专题10 主旨大意题 （分层练）(原卷版)-【高频考点解密】2024年高考英语二轮复习高频考点追踪与预测（新高考专用）.docx

1、专题验收评价专题10 主旨大意题内容概览A常考题不丢分【命题点01 标题归纳题 】【命题点02 文章大意题】【命题点03 段落大意题】【微专题 主旨大意题易错陷阱】B拓展培优拿高分C挑战真题争满分【命题点01 标题归纳题 】1.【2023届浙江省四校（杭州二中、温州中学、绍兴一中、金华一中）高三5月联考】In the animal kingdom, mimics (模仿) are not rare. Stick insects pretend to be twigs. Hawk moth caterpillars resemble poisonous snakes. The examples,

2、 though, are visual. Auditory mimicry is rarer. Danilo Russo of the University of Naples Federico II thinks he has found a novel case of it, as he describes in Current Biology. Some bats, he believes, mimic angry bees in order to scare away owls that might otherwise eat them.Dr. Russo first noticed

3、bat buzzing a few years ago. The noise struck him as similar to the sound of some bees. He wondered whether bat buzzing was a form of mimicry which helped to scare off would-be predators.To test this idea, he and his colleagues first recorded the buzzing that captured bats made. Then, with protectiv

4、e clothing, they began the more dangerous task of recording the buzzing made by different bees. Computer analysis revealed that bees and bats buzzing were, indeed, similar.Then the researchers recruited several owls. They put the owls, one at a time, in an enclosure with branches for them to stay on

5、, and two boxes with holes in them. They placed a loudspeaker alongside one of the boxes and, after the birds had settled in, broadcast through it five seconds of uninterrupted bat buzzing and a similar amount of insect buzzing three times in a row for each noise. As a control, they broadcast in lik

6、e manner several non-buzzing sounds made by bats.During the broadcasts and for five minutes thereafter, they videoed the owls. After analysis, the results were unequivocal. When they heard both the bat buzzing and the bee buzzing, the owls moved as far from the speakers as they could. In contrast, w

7、hen the non-buzzing bat sounds were played, they crept closer.Dr. Russo believes this is the first reported case of a mammal using auditory mimicry to scare away a predator. They strongly suspect, however, that it is not unique. Anecdotes suggest several birds also make buzzing noises when their nes

8、ts are disturbed. And with the result of the experiment, he therefore predicts that auditory mimicry is far more widespread than currently realized.35What is a suitable title for the text?AA New Trick to Scare Away OwlsBAnimal Mimicry: Buzz offCA Self-protection Behavior among AnimalsDBats: No More

9、Victim to Owls2.【山东省曲阜师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年质量检测】Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money. Strange as it may seem, if youre unsatisfied, the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desires not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you dont

10、have enough tastes.Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities (能力) to enjoy life. Most people are already swamped (淹没) with things. They eat, wear, go and talk too much. They live in too big a house with too many rooms, yet their house of life is a hut.Your house of life ought to be

11、 a mansion (豪宅) , a royal palace. Every new taste, every additional interest, every fresh enthusiasm adds a room. Here are several rooms your house of life should have.Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things. If you only understood how to enjoy

12、them and feed your spirit on them, they would make you as happy as to find plenty of hamburgers and eggs when youre hungry.Literature, classic literature, is a beautiful, richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment. To gain that love would go toward making you a r

13、ich person, for a rich person is not someone who has a library but who likes a library.Music like Mozarts and Bachs shouldnt be absent. Real riches are of the spirit. And when youve brought that spirit up to where classical music feeds it and makes you a little drunk, you have increased your thrills

14、 and bettered them. And life is a matter of thrills.Sports, without which you remain poor, mean a lot in life. No matter who you are, you would be more human, and your house of life would be better supported against the bad days, if you could, and did, played a bit.Whatever rooms you might add to yo

15、ur house of life, the secret of enjoying life is to keep adding.What would be the best title for the passage?AHouse of LifeBSecret of WealthCRest and RefreshmentDInterest and Enthusiasm3.【安徽省皖江名校联盟2023年高三联考】Well, to pick up where we left off last time. Im certain that you know all too well the dange

16、rs hiding on the World Wide Web. And whether its for schoolwork, entertainment, or just socializing with friends, the Internet will surely be a major part of your childs life. So, its important to secure their online stays.Its not the easiest thing, but keeping open lines of communication is primary

17、. Let them know they can share their online activities with you. Talk to them about their online presence as early as possible, ideally before they begin to use email, social media, or a smartphone. Discuss what they find interesting online and learning from them about popular websites and apps; thi

18、s will create understanding and allow you to identify potential risks.Next, monitor without spying. Most kids learn to understand boundaries, like respecting others personal space, or not opening the cookie jar without asking. Internet use is no different. Its helpful for kids to have ground rules a

19、s to which websites they can visit,which apps they can use, and what they can share online. Remind them that if they feel uneasy with anything that occurs online, they need to alert an adult immediately.What is the best title for the text?AWhat Is Hidden on the Net?BHow to Make Online Stays?CBe a Sm

20、arter Internet UserDKeep Your Kids Safe Online4.【福建省泉州科技中学2023年高三试题】Stuck inside his room at an assisted living center, Bob Coleman knew he could not go out in public with the epidemic (疫). But he was not cut off from outside: he shared his love for country music over the Internet. “Hello, everybody

21、. Its a bright day in Tennessee,” he said into his microphone. “This is Bob Coleman, coming to you from Room3325”.Then Coleman began to play the music he loves-hits from country music stars. The 88-year-old carefully chooses each song.Coleman and several other retirees have turned into DJs (流行音乐播音员)

22、, for a new online radio hour known as “Radio Recliner.” A marketing company called Luckie came up with the idea of Radio Recliner. Listeners can send song requests in honor of family or friends. For example, listeners might hear a message like this: “Hey, Granny. This is your favorite granddaughter

23、 Amy. We just wanted to call in and say we love you.” The 60-minute show started with retirees in middle Tennessee. It has since expanded, with residents of assisted-living centers in other states taking part in the project. Many jumped at the chance to work as a DJ to ease the loneliness of social

24、distancing rules.Mitch Bennett serves as Luckies chief creative officer. He says the idea was to provide a sense of community to older people. “For this generation, radio was the original social media,” Bennett said, “Dedicating a song to someone you love and having them hear it along with everyone

25、else is a special way of connecting.”In Georgia, 80-year-old Ed Rosenblatt, who had made full preparations for his show, said an hour he spent playing songs on Radio Recliner resulted in a flood of text messages, emails and calls from family and friends, and many of the messages were from people he

26、had not heard from for years.Whats the best title for the text?AOlder Adults Need More Care During the EpidemicBOlder Adults, Stuck by the Epidemic, Turn Into DJsCOlder Adults Were Busy With Music During the EpidemicDOlder Adults, Stuck by the Epidemic, Show Music Talents【命题点02 文章大意题】1.【陕西省渭南市高三教学质量

27、检测一模】The earliest tomatoes were little sour berries. They grew among low bushes in dry, sunny places in the Andes Mountains in South America. It was about 350 million years ago.Tomato plants are relative to nightshade (茄属植物), which has poison. The leaves and stems of tomato plants have poison , but

28、the berries are good to eat. The berries are red so that animals can find them easily and eat them. The animals carry the seeds to other places. That was how earliest tomato plants found new places to grow. Tomatoes are also relative to tobacco, chili peppers and potatoes.When people first came to S

29、outh America about 20,000 years ago, they ate these tiny wild tomatoes. Travelers brought a few kinds of wild tomato plants from the Andes to Central America, there the ancestors of the Maya began to farm them. Nobody knows exactly when people began farming tomatoes, but it probably was much later t

30、han corn and beans, and it was surely before 500 BCThese Central American fanners bred tomatoes to be bigger and sweeter than the wild ones.By the time Spanish explorers got to Tenochtitlan in Mexico in 1521 AD, the Aztec people ere eating a lot of tomatoes, made a sauce of chopped (剁碎的)tomatoes, on

31、ions, salt and chili peppers that was a lot like our salsa. The word “tomato” comes from their Nahuatl word “tomato”.Because tomatoes werent farmed until pretty late, farmers further north had not yet been able to adapt heir growing season to working in North America. Even today, its pretty hard to

32、get your tomatoes ripe in the northern parts of North America before the growing season ends.15What is the text mainly about?AHow to grow tomatoes.BThe history of tomatoes.CWhen to grow tomatoes.DThe places where tomatoes grow.2.【吉林省长春市重点高中高三下学期第三次模拟】One of the greatest challenges in caring for such

33、 intelligent animals as chimpanzees (猩猩) is providing them with enriching experiences. Every day, the chimpanzees at Project Chimps receive morning and evening food-based enrichment devices, but caregivers are always looking for more ways to keep the chimps mentally engaged. With 79 chimpanzees, eac

34、h with their distinctive personality, care staff often find that different chimps react differently to new enrichment.Last year, we began inviting musicians to perform for chimps to see what they may respond. A violin performance received quite the response. Additional musicians were lined up to vis

35、it but the coronavirus has stopped the activities, which we hope to resume in the near future.This past week, we brought an electric piano for the chimps to investigate. Some chimps, like twins Buttercup and Clarisse, were immediately interested and could not wait to tap out a few notes. Others, lik

