Unit 3The world online 讲义 2020-2021学年【新教材】牛津译林版（2020）高中英语必修第三册讲义（上）.docx

1、M3U3 The world online I 有人认为网络是一把双刃剑。一方面，它给人们带来前所未有的便利和灵感，但另一方面，它也会引起许多意想不到的问题。With the development of science and technology, the Internet becomes more and more popular. You can find it nearly everywhere in our life, work and study. In other words the Internet is playing an increasingly important r

2、ole in peoples lives.Some people view it as a doubleedged sword.On the one hand, it brings unprecedented convenience and inspiration, but on the other hand, it also causes many unexpected problems.Networks bring about many conveniences for our life. If you have a computer and network, you can get al

3、most all information you need or the latest news conveniently. Whats more, we can save a lot of time while going shopping online without going out. The Internet also provides a wide platform for our study and entertainment.Although the Internet has brought convenience to us, many people have begun t

4、o realize that it is the source of trouble as well. Take the young for example, some young people, especially some of the students, are too addicted to the Net surfing. They spend too much time on the games, chatting, movie seeing and even shopping online, which is harmful to their health because th

5、e Internet is so complicated that it is not easy for the young to control themselves.Each coin has two sides. When we are surfing online, we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems of the Net, and make good use of the Net.【阅读障碍词】1increasingly adv.越来越多地，不断增加地2inspiration n. 灵感，鼓舞人心

6、的人或事3complicated adj. 复杂的，难懂的4aspect n. 方面；层面；外观l 语言知识初探I. 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1access n. 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt. 到达，进入，使用accessible adj. 易接近的，可进入的2major adj. 主要的，较多的majority n. 大部分，大多数；多数票3deliver vt. 递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出delivery n递送4establish vt. 建立（关系或联系）；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定establishment n确定；建立5instant adj. 立即的，立刻的；

7、方便的 n. 瞬间，片刻；某一时刻instantly adv. 立即地6aware adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有意识的unaware adj. 无意识的，未觉察的awareness n意识，明白，知道II. 根据提示补全下列短语1. to a certain extent 在一定程度上 2. at ones fingertips 掌握（信息），熟悉、精通 3. above all else 最重要的是，尤其是 4. keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系 反 lose contact with sb. 与某人失去联系5. the majority of .

8、 大多数6. life-changing advantages 改变生活的好处7. establish and maintain social ties 建立和维护社会关系8. an instant reply 即时的回复9. take off 脱下（衣服、鞋帽）；（飞机）起飞；休假；（某人/物）突然大受欢迎，迅速流行，事业腾达10. bring up 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；抚养，养育；提出（讨论等）；呕吐l 重点知识点解析take off 脱下（衣服、鞋帽）；（飞机）起飞；休假；（某人/物）突然大受欢迎，迅速流行，事业腾达(教材P29) Soon emojis took off thr

9、oughout the world. 很快表情符号就风靡全球了。如：We eventually took off at 11 oclock and arrived in Juneau at 1: 30. 我们终于在11点起飞，1：30到达朱诺。In 1944，he met Edith Piaf, and his career took off. 1944年，他遇到伊迪丝琵雅芙，从此他的事业飞黄腾达。Ive decided to take three days off next week. 我已经决定下周休息三天。【归纳拓展】take构成的其他相关短语：take in吸收；理解，领会；欺骗；收留

10、take . away拿走；消除take . back收回；退回take down 写下；拆除take on雇用；呈现take over接收，接管take up拿起；占据（时间、空间）；开始从事（某一职业）；开始喜欢做某事【即时巩固】选用上面的短语填空In fact, surfing the Internet takes up most of her time.He was given some pills to take away the pain.The city has been developing very fast and it has taken on a new look.so

11、lution/key/answer/bridge/approach, etc to .The young man will take over the company when his father is old.access n机会，权利；入径，通道 vt. 到达，进入，使用(教材P30) We can achieve almost anything onlinewith access to the Internet come some truly lifechanging advantages. 在网上我们几乎什么都能做到，接入互联网带来了一些实实在在改变我们生活的好处。【用法详解】hav

12、e/get/gain access to . 有机会/权利接触/使用；进入（某地）；见到（某人或某物） give (sb.) access to . 准许（某人）使用或见到如：I cant get access to the data bank you recommended to me.Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. 因此我被允许接近他们的居住环境。It is the only access to the farmhouse. 这是去那个农舍的唯一通路。Youve illegally a

