂的*Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. 有时候同一个单词的含义有微小的差别, 这让人很困惑。*Dont confuse Austria with/and Australia. 不要把奥地利与澳大利亚弄混淆了。*A man in confusion cannot focus on his work. 思绪混乱的人不可能集中精力做他的工作。*All the roads looked

22、the same and he felt thoroughly confused. 所有的路看上去都一样, 他完全糊涂了。【导图理词】【巧学助记】 一语言尽confuse众兄弟They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do. 他们提了如此多令人费解的问题, 把我难住了。我完全困惑了, 困惑地站在那儿, 不知道应该做什么。【知识延伸】表示感情的动词都有其-ing形式和-ed形式, -

23、ing形式和-ed形式相当于形容词, 前者表示“令人的”, 后者表示“感到的”。常见的这样的动词有amaze (使惊奇); amuse (使发笑); annoy (使生气); astonish (使吃惊); bore (使乏味); disappoint (使失望); confuse (使迷惑); discourage (使泄气); excite(使兴奋); encourage(鼓励); embarrass (使尴尬); frighten (使害怕); interest (使感兴趣); move (使感动); puzzle (使迷惑); surprise (使惊讶); satisfy (使满足)

24、; shock (使震惊); tire (使疲倦); worry (使担心)等。(2019天津高考)The author takes novel reading as a way to get away from a confusing world. 作者把阅读小说作为一种摆脱混乱世界的方法。(2018天津高考)She stepped down, looking confused. 她走下来, 看上去很困惑。 语法填空。(1)So much alike are you and your sister that I always confuse you with her. (2)This pap

25、er is written in a confusing(confuse) linguistic style. (3)Hes trying to figure out a way to solve the confusing (confuse) puzzle. (4)(2019江苏高考)In one week he was the confused (confuse)owner of a cone five hundred feet high. 2. compare vi. & vt. 比较, 对照; 比喻为, 比作 n. 比较*Prepositions, too, can be differ

26、ent: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British). 介词的用法也有所不同: 比较一下on the team, on the weekend (美式) 和in the team, at the weekend (英式)。*It is said that Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 据说, 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。*Compared with a quite ordinary star, like th

27、e sun, the earth is small indeed. 与一个很普通的恒星如太阳相比较, 地球的确很小。*Comparing this one with that one, you will see which one is better. 把这个与那个进行比较, 你会看到哪一个更好。*This view is beyond compare. 这景色无与伦比。 (1)compare. . . with. . . 比较和compare. . . to. . . 把比作compare notes with sb. 与某人交换意见(2)compared with/to和相比(常作状语)(

28、3)beyond/without compare无与伦比; 举世无双【巧学助记】图解compare常见短语(2020全国卷)It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991. 据说, 与1991年的16%相比, 2534岁的年轻人中约20%与父母同住。(2019江苏高考)By comparison, the brains of apes require only 8% of rest-time energy. 相比之下, 类人猿在休息时，大脑只需要8%的

29、能量。 语法填空。(1)Compared (compare) to his sister, the lady earned much more money by selling womens clothes. (2)Comparing(compare) the two cultures will give you a better understanding of the differences between them. (3)(2019江苏高考)The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily

30、 large brains compared with other animals. (4)Compared (compare) with our small flat, Bills house seemed like a palace. (5)The poet compares his lover to a rose in his poems. 3. differ vi. 不同, 有区别*The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation. 这两种英语的另外两个有区别的方面是

31、拼写和发音。*Chinese differs greatly from English in pronunciation. 汉语的发音与英语大不相同。*Their tastes differ from each other so they differ widely in their opinions. 他们的口味不同, 因此他们的观点极不相同。 (1)differ with sb. about/on/over sth. 与某人在某事上意见不一致differ from sth. in. . . 在方面不同于(2)differencen. 不同differentadj. 不同的different

32、lyadv. 不同地(2020浙江高考)His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. 他的朋友们嘲笑他照顾他的妹妹, 他的兴趣与我的完全不同。(2019全国卷)Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. 每个人都使用键盘, 每个人打字都不一样。语法填空。(1)The brothers differ widely in their tastes. (2)British E

