2023版高考英语一轮总复习 高效备考新模式 第二部分 狠抓基础语法 4.ppt

1、冠词冠词概念：用于名词或“形容词+名词”前帮助说明名词含义的一种虚词知识网络冠词7.区分a与an:an hour,an honest boy;a useful book,a one-way ticket不定冠词1.泛指“一个/本/段/张/.”:rent an apartment,for a long time2.任一：A horse is a useful animal.3.每一：twice a month,write 800 words a day4.说话者不认的“某一”：A Mrs Green is waiting for you at the school gate.5.单一：He di

2、dnt tell us a thing about it.6.固定词组：as a result/whole/rule,make a living,make a trip,go on a diet,come to an end5.序数词或最高级前:on the second floor,the most outstanding examples冠词定冠词1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事，相当于“这(些)”“那(些)”：the history of the Olympics2.谈话双方都明确所指的人或事：Open the door,please.3.复指上文已提及的人或事：He gave me a

3、pen.The pen is very expensive.4.独一无二的事物名词前：the earth,the moon,the world,the univeres.冠词9.演奏西洋乐器的乐器名词前：Play the piano,play the violin定冠词6.普通名词构成的专有名词前：the United Nations,the Yellow River,the Party7.在姓氏复数前表示某某夫妇或一家人：the Greens;the Bakers8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人：the poor=poor people,the rich,the sick,the wounde

4、d13.固定词组和句型：in the city,in the countryside,one the other;the morethe more,at the same time冠词定冠词10.中国传统节日前：the spring Festival,the Mid-Autumn Festival,the Dragon Boat Festival.11.方向方位名词前：in the east,on the right12.打/抓/拍某人的某个部位：hit sb in the face;take sb by the arm,touch sb on the shoulder3.表示一日三餐的名词前

5、：have breakfast,have lunch,have dinner,have supper,have brunch冠词零冠词1.季节、月份、星期几、非中国传统节日：in Spring/July,on Monday,at Christmas2.不可数名词或复数可数名词表示泛指时：Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen./Book are my best friends.6.某些建筑或家具指其用途时：go to bed/school/church/prison,be in hospital,at table冠词零冠词4.语言、学科、运动或游戏名词

6、前：learn English,play football,play hide-and-seek5.专有名词前：London is the capital of England7.做表语、补语或同位语的唯一职位名词前：We elected Tom monitor of our class8.by+交通工具：by bus/bike/plane/ship/boat/taxi/subway/train;by land/air/sea冠词零冠词at first,at last,at once,at dusk,at dawn,at noon,at night,at peace/war,at risk,a

7、t random in detail,in vain,in advance,in trouble,in fact,in particular,in general,in conclusion,in needon display,on purpose,after school,after graduation;by mistake,by chance;under attack9.固定词组：考点考法This is one of_ most vivid cartoons I have ever seen.填空She was a success as _ actress.“形容词+名词”前名词前He

8、has been diving into _ history of Chinese literature.Drinking plays _ important role in Chinese banquets(宴请).ananthethe语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.(2021全国甲卷)It took us about 3 hours to go all _way around the Xian City Wall.2.(2021全国乙卷)Due to _ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure tra

9、vel,various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.the真题回顾特指与环境相关的冒险旅行的受欢迎度，用定冠词the。特指沿着西安城墙的这条路，用定冠词the。thea因must表示“必须做的事”时为可数名词，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词a。3.(2021全国新高考卷)While youre in China,Mount Huangshan is _ must to visit!因a range of(一系列；一套)为固定搭配。a4.(2020新高考全国卷)Each volume in the set explores

10、 _ wide range of material,explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems,and discusses theinfluences they have on everyday life.5.(2020全国卷)The plum trees are _ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).6.(2019全国卷)Of _ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three ar

11、e declining,six are stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.thethe此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。在序数词/最高级前用定冠词the。7.(2019全国卷)When we got a call saying she was short-listed,we thought it was _ joke.8.(2018全国卷)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _ past 25 years,while rice has

12、 increased only 7 percent.thea表示特指一段时间，意为“过去的25年间”，故用定冠词the。表示泛指“一个”玩笑，应用不定冠词a。9.(2018全国卷)Unexpectedly,Im face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming at_ top of her lungs.10.(2017全国卷)As _ result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.athe因as a result(结果)是固定词组。因

13、at the top of ones lungs为固定搭配，意为“用某人最大的声音”。11.(2017全国卷)Instead,she is earning 6,500 a day as _ model in New York.12.(2015全国卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)are admired by even _ most modern architects and engineers.thea在最高级前用定冠词the。表示职业或身份的单数可数名词前习惯上用不定冠词。考情：冠词是高考每年必考的考点，就近六年高考来说，已考查的有：1.定冠词和不定冠词的一般用法。即定冠词

14、表示特指，相当于“这；那；这些；那些”；不定冠词表示泛指，相当于“一(个，段，座等)”。2.在最高级前、序数词前、独一无二的事物名词前等要用定冠词。3.含定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的固定短语或习惯搭配。解法：冠词用于名词或“形容词+名词”前。因此，在语法填空中，如果空格设在名词或“形容词+名词”前，一般填冠词，如上述第1、2、3、4、7、9、11题。语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1._ number of times upcycling has been looked up on the Cambridge Dictionary website has risen by 181%sinc

