英语选修8外研版MODULE1课件PPT：福建整合设计2《127张》.ppt

1、成才之路 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 选修8 Deep SouthModule 11.1.1 集合的概念第二课时 Grammar&Everyday English&Reading PracticeModule 1课内合作探究2巩 固 提 升4课后强化作业5课前自主预习1单元课标语法3课前自主预习.重点单词1经由，取道(prep.)_2(乘船的)旅行，航行(n.)_3仪式性的；正规的(adj.)_4刺眼的光(n.)_5艰难的，艰巨的(adj.)_6晒伤的(adj.)_7麻木的；失去知觉的(adj.)_8衣服；(尤指)某种服装(n.)_via voyage ceremonial gl

2、are severesunburnt numb clothing9 不 正 常 的，反 常 的(adj.)_正 常 的(adj.)_10日出(n.)_日落(n.)_11 缺 乏；没 有(n.)_缺 席 的，缺 少 的(adj.)_12烦人的，令人讨厌的(adj.)_13令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的(adj.)_使沮丧；使萧条(v.)_14孤单的，孤立的(adj.)_使隔离，孤立(v.)_15最少量；最小数(adj.)_abnormal normalsunrise sunset absence absent tiresome depressing depress isolatedisolatemini

3、mum16储存，储备(v.)_17阻止；打消的念头(v.)_令人沮丧的(adj.)_沮丧的(adj.)_18紧急情况；突发事情(n.)_19常规的；普通的(adj.)_20 困 难 的，棘 手 的(adj.)_诡 计，欺 诈(n.)_21脆弱的；易碎的(adj.)_22荣幸(n.)_stock discourage discouraging discouraged emergency conventional tricky trick fragile privilege.重点短语1come_sight进入视野，看得见2break_解体；分裂；分手3come up_提出；想出(主意、答案等)4i

4、n charge_负责，主管(表示被动)5in case_如果；假使intoupwithofof.语法感知1观察下面例句，在括号内写出句子的主语。(1)They are going to move to a new house next week.下星期他们将迁入新居。()(2)To plant these flowers took us two hours.种这些花花费了我们两个小时的时间。()(3)Playing basketball is a good sport.打篮球是一项很好的运动。()(4)Whether he will come is doubtful.他是否会来还不知道。()

5、(5)Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth.南极洲是地球上最冷的地方。()(6)It doesnt matter so much what he said.他说什么都无关紧要。()答案：(1)they(2)to plant these flowers(3)playing basketball(4)whether he will come(5)Antarctica(6)what he said2用所给词的适当形式填空，体会句中动词的用法。(1)In 1961，a treaty_(sign)by 12 countries.(2)This kind of

6、cloth_(sell)well.(3)The first man_(set)foot on the moon was an American.(4)The cunning fox cant be easily_(trap)by farmers.(5)He returned to Elephant Island to rescue the crew he_(force)to abandon.结论：以上句子挖空处呈现了动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词以及助动词等。答案：(1)was signed(2)sells(3)to set(4)trapped(5)had been forced课内合作探究1v

7、oyage nC(乘船的)旅行，航行The explorers accomplished the voyage in five weeks.考察队员在五周内完成了航程。The voyage from England to India used to take six months.过去从英格兰到印度要航行六个月。知识拓展go on/make/take a sea voyage去航海旅行Well go on a sea voyage next month.下个月我们将去航海旅行。辨析voyage，journey，tour，travel，tripvoyage强调较远距离的水上、空中旅行。journ

8、ey指从一地出发直达目的地的长途旅行。tour强调旅行一周再转回原出发点。travel无直达目的地之意，指不同方向的旅行。trip指休闲或因商的短途旅行。注意：记忆各种不同的旅行：长途陆路用journey，短途短期用trip；观光游玩用tour，海上航行用voyage；travel用法最普遍，特别用于指“游记”。即学即用完成句子毕业后我要和我最好的朋友进行一次长途航海旅行。I shall make_together with my best friend after graduation.答案：a long sea voyage2 via“经 由，取 道”，相 当 于 by way of/by

