2022年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 13 People学案 北师大版必修5.doc

1、Unit 13People(一)阅读词汇明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1selfassessment n自我评估2lawyer n. 律师3senior adj. 高级的4physicist n. 物理学家5uniform n. 制服6chain n. 链条；一连串的事物7athletic adj. 喜爱运动的8harvest n. 收获9assistant n. 助手，助理10academic adj. 学术的11clerk n. 职员12scholar n. 学者13block n. 大厦；街区14satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星15pray vt.&vi. 祈祷，祷告第二组：写其形

2、1weakness n. 弱点，缺陷2accuse vt. 控告，谴责3possibility n. 可能性4desire n. 渴望，欲望5account n. (银行)账户6deserve vt. 应得，值得7grateful adj. 感激的，感谢的8previous_ adj. 以前的，过去的9gain vt. 获得；增加10positive adj. 积极的11upset adj. 不安的，不快的12glare vi. 怒视，瞪13anxiety n. 忧虑，担心14guilty adj. 不安的；有罪的15fault n. 错误；缺点16aboard prep. 在(上)船(飞机、

3、火车、公共汽车)上17requirement n. 要求18disability n. 残疾，无能力(二)表达词汇晓其变、通其用1strength n长处，优势strengthen v增强strong adj.强壮的2concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)concentration n专心，专注3associate vt.联想，联系association n联想；协会4expression n表情；词语；感情express vt.表达，表示 n快递5accurately adv.精确地，准确地accurate adj.精确的，准确的accuracy n精确6description

4、 n描述，形容describe v描写，描述describer n描述者7predict vt.预言，预测prediction n预测，预告predictor n预言家8independent adj.独立的independence n独立depend vi.依赖，依靠9relief n减轻，宽慰relieve v使安慰；缓解10judge vt.评判 n法官judgement n判断，判断力11devote vt.献身于，专心致志于devotion n奉献devoted adj.献身的，忠诚的(三)常用短语多积累、准运用1come_up_with提出，想出2concentrate_on 集中

5、于；专注于3talk_sb.into_doing_sth._ 说服某人做某事4draw_up 起草5end_up_ 结果为；以结束6on_the_other_hand 另一方面7in_terms_of 就而言；从某个角度上看8be_willing_to_do_sth. 愿意做某事9react_to 对作出反应10deal_with 处理，对付11glare_at 怒视12cant_help_doing_sth. 禁不住做某事13to_be_honest 说实话14be_devoted_to 奉献；致力于15compared_to 和相比16pick_up 捡起；接(人)；(无意间)学会；好转1

6、7accuse_sb.of_sth. 控告某人做某事(四)经典句式明特点、会仿用1it作形式宾语悟原句I really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch.背佳句(2019全国卷满分作文)Id appreciate it very much if you could give me the chance.Once hired, Ill serve people heart and soul.2.thats why .“那就是的原因”，why引导表语从句悟原句Perhaps the postcode was wrong, and thats why

7、the letter never arrived.背佳句(2020全国卷满分作文)She never loses temper but instead always encourages me, thats why I show respect for her.3.the比较级., the比较级.表示“越，就越”悟原句I was getting more and more annoyed and of course, the more upset I got, the less I was able to concentrate.背佳句(2014山东高考满分作文)I firmly believ

8、e that the more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.1.“词中词”法帮你记servedeserve值得antdistant 遥远的havebehave 表现armharm 伤害plainexplain 解释starstarve 挨饿2.“感激”家族grateful adj. 感激的gratitude n. 感激appreciate v. 感激appreciation n. 感激thankfu

9、l adj. 感谢的3.“说服”短语清单talk/argue sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事talk/argue sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事persuade sb.(not) to do sth.说服某人(不)做某事4.to短语作插入语to be honest说实话to be frank 坦白地说to begin with 首先to tell you the truth 说实话to be brief 简单地说to be sure 无疑；诚然.用所给词的适当形式填空1When she heard the funny story, she co