13、ccessed and misused confidential security files. 你已经非法访问并盗用了机密的安全文件。【归纳拓展】词性转换：accessible adj. 表 可使用的，可进入的，可接近的；易理解的 常见搭配 be accessible to . _某人能进入/使用的；容易被某人理解的 如：The new technology should be accessible to everyone. 这项新技术应该让每个人都可以使用。 Their goal was to make these principles more accessible. 他们的目标是使这些

14、行为准则变得更容易理解。【归纳拓展】词性转换：access n. 通道；机会，权利（常与介词to搭配）【易混辨析】注意区分available（可获得的；有空的）的含义和用法。【即时巩固】单句语法填空Our new school library is accessible(access) to every student in our school.In my opinion, everyone should have access to a free public library.The loft can be accessed(access) by ladder.bring up 使显示在计

15、算机屏幕上，调出；抚养，养育；提出（讨论等）；呕吐(教材P30) In the time it takes to find one book in the library，we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results. 在图书馆找一本书所花的时间里，我们可以用搜索引擎找到数百万条的结果。如：Click with the right mouse button to bring up a new menu. 单击鼠标的右键，调出另一个新菜单。He was brought up (=was raised) in Hannibal

16、, Missouri, along the Mississippi River. 他在密西西比河河畔密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。Bring it up at the meeting. 请将此事在会议上提出。【归纳拓展】bring构成的其他相关短语：bring in请某人做，让某人参与；引进；获利，赚钱bring out 出版；使显现bring about 引起；导致bring down 打倒（动物），打落（鸟）；减少，降低如：If you dont mind, I will bring him in to discuss with us on this matter as he is an expe

17、rtise. 如果你不介意，我就让他参与我们的讨论，看看这事儿如何处理，他到底是这方面的专家。【即时巩固】选用上面的短语填空His carelessness brought about his failure in the exam.Its too expensive.Could you please bring down the price a little?The greedy child brought up all he had eaten.Experts were brought in to advise the government.majority n大部分，大多数；多数票(教材

18、P30) No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information. 难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。【用法详解】the majority 大多数（的人/物）a/the majority of . 的大多数 in a/the majority 占大多数如：In the nursing profession, women are in a/the majority. 女性在护理行业中占大多数。The majority of p

19、eople interviewed prefer TV to radio. 大多数接受采访的人喜欢看电视，不愿意听收音机。She was elected by/with a majority of 749. 她以749票的多数票当选。注意 (1)the majority单独作主语时，若侧重于整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若侧重于个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。如： The majority was/were in favour of banning smoking. 大多数人支持禁烟。 (2)“the/a majority of + 可数名词复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数；“the/a ma

20、jority of + 集体名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可；“the/a majority of + 单数名词/不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： The majority of my patients come to me from out of town. 大多数来找我看病的患者都是外省人。 The vast majority of the population统称/单数 lives in utter misery. 这里的人绝大多数生活在极度贫困之中。【归纳拓展】词性转换：major adj. 主要的；重要的 vi. 主修 n. C 主修课程常见搭配 major i

21、n . 主修minor adj. 较小的，次要的 vi. 辅修 n. C 辅修课程常见搭配 minor in . 辅修minority n. 少数，少数派常见搭配 the minority 少数（的人/物）a/the minority of . 的少数 in a/the minority 占少数Minority Report 少数派报告（菲利普迪克著短篇小说）【即时巩固】单句语法填空If you look at the audience at a classical concert, the majority(major) is over the age of fifty.The majori

22、ty of the damage is(be) easy to repair.deliver vt. 递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出；生（孩子）(教材P31) You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites. 你可以使用送餐应用程序和网站让食物送到你身边。【用法详解】deliver sth. to sb. 把某物递送给某人deliver a baby助产；接生 be delivered of =give birth to 分娩，生（孩子）deliver a speech 发表演说如：Would you p

23、lease deliver my message to your mother? 你可以帮我传口信给你母亲吗？The man who is delivering a speech now is my father. 现在发表演说的那个人是我的父亲。【归纳拓展】词性转换：delivery n. 递送 arrangement n. 安排，筹备；布置，安排方式；约定，商定 (教材P31) When you wish to go on holiday, you can make all your travel arrangements just in front of the computer.你想去

24、度假，在电脑前就能安排所有的旅游行程。【用法详解】make arrangements (for.)（为）筹备 come to/ arrive at an arrangement 达成协议如：We have made arrangements for our vacation. 我们已经为我们的假期做了安排。Ill make arrangements for you to be met at the airport. 我会安排人到机场接你。The arrangement of the furniture in our new house took a long time. 我们新房里的家具布置花

25、了很长时间。We can come to an arrangement over the price. 我们可以就价格问题达成一项协议。【归纳拓展】词性转换：arrange vi. & vt. 安排，筹备 vt. 整理，布置常见搭配 arrange sth. (for sb.) （为某人）安排/筹备某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事（注意介词for不可省略！）如：Its not necessary for parents to arrange everything for their children.