36、e Emma, were more interested in trying to take it apart. 29-year-old Precious has very little tolerance for the piano. She sat off to the side for a few minutes, but eventually she decided that was enough. She called an end to the enrichment session by throwing a handful of waste at the piano. Recei

37、ving her message loud and clear, we removed the piano.We could never have guessed how 33-year-old Luke would react to it. As with many retired lab chimpanzees, Luke has some anxiety issues. He seems particularly distrustful of anything new, including people, food, and enrichment. But when we present

38、ed the chimps with the piano, Luke was the first to investigate. We could not believe our eyesthis usually anxious chimpanzee bravely chose to explore something new!To us at Project Chimps, this is what it is all about: giving chimpanzees the freedom to choose. We are honored to be part of their jou

39、rney.11What is the text mainly about?AHow caregivers care for the retired chimpanzees.BWhat care staff do to enrich chimpanzees daily life.CHow chimpanzees are trained through various enrichment.DWhat Project Chimps does to observe and study wild chimps.3.【福建省福州高级中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题】A trial project

40、 by the Montreal Childrens Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis (催眠) can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.“During the examination children dont move. It wor

41、ks perfectly. Its amazing,” said Johanne LEcuyer, a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia (麻醉).A French medical-imaging technologist-also a

42、hypnotist-was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the childrens hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.What is the passage mainly about?AAn easy

43、way to communicate with patients.BThe standard method of conducting hypnosis.CAn introduction of medical-imaging technology.DThe use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.4.【2023年全国高三专练】In previous recessions (经济衰退), billionaires were hit along with the rest of us; it took almost three years for

44、 Forbess 400 richest people to recover from losses caused in 2008s Great Recession. But in the coronavirus recession of 2020, most billionaires have gotten richer than ever before.Billionaires increased their new billions just as millions of other Americans ran into terrible financial problems. More

45、 than 20 million people lost their jobs at the start of the pandemic. Food banks across the country are preparing for another great increase in demand. Why are American billionaires doing so well while so many other Americans suffer? People may find part of the reasons from the following fact. Stock

46、s (股票) are overwhelmingly owned by the wealthy, and the stock market has recovered from its early-pandemic depths much more quickly than other parts of the economy.What does the author mainly tell us in the passage?AFood banks are not enough in the United States.BThe richest kept getting richer even

47、 in the pandemic.CThe stock market recovered before the pandemic started.D400 richest people recovered from losses in the pandemic.【命题点03 段落大意题】1.【广东省珠海市第三中学2023年高三试题】.In my twenties, when I was almost constantly in a state of anxiety, I never went on holiday. I was scared of flying, scared of my bo

48、ss noticing how much nicer life was without me in the office. I thought not going on holiday made me a harder worker,when actually it just made me a more tired one. Then, a boss pulled me aside to tell me that he wasnt going to thank me for not taking my holidays. I then booked a cheap beach holiday

49、 with a friend, and was genuinely amazed to find I felt much better for it. .What is paragraph 4 mainly about?AThe benefit the author obtained from travelling.BThe source of the authors stress during office hours.CThe change of the authors attitude to taking holidays.DThe reason why the author tried

50、 to be a harder worker.2.【重庆市第八中学2023-2024学年高考适应性试题】The Yurok people have lived along the Klamath River, which flows from the Cascades in Oregon southwest through Northern California, for thousands of years, protecting the region and river from which they and others draw sustenance (生计).But as devel

51、opment and pollution continue to reduce the number of fish in the river and the quantity and quality of its waters, the Yurok Tribe is legalizing (合法化) the tribes longstanding care by granting the Rights of Personhood to the Klamath, the first river in North America to have such rights declared. .Wh

52、at is paragraph 2 mainly about?AThe process of legalization.BThe tradition of Yurok tribe.CThe reason behind the legalization.DThe importance of the Klamath River.3.【江苏省决胜新高考2023-2024学年高三10月大联考】The term “beer goggles” is said to have been coined by male North American university students in the 1980

53、s. Yet despite unconfirmed evidence for the phenomenon, the link between alcohol intoxication (醉酒) and physical attraction has not been systematically studied.Prof Bowdring of the University of Pittsburgh invited 18 pairs of male friends into the laboratory to rate the attractiveness of men and wome

54、n they viewed in photos and videos. On one occasion, both men were given enough cranberry juice to raise their blood alcohol concentration to about 0.08% - the legal limit for driving in England and on the other occasion, they both received a non-alcoholic drink. After providing attractiveness ratin

55、gs for the photos, they were asked to select which of these individuals they would most like to interact with in a future experiment.What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?AThe comparison of two experiments.BThe process of Bowdrings experiment.CThe underlying logic of beer goggles effect.DThe

56、methods of appreciating attractiveness.【微专题 主旨大意题易错陷阱】1.【2023届浙江省四校（杭州二中、温州中学、绍兴一中、金华一中）高三5月联考】In the animal kingdom, mimics (模仿) are not rare. Stick insects pretend to be twigs. Hawk moth caterpillars resemble poisonous snakes. The examples, though, are visual. Auditory mimicry is rarer. Danilo Rus

57、so of the University of Naples Federico II thinks he has found a novel case of it, as he describes in Current Biology. Some bats, he believes, mimic angry bees in order to scare away owls that might otherwise eat them.Dr. Russo first noticed bat buzzing a few years ago. The noise struck him as simil

58、ar to the sound of some bees. He wondered whether bat buzzing was a form of mimicry which helped to scare off would-be predators.To test this idea, he and his colleagues first recorded the buzzing that captured bats made. Then, with protective clothing, they began the more dangerous task of recordin

59、g the buzzing made by different bees. Computer analysis revealed that bees and bats buzzing were, indeed, similar.Then the researchers recruited several owls. They put the owls, one at a time, in an enclosure with branches for them to stay on, and two boxes with holes in them. They placed a loudspea

60、ker alongside one of the boxes and, after the birds had settled in, broadcast through it five seconds of uninterrupted bat buzzing and a similar amount of insect buzzing three times in a row for each noise. As a control, they broadcast in like manner several non-buzzing sounds made by bats.During th

61、e broadcasts and for five minutes thereafter, they videoed the owls. After analysis, the results were unequivocal. When they heard both the bat buzzing and the bee buzzing, the owls moved as far from the speakers as they could. In contrast, when the non-buzzing bat sounds were played, they crept clo

62、ser.Dr. Russo believes this is the first reported case of a mammal using auditory mimicry to scare away a predator. They strongly suspect, however, that it is not unique. Anecdotes suggest several birds also make buzzing noises when their nests are disturbed. And with the result of the experiment, h

63、e therefore predicts that auditory mimicry is far more widespread than currently realized.35What is a suitable title for the text?AA New Trick to Scare Away OwlsBAnimal Mimicry: Buzz offCA Self-protection Behavior among AnimalsDBats: No More Victim to Owls2.【2023届福建省福州市普通高中毕业班5月质量检测】Feeling a hug fr

64、om each other via the internet may be a possibility in the near future. A research team led by City University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless, soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch, and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction. It offers great

65、potential for improving the distance touch communication.While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate (模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world, they provide only touch sensing or touch response. The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reprod

66、ucing functions on the same interface.The e-skin is a 7cml0cm, 4.2mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators (驱动器), a microcontroller unit, a Bluetooth module, and other electronics on a flexible circuit board. The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin. Once the actuator is pressed an

67、d released by a force, a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter (转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth. When the signals are received, a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receivers e-skin through mecha

68、nical vibration (振动). The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receivers e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the senders.The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the internet with smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch, and to fo

69、rm a touch Internet of Things (IoT) system, where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be realized. Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other. This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human commun

70、ication.Next, the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability, who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages.15What would be the best title of the text?AA signal-sending applicationBAn invention for the disabledCA dev

71、ice for virtual interactionDA long distance communication3.【2023届广东省部分学校高三5月联合考试模拟预测】As the costs of fuel, groceries and housing increase suddenly around the world, scientists are fighting inflation (通货膨胀) at the bench. Almost all items needed to conduct science are more expensive than they were jus

72、t a year ago. And that means that nearly every researcher is feeling the pressure. “Nobody is immune to this economy,” says Tola Olorunnisola, who leads innovation in the lab at Avantor, an international science-management company in Pennsylvania. Olorunnisola visited labs in the Netherlands, Switze

73、rland and Ireland to help researchers find ways to enlarge their budgets. “Scientists are becoming more conscious of costs,” she says. The increase in lab costs has forced scientists to make some difficult choices. Scientific budgets are pretty fixed. If they pay double for something, it means theyr

74、e not buying something else. Scientists can keep their research projects moving forward, but to avoid overspending on their budgets, theyll probably need to adjust their buying habits and take steps to make their labs more efficient. Julien Sage, a cancer researcher and geneticist at Stanford Univer

75、sity in California, estimates that lab supplies historically account for roughly 20%of his overall budget, but he says that the balance is shifting. Without significant boosts in funding to keep pace with inflation, its up to scientists to find creative ways to diminish costs. One option is to rethi

