2021版高考课标版英语人教版一轮教师用书：第一部分教材要点 BOOK 1　UNIT 1　FRIENDSHIP WORD版含解析.docx

1、第一部分教材要点Book 1Unit 1Friendship(主题语境:人与社会人际关系) 1 upset adj.心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的 vt.使不安;使心烦;打翻单句填空 upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.It upsets her (stay) at home alone at the weekend.句型转换My application for the position was refused and it upset me.My application for the position was refu

2、sed, . (which引导定语从句) my application for the position was refused. (it作形式主语)was that my application for the position was refused.(what引导主语从句)1.答案Itto staywhich upset meIt upset me thatWhat upset mebe upset about/by/at sth.为某事烦心be upset that.对难过/心烦It upsets sb. that.让某人心烦It upsets sb. to do sth.做某事让某人

3、心烦易错(1)upset 作动词时,其过去式、过去分词及现在分词分别为upsetupsetupsetting。(2)在It upsets sb. that.和It upsets sb. to do sth.中,It作形式主语,真正的主语分别是that从句和动词不定式。2 suffer vt.& vi.遭受;忍受;经历语法填空The little boy has suffereda rare illness. Within a few days he had become seriously ill, (suffer) great pain and discomfort. However, th

4、e (suffer) didnt defeat him. 句型升级The earth is suffering the severe damage, so it has to be protected., the earth has to be protected.(分词作状语)2.答案fromsufferingsufferingSuffering the severe damage(1)suffer pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/hardship遭受痛苦/失败/损失/贫穷/饥饿/苦难suffer from.受折磨,受之苦;患病(2)suffering n.(

5、指肉体或精神上遭受的)痛苦,疼痛助记遭受失败患有疾病3 concern vt.(使)担忧;涉及;关系到 n.担心;关注;(利害)关系语法填空The other day, Tom lost his legs in a traffic accident. Several persons who were concerned it have been questioned. His mother was concerned his future. As far as I am (concern), things should be done to comfort him quickly and th

6、e police should give a report (concern)the accident.一句多译依我看,我能胜任这项工作。(2019课标全国书面表达)(opinion),(view),(concern),I am qualified for the job.3.答案withaboutconcerned concerningIn my opinionIn my view/From my point of viewAs far as Im concerned(1)show/express concern about/for对表示关心have no concern with与无关(2

7、)be concerned with与有关;涉及as far as.be concerned就而言;依之见be concerned about/for对担忧/担心(3)concerning prep.有关;关于4 power n.能力;力量;权力单句填空They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more (power) effect on the feeling of a space. (2018课标全国)The problem is so tough that it is my power.It h

8、as been 6 years since the determined president came power.写作微测如果我被接纳,我将尽力做一名出色的志愿者。(2018浙江书面表达)If accepted, to be an excellent volunteer.4.答案powerfulbeyondto/intoI will do everything in my power/will try my best/will make every effort/will spare no effort(1)come to/into power掌权;上台in power 当权in ones

9、power在某人的掌控中beyond ones power 某人力所不能及的do all/everything in ones power to do sth. 尽力而为做某事;竭尽全力做某事(2)powerful adj.强大的;有影响/感染力的;有势力的联想表示“竭尽全力做某事”的其他常用表达:(1)do/try ones best to do sth.(2)make every effort to do sth.(3)spare no effort to do sth.5 settle vi.安家;定居;停留 vt.使定居;安排;解决单句填空In recent years some In

10、uit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human (settle), leading to a belief that populations are increasing. (2019课标全国)Having settled into a beautiful village, he settled down his research.同义词转换There was so much noise around us that we couldnt be absorbed in our work.W

11、ith so much noise around us, we couldnt (settle).5.答案settlementstosettle down to our work(1)settle in/settle into sth.适应(新家、工作、环境等)settle down定居;平静下来settle down to sth.着手认真做某事settle on选定;决定(2)settler n.移民;殖民者settlement n.定居点;处理,解决1 add up 合计;把加起来语法填空My mother added some vegetables the soup. She said

12、 the cost of all the materials (add) up to $10, (add) that she was not satisfied with the soup. In (add), she would do everything in her power to make the soup more delicious. 写作微测另外,丰富的文化增添了泰山的美。(add)1.答案toaddedaddingadditionIn addition, the rich culture adds to the beauty of Mount Tai.(1)add up to

