Unit 3 Section C Using Language-2020-2021学年高二英语同步课堂帮帮帮（人教版2019选择性必修第三册）.docx

1、UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION3.3 Using Language & Assessing Your Progress核心词汇1. reform vi. /vt. 改革; (使)改正; 改造 n. 改革; 变革; 改良*The reform and opening-up policy has brought about great changes to our life. 改革开放政策给我们的生活带来了巨大的变化。*The reform in economic system will help consolidate and develop the social

2、ist economic base. 经济体制改革有利于巩固和发展社会主义经济基础。*The medical reform in that country turns out to be a failure. 那个国家的医疗改革失败了。2. harmonious adj. 和谐的*As is known to all, a harmonious dormitory life is important to students and benefits all the members. 众所周知, 和谐的宿舍生活对学生很重要并且对所有成员都有好处。*We must try to be in har

3、mony with ourselves and those around us. 我们必须努力和我们自己及周围的人和睦相处。3. submit v. 提交; 呈递; 屈服*We have to submit ourselves to discipline. 我们必须遵守纪律。*He submitted his proposal for urban development to the city council. 他向市议会提交了城市发展的建议。*She is a strong-willed person who never submits to failure. 她是一个意志坚强的人, 从不屈

4、服于失败。4. sensitive adj. 敏感的, 善解人意的, 灵敏的*She is very sensitive to strangers and does not like meeting new people. 她对陌生人很敏感, 不喜欢认识新朋友。*A dog has a keen sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉很敏锐。*We all agreed that the plan made sense. 我们都认为这个计划有道理。*In no sense should such a thing be allowed to happen in our school. 决不允许

5、这样的事情发生在我们学校。5. restore vt. 恢复; 使复原; 修复*The Security Council shall decide what measures shall be taken to restore peace and security. 安理会将决定采取何种措施来恢复和平与安全。*They promised that they would restore the fallen bridge. 他们答应修复倒塌的桥。*He helped the artist restore damaged artwork to its original appearance. 他帮

6、助这位艺术家将受损的艺术品恢复到原来的样子。*He restored the dictionary to the shelf. 他把词典放回书架。6. dozen n. 一打, 十二个*He bought three dozen bottles of wine. 他买了36瓶酒。*There are dozens of people in the hall. 大厅里有许多人。* He ordered a dozen of their best red roses. 他订购了12朵他们那儿最好的红玫瑰。7. inspection n. 检查; 查看; 视察*He made an inspecti

7、on of the school. 他视察了这所学校。*The soldiers lined up for their daily/routine inspection by their officers. 士兵们列队接受长官们的日常检查。*Customs officers are inspecting our baggage. 海关人员正在检查我们的行李。8. tolerate vt. 忍受; 包容; 容许*The teacher cannot tolerate eating in class. 老师无法容忍在课堂上吃东西。*They need to be tolerant of diffe

8、rent points of view. 他们需要容忍不同的观点。*Tolerance is one of her many strengths. 宽容是她的许多优点之一。*The school has a policy of zero tolerance for students caught cheating on exams. 学校对考试作弊的学生实行零容忍政策。9. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. 随着越来越多的家庭和商业

9、废物流入江中, 水污染程度不断上升。【句式解构】“with+名词+v. -ing分词”是with的复合结构, 它在句中作状语。其中名词后的v. -ing分词还可以是v. -ed分词、形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式等。*With the teacher standing beside, she felt a bit uneasy. 老师站在旁边, 她觉得有点不自在。*With a native being our guide, we neednt be afraid of getting lost. 有本地人当向导, 我们不必担心迷路。*With her to go with us, we

10、re sure to have a pleasant journey. 有她和我们一起去, 我们的旅途一定会很愉快。*With his hair cut, he looks much younger. 理了头发, 他显得年轻多了。. 语法填空1. He (undergo) a lot of hardships in his childhood. 2. It is a (harmony) community where pupils are happy and industrious. 3. I have asked everyone (submit) questions in advance

11、of the meeting. 4. The College Entrance Examination is held on June 7 and 8 (annual). 5. To everyone in the world, money was a (sense) topic. 6. At that moment, my confidence (restore). 7. The new traffic (regulation) are aimed at reducing accidents in the city. 8. A company displays its industrial