10、uld not help laughing (laugh)2Im so grateful (grate) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.3Judging (judge) from the smell, the food must be delicious.4My brother strengthens himself by taking outdoor exercise every day; now he is so strong that I dare not measure s

11、trength against him.(strength)5To predict the weather accurately and give us more accurate information, the observers try their best to guarantee the accuracy of their observation.(accurate)6According to the latest survey, more and more graduates are anxious about their future jobs. The increasing a

12、nxiety may lead to diseases.(anxious)7The old scientist is devoted to studying space, and the spirit of devotion deserves learning from. He said he would go on devoting himself to the science field.(devote)8I can hardly express how grateful I feel. I will give him a present as an expression of grati

13、tude.(express)9At first, Anne totally depended on her parents. After many years of struggle, she gained her independence and now she is dependent on herself to lead a new life. (depend)10Study needs concentration,_so we must concentrate our attention on what we are learning. (concentrate).介、副词填空1I d

14、ont think anyone can accuse him of not being frank.2After the fun hes had during the holidays, the boy cant concentrate on his school work.3After looking over my plan, the manager hoped I could come up with a better and more practical one.4In terms of convenience, the museum has more advantages over

15、 the gallery.5Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end up with sweet dreams.6The boy talked his mother into buying him a home computer.7The two boys stood there, glaring at each other.A fight was going to occur.8Compared to his early work, this is a rather slight novel.选词填空1lik

16、ely/possible/probableIt is possible that she will come to visit our school next week, but Im not sure.Its possible but not likely/probable that hell come here next month.It is probable that it will rain today. Bring your umbrella with you.We are likely to make mistakes when learning English.2Thats w

17、hy . /Thats because .I stayed up too late last night. Thats_why I was late for school this morning.I was late for school this morning. Thats_because I stayed up too late last night.写出加蓝部分在语境中的含义1Her worried expression on her face suggested that she was very frightened.表情I can think of many cases whe

18、re students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.词组，词语I will give him a present as an expression of gratitude. 表达2We should not judge a person by his appearance but people make that mistake from time to time. 评判，判断Your speech was heard by a group of five judg

19、es, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.法官.完成句子1Id_prefer_it_if I didnt have to do so much work.(it作形式宾语)要是我不必做这么多工作，那就好了。2It is commonly believed that all students deserve_treating/to_be_treated_equally. (deserve)大家普遍认为所有的学生应该受到平等对待。3The_reason_why_he_got_so_angry_was_that he foun

20、d his son lying to him.(The reason why .)他如此生气的原因是他发现儿子在对他撒谎。4The more I thought of his rudeness, the_angrier_I_became.(the比较级.，the比较级.)我越想到他的粗鲁行为就越生气。5I managed to talk_my_classmates_into_accepting my idea.(talk sb. into doing sth.)我设法说服了我的同学接纳我的想法。1concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)(1)concentrate on (doin

21、g) sth.聚精会神于(做)某事concentrate ones attention/energy .on/upon (doing).集中某人的注意力/精力于(做)(2)concentration n. 专心，集中concentrated adj. 集中的，全神贯注的演绎法练通单句语法填空In class, the naughty boy has little power of concentration;_as a result, he could not concentrate on what his teacher is saying.But when he plays compute

22、r games, he cant be more concentrated.(concentrate)Playing computer games can give us some relaxation after school, but as students we must concentrate on our studies.With the development of the society, we must concentrate our attention on improving (improve) education.一句多译他将注意力全部集中在技术问题上。He_concen

23、trated_his_attention_on_the_question_of_technology.(concentrate)He_fixed/focused_his_attention_on_the_question_of_technology.(fix/focus)He_put_his_heart_into_the_question_of_technology.(put ones heart into)联想发散表示“专注于；专心于”的短语还有：fix/focus onbe lost/absorbed/buried input ones heart into abandon oneself