13、加起来达到,总计为add.to.把加到里add to增加;增添(多用于抽象意义)add that.补充说(2)addition n.增加物;(数)加法;增加in addition此外in addition to除之外(还有)助记2 go through 经历;经受;通过;完成;用完;检查;浏览赏句猜义Disappointedly, our plan on how to spend our summer holiday didnt go through. As you go through this book, you will find that each of the millions of

14、 people who lived through World War had a different experience. The police went through the three suitcases but didnt find anything valuable. I myself went through this searching process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better: I discovered ASLAmerican Sign Langu

15、age(美式手语).完成句子If you (违背自然), it will punish you. In order to pass the exam, you had better (复习学过的东西).句型转换As time went by, it was becoming colder and colder. =With time , it was becoming colder and colder.2.答案通过浏览检查经历go against naturego over what you have learnedgoing bygo against违背;对不利go in for参加,爱好

16、;从事go over反复研究;仔细检查;重复go out外出;熄灭go by时光流逝;遵循3 get along with 与相处;进展单句填空As an outgoing girl, I get along (good) with my classmates.Its time that I got down to (think) about my future.Believe in yourself. You are sure to get the present difficulty.完成句子我很高兴地告诉你,我和所有的老师和同学都相处得很好。Im delighted to tell yo

17、u that .3.答案wellthinkingoverI get along/on well with all my teachers and classmates(1)get along/on well with sb.与某人相处得好get along/on well/smoothly with sth.某事进展得好/顺利(2)get across讲清楚;传达get about/around(消息)传开get through(电话)接通;用完;通过;处理get over克服get down to (doing) sth.开始做某事1 状语从句的省略While walking the dog

18、, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 在遛狗的时候,你不小心松了手,结果它被一辆汽车撞了。单句填空When (know) you need a volunteer working for the art museum, I feel very excited. (2019课标全国)Children, when (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.句型转换:将画线部分改为非谓语动词的形式If you are tired (=)

19、of the novel, you can choose another one to kill time.写作微测当收到你询问在拜访中国朋友时应该注意什么样的风俗的信时我很高兴。(2018课标全国书面表达)I am delighted your letter asking what customs you should pay attention to a Chinese friend.(省略句)1.答案knowingaccompaniedIf tiredwhen receiving;when visiting句中While walking the dog 是状语从句的省略形式,补全后为:W

20、hile you were walking the dog。归纳1.当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句的主语为it,且状语从句谓语中含be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词。2.熟记下列短语:if any如果有的话;if so如果是这样的话;if ever如果曾经有的话;if not如果不这样的话;if necessary如果有必要的话;if possible如果可能的话。易错省略句中非谓语动词的选用要根据动词和主语的关系:主动关系现在分词;被动关系过去分词。2 before引导时间状语从句She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-fi

21、ve months before they were discovered.她与家人躲藏了将近二十五个月之后才被发现。赏句猜义The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won in the end. The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left before I could ask their names.They are thinking of buying the house before the price goes up. 单句填空John thinks

22、it wont be long before he (be) ready for his new job.It was 2 years before the patient(recover) from the deadly disease.单句改错It has been two weeks before you came here for the exchange program, which has benefited us all.写作微测在你去中国朋友家之前,你最好准备一些合适的礼物。(2018课标全国书面表达)You had better prepare some appropriat

23、e presents .2.答案才还没来得及就 趁着(还没有)isrecoveredbeforesincebefore you visit your Chinese friend(1)before引导时间状语从句时的主要意思:在之前;(不久)就;趁着(还没有);还没来得及就(强调主句动作先于从句动作发生);之后才(说明主句的动作持续时间比较长而从句的动作才开始)。(2)含before的常用句式:It wont be long before.用不了多久就会(before从句用一般现在时)It wasnt long before.没过多久就(before从句用一般过去时)It will be+一段

24、时间+before.要过多久后才(before从句用一般现在时)It was+一段时间+before.过了多久才(before从句用一般过去时)点津“It is/has been+一段时间+since”句式表示“自从有多长时间了”。3 It be.that.强调句型I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.单句填空It was at 10 oclock I had a face-t

25、o-face talk with the teenager.It was not until I set down all I had learned in class I started to pack up. 写作升级The elderly are usually the first to taste the food served on the table. (2018课标全国书面表达)are usually the first to taste the food served on the table. (强调主语)Because of your assistance, my spok

26、en English has improved. (2019课标全国书面表达)my spoken English has improved. (强调状语)3.答案thatthatIt is the elderly whoIt is because of your assistance that强调句型的构成:基本句式It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分一般疑问句Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其他部分含有not until的强调句It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他