9、 means of/through.We flew to London via Singapore.我们经由新加坡飞往伦敦。We went to Exeter via London.我们取道伦敦去埃克塞特。辨析via与throughvia强调经过某一地方或通过某人、某系统等。through强调从中穿过，透过某物。The sunshine got in through the window.阳光透过窗户照射进来。即学即用介词填空Roy heard about the sale_Jane.答案：via3clothing nU衣服；(尤指)某种服装How much do you spend on c

10、lothing per month?你每月花多少钱买衣服？Lab workers must wear protective clothing.实验室工作人员必须穿上防护服。知识拓展food and clothing衣食辨析clothing，clothes，dressclothing为集合名词，是衣服的总称，无复数形式。表示一件衣服时可用an article/item of clothing或a piece of clothing。clothes只有复数形式，既可指一件衣服，也可指各种衣物，可用many，few，some等修饰，但不能用数词修饰；“一套衣服”要说a suit of clothes

11、。dress作“连衣裙”讲时是可数名词；指某种款式或特定场合穿的衣服时为不可数名词。This clothing sells well to the teenage market.这种衣服在青少年市场很畅销。Every time I saw her，she wore different clothes.我每次见到她，她穿的衣服都不一样。The play was performed in modern dress.这出戏里穿的是现代装束。即学即用完成句子急需将食物和衣服送给灾民。It is urgent that_should be sent to the sufferers.答案：food an

12、d clothing4absence n缺席，不在；缺乏，不存在After an absence of 26 years，China returned to UN in 1971.在离开26年之后，中国在1971年又重返联合国。They made the decision in my absence.我不在的时候，他们做了决定。知识拓展(1)during/in the absence of(in ones absence)当不在时；由于缺乏absence from school/meeting 缺课/旷会absence of mind 心不在焉；精神不集中leave of absence 休假

13、(2)absent adj.缺乏的；缺席的；不在场的；心不在焉的be absent from 缺席Xiaojun was absent from school because he was ill.小军因病没有上学。Snow is absent in some countries.有些国家从不下雪。He had an absent look on his face.他一副心不在焉的神情。提示：absence的反义词为presence；absent的反义词为present。即学即用完成句子因为心不在焉，他犯了许多拼写错误。He made a lot of spelling mistakes be

14、cause of his _.史密斯因病没来上学。Smith_because he was ill.答案：absence of mindwas absent from school5depressing adj.令人消沉的The test results were very depressing.试验的结果令人沮丧。A lot of people found the weather here depressing.许多人发现这里的天气令人消沉。知识积累depress vt.使抑郁；使沮丧；使萧条；降低depressed adj.抑郁的；沮丧的；不景气的，萧条的；降低了的be depressed

15、 about sth.对感到无望depression n.消沉；沮丧；萧条期，经济衰退即学即用用depressing的适当形式填空(1)She suffered from severe_after losing her job.(2)A rise in oil prices recently_the car market.(3)He felt_about the result of the exam.答案：(1)depression(2)depresses(3)depressed6discourage vt.&vi.阻止，打消念头；使失去信心They discouraged me from t

16、aking that step.他们劝阻我采取那个步骤。We discourage smoking in this school.我们阻止在这学校里吸烟。The difficult work discouraged Alan and he left school.艰难的功课使艾伦失去了信心，退学了。知识拓展discouragement n.泄气，沮丧discouraged adj.泄气的，沮丧的discouraging adj.令人泄气的，使人沮丧的表示“阻止某人做某事”的短语：stop sb.(from)doing sth.keep sb.from doing sth.prevent sb.

17、(from)doing sth.即学即用用discourage的适当形式填空(1)她尽管遇到许多挫折，却仍然不气馁。Despite all these_，she refused to give up.(2)如果练习太难，学习者就可能感到非常泄气。Learners can feel very_if an exercise is too difficult.(3)测试结果让人很沮丧。The test results are very_.答案：(1)discouragements(2)discouraged(3)discouraging7privilege n特权；特殊的荣幸It is a grea

18、t privilege to know you.认识你真是莫大的荣幸。Our members have the privilege to using the lending service of the library.我们的会员有享受图书馆借书服务的特权。She had led a life of luxury and privilege.她过着养尊处优的生活。知识拓展have the privilege of doing 有幸做，有做的特权It is a privilege to do sth.做是一种荣幸privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的；荣幸的be privilege

