新教材2021-2022学年高中外研版英语选择性必修第四册学案：UNIT 2 LESSONS IN LIFE 突破 语法大冲关 WORD版含解析.doc

1、被动语态观察例句观察下列句子并指出所用的时态和语态1My washing machine is being repaired this week，so I have to wash my clothes by hand.现在进行时的被动语态2I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had been carried out in the past two years.一般过去时的被动语态3When fat and salt are removed from food，the food tastes

2、as if it is missing something.一般现在时的被动语态4The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.一般将来时的被动语态归纳用法一、各种时态的被动语态形式(以do为例)时态被动语态一般现在时am/is/aredone一般将来时will/shall/be going to/be tobedone现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone一般过去时was/weredone现在完成时have/

3、hasbeendone过去完成时hadbeendone过去进行时was/werebeingdone情态动词bedone二、使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题1主动变为被动时，宾语成了主语 ，(作补语的)不定式前需加to(位置不变)。The boss made him work all day long.He was made to work all day long(by the boss)2主动变为被动时，可将双宾语中的任何一个作为主语。My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.An interesting book was giv

4、en to me(by my friend)on my birthday.I was given an interesting book(by my friend)on my birthday.3短语动词变被动语态时，不要掉“尾巴”(即不要丢掉后面的介词或副词)。The children were taken good care of(by her)Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.4情态动词，be going to，be to，be sure to，have to等结构变为被动语态时，只需将它们后面的动词原

5、形变为“be过去分词”。We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.5当句子的谓语为say，believe，expect，think，know，write，consider，report等时，被动语态有两种形式：(1)谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主语补足语。(2)谓语动词用被动语态，用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。People say he is a smart boy.He is said to be a smart boy.It is said that he

6、 is a smart boy.People know paper was made in China first.Paper was known to be made in China first.It is known that paper was made in China first.名师点津1不能用被动语态的几种情况：(1)表示状态的谓语动词，如：last，hold，contain，fit，cost等。(2)表示归属的动词或短语，如have，belong to等。(3)表示“希望、意图、喜好”的动词，如：wish，want，hope，like，love，hate等。(4)宾语是反身代

7、词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。(5)宾语是同源宾语、动词不定式、动名词等，谓语动词不用被动语态。2主动形式表示被动意义：(1)当连系动词feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时；当cut，read，sell，wear，write，wash等作为不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。The flowers smell sweet.花儿散发着芳香。This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布料容易洗。(2)break out，shut off，take place

8、，turn off，work out等短语表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意义时。The lamps on the wall turned off.墙上的灯熄灭了。即学即练单句语法填空The song which is being sung(sing)on the stage now was just written by Albert，for whom being a famous musician is his forever dream.It is reported (report)that many people die of traffic accidents each year.Acco

9、rding to the result of the inspection，they found that the insect contains a powerful drug，so local farmers were employed (employ)to catch the insects.At the end of December，the librarys old and classic books will be put(put)online too，bringing borrowers a lot of convenience.Facial recognition techno

10、logy has been extended(extend)into many areas of school life so far.单句语法填空1The workers were made to work(work) ten hours a day.2Do you have any problems if you are offered( offer) this job?Well, Im thinking about the salary.3When I got there, all the money had run (run)out.4Much progress has been ma

11、de (make) in China with the help of the peoples hard work.5Nowadays, more new technologies are being applied (apply)in the field of IT.6I have to go to work by taxi because my car is being repaired (repair) at the garage.7The flowers were so lovely that they sold (sell) out in no time.8George return

12、ed after the war, only to be told (tell) that his wife had left him.9Weve had a good start，but next，more work needs doing (do) to achieve the final success.10Take your time！There is a lot of time for you to get dressed (dress).短文语法填空It is tough for any basketball player to get to the major leagues，b

13、ut Jim Abbott had an extra obstacle that should 1.be overcome(overcome)He might have been an average person if he 2.had been born(born)with a right hand.When Abbott was young，other children 3.were teasing(tease)him constantly.This didnt stop Abbott.He loved sports，and he practiced constantly.In high

14、 school Abbott 4.joined(join)the school basketball team and became a pitcher(投手)for the team.Later he 5.attended(attend)University of Michigan on a basketball scholarship. In 1987 Abbott 6.was named (name)Americans top amateur athlete，and in 1988 he pitched his way to a gold medal in the Olympics.Bu

15、t Abbott didnt think he 7. was finished(finish)yet.Abbott went straight to the majors.He pitched for the California Angels and later for the New York Yankees.How did Abbott accomplish all this with just one hand？This is what fans often asked.Jim Abbott 8. was seen(see)a lefthanded pitcher，not as a onehanded pitcher.He once said that he didnt grow up thinking about not having a right hand.When asked to explain how he 9.had made(make)it to the top，Abbott said，“If I had not worked very hard，I 10.would be (be) a failure now.The only thing that could stop me was myself.”5