76、nk experimental design. “It will probably take more than discounts from lab-supply companies to truly protect scientists from the impact of rising prices,” Sage says. “Unless something is done on a large scale to either stabilize costs or increase funding, science is likely to suffer. If you have le

77、ss money, youre going to have fewer people or be less productive, which means youre going to have fewer grants (拨款) which means youre going to have fewer people. Thats probably happening to a lot of labs these days, and the question is: When is it going to stop?”13What is paragraph 2 mainly about?AT

78、he cause of increasing lab costs.BThe effects of the rising lab costs.CThe tough choices of researchers.DThe ways of making labs efficient.4.【2023届广东省部分学校高三5月联合考试模拟预测】Born in France, but raised in Spain, linguistics and literature professor Juan Jos Ciruela Alferez from the University of Granada is

79、passionate about Chinese literature and has been doing some research about it. With painstaking effort, his Spanish translation of a Chinese classic was published last year. Ciruela said translating the novel was an interesting challenge. In recent years, many Chinese works have been introduced to S

80、pain. However, as most of them had been translated first into English and then from that language into Spanish, much of the originality was lost. For this reason, when the Spanish publishing house Kailas contacted Ciruela to translate it directly from Chinese, he accepted the mission immediately, ev

81、en if it presented difficulties like a heavy workload within a short time limit. “I encountered various difficulties, especially at the beginning of the task,” said Ciruela in an interview. “This novel, in particular, needs a prior reading process in which the translator gets into the plot and the c

82、haracters, since at first it is difficult to enter the world that the novel constantly raises. So I read the novel first in Chinese, paying attention to all those details and how all of that could be translated in a way that the Spanish readers would understand. For Ciruela, the most important crite

83、rion when translating is fidelity (忠诚) to the original text. While it is true that one cannot always be strictly faithful, he believes translators should not be too far from original texts. For example, the translation of culturemes (expressions of culture in language)is quite complicated due to the

84、 cultural gap between Spanish and Chinese. Ciruela believes that these must always be appropriate to the specific function they perform within the text, in each specific case and moment.6What aspect of the translation task does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?AIts barrier.BIts principle.CIts style.DIt

85、s meaning.（2023上湖北高三湖北省天门中学校联考期中）With new advances in AI and autonomous driverless cars and trains, it makes sense that this mode of transportation could be expanded to buses too. Now a full-sized autonomous bus service is up and running in Scotland. The buses began running in May, 2023 and are carr

86、ying passengers between Ferrytoll Park and the Edinburgh Park train and tram exchange. This 14-mile route is the first of its kind in the UK.The autonomous buses are being operated by Stagecoach, the largest coach operator in the UK. While the buses are autonomous, fully self-driving vehicles are no

87、t currently permitted in the UK, so they are required to have a safety driver to monitor the technology, and a bus captain that will help passengers board and purchase tickets. The driver can take control in case of an emergency situation. The vehicles use sensors to travel on specific routes and ca

88、n reach the top speed of 50 mph. These autonomous buses are being trialed through 2025.It took almost 10 years of research and development and 1.8 million kilometers of practice runs to reach this milestone, which is considered the first full-size use of autonomous buses in Europe. “There have alrea

89、dy been short trials in several cities in Italy, Finland, and France and there are plans for driverless buses to be introduced in Switzerland, Germany, and Norway. We want Scotland to continue to be a leading figure in the development of autonomous vehicles and the start of this live trial will real

90、ly help the country create its credit on the world stage,” said Kevin Stewart, Scottish transport minister.This project was one of six to receive funding from a joint UK government and Industry undertaking to speed up the commercialization of self-driving technology. The government hopes that the au

91、tonomous buses will be faster, more reliable, and safer to use than traditional buses since 88 percent of road accidents are caused by drivers errors.61Why is a driver needed on an autonomous driverless bus?ATo help passengers board.BTo sell tickets to passengers.CTo check the fuel of the bus.DTo tr

92、ack the movement of the bus.62Which of the following is the effect of the autonomous buses on the UK?AIncreasing the income for the country.BBuilding up its new position to the world.CCausing drivers unemployment.DImproving its bad transportation system.63What can we infer about the autonomous buses

93、 in the UK from the text?AThey are the first vehicles to use AI technology.BThey have been well received by the passengers.CThey are expected to cause fewer road accidents.DThey prove how important technology is to a country.64What is the best title for the text?AAutonomous Buses Hit the Road in the

94、 UKBAutonomous Buses Are Welcome WorldwideCAutonomous Buses Have Come to Our LifeDDrivers Will Withdraw from the Historical Stage（2023上四川高三校联考阶段练习）China has built in Kunming City, Yunnan Province, the Germplasm (种质) Bank of Wild Species, a comprehensive national database for the collection and prese

95、rvation of wildlife germplasm resources. As of the end of 2020, the bank preserved 85,046 copies of 10,601 wild plant seeds for protecting wildlife germplasm resources. Preserving dried and frozen seeds, the bank provides technological support for the protection and research, makes use of Chinas wil

96、dlife germplasm resources, and plays a major part in international biodiversity conservation.The importance of science and technology for biodiversity conservation is increasingly obvious. When remote sensor monitoring was not available, agricultural technicians had no choice but to go for field stu

97、dies, which could barely meet the need for large-scale, fast and nondestructive (非破坏性的) monitoring of crop conditions and timely prevention and control of diseases and pests. Nowadays, remote sensor monitoring has been applied in agricultural production in China, allowing agricultural technicians to

98、 analyze the movements of insect pests and evaluate plant diseases and insect pests by monitoring remotely the vegetation growth, coverage, surface temperature, humidity and other indicators.In the Internet era, information technology has made the processing of massive data possible and created wide

99、r and more convenient platforms for biodiversity conservation in China, including Chinese Virtual Herbarium, Plant Photo Bank of China, and National Animal Collection Resource Center. The emergence of databases and digital programs in recent years is driving China to turn around its seriously threat

100、ened biodiversity.From the collection and storage of information to the management and analysis of resources, the constantly improving biodiversity information network has realized the exploration and use of massive biodiversity data, providing a solid foundation for Chinas biodiversity conservation

101、 and research. Biodiversity conservation and science and technology are inextricable. Only by making science and technology a strong support for biodiversity conservation can humankind guard the Earth and build a beautiful world of harmony among all beings on the planet.65What can we learn about the

102、 bank from paragraph 1?AIts crisis.BIts administration.CIts role.DIts staff.66What do researchers hardly need to do with the help of remote sensor monitoring?AEvaluate plant diseases and insect pests.BGo to fields to control the plant diseases.CAnalyze the tracks of the pests of plants.DSatisfy the

103、need to monitor crop conditions.67What does the underlined word “inextricable” in the last paragraph probably mean?ALinked.BCompetitive.CInadequate.DInessential.68Which can be a suitable title for the text?AThe Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Develops FastBTechnologies Promote Chinese Biodiversity Pr

104、otectionCChina Has Made Great Efforts to Process Massive DataDInformation Technology Contributes Much to Many Fields（2023上山西朔州高三怀仁市第一中学校校联考阶段练习）Languages like Italian or Finnish can be spelled more easily because each letter of the alphabet matches to one sound. Students studying these languages can

105、 have 90 percent reading accuracy after the first year. However, students even after years of learning English are still far below Italian or Finnish students in reading accuracy.English started as a Germanic language. It is most closely connected to German and Dutch, especially in grammar and basic

106、 vocabulary. During the Norman invasion (侵略) in the 12th century, Old English was spoken but French was used in government and legal documents. And Latin was used in religious and educational activities. As a result, more French and Latin words entered the English language. The printing press invent

107、ed in the late 1400s helped to establish English spelling. The English of today is how the language was written at the time. However, the spoken language started to change in the 1500s with the pronunciation of all long vowels. For example, “bite” was pronounced closer to “beet” in 1400, before chan

108、ging through the years to its current sound. The effect was that the English language had old spellings, but new sounds.English has 26 letters in the alphabet, but over 44 individual sounds depending on the variation of spoken English. There are several sounds represented by only one letter. For exa

109、mple, the letter “C” can sound like an “S” as in “city”. And it also sounds like a “K” as in “cat”.There are only 5 or 6 vowel (元音) letters in the English alphabet. They include A, E, I, O, U, and sometimes Y. But there are 20 different ways to sound them. At the centre is the most common vowel soun

110、d of “uhhh”. It is the most relaxed and natural sound. It takes almost no effort of the tongue or throat to create the sound. Since it takes little effort, the sound “uhhh” often makes its way into pronunciations. For example, the word “please” often turns into “PUH-lease” when someone is trying to

111、call attention. This is another reason why spelling in English is so difficult!69How does the author lead to the topic of this text?ABy comparison.BBy making a classification.CBy the calculation of an example.DBy describing a process.70What is paragraph 2 mainly about?AThe complex history of English

112、.BThe formation of modern English.CThe influence of English on other languages.DFactors promoting the development of English.71When did the current spelling of English come into being?AIn the 12th century.BBefore the Norman invasion.CIn the late 1400s.DIn the 1500s.72Which can be a suitable title fo

113、r the text?AOne Letter, Many SoundsBSo Many Ways to Sound a VowelCWhy Spelling in English Is So DifficultDHow to Improve the Accuracy of English Spelling（2023上重庆高三重庆市育才中学校联考阶段练习）From rolling hills to mountain ranges, views make any road trip memorable, but for blin d passengers this is part of the e