19、d to do sth.荣幸地去做某事即学即用完成句子但愿有幸与他们再度一起工作。I hope to_with them again.答案：have the privilege of working1come into sight 进入视野，看得见Well fire as soon as the enemy comes into sight.敌军一进入视野我们就开火。A bicycle came into sight on the main road.大路上出现了一辆自行车。知识拓展in/within sight 看得见，在视野内out of sight 看不见catch sight of 看

20、到，发现at the sight of 一看到lose sight of 看不见；忽略lose ones sight 失明in the sight of sb.in sbs sight 从某人的观点来看；在某人看来即学即用完成句子那艘船驶出浓雾，进入视野。The ship_out of the fog.答案：came into sight2break up(1)结束；停止；解散The party broke up at midnight.晚会在午夜结束。What time is the meeting expected to break up?会议可望在几点钟结束？He broke up th

21、e fight between the two gangs.他制止了两伙人打架。(2)打破；弄碎；拆开She broke up the glass in her search for money.她在找钱时把玻璃打碎了。He can break up that stone with his hand.他用手能打碎那块石头。(3)(学校期终)放假The boys will break up for the Christmas vacation next week.孩子们下周放圣诞假。知识拓展break down机械失灵；失败；分解break away from脱离(党派或组织)；改掉(恶习)br

22、eak into强行进入，破门而入break in打断；插嘴；破门而入(不及物)break out爆发break through突破The thief planned to break into the bank but he failed to break in.这名盗贼计划闯入银行但没有成功。辨析break down，break upbreak down和break up都有分解之意，但有区别：break down指改变某物化学成分的分解。指化学变化。break up(通过分析、决定等方法)分开某物，指物理变化。即学即用完成句子最后这个国家分裂为三个国家。Finally the count

23、ry_three countries.答案：broke up into3come up with提出，想出He came up with a new suggestion.他提出了一个新建议。You have come up with a good idea.你想出了一个不错的主意。知识拓展由come构成的其他短语：come about发生；造成come across偶然碰见；无意中找到come back回来；忆起，(风尚)又流行起来come by弄到；获得；经过；从旁边过去come down下来，倒塌；降落come off分离，脱落come on跟着来，跟上来；口得啦，快点，别胡扯啦come

24、 out出来；出现；出版；结局come to达到，总计为come up走近；被提出注意：come up with意为“想出，提出；赶上”，主语是人，无被动语态；而come up意为“被提出”，主语是物。即学即用完成句子我希望你能提出比这个更好的计划。I hope you can_a better plan than this.答案：come up with4in case of 如果；万一(n./pron.)In case of rain，they cant go.万一下雨他们就不能去了。In case of fire，ring the alarm bell.遇到火情时立即按警铃。知识拓展in

25、 case 假如；万一(连词，常引导条件状语从句)as is often the case 这是常有的事in any case 无论如何；总之in no case 决不(in no case置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话in the case of 就来说；关于In any case，catch the train tomorrow.无论如何，明天一定要赶上火车。In no case should you leave here.在任何情况下都不要离开这里。Take an umbrella in case it rains.带上雨伞以防下雨。即

26、学即用完成句子留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。Leave your key with your neighbor_you lock yourself out one day.答案：in case1Shackleton and his men watched the Endurance sink into the icy sea.沙克尔顿和他的伙伴看着“耐力”号沉入冰海。The whale hunters at the camp couldnt believe their eyes when they saw the six men walking down from the m

27、ountains.营地的捕鲸者看到六个人从山上走下来时简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。(1)这两句中都含有“感官动词宾语宾语补足语”结构，第一句中watch后接不带to的不定式sink into the icy sea作宾补；第 二 句 中 see后 接 动 词 ing形 式 walking down from the mountains作宾补。(2)“感官动词宾语不带to的动词不定式”结构表示看到宾语做某事的全过程，宾语与不定式之间是主谓关系；“感官动词宾语动词ing形式”表示看到宾语正在做某事，宾语与分词之间是主谓关系。(3)感官动词还能构成“感官动词宾语过去分词”结构，表示看到某事被做，分词与宾