15、e December of 2011.The模拟操练作者应是表达“剑桥词典网站里，upcycling被查阅的次数上升了”，表示“的数量”是the number of。顺便提提，该短语作主语时，与单数动词连用，本句中has risen就是单数动词。2.This mouth-burning and tongue-numbing hot pot has been gaining _ large amount of attention in recent years in foreign countries.3.As _ result of his efforts,Chang-an became th

16、e starting place of the Silk Road,a network of trading routes that went all the way to the Roman Empire.a因a large amount of为固定搭配，意为“大量的”。a因as a result of为固定搭配，意为“由于”。4.The artist wanted to show the end of an era(时代).The time of the beautiful,old sailing ships is coming to _ end.5.They discovered tha

17、t singing in groups played _important part in helping people recover from mental illness.an因come to an end(结束)是固定词组。an因play an important part in(在中发挥重要作用)为固定搭配。6.people celebrate his spirits by showing goodwill and giving _ helping hand to others.7.But the increasing number of people travelling to t

18、he ends of the Earth can have _ negative effect on fragile ecosystems(生态系统).Should tourists be allowed to visit polar regions?a因give a helping hand(伸出援助之手)是固定词组。a因have an effect on(对有影响)是固定词组，而effect的修饰语negative的读音是辅音开头，故填a。8.A couplet(对联)must have the following features:_ number of characters of on

19、e line is equal to that of the other line and both lines have the same sense groups.9.A legend has it that at _ end of the Eastern Han Dynasty(AD25-220)Zhang Zhongjing saved many people in Henan Province from a typhoid epidemic(伤寒)around Start of Winter.the因the number of为固定搭配，意为“的数目”。the因at the end

20、of(在的末尾)是固定词组，意为“相传在东汉末年”。句中A legend has it that 是“相传”的意思。10.The Tibetan antelopes(羚羊)are listed in the“Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora”as endangered(濒临灭绝的)species with a population estimated to be less than 35,000 and still on _ decline.the因on the dec

21、line(在减少)是固定词组。顺便提提，on the increase意为“正在增长”。11.And the more we live in them,_ more stress we have12.Some people think the Internet will certainly take _ place of the traditional library.thethe因take the place of(代替)是固定词组。因the morethe more(越就越)是固定句式。13.She remembered that frequently at break she had t

22、aken Douglas,a small lonely child by _ hand.14.Take Heytea as _ example.It was just a small tea shop located in a small lane in a small city of Guangdong Province in 2019.the因take sb by the hand(牵着某人的手)是习惯搭配。an因takeas an example(以为例)是固定搭配。15.I want to set _ good example to deaf children.16.The famou

23、s Lascaux Caves consist of a large hole and _ series of connecting caves,with a natural water system.a因set a good example to sb(给某人树立一个良好的榜样)是固定表达。a因a series of(一系列；一连串；一些)是固定词组。17.In Australia,which has the highest number of food advertisements in childrens television in the world,there are _ avera

24、ge of 12 food ads per hour.18.They conducted a trial across China from August 2018 to May 2019,covering _ total of 1,369 adult smokers.an因an average of(平均有)是习惯表达。a因a total of(总数为)是固定词组。19.The doctor changed his mind overnight and,_ next day,he decided to dress the deep wound every other day for thre

25、e months.20.I was delighted _ other day when I saw a card left on the table to say thanks.the因the next day为固定短语，意为“第二天”。the因为the other day(几天前)是固定词组，且与一般过去时连用。21.In fact,it looks so much like an elephant that many people think it must have been shaped by humans.That is not _ case,however.22.it was d

26、ue to a warmer,wetter climate and enrichment from the added carbon dioxide in _ atmosphere.thethe表示“大气；大气层”习惯上说the atmosphere。表示“实情；事实”习惯上说the case。23.From his point of view,the Big Bang was the start of universe and it only took less than a second _ to happen.24.Shared bikes play a positive role in

27、 meeting _publics need for“last mile”transportation and creating a low-carbon transport network.the表示“宇宙；天地万物”习惯上说the universe。the表示“公众；民众”习惯上说the public。25.Hakka Earth Building(客家土楼)is praised as a magnificent architectural work of village houses in _world for its long history,unique style,smart st

28、ructure and magnificent scalethe因in the world(在世界上)为固定词组。句意：它以其悠久的历史、独特的风格、巧妙的结构和宏大的规模被誉为世界村屋的宏伟建筑作品。26.Recently,an Indian film“Hindi Medium”has made _ hit!a因make a hit(大获成功；轰动一时；给予极其良好的印象)是固定词组。27.In June,she was invited as an important speaker at the 9th Biennial Obesity Conferenceand was honored