26、父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。 Can I arrange an appointment for Monday? 我可以安排星期一约见吗？ We arranged for a car to collect us from the airport. 我们安排了一辆轿车到机场接我们。instant adj. 立即的，立刻的；方便的 n瞬间，片刻；某一时刻(教材P31) An instant message, a group chat, a video call, a comment on an update - there are endless ways to share our views o

27、r let someone know we care about them. 一个即时消息、一个群聊、一个视频电话、一个更新的评论有无数的方式来分享我们的观点或让别人知道我们关心他们。【用法详解】instant noodles/coffee, etc. 方便面/速溶咖啡，等等 the instant (that) . =as soon as . 一就（引导时间状语从句） in an instant 一会儿后；片刻，马上如：The injured were in instant need of help. 那些伤员急需救助。This account gives you instant acces

28、s to your money. 这个账户让你随时调动款项。The show was an instant success. 演出一炮打响。【归纳拓展】词性转换：instantly =immediately adv. 立刻，马上 conj. 一就【即时巩固】单句语法填空I sent you the news the instant I heard it.At the mention of his name, he instantly(instant) stood up.Not for an instant did I believe he had lied. 我从未想过他会撒谎。aware a

29、dj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有意识的(教材P31) As with any great invention, we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly. 就像任何伟大的发明一样，我们必须意识到这些问题，并恰当地、负责任地谨慎使用互联网。【用法详解】be aware of ./ that .明白；意识到make sb. aware of . 让某人意识到as far as Im aware =as far as I know 据我所知如：It

30、s of great importance for you to be aware of the contentTang poetry. 对你来说，了解内容唐诗，是很重要的。Are you aware that there is something wrong with the computer? 你意识到这台电脑出故障了吗？注意 (1)aware常用作表语或补足语，通常不作定语；(2)aware的修饰语通常用well或quite，表示“很，非常”，而不用very。【归纳拓展】词性转换：unaware adj. 不知道，未察觉常见搭配 be unaware of . 不知道，未意识到aware

31、ness n. U, sing. 意识，认知，了解常见搭配 heighten/increase/raise ones awareness of . 提高/增强某人的意识如：加强应对气候变化的宣传、教育 raise public awareness of addressing climate change【即时巩固】单句语法填空UNESCO recently set April 30 as a day to increase public awareness(aware) of jazz music.Everybody should be made(make) aware of the risk

32、s.As she was aware of the danger of smoking，she decided to give it up.1. (教材P31) No matter where we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones, find longlost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies. 无论我们在哪里，我们都能与所爱的人保持联系，找到失散已久的朋友，并发现与我们有共同爱好的全新群体。【句式剖析】本句为no matter

33、 where引导的让步状语从句。no matter where意为“无论在哪里”，相当于wherever。【考点提炼】“no matterwh疑问词” 引导的让步状语从句（1） “在no matter疑问词”引导的让步状语从句中，“no matter疑问词”可与“疑问词ever”互换。如： No matter how/ However many times I asked to watch cartoons, my parents would not let me.无论我多少次要求观看动画片，父母就是不让。No matter what/ Whatever you say, I wont bel

34、ieve you. 无论你说什么，我都不会相信你的。No matter when/ Whenever he comes again, hell be welcome. 不管他何时再来，他都会受到欢迎。（2）whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句；而no matter what/which/who/whom只能引导让步状语从句。 The letter is to whoever is concerned with this matter. 这封信是给任何相关人士的。【即时巩固】翻译句子、单句语法填空A determin

35、ed person always tries to finish the job, no matter how/ however hard it is(无论有多困难).You can ask for help whenever/ no matter when you need it(无论何时需要帮助).No matter where I go, I see people using their cell phones.However late it is, his mother is always waiting for him.Send it to whoever is in charge

36、of sales.2. (教材P31) However, while the Internet brings many valuable advantages, being connected has its problems. 然而，尽管互联网带来了许多宝贵的优势，网络连接也有它的问题。【句式剖析】这是一个while引导的让步状语从句，放在句首，while意为“虽然，尽管”。如：While I am willing to help，I do not have much time available. 尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。While I admit his good points

37、，I can see his shortcomings. 虽然我承认他的优点，但我还是能看到他的缺点。【考点提炼】while既可以引导让步和时间状语从句，也可引导并列句（表对比或转折）（1） while还可引导时间状语从句时，意为“当的时候；和同时”，此时，主从句谓语动作同时发生，从句谓语通常是延续性动词。如： Her parents died while she was still at school. 她还在读书时父母就去世了。While I was waiting at the bus stop, three buses went by in the opposite direction