28、语之间有动宾关系。I saw the train come into the station.我看见火车进站了。(强调看到全过程)Someone saw them playing in the middle of the street.有人看见他们正在马路中间玩。(强调看到动作正在进行)It was said that a person had seen the man killed.据说有个人看见了那名男子被杀。(强调被动)注意：感官动词或使役动词(make，let，have)之后要加不带to的不定式作宾补，但当它们(let和have除外)用于被动语态时，不定式必须带to。即学即用语法填空T

29、he managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _(carry out)the next year.答案：carried out2If you dont，theres a severe risk that youll damage your eyesight or get badly sunburnt.如果你不这样做的话，将会有损害视力或灼伤皮肤的巨大危险。句中get sunburnt 意为“被晒伤”，get为系动词。I got lost in the forest.我在森林中迷路了。I got separated from

30、 my friends when we were in the crowds.在人群中我和我的朋友们被分开了。知识拓展get/be hurt 受伤get/be married 结婚get/be burnt 烧伤，晒黑get/be dressed 穿上衣服get/be separated from 与分离即学即用语法填空Sarah，hurry up.Im afraid you wont have time to get _(change)before the party.答案：changed单元课标语法表解语法助记()词类例句名词The news is exciting.名词化的形容词 The

31、disabled are well cared for in our country.代词None of us believed what he said.数词Onethird of the work has been finished.不定式To decide is to act.(决定即行动)。动名词Watching a film is a pleasure；making one is hard work.从句Whether he will come is unknown.注意：1不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语。(1)句型It isadj.(for sb.)to do sth.中常见的

32、形容词(用于 说 明 事 物 的 性 质)有：easy，difficult，hard，important，possible，impossible，comfortable，necessary等。(2)句型It isadj.(of sb.)to do sth.中常见的形容词(用于说明人的品质)有：kind，nice，stupid，rude，clever，foolish，thoughtful，thoughtless，brave，silly，selfish等。Its easy(for me)to do that.It is not easy to grow fruit trees and vegeta

33、bles here.Its very kind of you to help us.2动名词作主语时，前面可加代词或名词所有格表示动名词的逻辑主语。Their winning the match is an inspiration to all of us.Janes joining the singing team gave them a surprise.3there be句型中，主语通常放在be之后。There is nothing to get excited about.There ought to be some team members looking after the stu

34、dents.4不定式或动词ing形式作主语时，句子的表语往往和主语在形式上保持一致。To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.眼见为实。图解助记()表解助记()规则说明例句及物动词与不及物动词及物动词指的是后面能跟宾语的动词。可分为跟单宾语的及物动词、跟双宾语的及物动词、跟复合结构的及物动词等。常见的跟单宾语的及物动词有accept，put，worry，use，forget等。I want to borrow a book.我想借一本书。Hand me that book，please.请把那本书递给我。The noise almost drove me

35、 mad.噪音几乎使我发疯。不及物动词指的是后面不能跟宾语的动词。在英语中大多数动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，纯不及物动词很少。常见的不及物动词有apologize，appear，arrive，come，go，run，walk，die，fall等。I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.我因为踩了她的脚而向她道歉。We waited until Mom came.我们一直等直到妈妈来。规则说明例句连系动词连接主语表示主语身份、性质、状态的动词称为连系动词(linking verbs)。She proves very honest.经证明

36、她很诚实。Its a week since she fell ill.她病了一个星期了。常见的表示状态的连系动词有be，look，seem，appear，smell，taste，sound，feel，keep，stay等。I feel very sorry for what Ive done.就我所做的事我感到很抱歉。常见的表示转变或结果的连系动词有become，get，grow，turn，go，come，fall，prove等。After graduation，she turned nurse.毕业后她当了护士。The milk went bad.牛奶变质了。规则说明例句情态动词情态动词不能

37、表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。I will move to the countryside next year.明年我要搬到乡下去。常见的情态动词有be able to，can，could，may，must，shall，should，will，would，ought to，need，dare，have to，used to等。情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等；和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。Im afraid you dare not/darent do such a thing.恐怕你不敢做这样的事情。You ought to make an apolo