114、xperience they miss. Motor company Ford tries to change that. It teamed up with GTB Rom a and AedoProjectto develop a technology that will give those unfortunate passengers a way to feel natures beauty through their car windows.The prototype (原型) of the smart car window has a device with an outside-

115、facing camera. With just a press of a button, the system takes a picture of the current view. The colorful picture is then turned into an image with different shades of grey through, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes over different regions of the image, its shaking mo

116、vements provide feedback through the sense of touch to the person using it. The smart window also comes with a voice assistant that uses AI to identify the scene and help the passengers get information on what theyre seeing.“As the prototype started taking shape, we realized we were giving birth to

117、a completely new language that would give blind people a new chance to visualize and experience traveling,”Federico Russo.-one director of GTBRoma, said. “When the idea was at its first stage, we looked for suppliers all around the world to make it come to life.” He believes the technology can be em

118、ployed not just in cars. “It could be introduced into schools and in stitutions for blind people as a tool that could be used in multiple ways.”The technology may show up in a Ford autonomous vehicle. Its known that the company is testing their technology and future business model and struggling to

119、figure out how an autonomous vehicle gives different passengers the details needed to get from one destination to another. Its unclear when this technology will be made available. However, the idea of building something for the less advanced is indeed a kind and influential action.73How does the sma

120、rt car window work?ABy sorting shaking movements.BBy recording the view with a camera.CBy translating scenery into vibrations.DBy presenting different shades of colors.74What can we know about the technology according to Federico Russ?AIt will have wide application.BIt will be used in schools first.

121、CIt will be tested around the world.DIt will understand different languages.75What difficulty is Ford facing currently?AHow to explore their future business model.BHow the technology is applied to everyday life.CHow to produce autonomous cars in large numbers.DHow an autonomous vehicle provides rout

122、e information.76Which can be the best title for the text?AAI-based Window Adds Fun to Road TripsBFord Develops a System for the Blind to DriveCSmart Window Lets Blin d Passengers Feel ViewsDTechnology Makes Blind Peoples Trip Enjoyable（2023上湖北高三湖北省天门中学校联考期中）Ernest Hemingway, the Nobel Prize-winning

123、American writer, first visited Pamplona during the traditional festival 100 years ago. The festival started more than seven hundred years ago. For nine days, people come to the northern Spanish city for bull running, bullfighting and partying.The festival affected Hemingway so deeply that he returne

124、d eight times. Here is a description of what happens at the start of the bull running: A rocket would be lit. And the bulls would charge out of the gate. At that moment, a crowd of runners wearing white clothes and red scarves would start to run. They would look back, move and dance to avoid being i

125、njured by the charging bulls horns. Onlookers would cheer them on from balconies above.In 1926, Hemingway wrote his first book, The Sun Also Rises. He wrote about his experiences in Pamplona and established himself as the voice of what became known as the Lost Generation. “I cant stand it to think m

126、y life is going so fast and Im not really living it,” says one character in the book. “Nobody ever lives their life all the way up except bull-fighters,” is the answer.Bill Hillman is a 41-year-old professor from Chicago. He first read the book at college. When he turned to the last page, he learnt

127、two things: He wanted to become a writer, and he would run in front of Pamplonas bulls someday. His first running of the bulls was in 2005 and he has been running ever since. He has been wounded twice, but that has not lessened his interest.Last year, 1.7 million people came to the festival. Pamplon

128、a native Miguel has written about the festivals links to Hemingway. He believes the writers influence on its popularity has been as large as people say. Besides, he thinks that Pamplona is still using Hemingway to gain attention. “We made him into an icon,” he said.77What is the main attraction of t

129、he festival in Pamplona?AHemingways influence.BRunning bulls.CThe long history of the town.DThe beautiful scenery there.78Why does the author quote Hemingways words in paragraph 2?ATo show the writers talent for language.BTo show the popularity of the festival.CTo show the details of the festival.DT

130、o show the writers personal experience.79Which word can best describe Bill Hillman ?AStrong-willed.BStubborn.CAdventurous.DDesperate.80What is the main idea of the text?APeople take an active part in bull fighting.BErnest Hemingway is an icon in a famous city.CThe festival in Pamplona is still as po

131、pular as before.DErnest Hemingway has an influence on Pamplonas festival.（2023四川成都校联考二模）Billy Ragsdale was 23 years old when they invaded the island of Saipan in June 1944 during the Pacific Theater of World War II. Almost a year later, his wife, Eloise, was informed that her husband lost his life.

132、Billy had no children, and left behind his wife of three years, mother, brother and two sisters. Now, 78 years later, and thanks to DNA testing, Billy is home.Billy was one of about a hundred unidentified soldiers buried in a military cemetery in the Philippines after the battle. Five years after th

133、e invasion, the American Graves Registration Service (AGRS) disinterred (掘出) the remains on Saipan in an effort to recover missing American marines (海军陆战队员). But Billy was not identified and he was considered as non-recoverable.In January 2020, remains marked as “Unknown X-6” were disinterred from t

134、he cemetery and taken to a lab in Hawaii. The remains, they thought, had a good chance of being identified now with advances in technology. Thats when Waggener got a call from the Marines.“They got my name and asked if Id be willing to do a DNA test,” Waggener said. With his DNA, and that of a cousi

135、n, the lab positively identified the unknown remains as belonging to Billy. “They asked if wed accept the remains and of course we said yes,” Waggener said. “It means the world to bring him home and bury him next to his family.”Bringing Billy home was the first goal. The second was burying him close

136、 to family in a plot of land, almost all of which has been sold out for decades. The second goal might be out of reach.And yet, its as if one of those unsold plots has been waiting for Billy for 78 years. Next to a large shade tree in the cemetery, Billys mother, Harriett, and father, William, rest.

137、 In front of them are Charlotte, their eldest daughter, and Mary Jane, their youngest. To Charlottes right will be Billy, reunited with his family once again.81Why did AGRS dig the remains out of the military cemetery in the Philippines?ATo identify the soldiers buried there.BTo bring the remains ba

138、ck to America.CTo find the remains marked as “UnknownX-6”.DTo count the number of marines killed in the battle.82The Marines called Waggener in 2020 _.Ato invite him to HawaiiBto ask him to do a DNA testCto purchase a plot of land for BillyDto bring back Billys remains back home83What can we learn a

139、bout Billy Ragsdale?AHe died at the age of 23 years old.BHis remains returned to America in 2022.CHe lost his life in the invasion of the island of Saipan.DHe was the only unidentified marine at the beginning.84What is the main idea of the passage?AThe remains of an American marine returned home.BDN

140、A technology found its use in identifying remains.CHow AGRS recovered soldiers remains in World War II.DBillys dream of being reunited with his family came true.（2023上四川遂宁高三统考期中）Research has linked urban environments with the increased risk for anxiety, depression, and other mental health problems.

141、Fortunately, research also finds a solution: Visiting wilderness, even briefly, is associated with a variety of mental and physical benefits, including lower blood pressure, reduced anxiety and depression, improved mood, better focus, better sleep, better memory and faster healing.Numerous studies h

142、ave supported this association, but we still have a lot to learn. Can just walking in a forest really cause all these beneficial changes in the brain? And if so, how? One good place to look for clues is the amygdala (杏仁核), a small structure in the center of the brain involved in stress processing, e

143、motional learning, and the fight-or-flight response. Research indicates the amygdala is less active during stress in rural residents compared with city dwellers.To address that question, researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Human Development designed a new study, this time with help from fu

144、nctional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI). The subjects were randomly assigned to take a one-hour walk in either an urban setting (a busy shopping district in Berlin) or a natural one (Berlins 3,000-hectare Grunewald forest). Researchers asked them to walk a specific route in either location, witho

145、ut going off-course or using their mobile phones along the way. The FMRI scans showed reduced activity in the amygdala after a walk in the woods, the researchers report, which supports the idea that nature can cause beneficial effects in brain regions involved with stress.The researchers also learne

146、d something interesting about subjects who took urban walks. While their amygdala activity didnt decrease like those who took nature walks, it also didnt increase, despite having spent an hour in a busy urban setting. “ This strongly argues in favor of the positive effects of nature as opposed to ur

147、ban exposure causing additional stress,” the researchers write.In any case, the new study offers some of the clearest evidence yet that stress-related brain activity can be reduced by taking a walk through a nearby forest, just like our ancestors might have done.85Of the following situations, which

148、is good to humans health?AGoing to the city.BGetting out of wilderness.CHaving a love for nature.DBeing close to nature.86Whats Paragraph 2 mainly about?AChanges in the human brain.BClues supporting the amygdala.CStructure in the middle of the brain.DResearch evidence for this association.87Whats th

149、e result of the new study according to the subjects?AWalking in the woods is helpful to human brain.BGoing to the urban areas is good for human brain.CUsing scans is thought highly of by the researchers.DTaking a one-hour walk is essential to reduce stress.88Whats the authors attitude towards our an