27、部分易错判断强调句型的方法:去掉It be和that/who后句子成分完整。例如:It was with the help of my teacher that I got along well with my deskmate. 把It was, that去掉,句子依然完整。4 It is/was the+序数词+time that.句型.;it was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚单句填空This is the first time tha

28、t the firefighters (suffer) from an explosion.There was a time I often had a face-to-face talk with my parents.单句改错That was the first time when I had read such an interesting novel.句型升级It is time for us to take measures to protect the environment.It is time that the environment.4.答案have sufferedwhen

29、whenthat或去掉whenwe took/should take measures to protect本句为“It be the+序数词+time that.”句型。归纳1.句型中be动词若是is,则从句谓语动词用现在完成时;若为was,则从句谓语动词用过去完成时。2.熟练掌握关于time的其他句型:It is time for sb. to do.到了某人做的时候了It is about/high time+sb.+did/should do.到了某人做的时候了There was a time when.曾经有一段时间1 教材与语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单

30、词的正确形式。During World War Annes best friend was her diary to1 she could tell everything. Her family was Jewish so they had to hide in order to escape2 (catch) by the German Nazis. During 3(she) stay in the hiding place, Anne became crazy4 everything to do with nature. One evening she stayed5 (wake) on

31、 purpose until 11:30 to have6 good look at the moon. She saw the night face to face that 7(rain) evening. At that moment she was held 8(entire) in the power of nature.9 (fortune), Anne and her family had hidden away for nearly 25 months before they10 (discover) and went to prison.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.1

32、0.答案1.which2.being caught3.her4.about5.awake6.a7.rainy8.entirely9.Unfortunately10.were discovered2 教材与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Dear Miss Wang,Im having some trouble about my classmates at the moment. Im getting well with a boy in my class. We often do homework t

33、ogether and we enjoy help each other. We have become real good friends. But other students have started gossiping. They said that this boy and I have fallen in love, this has made me angry. Im not very good at communicating with people. Although I try to explain, but I still find it hard to make oth

34、ers convince. I dont want to end the friendship, but I hate other gossiping. What should I do? I would be grateful that you could give me some advice.Yours,Lisa答案Dear Miss Wang,Im having some trouble aboutwith my classmates at the moment. Im getting along/on well with a boy in my class. We often do

35、homework together and we enjoy helphelping each other. We have become realreallygood friends. But other students have started gossiping. They saidsay that this boy and I have fallen in love, thiswhich has made me angry. Im not very good at communicating with people. Although I try to explain, but I

36、still find it hard to make others convinceconvinced. I dont want to end the friendship, but I hate otherothersgossiping. What should I do?I would be grateful thatif you could give me some advice.Yours,Lisa3 教材与话题写作.写作要点用本单元所学词汇和句型完成。1.李明过去经常为一些小事而心烦不能冷静。(be upset about, keep calm)2.老师们很关心他, 经常和他面对面地

37、交谈。(be concerned about, face to face)3.现在,他再也不扰乱同学们了,并经常加入他们当中来解决一些问题。(no longer, join.in., settle)4.现在他和同学们相处得很好。(get along well with)5.在我看来, 正是老师们的爱和关心完全改变了他。(as far as sb. be concerned, it is.that, entirely).连句成篇将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。答案.参考范文Li Ming used to be upset about some small things an

38、d couldnt keep calm. The teachers were concerned about him and often talked with him face to face. Now, he no longer disturbs his classmates and often joins them in settling some problems. As a result, he is getting along well with his classmates now. As far as Im concerned, its the love and concern

39、 from the teachers that have changed him entirely.阅读理解A(2020湖南师大附中高三摸底)Rain beat against the window, matching my mood. I should have known that my new job at the hospital was too good to be true. Throughout the day, rumors warned that the newest employee from each department would be laid off. I was

40、 the newest one in the training department.My boss appeared. “You probably know were cutting back on staff,” he said. “The administration wants us to offer outplacement classes to help those employees find other jobs, showing them how to act in an interview, for example.” “Fine,” I answered unwillin

41、gly, not knowing what else to say.I decided to go home early that day. In the hall, I met the lady who brought us cookies every Friday. She was a little woman with gray hair. Only her head and the top of her green apron were visible over the cart(小车) loaded with cleaning supplies. At least she had a