38、gy to Joan.你应该向琼道歉。除个别本身带to的情态动词外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。You must finish the project by Friday.周五前你必须完成任务。You neednt come if you are busy.如果忙，你就不必来了。规则说明例句助动词助动词be主要构成进行时态和被动语态。(a)be现在分词构成进行时态。(b)be及物动词的过去分词构成被动语态。My little child is reading to her pet.我的孩子正给她的宠物读书呢。The story is said to be very instruct

39、ive.据说这个故事很有教育意义。助动词do/does可以构成一般现在时的否定式和疑问式；did可构成一般过去时的否定式和疑问式。助动词do/does/did还可以用来对谓语动词进行强调。I dont like watching TV.我不喜欢看电视。I did phone you last night，but no one was in.昨天晚上我的确给你打电话了，但没人在家。助动词have/has/had能够构成完成时态。We hadnt walked far when we lost our way.我们没走多远就迷路了。注意：终止性动词常与表示时间点的时间状语连用，若用于否定句则可以和

40、表示一段时间的状语连用；而延续性动词可与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：They stopped working at 5 oclock pm.他们在下午五点钟停止了工作。They didnt leave home for a month last year.去年他们有一个月的时间未离开家。They have learned English for 5 years.他们学英语5年了。表解助记()动词的时态时态构成现在过去将来过去将来一般时态除第三人称单数一般在动词后加s/es外，其他用动词原形动词的过去式shall/will动词原形should/would动词原形进行时态am/is/are现在分

41、词was/were现在分词shall/willbe现在分词should/wouldbe现在分词时态构成现在过去将来过去将来完成时态have/has过去分词had过去分词shall/willhave过去分词should/wouldhave过去分词完成进行时态have/hasbeen现在分词hadbeen现在分词表解助记()被动语态的结构时态被动语态一般现在时am/is/are过去分词一般过去时was/were过去分词一般将来时will/shallbe过去分词过去将来时would/shouldbe过去分词或was/were going to be过去分词现在进行时am/is/are being过去

42、分词过去进行时was/were being过去分词现在完成时has/have been过去分词过去完成时had been过去分词知识拓展一、常用同义动词arrive(at)到达get(to)到达reach 到达ask 要求beg 请求please 请request 请求beat 敲打hit 打；撞knock 敲；击become 成为turn 转变为begin 开始start 开始bring(从别处)带来take 带去(到别处)burn 烧；点燃light 点亮buy 买get 买；得到call 打电话phone 打电话ring 给打电话call 叫cry 叫喊shout 呼喊call 拜访vi

43、sit 访问catch 抓hold 握住take 抓住check 检查test 测验choose 选择pick 挑选cost 花费pay 付款spend 花费die 死亡kill 杀死dress 给穿衣服wear 穿；戴drive 驾驶ride 骑drop 落下fall落下eat 吃have 吃；喝；玩excuse 原谅forgive 原谅pardon 原谅feel 摸；感觉touch 触摸fix 修理mend 修补grow 种植plant 种植hope 希望wish 愿望want 想要know 知道learn 知道understand 懂得learn 学习study 学习leave 离开st

44、art 出发lift 举起rise 升高like 喜欢enjoy 喜欢love 爱listen 听hear 听见live 居住stay 逗留look 看see 看见 watch 观看notice 注意到lose 丢失miss 失去make 制造produce 制造；生产need 需要want 要；需要pass 传递hand 交付put 放place 放置lay 平放seem 似乎look 显得appear 貌似是smile 微笑laugh 大笑talk 谈话say 说speak 讲tell 告诉trouble 打扰worry 担忧二、动词词组1动词介词/副词如：act on 照行事answer

45、 for 对负责arm.against 带武器以防备agree with 同意(某人)2过去分词介词(这类短语常同连系动词连用)如：be absorbed in 全神贯注于be burdened with 负重be connected with 同有关；同有联系be covered with 覆盖着3动词名词介词如：apply ones mind to 专心于catch sight of 瞧见；看见catch(take)hold of 抓住devote oneself to 献身于；专心于4动词副词介词如：add up to 总计为break away from 改掉；与脱离关系be up t