12、(inspect) robot at the World Artificial Intelligence Conference. 9. According to the agreement, you shall (fine) if you fail to meet the goal. 10. Australian Day celebrations are an excellent way to encourage (tolerant), respect and friendship among all the people of Australia. . 选词填空on behalf of, d

13、ozens of, is harmful to, have effects on, contribute to, make use of, no longer, add to, turn up, deal with1. Anxiety disorders your health. 2. His will guarantee the success of the meeting. 3. Taking regular exercise good health. 4. After about three months, I was addicted to nicotine. 5. The child

14、 the desk to help him to get the bottle. 6. doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks. 7. When carbon is iron in proper proportion, the result is steel. 8. We have several important matters to at our next meeting. 9. John accepted the championship award the team. 10. As we know, n

15、oise is a kind of pollution and it our ears. 答案：. 1. He underwent(undergo) a lot of hardships in his childhood. 2. It is a harmonious(harmony) community where pupils are happy and industrious. 3. I have asked everyone to submit(submit) questions in advance of the meeting. 4. The College Entrance Exa

16、mination is held on June 7 and 8 annually(annual). 5. To everyone in the world, money was a sensitive(sense) topic. 6. At that moment, my confidence was restored(restore). 7. The new traffic regulations(regulation) are aimed at reducing accidents in the city. 8. A company displays its industrial ins

17、pection(inspect) robot at the World Artificial Intelligence Conference. 9. According to the agreement, you shall be fined(fine) if you fail to meet the goal. 10. Australian Day celebrations are an excellent way to encourage tolerance (tolerant), respect and friendship among all the people of Austral

18、ia. . 1. Anxiety disorders have effects on your health. 2. His turning up will guarantee the success of the meeting. 3. Taking regular exercise contributes to good health. 4. After about three months, I was no longer addicted to nicotine. 5. The child made/makes use of the desk to help him to get th

19、e bottle. 6. Dozens of doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks. 7. When carbon is added to iron in proper proportion, the result is steel. 8. We have several important matters to deal with at our next meeting. 9. John accepted the championship award on behalf of the team. 10. As

20、 we know, noise is a kind of pollution and it is harmful to our ears. . 阅读理解 In an attempt to handle the nations food wastage problem, Denmark has opened the worlds very first supermarketWeFood, which sells products that are damaged or soon expired. Ever since the grand opening in Copenhagen last Mo

21、nday, people have been lining up outside WeFood for a chance to purchase discounted items that would otherwise have ended up in the rubbish bin because of damaged packaging or very short use by date. The items at WeFood are priced at least 30 to 50 percent lower than at regular stores. “WeFood is th

22、e first supermarket of its kind in Denmark and perhaps the world, as it is not just aimed at low-income shoppers but anyone who is concerned about the amount of food wastage produced in the country, ” said project head Per Bjerre. “Many people see this as a positive and politically correct way to de

23、al with the problem. ”While Denmark alone is expected to waste about 700, 000 tons of food every year, the United Nations has stated that globally, food wastage amounts to 1. 3 billion tons. These are shocking figures, considering the fact that about 795 million people in the world are still starvin

24、g. Denmark, however, has adopted several measures to clean up its act, wasting 25% less food than it did five years ago. One such active move is founding the Food Bank, a local nonprofit that distributes extra food to homeless shelters. The WeFood project is a cooperation between the Food Bank and a

25、 religious charity Dan Church Aid. The WeFood and other similar projects have raised nearly $150, 000 over the past year. The store is now run mainly by volunteers. Profits are used to support Dan Church Aids other projects in developing nations like South Sudan. Provided WeFood remains popular in t

26、he long term and if it is able to keep up its food deliveries, Dan Church Aid plans to open more branches across Denmark. 1. What does the underlined word “expired” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Broken. B. Abnormal. C. Past-date. D. Rotten. 2. What can we learn about WeFood from the passage? A. I

27、t is managed by the Denmark government. B. It has won great popularity since its opening. C. It has largely reduced the worlds food wastage. D. It provides foods for poor families free of charge. 3. Whats the purpose of the the passage ? A. To call on people to stop wasting food. B. To list some fig