150、cestors deed?ADoubtful.BFavorable.CUnclear.DIntolerant.（2023上江苏南通高三统考阶段练习）Portia Kapraun has always seen unwelcome ads on Twitter, usually from major brands pitching (竭力推销) her expensive jewelry or vehicles that she, as a librarian in Indiana, could not afford. Ms. Kapraun was not interested. But sh

151、e soon saw the ads again. And again. And again. “These feel like low-end ads,” she said. In a shaky advertising market in an uncertain economy, ads that few people want to see suddenly seem to be everywhere.Advancements in digital advertising technology were meant to improve users experience. People

152、 interested in shoes are intended to get ads for sneakers and boots, not repeated pitches promoting gold investments. And the technology is supposed to remove misleading or dangerous pitches. But lately, on several platforms, the opposite seems to be happening for a variety of reasons, including a s

153、lowdown in the overall digital ad market. As numerous deep-pocketed markets have pulled back, and the softer market has led several digital platforms to lower their ad pricing, opportunities have opened up for less demanding advertisers.Advertising experts agree that poor-quality ads appear to be in

154、creasing greatly. They point to a variety of potential causes: internal troubles at technology companies, weak content moderation (审核), and high-level advertisers seeking other choices. Then, theres the economy: A recent survey of 43 multinational companies representing more than $44 billion in adve

155、rtising spending found that nearly 30 percent planned to cut back on their marketing spending last year.Other factors are also contributing to lower advertising quality. Social media advertising, once only practiced by specialists, is now easily available to anyone. Many of them are avoiding targete

156、d adsplacements intended to reach specific audiences, usually at a higher cost - in favor of a cheaper spray-and-pray (广撒网式的) approach online, hoping to catch the attention of gullible (容易受骗的) or bored shoppers. Major social media platforms are now like “a mall that used to be good”, Corey Richardso

157、n, vice president at a multicultural ad company, says. “But now theres no longer a mall there its just a place selling anything.”89What message does the author want to deliver in Portia Kaprauns story?ARepeated ads have a strong power of persuasion.BSocial media users often encounter unwanted ads.CM

158、ajor brands usually prefer social media advertising.DAn uncertain economy leads to lower levels of consumption.90What can be inferred about the “less demanding advertisers” mentioned in Paragraph 2?AThey are forced to exit the digital ad market.BThey have benefited from advertising experts.CThey wor

159、k hard to improve their users experience.DThey can now advertise at a more affordable price.91What is Corey Richardsons attitude to major social media platforms?ANegative.BUnclear.CFavorable.DHopeful92Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?AWhere is social media advertising heading?

160、BWhat is shaking up the online advertising market?CWhy are you seeing so many bad digital ads now?DHow are targeted ads impacting your-purchase decisions?（2022重庆统考二模）Growing up in the South Central neighborhood of Los Angeles in the 1970s, Ghuan Featherstone only remembers riding a horse with his pa

161、rents at a nearby park when he was eight years old. But ever since, hes been chasing that sense of freedom and power he felt on the horse that day. “I felt like I could conquer anything,” Featherstone, now 51, said in a Story Corps interview last month with Jordan Humphreys, a 13-year-old horseback

162、rider. After serving in the Army for eight years, Featherstone remained determined to realize his childhood dream of becoming a cowboy. When he returned to Los Angeles, he learned to ride at stables known as “The Hill” in Compton. Riders there would jump on their horse backs and take their horses in

163、to the city streets. In 2012, a fire burned down The Hill. What had become a shelter for the youth was suddenly gone. Sensing the void (空缺) after the fire, Featherstone opened his own stables, Urban Saddles, in 2019 to create a space where he could teach kids like Humphreys to care for and ride hors

164、es. As a black man, Featherstone is against prejudice. People of color are often prevented from pop culture and historical representations of the cowboy. His stable has helped keep the cowboy lifestyle alive in the streets. “Riding through the streets on horseback has given me a way to connect with

165、others in the community,” said Humphreys. “It makes them happy seeing us on a horse and then they may be smiling, and I believe that when we come through, we give them a sense of hope,” he added. If theres one lesson Featherstone hopes to convey to kids, its a respect for all life. “Were respecting

166、the animals and were respecting each other,” he said.93What made Featherstone want to become a cowboy?AHis love to his parents.BThe duty of saving the world.CThe serving years in the army.DHis childhood riding experience.94What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3?AThe life of being a cowboy.BThe d

167、ream of being a cowboy.CThe course of opening Urban Saddles.DThe place of teaching kids like Humphreys.95Which can be one of the purposes of Fetherstones opening his own stables?ATo teach the black kids to ride horses.BTo help the kids to learn to respect all life.CTo make money by teaching the kids

168、 to ride.DTo train the cowboys to become more hopeful.96Which of the following words may best describe Fetherstone?ASmart but careless.BSlow but productive.CDiligent and broad-minded.DDetermined and kind-hearted.（2023上陕西汉中高三统考阶段练习）When you walk with a backpack, do you know how the things inside move

169、 from side to side? Now scientists have figured out how to tap into that movement to produce electricity.Picture a pendulum (摆锤) fixed to a backpack frame and stabilized with springs on either side. The packs weight is attached to the pendulum, so the pendulum swings side to side as you walk. Then a

170、 machine is driven by that swinging movement, and produces electrical current to charge a battery.Volunteers carried the pack while walking on a running machine and wore masks to measure the flow of O2 and CO2. When the volunteers were walking with the slightly swinging 20-pound load, the device did

171、 not significantly affect their metabolic (新陈代谢的) rate compared to when they carried the same weight fixed in place. In fact, the energy-harvesting pack reduced the forces of acceleration theyd feel in a regular pack, which might mean greater comfort for a long hike. And the device did produce a ste

172、ady trickle (涓流) of electricity. If you up the load to 45 pounds, it could fully charge a smartphone only after 12 hours. The details are in the journal Royal Society Open Science.The device produces electricity from human movement and has been identified as a workable solution to providing a renewa

173、ble energy source for portable electronic devices. It is particularly useful to those who work in remote areas, as these people often carry a lot of weight in a backpack for their exploration.But heres a real conundrum: the energy-harvesting device currently weighs five pounds. The researchers say t

174、hats about four pounds too many to be a smart alternative to batteries. So they hope that more research lets them lighten the load so that they can ensure the pack charges your phone up without weighing you down.97What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?AWhat the device looks like.BHow the device wo

175、rks.CWho the device is designed for.DWhy scientists designed the device.98What can we know about the device from Paragraph 3?AIt was useless for a long walk.BIt failed to produce steady electricity.CRoyal Society Open Science conducted the study of the device.DIt harvested energy as the volunteers w

176、alked.99What does the underlined word “conundrum” in the last paragraph mean?AProblem.BBond.CDecision.DMethod.100What is the best title for the text?AFinding Smarter Alternatives to BatteriesBThe Development of BackpacksCCharging Batteries When Carrying BackpacksDSearching for New Ways to Charge You

177、r Phone【2023新高考II卷】Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students

178、 develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillos students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of so

179、ft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-o

180、n experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables

181、 as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now theyre eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the programs benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own ve

182、getable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillos special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?A. She used to be a health worker.B. S

183、he grew up in a low-income family.C. She owns a fast food restaurant.D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?A. The kids parents distrusted her.B. Students had little time for her classes.C. Some kids disliked garden work.D. There wa

184、s no space for school gardens.6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?A. Far-reaching.B. Predictable.C. Short-lived.D. Unidentifiable.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Rescuing School GardensB. Experiencing Country LifeC. Growing Vegetable LoversD. Changing L

185、ocal Landscape【2023新高考I卷】On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimat

186、es could be quite accurate.This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors arent always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accura

187、te estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors wont cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that peoples estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, peoples errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the

188、 estimate will go down.But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accu

189、rate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the re

190、searchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasnt the dominant response. Most f

191、requently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decisi

192、on-making are enormous.12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?A. The methods of estimation.B. The underlying logic of the effect.C. The causes of peoples errors.D. The design of Galtons experiment.13. Navajas study found that the average accuracy could increase even if _.A. the crowds were

193、 relatively smallB. there were occasional underestimatesC. individuals did not communicateD. estimates were not fully independent14. What did the follow-up study focus on?A. The size of the groups.B. The dominant members.C. The discussion process.D. The individual estimates.15. What is the authors a

194、ttitude toward Navajas studies?A. Unclear.B. Dismissive.C. Doubtful.D. Approving.【2023浙江1月卷】According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth w

195、ill take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they havent given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they

196、ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. “Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparat

197、ion and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is

198、 kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Ov

199、er 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, citiesand now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years, many solar farm develope

200、rs have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything thats going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.32. What do sola

201、r developers often ignore?A. The decline in the demand for solar energy.B. The negative impact of installing solar panels.C. The rising labor cost of building solar farms.D. The most recent advances in solar technology.33. What does InSPIRE aim to do?A. Improve the productivity of local farms.B. Inv

202、ent new methods for controlling weeds.C. Make solar projects environmentally friendly.D. Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas.34. What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4?A. To conserve pollinators.B. To restrict solar development.C. To diversify the economy.D. To ensure th

203、e supply of energy.35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Pollinators: To Leave or to StayB. Solar Energy: Hope for the FutureC. InSPIRE: A Leader in AgricultureD. Solar Farms: A New Development2022年记叙文【2022年天津卷第二次】Im an 18-year-old pre-medical student, tall nd good-looking, wi