46、o 应由；轮到cut down on 削减5动词介词名词如：arrive at a conclusion 得出结论burst into pieces 成为碎片burst into tears 突然大哭burst into laughter 突然大笑come to sbs help(aid)前来援助某人三、动词介词/副词所构成的动词短语分类(1)动词forrun for 竞选 call for 需要wait for 等候care for 关心；喜欢stand for 表示；代表long for 希望hunt for 寻找ask for 请求；要求apologize for 道歉apply for

47、 申请provide for 提供；作准备 search for 探索(2)动词fromlearn from 向学习suffer from 受苦hear from 收到的信differ from 与不同turn from 脱离die from 因而死result from 由于(3)动词aboutspeak about 讲起；谈及bring about 促成；导致think about 思考set about 着手；开始care about 对感兴趣leave about 乱丢move about 走来走去see about 查看；查询lie about 闲荡hear about 听说(4)动

48、词withdeal with 处理meet with 遇到；受到talk with 与交谈compare with 与比较begin with 以起始agree with 赞同disagree with 不赞同equip with 装备combine with 与联合(5)动词ondepend on 依靠；根据insist on 坚持keep on 继续carry on 继续rely on 依靠catch on 受欢迎；理解go on 继续(6)动词outturn out 产生break out 爆发set out 出发clean out 打扫干净hold out 伸出；坚持bring out

49、 使明显wear out 用尽；穿破burst out 喊叫carry out 执行pick out 选出point out 指出figure out 算出pass out 分发hand out 分发help out 救助(7)动词ofread of 读到think of 想到approve of 赞成dream of 梦到consist of 由组成die of 因而死speak of 谈到talk of 谈到tire of 厌烦hear of 听说complain of 抱怨，诉苦(8)动词downdie down 渐熄turn down 关小；拒绝take down 记下cut down

50、 削减break down 破坏burn down 烧毁calm down 平静下来close down 停业copy down 记下drop down 突然掉下pull down 拉下run down 耗尽slow down 慢下来(9)动词offpay off 偿清债务start off 启程leave off 中断bring off 圆满完成call off 取消get off 下车take off 脱下；起飞set off 启程pull off 脱下show off 卖弄wear off 逐渐消失；逐渐减少see off 送别go off 变坏(10)动词ingive in 让步；屈服

51、hand in 上交bring in 引入；收益drop in 访问persist in 坚持succeed in 获成功result in 导致take in 接纳；受欺骗trade in 交易；从事involve in 卷入cut in 插入engage in 从事fill in 填写join in 参加(11)动词tocome to 到达；谈到stick to 坚持object to 反对agree to 答应；同意turn to 请求帮助amount to 共达到apply to 申请attend to 处理belong to 属于see to 照料；诊治reply to 答复attr

52、ibute to 归因于；属于(12)动词overgo over 复习；翻阅get over 复原；完成take over 接收look over 检查；查阅carry over 继续下去change over 更换cross over 穿过(街道)glance over 浏览lean over 伏在上面read over 审阅watch over 守卫hand over 移交win over 说服talk over 讨论think over 思考leave over 遗留laugh over 笑着谈论(13)动词upgrow up 逐渐长大tear up 撕碎do up 修饰feed up

53、使厌烦；过饱give up 放弃fix up 安装；安排hold up 举起；受阻mix up 混淆break up 拆散；结束show up 出现；露面build up 建立cover up 盖起来end up 结束tidy up 整理hurry up 赶快lock up 锁上draw up 拟订eat up 吃完set up 建立bring up 抚养lay up 卧床；贮存(14)动词awaythrow away 扔掉clear away 扫除wear away 磨损；消耗blow away 吹走break away 消失die away 逐渐消失draw away 拉开；离开wash

54、away 清洗pass away 去世run away逃走carry away 拿走；忘乎所以(15)动词throughget through 通过；干完carry through 完成come through 收到；安然度过check through 核对cut through 走近路see through 识破fall through 失败(16)动词bypass by 从旁边经过come by 经过；得到sit by 袖手旁观conclude by 以结尾(17)动词intorun into 陷入；碰见fit into 适合burst into 闯入(18)动词atdrive at 意指