24、 tobe devoted to2associate vt.联想，联系(1)associate .with .使与联系起来associate with sb. 与某人交往/共事be associated with 与有关(2)association n. 联合；联想；交往；协会；社团in association with 与联合；与有关联演绎法练通单句语法填空I feel honored to have the chance to live, work and associate with them.There has always been a close association (asso

25、ciate) between the two schools.In the childrens minds summer is_associated (associate) with picnics.The exhibition was organized by the school in association with local artists.一句多译众所周知，有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。As we all know, there are many serious health problems which_are_associated_with_smoking.(使用定语从句)A

26、s we all know, there are many serious health problems_associated_with_smoking.(使用分词作定语)As we all know, there are many serious health problems in_association_with_smoking.(使用介词短语作定语)联想发散“与有关”的其他表达还有：be related tohave something to do withbe in connection with be connected with3deserve vt.应得，值得单句语法填空Wh

27、at comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyones ideas deserve consideration/to_be_considered/considering (consider)They had some excellent players, so they certainly deserved_to_win (win) that match.句型转换It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respect.It is thos

28、e who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve_respecting.It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve_to_be_respected.归纳法记牢deserve to do sth.应该做某事deserve doing/to be done 值得做deserve consideration/attention/respect 值得考虑/关注/尊敬 名师指津deserve不用于进行时态，且deserve doing相当于de

29、serve to be done，此时动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似的单词还有need, want, require等。4accuse vt.控告，指控，谴责单句语法填空The workers accused their boss of having broken his word.For lack of enough evidence, the accused (accuse) was allowed to go free.I dont think its fair to accuse me of having (have) an attitude problem.归纳法记牢(1)acc

30、use sb.of (doing) sth.指责/控告某人(做)某事(2)the accused 被告辨析比较动词含义搭配accuse当面指责或指控accuse sb. of .charge因犯较大错误或重大罪行而正式起诉charge sb. with .5desire n渴望，欲望v.期望，渴望 (1)have a strong desire(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth. 想要某人做某事desire that . (should) do sth. 渴望演绎法练通单句语法填空We always desire to_live (liv

31、e) in harmony with our neighbors.He has a strong desire for success though he has failed many times.They desire us to_complete (complete) the work within one month.He desired that I (should)_go (go) abroad for further education.一句多译我们班的每个学生都渴望上一流的大学。Each student in our class has_a_strong_desire_to_g

32、o_to_a_firstclass_university.(desire n)Each student in our class has_a_strong_desire_for_a_firstclass_university.(desire n)Each student in our class desires_to_go_to_a_firstclass_university.(desire v)名师指津desire后无论是跟宾语从句还是跟同位语从句，都要用虚拟语气，其形式是“(should)动词原形”。如句。6relief n宽慰，轻松；解脱；减轻，消除；缓和(1)to ones relie

33、f 令某人感到欣慰的是What a relief! 可松口气了！with/in relief 如释重负；松了口气(2)relieve v. 解除，减轻，缓和relieve sb.of 解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)演绎法练通单句语法填空/完成句子After handing in his paper, he returned to his seat in/with relief.The new secretary will relieve us of the paperwork.Smiling and laughing have actually been shown to relieve (rel

34、ief) tension and stress.Much_to_their_relief,_their country was brought back to life in a short time after the epidemic.让他们感到非常欣慰的是，他们的国家在疫情后很短的时间内就恢复了生机。7account vt.认为是，视为n.解释，说明；账目；(银行)账户；描述，叙述(1)account for说明(原因等)；作出解释；占比例(2)on account of 由于，因为on no account 决不(放在句首时，句子要倒装)take . into accounttake

35、account oftake . into consideration考虑到演绎法练通单句语法填空How do you account for having made so many mistakes in your homework?His exam results were not very good, but we must take his long illness into account.The government should take account of the interests of the disabled.We delayed our departure on ac