38、.我在公共汽车站等车时，对向驶过了三辆公共汽车。You can go swimming while Im having lunch. 我吃午饭时你可以去游泳。（2）while引导并列句时，表示对比或转折，意为“而，然而”。如：While Toms very good at science, his brother is absolutely hopeless.汤姆很擅长理科，而他的兄弟绝对是不可救药。【即时巩固】单句语法填空The walls are green, while the ceiling is white. While the Internet is useful, we shou

39、ldnt spend too much time on it.He hurt his ankle while playing(play) football.（状语从句的省略）3. (教材P31) Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery，wonder and inspiration for everyone. 只有这样，互联网才可以成为一个让每个人有所发现、获得惊奇和灵感的地方。【句式剖析】“only+介词短语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语前面。如：Only after a ye

40、ar of friendly discussion did Ms.Garza finally say yes. 经过一年时间的友好讨论之后，Garza女士才最终同意了。Only then did I know the importance of study. 直到那时我才知道了学习的重要性。【考点提炼】“only+介词短语” 置于句首，引起部分倒装“only+状语（副词、介词短语或状语从句）”位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。注意 (1)当“only+状语从句”置于句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。如： Only when the teacher comes will it be possible

41、 to settle the problem.(2)当only修饰状语不位于句首，或位于句首的only用来修饰的不是状语，而是主语时，均不倒装。如： Only you can help me. 只有你能救我。【即时巩固】翻译句子只有用这种方法我们才能按时完工。Only in this way can we finish the work on time.只有通过通力合作，这一问题才能被解决。Only with combined/concerted efforts can the problem be settled. 小试身手-完成句子1. 这所学校已与当地社区建立良好关系。The schoo

42、l has established a successful relationship with the local community.2. 我们贫穷的日子一去不返了。（全部倒装）Gone are the days when we were poor. 3. 与别人的问题相比，我自己的问题算不得什么。（compare）My own problems seem insignificant compared with other peoples. 4. 事实上, 我想在大学主修英语, 这样我就能成为连接中国和世界的桥梁。（major）In fact, I want to major in Eng

43、lish in college and to be a bridge between China and the world. . 单句语法填空1The smell of the sea took him back to his childhood.2I like folk music.Its accessible(access) and lively.3The majority(major) of the parents in China are concerned about their childrens education.4Your blood cells must deliver

44、nutrients to all the other cells.5Ill give it to her the instant I see her.6Her popular book Silent Spring raised public awareness(aware) of the dangers of pollution.7Tom had his nose broken(break)in a fight.8Only when we lose our health do we realize how important it is.9They dont last long no matt

45、er how careful you are.10Many women still take career breaks to bring up children.II. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下列句子take off bring up at ones fingertips sit back above all else get in touch with to a certain extent get in the way turn to find out 1You can always turn to your teachers when you come across any q

46、uestions.2Above all else, wine is one of lifes great pleasures.3Her singing career took off after her TV appearance.4They didnt have to do anything except that they sat back and enjoy life.5Im trying to get in touch with Jane. Do you have her number?6I had the information at my fingertips and hadnt

47、used it.7We can find out how much money is spent on food in any given period.8He wouldnt allow emotions to get in the way of him doing his job.9To a certain extent, we are all responsible for this tragic situation.10The Smiths are praised for the way they bring up their children.III. 完形填空The media h

48、as a great effect on us in our daily life. Believe it or not. I will tell you a true story of my own.Last evening I was watching the evening news on television. The news was about a prize for scientific _36_; I forgot what it was. The announcer, whose name was Ralph Story, said something that caught

49、 my _37_. “All great discoveries,” he said, “are made by people between the ages of twenty-five and thirty.” _38_ a little over thirty myself, I wanted to disagree with him. _39_ wants to think that he is past the age of making any discovery. The next day I happened to be in the public library and s

50、pent several hours looking up the _40_ of famous people and their discoveries. Ralph was right.First I looked at some of the _41_ discoveries. One of the earliest discoveries, the famous experiment that proved that bodies of different _42_ fall at the same speed, was made by Galileo when he was 26.