55、；暗示gaze at 凝视stare at 凝视glance at 匆匆掠过look at 注视laugh at 嘲笑tear at 用力撕扯work at 从事于；致力于wonder at 惊讶于高考直击语法填空(1)(2014安徽改编)The twins,who_(finish)their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.答案：had finished句意：已经完成了他们的家庭作业，这对双胞胎被允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据句意可知他们完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球之前。而他们被允许打羽毛球已经使用了一般过

56、去时，所以完成作业应该使用过去完成时。(2)(2014北京改编)Hi,lets go skating.Sorry,Im busy right now.I _(fill)in an application form for a new job.答案：am filling句意：喂，我们去滑冰吧！对不起，我现在很忙，我正在填写一份新的工作申请表。根据句意可知本句是在叙述说话时正在进行，正在发生的事情，所以使用现在进行时。(3)(2014福建改编)Havent seen you for ages!Where have you been?I went to Ningxia and _(stay)ther

57、e for one year,teaching as a volunteer.答案：stayed句意：很久没有看见你了！你到哪里去了？我去了宁夏，并在那里待了一年时间，作教书的志愿者。本句只是叙述我过去在宁夏待了一年，没有强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。而且也没有持续到现在，因为我已经回来了。所以使用一般过去时陈述事实即可。(4)(2014湖 南 改 编)Since the time humankind started gardening,we _(try)to make our environment more beautiful.答案：have been trying本题考查时态。关键词是

58、since.自从；since引导的从句经常要和现在完成时以及现在完成进行时连用。句意：自从人类开始搞园艺活动到现在，我们一直都在让我们的环境更美丽。本句使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的持续性和反复性。(5)(2014江苏改编)How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well,the media _(cover)it in a variety of forms.答案：have covered句意：你对即将在南京举行的青奥会了解多少？很多，媒体以多种形式对青奥会举行了报道。根据本句中的well，

59、可知后者对青奥会很了解。这主要是因为媒体多种形式的报道，本句使用现在完成时体现出过去所发生的事情对现在的影响。(6)(2014山东改编)They made up their mind that they _(buy)a new house once Larry changed jobs.答案：would buy本题考查时态。句意：他们决定，一旦Larry 换了工作，他们就买一个新房子。本句中的would表示的是过去将来时。他们是在过去决定一个将要发生的事情，所以使用过去将来时。(7)(2014四川改编)She _(phone)someone,so I nodded to her and wen

60、t away.答案：was phoning句意：她正在和一个人打电话，于是我向她点了下头便走了。根据后句I nodded to her and went away“我只向她点了下头”说明她正在打电话。所以使用过去进行时表示在过去某个时间正在进行的事情。(8)(2014重庆改编)Youd better write down her phone number before you _(forget)it.答案：forget本题考查时态。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常常使用一般现在时代替将来时。本句中的连词before引导的就是一个时间状语从句，所以使用一般现在时代替将来时。句意：在你忘记之前最

61、好把她的电话号码写下来。即学即用语法填空1I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers _(swim)before my eyes.答案：swam句意：我整个下午都在做数学，那些数字在我眼前晃来晃去。前一分句用了过去完成进行时，由此可知叙述的是过去的情况，后一分句用一般过去时描述做数学时的情况。2.Walmart，which is one of the largest American supermarket chains，_(keep)some of its stores open 24 hours on

62、 Mondays through Saturdays.答案：keeps句意：沃尔玛是美国最大的连锁超市之一，部分店从星期一到星期六24小时营业。根据句中的“is”可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语为Walmart，谓语动词要用第三人称单数。3Look！Somebody _(clean)the sofa.Well，it wasnt me.I didnt do it.答案：has cleaned句意：瞧，有人擦过沙发了。哦，不是我，我没有擦过沙发。根据语境可知，空处表示有人已经做过某事了，故用现在完成时。4If my car_(be)more reliable，I would have driven

63、to Lasa instead of flying last summer.答案：had been句意：假如我的车更可靠的话，我去年夏天会开车去拉萨而不是坐飞机去。此处是对过去事情的假设，故条件句用过去完成时，主句用would/could/mighthave done。5Dont worry.The hard work that you do now _(repay)later in life.答案：will be repaid根据空后面的later一词可知，此处应用一般将来时态，又因repay与work之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。句意：别担心。你现在的艰苦努力今后会得到回报的。6I