33、nglish differs from American English in many ways. (3)Our sons are different(differ) from each other. (4)(2020江苏高考)Multiple genes behaved differently (different), depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. (5)(2020天津高考)After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two

34、 qualities make the difference (different) between men of great achievement and men of average performance: curiosity and discontent. 4. lead to 引起; 导致; 通向*A degree in English could lead to a career in journalism. 拿到英语专业学位可以让你有机会从事新闻工作。*His failure led him to change his original plan. 他的失败致使他改变了最初的计

35、划。*The old couple are leading a happy life now. 这对老夫妇现在过着幸福的生活。*As a leader, you should take the lead in doing this thing. 作为一个领导, 你应该带头做这件事情。 (1)lead to+n. /v. -ing导致; 通向(2)lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事lead sb. to/into. . . 领着某人去/进入lead a happy life过着幸福的生活(3)in the lead带头, 处于领先地位take the lead带头【巧学助记】都

36、是“lead to”惹的祸The guide led us to a wrong road, which led to a different place. It led us to walk two more miles, which led to our missing the lunch. 导游领我们去了一条错误的路, 它通向一个不同的地方。这使我们多走了两英里, 导致我们错过了午饭。【知识延伸】“动词+介词to”构成的短语keep to遵守devote. . . to. . . 致力于contribute to 有助于; 为做贡献; 投稿; 捐款take to 开始从事; 开始喜欢;

37、养成习惯, 沉湎于turn to 求助于stick to 坚持object to 反对(2019天津高考)Small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. 顶端捕食者的微小变化可以给整个生态系统造成巨大影响。语法填空。(1)Look over there-theres a very long, winding path leading (lead) up to the house. (2)What do you think led Tom to think(think) so

38、? (3)The new evidence led to the thief being caught(catch) in the end. (4)The road leading(lead) to the city center is always busy. 5. Since the 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet, it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch. This non-stop communica

39、tion, the experts think, has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other. 自从20世纪80年代以来, 随着卫星电视和互联网的使用, 轻按开关便可以听到英式英语和美式英语已经成为可能。专家们认为, 这种不间断的交流使得英国人和美国人相互理解起来更加容易。【句式解构】在这两句中有两个it。第一个it作形式主语, 真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switc

40、h。第二个it作形式宾语, 真正的宾语是for British people and Americans to understand each other。*(2020全国卷)He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. 他说, 虽然不容易说服人们相信海狸鼠皮毛是环保的, 但是他对此毫不怀疑。*(2019全国卷)For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading play

41、er when discussing fashion. 对希尔来说, 在谈论时尚的时候, 不把中国作为主角来谈论是不可能的。*(2019江苏高考)The big brains make it harder for the body to move around and consume more energy. 超大脑使身体更难活动, 并消耗更多的能量。*It took him a long time to acquire the skills he needed to become a good dancer. 他花了很长时间才获得成为一名优秀的舞蹈家所需要的技能。*Its strange t

42、hat he should have taken the books without the owners permission. 很奇怪, 他竟然未经主人的同意就拿走了那些书。*We thought it no use explaining to him what happened here because he didnt care. 我们认为向他解释这里发生了什么是没用的, 因为他并不关心。 it作形式主语和形式宾语句型小结(1)it 作形式主语的常见句型 It + be + 形容词/名词词组 + to do sth. /doing/that从句 It + be + no use/no

43、good+ doing / that从句 It + be + 过去分词 + that从句(2)it 作形式宾语的句型 think/make/find/consider/feel/suppose +it+形容词/名词词组+ to do sth. / doing / that从句语法填空。(1)It is no use reciting(recite) the key points without understanding them. (2)The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell(tell) one

44、from the other. (3)To make it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand. 【要点拾遗】1. have. . . in common有相同的特点*We have really everything in common with America nowadays, except of course, language. 现今我们真的与美国在每一件事情上都有共同之处, 当然语言除外。*What surprised me most is that the twins have no

45、thing in common with each other. 使我最为吃惊的是这对双胞胎毫无共同之处。*We two have so much in common that we can get along very well. 我们俩有这么多的共同点, 以至于能够很好地相处。*In common with most young people, he is fond of playing basketball. 与大多数年轻人一样, 他喜欢打篮球。have something/nothing/little in common with与有一些/没有/几乎没有共同点have much/a l