29、by the American Heart Association for her work and effects in the health community at such _ early age.an因 such后面的单数可数名词前习惯上要用不定冠词，such an early age意为“如此小的年龄”，又如 such a disaster(这样的灾难)，such an intelligent boy这么聪明的孩子。28.Over _ last several centuries,Beijing residents have liked to raise pigeons and l

30、et them soar through the sky every day.the特指在刚刚过去的几个世纪里，故填the。这类短语还有in the past few years,during the last few years等，建议作为一个整体来掌握。29.It is also a cultural bridge between Xishuangbanna and Southeast Asian countries that share _ same festival.30.In _ word,China is leading in many ways.athe因in a word(总之

31、)是固定词组。因为same习惯上总是与the连用的。31.After her presentation,she won the opportunity to exhibit her work,which turned out to be _ great success.32.Scientists consider this _ remarkable achievement,for heavy lifting equipment used in modern construction was not available at that time.a虽success作“成功”解是抽象名词，即不可数

32、名词，但意为“成功的人或事”时为可数名词，此处表示“一个”巨大的成功，故填不定冠词a。a泛指“一项”了不起的成就，故填不定冠词a。33.When sending messages,the younger generation tend to break up their thoughts by sending each one as _separate message,instead of using a full stop.34.Today,theyre _ essential part of her daily routine.a泛指“一条”独立的信息，故填不定冠词a。an泛指必不可少的一

33、部分，又因essential的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。35.Katelynn Hardee was inspired to sell her baked goods after she overheard a students mother talking about how she couldnt afford _ after-school program for her child.an泛指“一项”课外活动，又因after的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。36.Released(发布)on Aug 30,it was the most-downloaded free a

34、pp in China as of Sept 10,according to App Annie,_ website that tracks app data.a意为“一个追踪应用数据的网站”，表达“一个”用不定冠词。顺便提提，a website是App Annie的同位语，起补充说明作用。句中as of意为“截至”。37.She has taught me how to live,Ive learned to slow down and see the world in _ different way.a因way是可数名词，前面用不定冠词，表示“一种”不同的方式。另外，in a differ

35、ent way(以一种不同的方式)也可作词组来记。38.Seippels music is mainly electronic and sounds quite modern.But the pipa lets him add _ unique element to his music.a句意“但琵琶让他为自己的音乐增添了一种独特的元素”，表示“一种”用不定冠词。注意：unique的拼写虽以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音/j/开头，类似的还有a useful approach(一种有用的方法),a European brand(一个欧洲的品牌)，a one-way street(一条单行道)；相

36、反，也有以辅音字母开头但读音却以元音开头的情况，如：an hour(一小时)，an honest person(一个诚实的人)。39.Products like cars,phones,toasters have touched the hands of one industrial designer to another,been thought over,and created so you can have _ best quality of life.40.They are by the coast and known for having some of _ sunniest wea

37、ther in the UK.the在形容词最高级前用定冠词the。the形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。41.The State Hermitage Museum in St.Petersburg is _ second largest art museum in the world.42.This technique later helped create Dolly the sheep in 1996,_ first cloned mammal in the world.the在表顺序的序数词前常加定冠词the。the表顺序的数词前要加the。43.If something goes w

38、rong,New Zealand people are more likely to give people _ second chance so that they can prove themselves or show that things can be done differently.44._ Smiths learned its hard to get statistics on latchkey children.Most parents are unwilling to admit they leave their children alone.a虽然second是序数词，但

39、在此并不表示顺序，而是表示在原基础上增加一次，即表示“再一；又一”时，用不定冠词。The指史密斯夫妇，表示某一家人或夫妇时，用“the+姓氏复数”。45.Due to the efforts by the masters in _ Forbidden City,the public now can have a further understanding of cultural heritage protection.46.China is in the east of AsiaIt faces _ Pacific Ocean.the因the Forbidden City(紫禁城)为专有名词，

40、其前通常加定冠词the。类似用法的还有：the United Nations(联合国),the Childrens Palace(少年宫)。the由普通名词(ocean海洋)构成的专有名词(the Pacific Ocean太平洋)前一般加定冠词。47.Cellphones were one of _fastest growing telecommunication applications.48.Maybe the teacher can assign each student a topic and ask them to prepare for a lesson on _ topic.t

41、hethe特指前文提到的a topic，故用定冠词the。因“one of the+形容词最高级”为固定搭配，意为“最的之一”。49.Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water,shining in the spring sun.Summer sees _ mountains turn bright green with growing rice.50.National Day is _ birthday of China,and people eat birthday noodles to show their best wishes for the

42、motherland.the特指前文提到的mountains，故用定冠词the。the特指中国的生日，用定冠词the。51._ number 24 means you need to work hard 24 hours a day to succeed.52.These are called polymorphic robots.“Polymorphic”means _ ability to take different forms.The此处特指24这个数字，位于句首首字母应大写，故填The。the有不定式to take different forms修饰，可知是特指“变形”的能力，故用定冠词the。53.Its success is surprising because _ main character in the series is a shepherd,and the series is about54.I could not forget _ year when this city faced a disaster.the由修饰语in the series可知，特指连续剧中的主角。the受定语从句修饰，特指这座城市面临灾难的那一年。THANK YOU!