42、 job!At the final meeting, laid off workers formed a line at the door. A colleague whispered, “I cant believe our Cookie Lady is being laid off. Well miss her as much as well miss her cookies.” When the colleague spoke to her in Spanish, I knew my classes would be useless to her and I realized how m

43、uch better off I was than this poor woman.I decided to do something for her. I wrote to a newspaper expressing how I felt about the unselfishness of the Cookie Lady who needed a job. A few days later, my article appeared in the newspaper and the Cookie Lady was allowed to stay in her position. On th

44、e same day, I received a letter, which seemed so unlikely that I read it twice.“An editor of a local magazine likes your piece and wants you to call her next time you are looking for work.”1.How did the author feel on that rainy day?A.Nervous.B.Excited.C.Angry.D.Proud.2.What was the author asked to

45、do?A.Take care of patients.B.Leave earlier that day.C.Resign from the hospital.D.Help the laid-off workers.3.How did the author help the Cookie Lady?A.He offered her a high-paid job.B.He gave her advice on job hunting.C.He made her story known to others.D.He taught her how to pass an interview.4.Wha

46、t does the story tell us?A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.B.Good deeds have their rewards.C.Little people can make a big difference.D.Love brings more joy to people than work does.答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因帮助他人而获得回报的故事。1.A推理判断题。从文章第一段最后两句Throughout the day, rumors warned that the newest employee f

47、rom each department would be laid off. I was the newest one in the training department.可知,作者的单位正在裁员,谣传每个部门的最新雇员将被解雇,而作者是培训部最新的一位员工,所以作者的心里应该是很紧张的。分析选项可知A项正确。2.D细节理解题。根据第二段中“The administration wants us to offer outplacement classes to help those employees find other jobs.”可知,管理层想让培训部门的人员给下岗的员工上培训课,帮助

48、他们找到新工作。分析选项可知D项符合题意。3.C细节理解题。根据第五段中的“I decided to do something for her. I wrote to a newspaper expressing how I felt about the unselfishness of the Cookie Lady who needed a job.”可知作者写信给报社,所以选项C符合文章大意。4.B主旨大意题。文章有两条线,一是这位女士因为平时对同事很友善,所以她被解雇后作者主动帮助她。此外,在帮助她的时候,作者也收到了来自报社的邀请信。两件事都说明了好心有好报。A friend in

49、need is a friend indeed.患难见真情;Good deeds have their rewards.善行必有回报;Little people can make a big difference.小人物大作为; Love brings more joy to people than work does.爱带给人们的欢乐比工作多。故选择B项。B(2019辽宁辽阳一模)I live in the center of the city and there is a large parking lot full of parking spots nearby. Rain is a r

50、are occurrence in L.A., so cars easily collect pollutants and dust. Together with my friends, I decided it should be a kind gesture to surprise the owners with a car wash. So we bought car washing supplies and took out all the bath towels we could find. With all the supplies in hand, we were able to

51、 convince another roommate to help out as well and we began washing the cars.Every once in a while, someone would come by and ask us seemingly stupid men, “Who told you to wash the cars?”or, even better, “Who paid you to wash their cars?”We explained we just wanted to do something kind. But our resp

52、onse was often met with an even more confused look.As the afternoon went on, some other friends that came by understood our goal of the spontaneous event and started helping out with some of the duties. First one friend then two, and by the time we cleaned the entire lot, we had had an entire car wa

53、shing crew with independent individually assigned tasks and duties.I wasnt cleaning cars to be able to afford a new phone. I was cleaning cars simply because I wanted to offer the car owners kindness. There was no equipment to weigh our value created. We couldnt measure our success by dollars earned

54、 over the time spent in washing cars when we could have been earning twice as much at work.I now realize that there is special energy created when you choose to think more than yourself and act at the service of others and maybe, like me, youll find its actually the greatest gift youll ever get.5.Wh

55、at attitude did passers-by show towards the authors behavior?A.Doubtful and fearful.B.Curious and puzzled.C.Moved and respectful.D.Supportive and appreciative.6.What played an important part in finishing washing the cars?A.Creativity. B.Patience.C.Cooperation.D.Responsibility.7.What did the author a

56、gree with?A.The time spent in washing cars was twice longer than that spent on his daily work.B.The value of kind acts couldnt only be weighed by money.C.There was no equipment to measure the value of success.D.Serving others is more important than serving oneself.8.What can we learn from the text?A