204、th two short story books and quite a number of essays my credit. Why am I singing such praises of myself? Just to explain that he attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself as one is. That was where my struggle began.Born a

205、nd raised in Africa，I had always taken my African origin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had to relocate to Norway, where I attended a high school. Compared to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and fu

206、ll, red lips. My nose often had a thin sheet of sweat on it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “Im so different!”What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-confidence. It always stood between me and a

207、ny fine opportunity. Id taken it as an excuse to avoid any public speaking sessions, and unknowingly let it rule over me.Fortunately, as I grew older, there came a turning point. One day a white girl caught my eye on the school bus when she suddenly turned back. To my astonishment, she had a thin sh

208、eet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in November! “Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isnt a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. Its perfectly normal.” Days later, my life took an-other twist(转折). Searching the internet for stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famous people as Isaac N

209、ewton and Winston Churchill also stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit meif Im smart, I shouldnt allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.Another boost to my self-confidence came days later as I was watching the news about Oprah Winfrey, the famous talkshow ho

210、st and writershes black too! Whenever I think of her story and my former dislike of my color, Im practically filled with shame.Today, Ive grown to accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling of uniqueness. The idea of self-love has taken on a whole new meaning for me: theres always somet

211、hing fantastic about us, and what w need to do is learn to appreciate it.41. What affected the authors adjustment to her school life in Norway!A. Her appearanceB. Social discrimnation.C. Her changing emotions.D. The climate in Norway.42. What did the authors occasional stuttering bring about accordi

212、ng on Paragraph 3?A. Her lack of self-confidence.B. Her loss of interest in school.C. Her unwillingness to greet her classmates.D. Her desire for chances to improve herself.43. How did the author feel on noticing the similarity between her and ne girl on the bus?A. Blessed and proud.B. Confused and

213、afraid.C. Amazed and relieved.D. Shocked and ashamed.44. What lesson did the author learn from the cases of Newton and Churchill?A. Great minds speak alike.B. Stuttering is no barrier to success.C. Wisdom counts more than hard work.D. Famous people cant live with their weaknesses.45. What can best s

214、ummarize the message contained in the passage?A. Pride comes before a fall.B. Where there is a will, there is a way.C. Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.D Self-love is key to the attainment of self-pride.2021年记叙文【2021年新高考全国 卷】A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was na

215、med the Worlds Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools. Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“Ive started a project to promote the teaching

216、 of the arts in our schools.” The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children. Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her pla

217、ce of work for the past twelve years. “Ive seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools. Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andrias brilliant project t

218、o bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools. It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added. Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in

219、schools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness,that has been our

220、strength for centuries.8. What will Zafirakou do with her prize money?A. Make a movie.B. Build new schools.C. Run a project.D. Help local musicians.9. What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?A. It is particularly difficult.B. It increases artists income.C. It opens chi

221、ldrens mind.D. It deserves greater attention.10. What should be stressed in school education according to Schama?A. Moral principles.B. Interpersonal skills.C. Creative abilities.D. Positive worldviews.11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Bring Artists to SchoolsB. When His

222、torians Meet ArtistsC. Arts Education in BritainD. The Worlds Best Arts Teacher2020年记叙文【2020年北京卷】For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French ma

223、nuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand. The authors intention remains as mysterious（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didnt truly

224、 grasp any of the skills the author described. You simply cant get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it, she says. Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isnt just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craft

225、smen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eve problems could kill a

226、drug-resistant virus. The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how on object was made in order to preserve it. Whats more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice wi

227、th ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We cant appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map. Smith has put the manuscripts ideas in

228、to practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving. Back when sciencethen called “the new philosophy”took shape, acad

229、emics looked to craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering（修补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light. If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry

230、the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.38. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript?A. Confused about the technical terms.B. Impressed with its detailed instructions.C. Discouraged by its complex structure.D. Shocked for her own lack of hand skills.39. Acc

231、ording to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to _.A. restore old workshopsB. understand the craftsmenC. improve visual effectsD. inspire the philosophers40. Why does the author mention museums?A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects.B. To present the findings of old science.C To highli

232、ght the importance of antiques.D. To emphasise the values of hand skills.41. Which would be the best title for this passage?A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for ArtistsB. Craftsmanship Leads to New TheoriesC. Craftsmanship Makes Better ScientistsD. Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science2022年阅读理解说明文【2022

233、年新高考全国 卷】Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech s

234、ounds that are now found in half the worlds languages. More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damin Blasi at the Univ

235、ersity of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an

236、overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didnt have to do as much work and so didnt grow to be so large.An

237、alyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people

238、today.This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. ”The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we

239、 find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.12. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damin Blasis research focus on?A. Its variety.B. Its distribution.C. Its quantity.D. Its develo

240、pment.13. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.B. They could not open and close their lips easily.C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.14. What is paragraph 5 ma

241、inly about?A. Supporting evidence for the research results.B. Potential application of the research findings.C. A further explanation of the research methods.D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.15. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A. It is key to effective

242、 communication.B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.C. It is a complex and dynamic system.D. It drives the evolution of human beings.【2022年新高考全国卷】Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade

243、 people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.

244、 That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was only increasing, unfortunately. Big change requires big ideas. he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve

245、road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It woul

246、d work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under

247、New Yorks hands-free driving laws. We need something on the books that can change peoples behavior,” said Flix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the states 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell

248、phone. 8. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers texting in the US?A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 9. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out?A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going

249、. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 10. What does the underlined word something in the last paragraph refer to?A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 11. What is a suitable title for the text?A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You StartB. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer

250、C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers. D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer-【2022年全国乙卷】Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely futu

251、re of applying todays “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to in

252、spect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be

253、more efficient(高效)across the board. That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to ins

254、pect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews efforts. By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause a

255、ny safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail dont need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and

256、 AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.8. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?A. The use of drones in checking on power lin

257、es.B. Drones ability to work at high altitudes.C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.D. Drones reliable performance in remote areas.9. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Personnel safety.B. Assistance from drones.C. Inspection and repair.D. Construction of infrastru

258、cture.10. What function is expected of the rail drones?A To provide early warning.B. To make trains run automatically.C. To earn profits for the crews.D. To accelerate transportation.11. Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. What Faults Can Be Detected with DronesB. How Production of Dron

259、es Can Be ExpandedC. What Difficulty Drone Development Will FaceD How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways【2022年全国甲卷】Goffins cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tool

260、s in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from.

261、Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in

262、a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffins cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tes

263、ts. This indicates that Goffins cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense

264、 of touch in making their shape selections.4. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?A. By following instructions.B. By using a tool.C. By turning the box around.D. By removing the lid.5. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?A. Using

265、 a key to unlock a door.B. Telling parrots from other birds.C. Putting a ball into a round hole.D. Grouping toys of different shapes.6. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?A. How far they are able to see.B. How they track moving objects.C. Whether they are smarter than m

266、onkeys.D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Cockatoos: Quick Error CheckersB. Cockatoos: Independent LearnersC. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-ReadersD. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters2021年阅读理解说明文【2021年新高考全国 卷】When the explorers first set foot

267、upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of t

268、hese resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.In 1934, with the passage of the Migrat

269、ory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.

270、 The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our nat

271、ural resources.About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.

272、 Since 1934 better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.28. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decli

273、ne in North America?A. Loss of wetlands.B. Popularity of water sports.C. Pollution of rivers.D. Arrival of other wild animals.29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?A. Acquire.B. Export.C. Destroy.D. Distribute.30. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?A

274、. The stamp price has gone down.B. The migratory birds have flown away.C. The hunters have stopped hunting.D. The government has collected money.31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. The Federal Duck Stamp StoryB. The National Wildlife Refuge SystemC. The Benefits of Saving

275、WaterfowlD. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting【2021年全国乙卷】Youve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He

276、builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products. At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws co

277、llected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but theyve recently come u

278、nder fire because most people dont need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw thats part of Von Wongs artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to dis

279、appear. In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明） a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckloads worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied

280、together to look like theyd been dumped（倾倒） from a truck all at once. Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.28. What are Von Wongs artworks intended for?A. Beautifying the city he lives in.B. Introducing eco-friendly products.C. Drawing

281、public attention to plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage on the beach.29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.B. To explain why they are useful.C. To voice his views on modern art.D. To find a substitute for them.30. What effect would “

282、Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?A. Calming.B. Disturbing.C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.31 Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Artists Opinions on Plastic SafetyB. Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC. Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD. Ocean Plastics Transformed

283、into Sculptures【2021年浙江卷6月】If you ever get the impression that your dog can tell whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new studyResearchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish b

284、etween images(图像)of the same person making either a happy or an angry face. During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the persons face. The researchers then tested the dogs ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other

285、half of the persons face on images totally different from the ones used in training. The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance. The study showed the animals had figured

286、out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth, said study author Corsin Muller. Instead, our results suggest that the succ

287、essful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions, Muller told Liv

288、e Science. At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expression

289、s, and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them, Muller said.8. The new study focused on whether dogs can_.A. distinguish shapesB. make sense of human facesC. feel happy or angryD. communicate with each other9. What can we learn about the study from para