36、count of the bad weather.完成句子/一句多译On_no_account_should_you leave the baby alone in the house.你切不可将婴儿独自留在家中。我真诚地希望你能考虑我的建议。I sincerely hope that you will take_my_suggestions_into_account/consideration.I sincerely hope that you will take_account_of_my_suggestions.8devote vt.献身于，专心致志于(1)devote oneself

37、to (doing) sth.献身于/致力于(做)某事devote ones life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth. 把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于(做)某事(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于/奉献于(做)某事(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚演绎法练通单句语法填空From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and devotion (devote)Li Lei is my devoted (d

38、evote) friend and he has devoted himself to improving (improve) the education of the local people.句式升级The young lady is devoted to teaching the deaf children and has little time for herself.Devoting_herself_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_the young lady has little time for herself.(现在分词作状语)Devoted_to

39、_teaching_the_deaf_children,_the young lady has little time for herself.(过去分词作状语)1talk sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事(1)talk sb. into doing sth.persuade/argue sb. into doing sth.persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事talk sb. out of doing sth.persuade/argue sb. out of doing sth.persuade sb. not to do sth. 说服某人不做某

40、事(2)talk of 谈到，说到talk about 谈论，议论演绎法练通单句语法填空To my delight, I succeeded in talking my father into giving (give) up smoking.You can talk about American customs and festivals because Chinese students are interested in them.Talking of literature, do you have any interest in Lu Xuns works?句型转换/一句多译My wif

41、e persuaded me to buy a new house before house prices went up.My wife talked/persuaded/argued_me_into_buying_a_new_house before house prices went up.我无法说服她不放弃当一名医生的梦想。I cant persuade_her_not_to_give_up her dream of being a physician.I cant_talk/persuade/argue_her_out_of_giving_up her dream of being

42、a physician.2in terms of就而言；在方面；从某个角度上看完成句子In_terms_of his professional abilities, hes just no match for you.就他的工作能力而言，他根本不是你的对手。Learning is not always easy, but it is always beneficial in_the_long_term.学习并不总是那么简单，但从长远看它总是有益的。We have_been_on_good_terms_with our neighbors for all these years.这么多年来我们一

43、直和邻居关系很好。The country is very poor and it has to come_to_terms_with the neighbouring countries.这个国家很穷，它不得不迁就邻国。归纳法记牢be on good/bad/friendly terms with sb.与某人关系好/不好/友好come to terms with . 对让步，迁就接受(不愉快的事)；适应in the long/short term 从长期/短期角度看 3end up结果为；以结束(1)end up doing sth.以结束/告终end up with . 以而结束end u

44、p as . 结果成为(职位)(2)come to an end put/bring an end tobring sth.to an end 结束at the end of 在尽头；在末端by the end of 到结束时；到时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end 最后；终于at an end 结束，终止make ends meet 使收支相抵，收支平衡演绎法练通单句语法填空His brother got rapid promotion and ended up as a manager in a company.Youd better stop complaining agai

45、n and again.Otherwise, youll end up quarreling (quarrel) with Rose again.By the end of last year, he had_learned (learn) 2,000 English words.His speech ended up with a famous saying: Where there is a will, there is a way.4it作形式宾语I really dislike_it_when he eats garlic for lunch.我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。(1)英语中，某

46、些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, dislike, hate, appreciate, prefer等接when/if引导的从句作宾语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在it之后。(2)类似用法的短语有see to it that .“务必；确保”； depend/rely on it that .“依赖/相信”； take it for granted that .“认为是理所当然的”等。针对训练完成句子(2019浙江高考书面表达)Whenever I have difficulties in my English study, you are t

47、he one that I will turn to first.And I_really_appreciated_it that you never refused me.每当我在英语学习上遇到困难时，我都会首先求助于你。我真的很感激你没有拒绝我。Nowadays it is typical of a young generation to_take_it_for_granted_that_parents should meet whatever they desire.当今，年轻一代理所当然地认为父母应该满足他们的一切欲望，这是他们的典型特征。Do_depend/rely_on_it_th