57、.There is a lack of rain in the city the author lives in.B.The car owners felt grateful to the author and his friends.C.Some of the authors friends stopped cleaning the cars halfway.D.The author and his friends clean the cars willingly day and night.答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和朋友突然有了一个尽自己的努力帮助别人的想法帮别人免费洗车,把善

58、良传递给周围的人。5.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的描述:过路人认为我们似乎是一些愚蠢的人,当得知我们是免费洗车时,他们脸上的表情更加困惑不解了。由此推断出过路人的态度应该是既好奇又困惑不解。A项:怀疑的和害怕的;C项:感动的和尊敬的;D项:支持的和感激的。6.C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话中的with independent individually assigned tasks and duties可知,我们每个人都有自己的任务,完成自己承担的任务后整辆车就清洗干净了,也就是“合作”在我们洗车的过程中发挥了重要作用,故选C项。A项:创造力;B项:耐心;D项:责任心。7.B细节理解题。根据

59、第四段中的We couldnt measure our success by dollars可知,作者认为不能用挣的钱的多少来衡量自己取得的成功。“我们”做这件事完全是为了传达善意,所以作者认为自己做的善事不能简单地用金钱来衡量,故选B项。8.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的Rain is a rare occurrence in L.A.可知,在作者居住的洛杉矶市下雨是一件很少发生的事情,也就是这里缺少雨水,故选A项。.完形填空(2019湖北八校第二次联考)Recently I met a guy named Leonard Gilbert on a trip. Leonard is the k

60、ind of person you could pass on the street and never1, but he is, in my view, a very special person who 2 recognition.Leonard lives in a3 rural area, so when his wife had cancer several years ago, Leonard was faced with a four-and-a-half-hour drive to where she could be treated. That 4 lots of expen

61、ses for meals, fuel, hotels and so on. But in the end the cancer took his wifes life 5.Evidently Leonard was very6 by his wifes passing, but he was also very angry, for he realized other people were facing the same sort of 7. Rather than giving money to charities, what he did was start to throw 8.Ev

62、ery other Saturday evening, there is a party in Leonards garage. Neighbors, friends and relatives come and bring snacks and drinks; many bring9. There are music and dancing, and at some point during the evening Leonard 10 a family he has found who are having difficulty 11 the cost of supporting a ca

63、ncer patient undergoing 12 far from home. Then a honey-jar is passed around and the money 13, every cent of it, goes 14 to that family. The people at the party have a good time. The family 15 that someone, probably someone they have never met knows what they are going through and 16 enough to help.L

64、eonards17 to help the families was born out of his grief, but from the perspective of those who have received the money, it is an act of love. His personal 18 has resulted in an act of kindness that honors the19 of the wife he has lost. Wouldnt it be nice if we had more people in the world like Leon

65、ard Gilbert? Im glad I met Leonard. He makes the world a 20 place. 1.A.knowB.noticeC.forgetD.love2.A.requiresB.needsC.deservesD.avoids3.A.convenientB.peacefulC.remoteD.nearby4.A.meantB.spentC.showedD.reduced5.A.otherwiseB.instead C.somehowD.anyway6.A.strickenB.shockedC.pleasedD.mourned7.A.happinessB

66、.hardshipsC.cancersD.expenses8.A.coinsB.honeyC.medicineD.parties9.A.jarsB.cardsC.instrumentsD.flowers10.A.tells aboutB.argues aboutC.comments onD.chats about11.A.cutting B.meetingC.increasingD.calculating12.A.charitiesB.depressionC.treatmentD.support13.A.savedB.paidC.owedD.collected14.A.partlyB.exac

67、tlyC.properlyD.directly15.A.understandsB.pretendsC.ignoresD.confirms16.A.earnsB.caresC.strugglesD.plans17.A.demand B.motivationC.expectationD.consideration18.A.donationB.opinionC.lossD.belief19.A.cancerB.memoryC.wishD.recovery20.A.betterB.worseC.more peacefulD.more terrible答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,主要讲述了伦纳德在失去患癌

68、症的妻子之后,默默地做着善举,努力帮助那些正在经受痛苦的家庭的故事。1.B根据空后的“but he is, in my view, a very special person”中的special可知,伦纳德是那种你在街上经过都不会注意的人,但在我看来,他是一个特别的人,值得被认可。notice注意到。2.C根据语境可知,他对我来说很特别,值得关注和认可。deserve值得。3.C根据下文中伦纳德需要开车4.5个小时才能到医院可知,他住在一个比较偏远的地方。remote偏远的。4.A他要开很久的车才能到医院,那就意味着大量的开支。mean意味着。5.D根据But可知前后是转折关系,虽然付出了巨大