46、ot in common with与有很多共同点in common with 与相同, 和一样(1)They have a lot in common and get along well with each other. 他们有很多相同之处, 相处得很融洽。(2)They are twin sisters, yet they have little in common in their hobbies. 她们是孪生姐妹, 但是她们的爱好几乎没有相同之处。(3)In common with other companies, they advertise widely as well. 和其他公

47、司一样, 他们也广泛地做广告。2. make a difference有影响, 使不相同; 起作用*It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English. 老师讲英式英语还是讲美式英语没有太大的差别。*Whether it rains or not makes no difference to me. 下不下雨对我来说都一样。*Little people can make a big difference. 小人物能有大作为。make no/little differen

48、ce (to sb. /sth. )(对某人/某物)没有/几乎没有影响make some/much/a great difference (to sb. /sth. )(对某人/某物)有一些/很大影响tell the difference辨别, 区分巧辨difference的不可数在make a difference中, 虽然difference前面有不定冠词a, 但difference在此短语中是不可数名词, 所以可以说make no/little/much/some difference。(1)What you said just now made no difference to him

49、. 刚才你说的话对他没有什么影响。(2)The twins look so similar that you can hardly tell the difference between them. 这对双胞胎看起来太像了, 你简直无法把他们区分开来。(3)Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a difference in the world. Hannah是在世界上有影响的众多年轻榜样中的一位。3. get around 四处走动(旅行); (消息等)传开; 劝服; 克服*As a tourist, yo

50、u will need to use the underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi (British) or cab (American). 作为游客, 你在伦敦要乘坐的地铁叫underground, 而在纽约则叫subway, 或者你更愿意乘坐taxi(英式)或者cab(美式)游览城市。*He has difficulty getting his ideas across to the people present at

51、the meeting. 他很难向出席会议的人讲清楚自己的观点。get along/on相处, 进展get away from 摆脱, 逃离get down to (doing) sth. 开始认真做某事get in 进站, 到达; 插话; 收获, 收割get through 做完; 通过(考试); 接通(电话); 度过(时间)get up 起床, 起身(2019全国卷)Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a

52、smart keyboard. 来自佐治亚理工学院的研究人员说, 他们已经想出了一种低成本的能解决这个问题的设备: 一个智能键盘。Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news gets around quickly. 好事不出门, 坏事传千里。(1)Xu Xiake, after 30 years of getting around, wrote many travel diaries on famous mountains and other places, which were compiled into a book calle

53、d The Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake. 徐霞客游历30年, 写的众多游记整理成书, 即徐霞客游记。(2)If you can get over your present difficulties, then everything should be all right. 如果你能克服目前的困难, 一切都会顺利。(3)I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldnt get through. 昨天我试着给你打过几次电话, 但是没有打通。4. have difficulty (in) doing sth.

54、 做某事有困难*A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker. 伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人讲话比听懂纽约人讲话更难。*As she grew older, she had more difficulty(in) keeping focused. 随着年龄的增长, 她更难集中精力。*Children with low self-control have difficulty managing money in later life.

55、自制力弱的孩子在日后的生活中在金钱管理方面有困难。*When your partner has difficulty with eye contact, this communicates lack of interest or it could be shyness. 如果你的同伴不愿抬眼跟你对望, 那么对方要么对你提不起兴趣, 要么就是害羞。have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难have difficulty with sth. 在某事上有困难There is difficulty in doing sth. 做某事很费劲(1)have difficulty

56、 (in) doing sth. 中的difficulty是不可数名词。(2)对这个短语的另外一种常见的考查是the difficulty sb. has/had doing sth. 表示“某人做某事遇到的困难”。 【知识延伸】其他表示“做某事有困难/很愉快”的类似的短语have a hard time (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难have a good time (in) doing sth. 做某事很愉快have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很有趣(2020 天津高考)If you

57、have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. 如果你在阅读上有困难, 可以询问一些特殊的阅读机会。语法填空。(1)Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently. (2)The difficulties the kids had climbing(climb) the mountain was unbelievable. (3)So little education did he have t