290、graph 2?A. Researchers tested the dogs in random order.B. Diverse methods were adopted during training.C. Pictures used in the two stages were differentD. The dogs were photographed before the lest.10. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. A suggestion for future studies.B. A possible reason fo

291、r the study findings.C. A major limitation of the studyD. An explanation of the research method.【2021年浙江卷1月】Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a vocabul

292、ary of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges. Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in

293、the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member. Thats whats so amazing about chimp gestures, she said. Theyre the only thing that looks like human language in that respect. ”Although previous research

294、 has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animals call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said. Chimps will check to see if they have th

295、e attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: Climb on me. The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together. The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种

296、) out there. that is meaningful in its communication, so thats not unique to humans, said Dr Hobaiter. Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added

297、, the results were a little disappointing. The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions, she said. Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other ani

298、mal convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. 7What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?AMemorizing specific words.BUnderstanding complex information.CUsing voices to communicate.DCommunicating messages on purpose.8What did Dr Shultz think of the s

299、tudy?AIt was well designed but poorly conducted.BIt was a good try but the findings were limited.CIt was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.DIt was a failure but the methods deserved praise.9What does the underlined word gulf in the last paragraph mean?ADifference.BConflict.CBalance.DConnecti

300、on.10Which of the following is the best title for the text?AChimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthroughBChimpanzees developed specific communication skillsCChimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdomDChimpanzee language: communication gestures translated【2021年天津卷第二次】Art is everywh

301、ere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be the easy subject at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort?Art can connect culture with commercial products in a w

302、ay that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere

303、and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People dont just want material things anymore, they want to experience life一the arts are a perfect crossover （交迭）between culture and commerce.Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel sa

304、fer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nations experience.The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psyc

305、hological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of peoples wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered tha

306、t music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in

307、musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference fbr the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential fbr child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form

308、 healthy emotional responses in later life.Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, fbr art is a part of what makes us human.51. Art products differ from most other commercial products because .

309、A. most people purchase them for collectionB. they are more expensive and less accessibleC. they have both commercial and cultural valuesD. their prices may climb up as time passes52. By sharing their arts experiences, community members can .A. keep the community safe from illnessesB. develop a stro

310、nger tie between themC. learn to appreciate their own works of artD. offer honourable solutions to their problems53. What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities?A. They enjoy better living conditions.B. They like to compare themselves with others.C. They are particularly g

311、ood at both music and art.D. They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.54. How does kids engagement with the arts benefit them?A. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.B. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.C. It inspires their creativity i

312、n designing their future career.D. It helps to make responsible people out of them.55. What is the best title for this passage?A. How Art Cures Our HeartsB. Art: A Blessing to HumankindC. How Art Benefits CommunitiesD. Art: A Bridge Between Cultures【2021年天津卷第一次】 A trial project by the Montreal Child

313、rens Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis(催眠)can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.“During the examination children dont move. It works perfectly. Its amazin

314、g,“ said Johanne LEcuyer, a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia(麻醉）.A French medical-imaging technologist-also a hypnotist was invited to

315、train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the childrens hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified(改变的)state

316、 of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified statean imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows.“The technologist must build up a story with the patient, Ms. LEcuyer said. The patient is left with the power to choose wha

317、t he wants to talk about. Do you play sports? Do you like going to the beach? We establish a subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure.Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story an injection （注射）becomes the bite of an insect; the heat on the skin beco

318、mes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings becomes a police car passing nearby.“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patients body with what the patient sees in his head, Ms. LEcuyer said. It requires creativity on the part of the technolog

319、ist, imagination, a lot of patience and kindness.The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. It spread like wildfire that someone from France was here to train the technologists, Ms. LEcuyer said. She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the

320、 training.45One of the results produced by the trial project is _ .Aa better understanding of childrenBless use of certain medicinesCnew medical-imaging technologyDan improved reputation of the hospital46The French technologist came to the childrens hospital to _.Aassist in treating a patientBcarry

321、out hypnosis trainingCstart up a new departmentDlearn about the procedure47According to Paragraph 5, hypnosis works by _.Acreating a perfect world for patientsBforcing patients into a state of deep sleepCputting patients into an unconscious stateDleading patients consciousness away from reality48Wha

322、t can we learn about the story used in the procedure?AIt should keep pace with the procedure.BIt reflects the patients creativity.CIt is selected by the technologist.DIt tells what doctors are doing to the patient.49The procedure was received among the staff with _.AuncertaintyBenthusiasmCworryDcrit

323、icism50What is the passage mainly about?AAn easy way to communicate with patients.BThe standard method of conducting hypnosis.CAn introduction of medical-imaging technology.DThe use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.2020年阅读理解说明文【2020年新课标】The connection between people and plants has long been

324、 the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with hou

325、seplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of

326、 water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光

327、)in experiments using some common vegetables. Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree

328、s into self-powered street lamps.In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and offswitchwhere the glow would fade when exposed to

329、 daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce

330、this distance and therefore help save energy.32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer

331、?A. To detect plants lack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help

332、reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?【2020年新课标】

333、Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles betwee

334、n ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during

335、 everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and tran

336、slate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls w

337、ho played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.2

338、4. In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?A. Building confidence.B. Developing spatial skills.C. Learning self-control.D. Gaining high-tech knowledge.25. What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment？A. Parents age.B. Childrens imagination.C. Parents education.D

339、. Child-parent relationship.26. How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?A. They play with puzzles more often.B. They tend to talk less during the game.C. They prefer to use more spatial language.D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.27. What is the text mainly about?A. A mathematical m

340、ethod.B. A scientific study.C. A woman psychologistD. A teaching program.【2020年新课标】We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand y

341、ears. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptati

342、on - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent

343、 times, theyve also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land,” said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as di

344、vers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders,” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”In2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard

345、 about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “it seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other g

346、enes that help the Bajau dive.32. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.B. New knowledge of human evolution.C. Recent findings of human origin.D. Significance of food selection.33. Where do the Bajau build their houses?A. In

347、 valleys.B. Near rivers.C. On the beach.D. Off the coast.34. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?A. They could walk on stilts all day.B. They had a superb way of fishing.C. They could stay long underwater.D. They lived on both land and water.35. What can be a suitable title for the te

348、xt?A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at SeaB. Highlanders Survival SkillsC. Basic Methods of Genetic ResearchD. The Worlds Best Divers【2020年新高考全国 卷（海南卷）】Rainforests are home to a rich variety of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single bush（灌木丛）in the Amazon may have mor

349、e species of ants than the whole of Britain! About 480 varieties of trees may be found in just one hectare of rainforest. Rainforests are the lungs of the planet-storing vast quantities of carbon dioxide and producing a significant amount of the worlds oxygen. Rainforests have their own perfect syst

350、em for ensuring their own survival; the tall trees make a canopy（树冠层）of branches and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat from the sun and strong winds. Amazingly, the trees grow in such a way that their leaves and branches, althou

351、gh close together, never actually touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the plants way to prevent the spread of any tree diseases and make life more difficult for leaf-eating insects like caterpillars. To survive in the forest, animals must climb, jump or fly across the gaps. The gro

352、und floor of the forest is not all tangled leaves and bushes, like in films, but is actually fairly clear. It is where dead leaves turn into food for the trees and other forest life. They are not called rainforests for nothing! Rainforests can generate 75%of their own rain. At least 80 inches of rai

353、n a year is normal-and in some areas there may be as much as 430 inches of rain annually. This is real rain-your umbrella may protect you in a shower, but it wont keep you dry if there is a full rainstorm. In just two hours, streams can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity（湿气）of large rainforests c

354、ontributes to the formation of rainclouds that may travel to other countries in need of rain.12. What can we learn about rainforests from the first paragraph?A. They produce oxygen.B. They cover a vast area.C. They are well managed.D. They are rich in wildlife.13. Which of the following contributes

355、most to the survival of rainforests?A. Heavy rainsB. Big trees.C. Small plants.D. Forest animals.14. Why do the leaves and branches of different trees avoid touching each other?A. For more sunlight.B. For more growing space.C. For self-protection.D. For the detection of insects.15. What can be a sui

356、table title for the text?A. Life-Giving RainforestsB. The Law of the JungleC. Animals in the AmazonD. Weather in Rainforests【2020年浙江卷1月】Todays world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. Key skill set for success is persistence (毅力), a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced

357、by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over t

358、ime，the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers，Padilla-Walker said. This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence-which can be taught-are key to a childs life success.