48、at he will make us proud some day.一定要相信他总有一天会让我们引以为豪。He saw_to_it_that the work was finished on time.他确保工作按时完成。5thats why .Perhaps the postcode was wrong, and thats_why the letter never arrived.可能邮政编码错了，那就是信一直未收到的原因。用法规则(1)Thats why .意为“那就是的原因”， why引导表语从句。(2)Thats because .意为“那是因为”，because引导表语从句。(3)

49、The reason why . is/was that . 意为“的原因是”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。注意事项(1)在句型“Thats why/because .”中，why后强调结果，because后强调原因。(2)在句型“The reason why . is/was that .”中，表语从句只能用that引导，不能用because。针对训练完成句子Tom was ill.That_was_why he came late for the meeting.汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。Tom came late for the meeting.That_was_b

50、ecause he was ill.汤姆开会迟到了，那是因为他病了。The_reason_why Tom came late for the meeting was_that he was ill.汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。一、在考题集训中查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空 1(2020江苏高考)We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely (entire) recognize the food.2(2020新高考全国卷)Writ

51、e a poem about how courage, determination, and strength (strong) have helped you face challenges in your life.3(2020新高考全国卷)Historical accuracy (accurate)is important but so is entertainment.(二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2016浙江10月高考)An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later. If it were not sto

52、pped, that long train, full of passengers, would fall into the stream. 特快列车词类活用(2020全国卷)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. v.占(比例)(三)高考中的完形填空1(2017北京高考)They saw a man eating out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that

53、the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very _37_. She couldnt understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.AannoyedBnervousCashamed Dupset解析：选D根据上文可知，Hannah看到有人在垃圾桶里寻找食物吃，又根据下文她的反应可知，她很难过。upset“不安的，心烦意乱的”，符合语境。2(2015福建高考)What made it almost impossible to dea

54、l with was that the day before the accident, Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her choice of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to _45_.Ahear BcontributeCexpress Dadmit解析：选C由前文可知，Kerr

55、y一直在“表达(express)”对各种事情和人的意见。(四)高考中的写作1(2020全国卷书面表达)Actually,_there_are_many_selfless_people_like_Uncle_Li_around_us,_and_they_well_deserve_our_respect.(deserve)其实，我们身边有很多像李叔叔这样无私的人，他们值得我们尊敬。2(2020全国卷书面表达)About_two_hours_later,_with_our_baskets_full,_we_went_out,_wearing_tired_but_satisfied_expressio

56、ns. (expression)大约两个小时后，我们的篮子装满了，我们带着疲惫但满足的表情出去了。3(2019浙江高考书面表达)When_giving_praise,_parents_should_be_sincere_and_concentrate_on_the_process_instead_of_the_result. (状语从句的省略；concentrate on)在给予表扬的时候，父母应该要真诚，专注于过程而不是结果。二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇tensionabandon abuse condemn embarrass patience concerned share willin

57、gdisturb miss sincere eager kind brilliant attractive understandingcalm emotion helpful get along well with sb. deal with believe in share . with .feel content with have words with communicate with depend/rely on be ready to be enthusiastic about 练中巩固.单句语法填空1We finally came to an understanding (unde

58、rstand) about what hours we would work.2It would be helpful (help) for me to see the damage for myself.3I sincerely (sincere) believe that this is the right decision.4It can be embarrassing (embarrass) for children to tell complete strangers about such incidents.5They keep a list of people (who are)

59、 willing to_work (work) at nights.6Sometimes, kindness (kind) is a simple answer in a difficult and challenging world.完成句子1As an outgoing girl, I get_along_well_with my classmates. 作为一个外向的女孩，我和同学们相处得很好。2You may depend_on_it_that_she will be sure to pass the exam.你放心好了，她一定会通过考试的。3He was_always_ready_to_help_others;_in return, he was loved by everyone.他总是乐于助人；反过来，大家都喜欢他。4Id like to share_with_you_what I think about this.我想和你分享一下我对这个问题的看法。