《学海导航》2015高考英语（译林版）一轮复习课件：M5 UNIT 3　SCIENCE AND NATURE.ppt

1、M5Unit 3Science and nature 1、adopt vt.收养；采用She adopted a child whose parents were dead.她收养了一个父母双亡的孩子。The government decided to adopt the plan.政府决定采纳这个计划。We adopted several measures to deal with the disease.我们采取了一些措施来对付这种疾病。adoption n.采纳，采用，收养adopted adj.领养的，采纳的adapt 改编；使适应用adopt或adapt的适当形式完成句子Our sc

2、hool _ a new teaching method lately.They are not my real parents;I am _.He tried hard to _ himself to the new conditions.Since the _ of the new working method,production has gone up.has adopted/adoptedadoptedadaptadoption2、exact adj.确切的，精确的；精确无误的，精密的It was difficult to tell her exact age.很难看出她的准确年龄。

3、She is in her midthirties thirtysix to be exact.她三十五六，准确地说是36岁。The scholar is an exact thinker.这位学者思维缜密。exactly adv.准确地You havent changed at all you still look exactly the same.你一点也没变，还是和从前一模一样。exactly speakingto speak it exactly 准确地说Exactly speaking,I really dont like cloning.准确地说，我不喜欢克隆。类似的还有：stri

4、ctly speaking,frankly speaking,honestly speaking,broadly speaking等。3、favourn.帮助，恩惠；赞同，支持；偏袒，偏爱Could you do me a favour and pick up Tom from school tomorrow?明天你能帮我个忙去学校接汤姆吗？The suggestion of closing the factory has found favour with many local people.关闭这个工厂的建议已经得到许多当地人的支持。As a mother,she showed no fa

5、vour to any child.作为母亲，她没有偏袒任何一个孩子。3、favourv.较喜欢，选择；优惠，特别照顾，偏袒；有助于，有利于Fortune favours the brave.幸运眷顾勇者。The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants.温暖的气候对多种热带植物有利。I am all in favor of equal pay for equal work.我完全赞成同工同酬。用favour的适当形式翻译下列各句你偏爱哪个颜色？_Which colour do you favour?/What is your fav

6、ourite colour?学生赞成改革。_The students were in favour of reform.他将这视为极大的恩惠。_He regards this as a very favour.谁是你特别喜欢的作家？_Who is your favourite writer?4、anxiety n.焦虑，挂念 U C(about/for)The mother was filled with anxiety about her daughters health.母亲为女儿的健康忧心忡忡。焦虑的原因；令人焦虑之事 C(to)That is a great anxiety to me

7、.那是一件使我深感焦虑的事情。渴望 C(for)tov.Their anxiety to go was obvious.他们想去的急切心情是显而易见的。anxious adj.焦虑的，挂念的(about/at/for)对感到焦虑 Im anxious about her safety.我对她的安全担心。The week of the flood was an anxious time for all of us.闹水灾的那一星期是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。5、intention 目的；企图；意图I have no intention of disclosing(打探)your privacy

8、.我不想打探你的隐私。He has decided to go abroad to study with the intention of improving his English and finding a better job when he returns.他抱着提高英语，回来后找一份更好的工作的念头而决定出国留学。We helped him with good intentions.我们出于好意帮助他。The chair was intended for you,but he took it away.那椅子原来是给你准备的，可是给他拿走了。It was intended to be

9、 cooked slowly.这种食物本来是要用慢火煮的。I intend to report you to the police.我打算向警方告发你。我们的本意是帮助那些不能够支付教育费用的贫困儿童。It is _ who cant afford their education.our intention/purpose/aim to help the poor children 那句话本来只是个玩笑。That remark _.was intended as a joke6、consequence n.C结果，后果后接(for)sb./sth.Nobody can tell what th

10、e consequences may be.没有人能说出可能的后果。C重要(性),重大This matter is of great consequence to all of us.对于我们来说这件事非常重要。consequent adj.作为结果的，随之发生的，因而引起的consequently adv.所以，因此，相当于as a result,thereforeas a consequence 所以，因此as a/in consequence of 因为你做了个错误决定，现在必须承担后果。You made the wrong decision,and now you must _ tak

11、e the consequences 由于你的懒惰和粗野，我不得不辞退你。_ your laziness and rudeness,I am forced to dismiss you.As a/In consequence of 银行拒绝资助这家公司，因此该公司破产了。The bank refused to help the company;_，it went bankrupt.consequently 这对我无关紧要。Its _ to me.of little/no consequence7、majority n.大多数，大部分，多数票The majority were/was again

12、st the plan.多数人不赞成这个计划。The resolution was passed by a large majority.这个决议以多数票通过。The majority of criminals are young people.大部分的罪犯是年轻人。The party I support has won by a majority of 264 votes.我支持的政党以264票多数票获胜。大多数人赞成这个建议。The majority _ in favour of the proposal.were/was 大多数孩子被迫学习英语。_ made to learn Engli

13、sh.(Most children are made to learn English.)A majority of children are这些学生中的大多数都想出国留学。_to study abroad.(Most of the students want to study abroad.)The majority of the students want_ passengers survived the traffic accident except a woman and two children.A.The most B.Majority of the C.Most of D.The