51、Madam Curie started her research that _43_ to a Nobel Prize when she was-28.Einstein was 26 when he published his world-changing theory of relativity. Well, _44_ of that. Yet I _45_, if those “best years” were true in other _46_. How about the field of _47_? Surely it needed the wisdom of age to mak

52、e a good leader. Perhaps it _48_, but look when these people _49_ their career. Winston Churchill was elected to the House of Commons at the age of 26. Abraham Lincoln _50_ the life of a country lawyer and was elected to the government at what age? Twenty-six.But why _51_ the best years come after t

53、hirty? After thirty, I _52_, most people do not want to take risks or try _53_ ways. Then I thought of people like Shakespeare and Picasso. The former was writing wonderful works at the ripe age of fifty. while the latter was _54_ trying new ways of painting when he was ninety!Perhaps there is still

54、 _55_ for me.36. A. inventionB. discoveryC. experimentD. progress37. A. mindB. ideaC. attention D. thought38. A. AsB. BeingC. HoweverD. Beyond39. A. EverybodyB. SomebodyC. NobodyD. Whoever40. A. namesB. agesC. addressesD. education41. A. pleasantB. scientificC. lastD. oldest42. A. heightsB. sizesC.

55、weightsD. things43. A. ledB. meantC. stuck D. referred44. A. plentyB. noneC. muchD. enough45. A. believedB. trustedC. wonderedD. asked46. A. fieldsB. countriesC. courses D. ages47. A. agricultureB. societyC. industryD. politics48. A. isB. willC. hasD. does49. A. finishedB. wentC. startedD. failed50.

56、 A. devotedB. gave upC. beganD. led51. A. dontB. theC. canD. not52. A. believeB. knowC. guessD. agree53. A. otherB. newC. bestD. their54. A. alwaysB. stillC. seldom D. enjoying55. A. discoveryB. problemC. wishD. hope【答案】36-55 BCBCB BCADC ADDCB ACBBDIV. 七选五阅读On June 9, 1870, Charles Dickens died at t

57、he age of 58. The next day, a headline in The New York Times read: Death of the Great Novelist Mourned by the People of Two Continents._16_ Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens created some of the most unforgettable characters in English literature. You mu

58、st have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities. _17_ Since 1897, there have been more than 300 film and television adaptations of Dickens works.Natalie McKnight is a literature professor who studies Dickens and his works. _18_ One important

59、 reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart. He tried hard to produce emotional effects among his readers. A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh out lo

60、ud, cry and think. Many other 19th century novelists wrote entertaining works. _19_Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor. _20_This coming June marks the 150th year of Dickens death. Its anot

61、her chance to remember this great writer. Will you read (or re-read) some of his most famous works?A. Dickens novels have enriched English literature.B. A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies.C. His works led to many important social changes.D. However, few of them worked as hard

62、 as Dickens to attract readers minds.E. The headline was not overstating the fame of Dickens.F. Their works became the best sellers of that time.G. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular.【答案】EBGDC 单元单词默写1. _ n. 网络摄像头 2. _ n. 壶，瓶，罐；锅 3. _ n. 表情符号 4. _ n. 连环漫画；喜剧演员 adj. 滑稽的；喜剧的 5. _ 突然大

63、受欢迎，迅速流行 6. _ n. 国界，边界；尖端，边缘 7. _ n. 十亿 8. _ adv. 显然，明显地9. _ n. 机会，权利；路径，通道 vt. 到达，进入，使用 10. _ n. 程度，限度；范围 11. _ 在一定程度上 12. _ 掌握（信息），熟悉、精通（知识等），了如指掌 13. _ n. 点击，单击；咔哒声 vi. & vt. 使发出咔哒声；点击，单击 14. _ n. 按钮；纽扣 15. _ n. 食谱；方法，秘诀 16. _ adj. 军事的，军队的17. _ n. 公共事务，政治事务；事件，事情 18. _ 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出 19. _ n. 大

64、部分，大多数；多数票 20. _ n. 商品，货品；私人财产 21. _ n. 商务；商业；贸易22. _ vt. 递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出 23. _ n. 网站，站点；地点；现场 24. _ n. 靴子 25. _ n. 安排；布置；约定；排列 26. _ n. 现金；金钱，资金 27. _ 最重要的是，尤其是 28. _ vt. 建立（关系或联系）；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定 29. _ n. 软件 30. _ adj. 立即的，立刻的；方便的 n. 瞬间，片刻；某一时刻 31. _ n. 议论，评论；批评，指责 vi. & vt. 表达意见32. _ adj. 知道，意识到

65、；察觉到，发觉；有意识的 33. _ vt. & vi.（互联网上）冲浪，浏览；进行冲浪运动 34. _ n. 准则，指导方针；参考 35. _ vt. 删除；移走；开除36. _ n. 文件；文件夹；档案 wetcampotemoji comic take off frontier billion obviously access extent to a certain extent at ones fingertips clickbuttonrecipemilitaryaffairbring up majority goodscommerce deliver site boot arrangement cash above all else establish software instant comment aware surf guidelineremovefile