69、的代价,但是不管怎样癌症还是夺走了他妻子的生命。otherwise否则;instead相反;somehow以某种方法;anyway不管怎样,总之。6.A妻子去世了,伦纳德为此受尽折磨,十分难过。be stricken by表示“被折磨”。7.B本句的关键提示词是the same,伦纳德一方面因为妻子的离世而痛心,但同时也因为知道还有很多人跟他面临着一样的苦难而感到愤怒。hardship艰难。8.D根据下一段可知,伦纳德没有选择向慈善机构捐款,而是举办聚会。throw parties举办聚会。9.C既然是聚会,大家载歌载舞,所以他们带来的应该是乐器。instrument乐器。10.A聚会不是单纯

70、为了玩,在适当的时候伦纳德会告诉大家他最近了解到的需要帮助的家庭的事,组织大家捐款。tell about告诉;argue about争论;comment on评论;chat about闲聊。11.B第三段提到伦纳德要帮助那些跟他处境一样的人,因此他要帮的就是那些付不起开支的人。 meet the cost表示“支付费用”。12.C第二段开头提到,伦纳德把妻子送去治疗要开车4.5小时才能到医院。此处一样,是指远离家去医院进行治疗的人。treatment治疗。13.D一个蜂蜜罐子在大家当中传递让大家捐款,所筹集的每一分钱都直接给刚刚提到的家庭。collect募捐。14.D见上题解析。directl

71、y直接地。15.A这个受帮助的家庭明白,有人理解他们现在的不易也很尽力帮助他们。understand理解,明白;pretend假装;ignore忽视;confirm确认。16.B见上题解析。care to do sth.表示“努力做某事”。17.B伦纳德帮助其他家庭的动机源于他的悲痛。demand要求;motivation动机;expectation期望;consideration考虑。18.C对他个人来说失去妻子是一个巨大的损失,但他因此做出了善意的行为。loss损失,失去。19.B他用善意的行为纪念他逝去的妻子。honor the memory of 表示“纪念”。20.A根据伦纳德的行为

72、可知他是个好人,他让这个世界变得更美好。.语法填空(2019课标全国)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence 1 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canad

73、a. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,00025,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and

74、 are expensive 4 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregati

75、ng (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 8 (high) than they actually are. Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six10 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境为人与自然,主题

76、语境内容为人与动物。文章介绍了北极熊的分布区域和北极熊数量的变化情况。1.that考查同位语从句。虽然在北纬88度以北很少见到北极熊,但是有证据表明它们在整个北极地区活动,向南甚至远到加拿大的詹姆斯湾。设空处引导同位语从句,说明evidence的内容,该从句不缺少任何成分,所以要用that引导。2.poorly考查副词。因为对许多区域调查得不够充分,所以很难计算出全球北极熊的数量。设空处单词修饰动词studied,故用其副词形式poorly。3.of/for考查介词。现代化的跟踪调查北极熊数量的方法在20世纪80年代中期就开始被采用。methods of/for doing sth.做某事的方

77、法。4.to perform考查不定式。这些方法大面积持续使用起来,费用很高。sth. be+adj.+to do,其中不定式作状语,与sth.是动宾关系。5.have reported考查动词时态和主谓一致。最近几年,生活在Nunavut的一些因纽特人报告说他们在人类居住区周围看到北极熊的次数增加了。设空处是句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语In recent years可知,时态为现在完成时,主语some Inuit people为复数形式,故填have reported。6.belief考查名词。这些报告使人们相信北极熊的数量正在增长。设空处作leading to的宾语,且前面有不定冠词a修饰

78、,故用所给动词的名词形式belief。7.noting考查非谓语动词。科学家们对此作出了回应,他们指出饥饿的北极熊可能正在人类的定居点附近聚集。设空处作介词by的宾语,故用 v.-ing形式,即by doing sth.通过做某事。8.higher考查比较级。这就造成了北极熊数量比它们实际数量要多的错觉。根据空后的than可知,此处要用形容词的比较级形式higher。9.the考查冠词。句意:在被认出来的19个北极熊亚群中,有3个数量在降低,有6个是稳定的,1个在增加,还有9个缺少足够的数据。设空处在本句中表示特指,故填定冠词the。10.are考查时态和主谓一致。根据设空处前后与本空并列的谓语动词的时态可知,本空需用一般现在时;主语是six(subpopulations),故填are。