28、ures about food wastage. C. To present a successful managing pattern. D. To introduce a project against food wastage. 答案与解析：【语篇概述】本文为说明文。面对世界越来越严重的食物浪费问题, 丹麦的哥本哈根开了世界上首家专卖包装损坏或者即将过期的商品的另类超市。1. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句中的. . . which sells products that are damaged or soon expired以及第二句中的. . . because of d

29、amaged packaging or very short use by date可知, 该超市出售的是包装损坏或即将过期的商品, past-date过期的, 故选C项。2. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的Ever since the grand opening. . . people have been lining up outside. . . 可推知, 这家超市从开业以来就大受人们的欢迎, 故选B项。3. 【解析】选D。写作意图题。本文主要介绍了为解决食物浪费的问题, 哥本哈根开了一家特别的超市, 所以作者的写作目的就是介绍一项反对食物浪费的计划, 故选D项。. 七选

30、五根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。Every minute, every single day, about a truckload of plastic enters our oceans. 1. _ And to date, only 9% of that has been recycled. We buy a bottle of water, drink it for a few minutes, and toss its permanent packaging “away”. We eat potato chips, finish

31、them, then throw their permanent packaging “away”. We buy produce, take it out of the unnecessary plastic wrap, then throw its permanent packaging “away”. The cycle is endless, and it happens countless times every single day. 2. _ As far as we try to toss a piece of plasticwhether its into a recycli

32、ng bin or notit does not disappear. Chances are, it ends up polluting our communities, oceans or waterways in some form. For years, weve been told the problem of plastic packaging can be solved through individual action. 3. _ But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess. Recyclin

33、g alone will never stop the flow of plastics into our oceans; we have to get to the source of the problem and slow down the production of all this plastic waste. Think about it: if your home was flooding because you had left the tap on, your first step wouldnt be to start mopping. Youd first cut the

34、 flooding off at its sourcethe tap. 4. _We need corporationsthose like Coca-Cola, Unilever, Starbucks and Nestl that continue to produce throwaway plastic bottlesto step up and take their responsibility for the mess theyve created. 5. _. We will continue to do our part, but its time for the worlds l

35、argest corporations to do theirs. A. This is their problem to deal with. B. Plastic pollution is becoming very serious. C. But here is the problemthere is no “away”. D. In many ways, our plastic problem is no difference. E. We think that if we simply recycle were doing our part. F. Its impossible fo

36、r us to get rid of plastic pollution completely. G. Since the 1950s, some 8. 3 billion tons of plastic have been produced worldwide. 答案与解析：【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。塑料污染正严重破坏着我们的环境。作者认为, 除了我们个人要养成环保习惯外, 那些制造塑料垃圾的大公司应该负起主要责任。 1. 【解析】选G。下句And to date, only 9%of that has been recycled. 中的only 9% of that暗示上文提到了塑料的

37、数量, 因此G项正确。 2. 【解析】选C。上段出现了三次“away”, 与C项中的there is no “away”相呼应。3. 【解析】选E。下句But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess. 指出仅仅靠个人循环利用塑料制品是不够的, 与E项中的“if we simply recycle were doing our part”相呼应。 4. 【解析】选D。上文Youd first cut the flooding off at its sourcethe tap. 作者通过房子水龙头漏水一例, 来说明解

38、决问题应该抓住源头。当然, 解决塑料污染也是一样的道理, 故D项正确。 5. 【解析】选A。上下文作者都在呼吁企业承担自己应有的责任来解决塑料污染问题, 因此A项符合语境。 . 完形填空One evening, Catherine was at home as usual. As her 1swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening, she was unexpectedly2by an urgent call from her sister. “Get

39、over here! Turn on NBC and check these guys out. They are just like you. . . ” One Facebook message and a phone interview later, Catherine3herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering desert heat of Utah, picking up trash and4awareness about zero-waste and climate change. With a

40、 deep love of the environment and a desire to make a5, Catherine, Davey, and a group of self 6“environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast-to-coast road side trash pick-up. As they walked, sometimes only covering 0. 9 miles in an entire day, they7and steadily made their way across the United Stat