64、t is still under discussion_the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.答案：whether考查主语从句的连接词。主语从句属于名词性从句的一种，应先看句中是否缺少成分。本题句中成分齐全，但从前面的under discussion可知应加一个“是否”之意，因此选whether。7The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials，the rest of which_(be)saved for other purposes.答案：were

65、根据主句中的used可知，时态为一般过去时。the rest指的是raw materials的一部分，因为material在本题中是可数名词，所以the rest of which作主语时谓语应该用复数形式。巩 固 提 升.选词填空glare at，come up with，break up，in the absence of，be trapped in，be fond of，in detail，in case of，come into sight，discourage.from1He first_the good idea of going to visit a factory.2_firm

66、 evidence，he was set free.3_emergency，break the glass and press the button.4He_the naughty children and they ran away.5Try to_him_driving back home at night.6Soon the village_when we arrived at the valley.7In case of failure，they will_danger.8There was a danger of the ship_ completely because it hit

67、 the iceberg(冰山)9I used to_pop music very much.10He told us the accident_.答案：1.came up with2.In the absence of3.In case of4.glared at5.discourage；from6.came into sight7.be trapped in8.breaking up9.be fond of10.in detail.用所给词的适当形式填空1The young_(be)more active than the old in the work.2It is no use_(te

68、ll)him not to worry.3It is important for students_(learn)English well.4Iron_(feel)cold in winter.5Around the corner_(be)several small shops.6Where_(hold)the meeting isnt decided.7You_(do)the work better，but you didnt.答案：1.are2.telling3.to learn4.feels5.are6.to hold7.should have done.单项填空1I feel_beca

69、use I cannot see myself do any sports for several months，which is very_.Adepressing；depressingBdepressed；depressedCdepressing；depressedDdepressed；depressing答案：D句意：我觉得沮丧的是几个月之内我什么运动都做不了啦，真叫人泄气。2A single failure_him from trying again.Adiscouraged BdecreasedCdisturbed Ddisgusted答案：A句意：一次的失败便使他气馁而不敢再试。d

70、iscourage sb.from doing sth.使某人丧失信心；劝阻某人做某事；decrease减少；降低；disturb干扰；disgust讨厌。3They were walking along the river when a boat_.Acame into sight Bin sightClost sight of Dwas out of sight答案：A句意：他们正沿着这条河流走时，突然，一条小船映入他们的眼帘。in sight看得见；lose sight of看不见；失去消息；out of sight看不见。4Im surprised to hear that Sue a

71、nd Paul have_.So am IThey seemed very happy together when I last saw them.Aused up Bgiven upCbroken up Dmade up答案：C句意：“听说苏和保罗分手了，我很惊讶。”“我也是。上次见他们的时候看上去还很幸福。”break up“分手”，符合题意。use up“用完”；give up“放弃”；make up“和好”。5Have you_some new ideas?Yeah.Ill tell you later.Acome about Bcome intoCcome up with Dcome

72、 out with答案：C句意：“你想出什么新主意了吗？”“是的，我等会儿告诉你。”come up with“想出”，符合题意。come about“发生”；come into“进入”；come out with“发表，公布”。6So many children_from the kindergarten because of this kind of disease，the kindergarten director had to declare a holiday for a week.Awere absent Bbeen absentChad been absent Dbeing abs

73、ent答案：D根据the kindergarten director had to declare a holiday for a week是一个完整的句子，可知前面是一个独立主格结构，因此选D项。7Youve failed to do what you_to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you.Awill expect Bwill be expectedCexpected Dwere expected答案：D句中you与expect存在被动关系，首先排除A、C两项。又有have failed提示应是过去你被期盼做的事，故应为过去时，正确答案为D项。8Why are you going to take so much money with you?Just_emergency.Ain place of Binstead ofCin case of Din search of答案：C句意：“你为什么带这么多现金”“以备急用罢了。”in case of“以防；假使”，符合题意。in place of“代替”；in search of“寻找”。课后强化作业（点此链接）