14、 majority of theD 句意：这次交通事故大部分乘客幸免于难，除了一名妇女和两名儿童外。most置于名词前不用the等限定词；most of所接的名词前须有限定词；选项B的正确表述应为A majority of(the)。1、in general/generally speaking 一般来说，从整体上讲Its true that he sometimes doesnt obey the rules,but in general,he is a promising boy.他确实有时不守规矩，但从整体上来说，他是个很有前程的孩子。In general,the more expens

15、ive something is,the better the quality is.一般来说，某件东西越贵，它的质量就越好。英语中in (抽象)名词，常相当于该名词的副词意义的短语还有：in silence 安静地；in comfort 舒服地；in particular 尤其；in public 公开地；in earnest 认真地。她默不作声地承受了这个坏消息。She received the bad news _.in silence/silently 他并不特别聪明。He isnt _ clever.in particular/particularly我相信他说想娶她是真心实意的。I

16、m sure he was _ when he said he wanted to marry her.in earnest 2、praise sb.for 因而赞扬某人Newman was praised for his excellent performance in the game.由于在比赛中表现出色，Newman 受到了表扬。【注意】in praise of 赞扬，表扬They organized a class meeting in praise of his heroic deeds.他们组织了一次班会以表扬他的英勇事迹。(1)英语中for可以与许多词连用，表示原因，“因而”，

17、如：thankfor，excusefor，forgivefor，apologize to sb.for，criticizefor，scoldfor(2)英语中in n.of结构的短语还有in honor of,in favor of,in need of,in want of,in celebration of等。When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.A.in terms of B.in need

18、of C.in favor of D.in praise ofC 句意：“当被问及他们对校长的意见时，许多老师都希望看到他让位给年轻人。”in terms of 谈及；in need of 需要；in favor of 支持；in praise of 歌颂。根据句意可知应该选择C。3、be in agreement with 与符合，和一致，同意On this point,I am in complete/entire agreement with you.在这一点上我完全同意你的意见。Finally my parents nodded in agreement.最后我父母点头同意了。The

19、main verb has to be in agreement with the subject in person and number.谓语动词要在人称和数方面和主语保持一致。(1)与agreement连用的词还有reach/come to/arrive at an agreement on 就达成协议；keep/break the agreement 遵守约定/毁约。(2)动词agree的用法如下：agree that 认为，同意agree to do 同意做agree with sb.s words/sth.同意某人的话/与某人的话相符，一致agree to a plan/a pro

20、posal/the arrangement,etc.同意计划/建议/安排agree on the time/date/place/price,etc.在方面达成一致We agree that the article is worth reading.我们认为这篇文章值得一读。The boss agreed to raise the workers pay by 5%.老板同意给工人涨5%的工资。Generally I agree with you,but not everything.大体上我同意你说的，但并不是每一点都同意。The boss agreed to the terms under

21、 the pressure of the workers.在工人的压力下，老板同意了这些条款。This is the point on which I dont agree.我不同意这一点。(3)disagree/disagreement为agree/agreement的反义词，意为“不同意”。I dont think they will agree _ you _ this point.A.with;to B.to;on C.with;on D.on;withC 根据句子的意思可知，第一空“同意某人(的观点)等”；第二空“在某一点上达成一致”。4、push ahead/forward wit

22、h 毅然推行(计划，改革等)The government is pushing ahead with the new reform policy.政府正毅然推行政策改革。ahead of 在前面；先于ahead of time 提前He finished his work ahead of the others.他比别人先完成了工作。领先；超过She was well ahead of the rest of the class.她在班上名列前茅。go ahead 向前走；先走；(口语)请吧 May I use the telephone?我可以用一下电话吗？Sure,go ahead.当然可

23、以，请用吧。1、on the one hand,on the other hand 一方面，另一方面。常用来陈述相反的两种意见或情况。On the one hand,some people believe in the existence of the monster.On the other hand,there is still no proof.一方面，一些人相信有怪物存在，另一方面，又没有证据。英语中用来表示意见不同或相对时，常用：however,on the contrary(恰好相反),while,whereas等。D这里是两种相对立的情况。A项用于for one thing,fo

24、r another(thing)“其一，其二”，表示递进关系；B项的意思是“换句话说”；而C项不与but连用。I would like a job which pays more,but _ I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment.A.for another thing B.in other words C.however D.on the other handOn the one hand,I would like to go to the cinema with him,but on the other hand,I have to stay at

25、home to look after my sister.一方面我想和他一起去看电影，而另一方面我又不得不待在家里照看妹妹。_2、Not everything that is best for nature is good for people.并非所有对自然有益的东西都对人类有益。not every/everynot也是部分否定句型，表示“并非每个都”。Not every film directed by Zhang Yimou is interesting.Every film directed by Zhang Yimou is not interesting.并非张艺谋导演的每一部电影

26、都有趣。此外，not all/allnot 并非所有的都，构成部分否定句式。Not all the students will go to the movies tonight./All the students will not go to the movies tonight.并非所有的学生今晚都去看电影。同时，not both/bothnot也是部分否定句型，表示“并非两者都”。Not both of your answers are right./Both of your answers are not right.并非你的两个答案都正确。如果要表示全部否定，则常用以下句型：none of，no one/nobody/nothing，或neitherNot all the girls like beautiful clothes.We havent enough books for everybody;some of them will have to share.并非每个女孩都爱漂亮的衣服。_我们没有足够的书给每一个人，有些人将共用。_