58、hat he had trouble (in) finding(find) a job. (4)There is some difficulty finding(find) the house. 拓视野观天下1. In the US, however, when a topic is“tabled, ” that typically means that its postponed until it can be discussed at a later date. To make things even more confusing, the phrase “on the table” in

59、 America could mean that something is up for discussion. 然而, 在美国, 如果一个议题被tabled, 通常指这个议题被延后, 以后再讨论。更让人困惑的是, on the table这个短语在美国的意思是“提到议程上”。2. More than 5, 800 Americans gave up their citizenship in the first six months of 2020 compared to the 2, 072 Americans who renounced their citizenship in all o

60、f 2019. 在2020年的前六个月, 超过5800名美国人放弃了美国国籍, 而2019年全年放弃美国国籍的人数为2072人。3. Top US infectious diseases expert Anthony Fauci testified in the Senate on Tuesday his concerns that ending lockdowns could lead to uncontrollable outbreaks. 美国顶级传染病专家安东尼福奇上周二在参议院作证时表示, 他担心结束封锁可能会导致无法控制的疫情暴发。4. Studies show people wi

61、th the novel coronavirus are most infectious just at the point when they first begin to feel unwell, which has made it so hard to control spread of the virus that causes COVID-19. 研究显示, 新冠肺炎患者一开始感到身体不适时最具传染性, 这使得控制新冠肺炎传播非常困难。5. The COVID-19 pandemic has already had a significant impact on the way pe

62、ople move about towns and cities, with some parts of the country changing their layout to make it easier for people to get around by bike or by walking. 新冠肺炎疫情已经对人们在城镇的出行方式产生了重大影响, 部分地区已经改变了道路布局, 方便人们骑车或走路出行。课时检测素养达标. 语段填词1. The manager confused the project with another one. All the workers felt con

63、fused about his confusing words. (confuse)2. Jack has a different character from his twin brother and they behave differently. So you will find they differ from each other if you notice their differences. (differ)3. I decided to settle down in the settlement. It was built by the early settlers and i

64、s now developing fast. (settle)4. Languages are developing steadily(不断地), each with different accents(口音). Linguists are working hard to find out all the varieties(种类) of each language. 5. Obviously(显然), there is something wrong with the structure(结构) of the building. And some remarks(评论) have been

65、made online. . 选词填空have no difficulty in, remark on, be similar to, get around, lead to, have much in common, confuse. . . with. . . , make a difference, differ from, compare. . . with. . . 1. Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. 2. With this map helping us, we had no difficulty

66、in finding his house last Saturday. 3. Some people are more attracted to those who are similar to them. 4. In the crowded city, cycling is the best way to get around as it needs little parking space. 5. It is rude to remark on others behind their back. 6. People differ from one another in their abil

67、ity to handle stress. 7. Teachers often confuse me with my twin sister. 8. The police compared the suspects fingerprints with those found at the crime scene. 9. People from Shanghai can easily understand Suzhou dialect, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 10. It could make a

68、 difference between missing your train and getting to work on time. . 完成句子1. He likes playing basketball, while I like listening to music. 他喜欢打篮球, 而我喜欢听音乐。2. No matter where/Wherever he travels, he misses his homeland. 无论他到哪里旅行, 他都很想念他的祖国。3. It is possible for him to pass the exam this time. 他这次有可能通

69、过考试。4. The heavy fog made it difficult for him to see the road clearly. 大雾使他很难看清道路。5. Ill give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself. 我会把所有事实都告诉你, 以便你能自己做出判断。. 课文语法填空British English 1. differ(difference) from American English in many ways. The most obvious way is in the vocabulary. So

70、metimes, the same word has a 2. slightly(slight) different meaning, which can be 3. confusing(confuse). Besides, there are some differences in grammar, spelling and pronunciation between the two varieties, 4. which sometimes makes people from different places have 5. difficulty(difficult) in underst

71、anding each other. Despite the differences, they still have much 6. in common, and communications across the Atlantic 7. have developed(develop) steadily, which has led to them 8. moving(move) closer. Though there seem to be many “Englishes” and people speak English with different 9. accents(accent), users of English will all be able to understand each other, 10. wherever they are.