41、es for three years, picking up a total of 201, 678 pounds of trash. Catherine and Davey shared with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that 8 their efforts to continue their journey. After spending weeks silently 9how she would have enough money to fly home for their two-week spring break,

42、 Catherine found a blank, unidentified envelope10with $850 cash in the desert. Just enough to get her home and back. After their bus11outside of Denver, they unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later, just in time for the “Yosemite Facelift” where12 from all over

43、the state came together with a13of cleaning up trash all over the park. Being at the right place at the right time became almost normal, and they realized that much of what they14was more than just a coincidence. Together, their team learned to simply15themselves to their task, and surrender to the

44、journey. 1. A. handsB. balanceC. thoughts D. position2. A. disturbedB. interruptedC. movedD. frightened3. A. droppedB. cheeredC. foundD. taught4. A. abandoningB. shakingC. raising D. hiding5. A. differenceB. promiseC. mistakeD. plan6. A. correctedB. describedC. repeatedD. discovered7. A. slowlyB. se

45、cretlyC. helplesslyD. frequently8. A. madeB. fueledC. combinedD. sought9. A. worrying aboutB. replying toC. depending onD. meeting with10. A. equippedB. suppliedC. decoratedD. filled11. A. set offB. broke down C. headed forD. held on12. A. membersB. volunteersC. touristsD. reporters13. A. purposeB.

46、questionC. decisionD. lesson14. A. introducedB. expectedC. experiencedD. reformed15. A. turnB. limitC. compareD. devote答案与解析：【语篇概述】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了凯瑟琳、戴维和一群自命为“环保拾荒艺术家”的人带着对环境的热爱和想要有所作为的愿望, 沿着海岸公路边进行垃圾拾荒的故事。他们的故事也激励了更多的志愿者加入了这样的行动中来。1. 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。 根据between what she was going to do with her life and t

47、heir dinner plans for the evening可知此处指她的想法。故C项正确。2. 【解析】选B。上下文语境题。她正在想事情, 这时来了电话, 当然是“打断”了她的思考。故B项正确。3. 【解析】选C。上下文语境题。一条Facebook信息和一个电话采访之后, 凯瑟琳发现自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公交车上。故C项正确。4. 【解析】选C。词义辨析题。abandon“抛弃; 遗弃”; shake“摇动”; raise“提高”; hide“藏”。根据下文的awareness可知此处表示: 通过捡垃圾来提高环保意识。故C项正确。5. 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。此处表示他们希望他们对

48、环境的热爱能够对环境产生影响。make a difference“有影响, 起作用”。故A项正确。6. 【解析】选B。上下文语境题。根据他们所做的事情, 他们把自己描述为“环保拾荒艺术家”。故B项正确。7. 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。有时他们一整天才走了0. 9英里路, 所以是缓慢而稳定地穿越美国。故A选项正确。8. 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。凯瑟琳和戴维与我们分享了关于希望和灵感的精彩故事, 此处缺少定语从句的谓语动词, 表示增加力气继续他们的旅行。故B项正确。9.【解析】选A。上下文语境题。根据how she would have enough money to fly home for

49、their two-week spring break可知凯瑟琳一直在默默地担心。故A项正确。10. 【解析】选D。词义辨析题。equipped“装备”; supplied“提供”; decorated“装饰”; filled“装”。她在沙漠里发现了一个空白的、身份不明的信封, 里面装着850美元现金。故D项正确。11. 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据下文they unexpectedly got help“没想到有人帮助了他们”可知“他们的车坏了。”故B项正确。12. 【解析】选B。上下文语境题。根据语境可知此处指“来自全国各地的志愿者们聚集到一起参加活动”。故B项正确。13. 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文的cleaning up trash all over the park可知此处表示“带着目的”。故A项正确。14.【解析】选C。词义辨析题。introduced“介绍”; expected“期望, 预料”; experienced“经历”; reformed“改革, 改造”。他们所经历的很多事情都不仅仅是个巧合。故C项正确。15.【解析】选D。词义辨析题。turn“转向”; limit“限制”; compare“相比”; devote“奉献”。devote. . . to. . . “把奉献给; 投身于”。他们的团队在一起学会了投身于任务中。故D项正确。