359、”Researchers determined that dads need to practice an authoritative parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian:rigid，demanding or controlling. Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics:children feel warmth and love from their father；res

360、ponsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed children are given an appropriate level of autonomy(自主权).In the study，about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time，children raised by an authoritative father were signific

361、antly more likely to develop persistence，which leads to better outcomes in school.This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future r

362、esearch.27. What is special about the BYU professors study?A. It centered on fathers role in parenting.B. It was based on a number of large families.C. It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.D. It aimed to improve kids achievement in school.28. What would an authoritative father do when rai

363、sing his children?A. Ignore their demands.B. Make decisions for them.C. Control their behaviors.D. Explain the rules to them.29. Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?A. Single parents.B. Children aged from 11 to 14.C. Authoritarian fathers.D. Mothers in two-paren

364、t homes.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers.B. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future.C. Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father.D. Family Relationship Influences School Performance.2022年阅读理解议论文【2022年北京卷】Quant

365、um ( 量子 ) computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as humans. Ive also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chris Johnson who I see as som

366、eone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly, quantum machines could help

367、 us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction.” This is the sort of hype ( 炒作 ) that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they cant keep. “Whats new,” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quan

368、tum computing researchers.”As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their works potential. If researchers cant keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and a

369、nger, Johnson warns. Lots of other technologies have gone through stages of excitement. But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype, Johnson suggests, perhaps because “quantum stands for something cool you shouldnt be able to understand.” And that brings me back to Taylor

370、, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it. He also answered my questions about PyQuantum, the firm he co-founded in 2016. Taylor shares Johnsons concerns about hype, but he says those concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.T

371、he company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” to building a “useful” quantum computer, one that “solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise.” He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a lot of time

372、 quantitatively comparing what we are doing with others.”Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition “by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims? I dont know. Im certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers. But I trust Taylor, just as I trust Johnson.31.

373、Regarding Johnsons concerns, the author feels _.A. sympatheticB. unconcernedC. doubtfulD. excited32. What leads to Taylors optimism about quantum computing?A. His dominance in physics.B. The competition in the field.C. His confidence in PyQuantum.D. The investment of tech companies.33. What does the

374、 underlined word “prone” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. Open.B. Cool.C. Useful.D. Resistant.34. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Is Johnson More Competent Than Taylor?B. Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technology?C. Will Quantum Computers Ever Come into Being?D. Will Quantum Co

375、mputing Ever Live Up to Its Hype?2021年阅读理解议论文【2021年全国甲卷】Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.Lets state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius i

376、tself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. Its said that history is written by the victors, and th

377、ose victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the clubwomen, or people of a different color or beliefthey were unacknowledged and rejected by others.A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less

378、 likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers becom

379、e discouraged and give up? It doesnt take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.Heres the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, were all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like ge

380、nder, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”12. What does the author think of victors standards for joining the genius c

381、lub?A. Theyre unfair.B. Theyre conservative.C. Theyre objective.D. Theyre strict.13. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?A. They think themselves smart.B. They look up to great thinkers.C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.D. They are likely to be influenced by social

382、 beliefs14. Why are more geniuses known to the public?A. Improved global communication.B. Less discrimination against women.C. Acceptance of victors concepts.D. Changes in peoples social positions.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Geniuses Think AlikeB. Genius Takes Many FormsC. Genius and

383、IntelligenceD. Genius and Luck【2021年全国乙卷】When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline（座机）?These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids ha

384、ve one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime. Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones according to a survey （调查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a th

385、ird concede that its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category. More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home p

386、hone. Age is naturally a factor（因素） only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isnt the only factor; Id say its also to do with the makeup of your household. Generation Xers with y

387、oung families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is cal

388、ling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）. How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?A. Their target users.B. Their wide popul

389、arity.C. Their major functions.D. Their complex design.25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Admit.B. Argue.C. Remember.D. Remark.26. What can we say about Baby Boomers?A. They like smartphone games.B. They enjoy guessing callers identity.C. They keep using landline phon

390、es.D. They are attached to their family.27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?A. It remains a family necessity.B. It will fall out of use some day.C. It may increase daily expenses.D. It is as important as the gas light.【2021年北京卷】Early fifth-century philosopher StAugust

391、ine famously wrote that he knew what time was unless someone asked himAlbert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies depending on where you measure itTodays state-of-the-art atomic（原子的） clocks have proven Einstein rightEven advanced physics cant decisively tell us what time

392、 is, because the answer depends on the question youre askingForget about time as an absoluteWhat if，instead of considering time in terms of astronomy,we related time to ecology？What if we allowed environmental conditions to set the tempo（节奏） of human life？Were increasingly aware of the fact that we

393、cant control Earth systems with engineering alone，and realizing that we need to moderate（调节）our actions if we hope to live in balanceWhat if our definition of time reflected that？Recently，I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping thats connected to circumstances on our planet，conditions that mi

394、ght change as a result of global warmingWere now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers，which are sensitive to local and global environmental changesWeve programmed it to match an atomic clock if the waterways continue to flow at their p

395、resent rateIf the rivers run faster in the future on average，the clock will get ahead of standard timeIf they run slower，youll see the opposite effectThe clock registers both short-term irregularities and long-term trends in river dynamicsIts a sort of observatory that reveals how the rivers are beh

396、aving from their own temporal frame（时间框架），and allows us to witness those changes on our smartwatches or phonesAnyone who opts to go on Alaska Mean River Time will live in harmony with the planetAnyone who considers river time in relation to atomic time will encounter a major imbalance and may be mot

397、ivated to counteract it by consuming less fuel or supporting greener policiesEven if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars，early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomenaIn pre-Classical Greece，for instance，people“corrected”official calendars by shifting dates

398、forward or backward to reflect the change of seasonTemporal connection to the environment was vital to their survivalLikewise，river time and other timekeeping systems were developing may encourage environmental awarenessWhen StAugustine admitted his inability to define time， he highlighted one of ti

399、me s most noticeable qualities：Time becomes meaningful only in a defined contextAny timekeeping system is valid，and each is as praiseworthy as its purpose31 What is the main idea of Paragraph 1？A. Timekeeping is increasingly related to natureB. Everyone can define time on their own termsC. The quali

400、ties of time vary with how you measure itD. Time is a major concern of philosophers and scientists32. The author raises three questions in Paragraph 2 mainly to_A. present an assumptionB. evaluate an argumentC. highlight an experimentD. introduce an approach33. What can we learn from this passage？A.

401、 Those who do not go on river time will live an imbalanced lifeB. New ways of measuring time can help to control Earth systemsC. Atomic time will get ahead of river time if the rivers run slowerD. Modern technology may help to shape the rivers temporal frame34. What can we infer from this passage？A.

402、 It is crucial to improve the definition of timeB. A fixed frame will make time meaninglessC. We should live in harmony with natureD. History is a mirror reflecting reality【2021年天津卷第一次】There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist. Knowing a little about a lot of

403、 things that interest you can add to the richness of a whole, well-lived life.Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and

404、less. There is a great deal of pressure to master ones field. You may pursue training, degrees, or increasing levels of responsibility at work. Then you discover the pressure of having to keep up.Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. But such commitment can als

405、o weaken a sense of freedom. These specialists could work at the office until ten each night, then look back and realize they would have loved to have gone home and enjoyed the sweetness of their family and friends, or traveled to exciting places, meeting interesting people. Mastering one thing to t

406、he exclusion （排 除）of others can hold back your true spirit.Generalists, on the other hand, know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its connections. They are people of ability, talent, and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective （视角）into specific fields of exper

407、tise （专长）.The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills.Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your interests may not appear to be connect

408、ed but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are. My editor Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several history books. She has decided to study Chinese history. Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about C

409、hinese philosophy. I dont know where it will lead, but Im excited Im on this pursuit.These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. Develop broad, genera

410、l knowledge and experience. The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy.51To become a specialist, one may have to_.Anarrow his range of knowledgeBavoid responsibilities at workCknow more about the societyDbroaden his perspective on life52The specialists mentioned in Paragraph 3 tend to_.Atreasure

411、 their freedomBtravel around the worldCspend most time workingDenjoy meeting funny people53According to the author, a superior doctor is one who_.Ais fully aware of his talent and abilityBis a pure specialist in medicineCshould love poetry and philosophyDbrings knowledge of other fields to work54Wha

412、t does the author intend to show with the example of Toni?APassion alone does not ensure a persons success.BIn-depth exploration makes discoveries possible.CEveryone has a chance to succeed in their pursuit.DSeemingly unrelated interests are in a way connected.55What could be the best title for the

413、passage?ABe More a Generalist Than a SpecialistBSpecialist or Generalist: Hard to DecideCTurn a Generalist into a SpecialistDWays to Become a Generalist2020年阅读理解议论文【2020年江苏卷】I was in the middle of the Amazon (亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. We flew on a small plane to a far

414、away village. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign.We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or

415、 electricity It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all sp

416、oke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon too?” I was surprised.After I explained to Juan that yes,

417、we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe (敬畏) at the possibilities that existed in his world. In Juans world, each village could have its own moon. In Juans world. the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. Anything was possible.In our society, we know t

418、hat Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juans village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it

419、seems that way.Yet, as I thought about Juans question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out. I am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though? How ignorant (无知的) ar

420、e we? The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me.I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider, and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens

421、 of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started a thi

422、rd drawer for these big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.In looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of scientists, usually brilliant occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often s

423、ee the same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion (穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view

424、 of the world.We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its nam

425、e.65. How did the author feel on his arrival in the Amazon?A. Out of place.B. Full of joy.C. Sleepy.D. Regretful.66. What made that Amazonian evening wonderful?A. He learned more about the local language.B. They had a nice conversation with each other.C. They understood each other while playing.D. H

426、e won the soccer game with the goal keeper.67. Why was the author surprised at Juans question about the moon?A. The question was too straightforward.B. Juan knew so little about the world.C. The author didnt know how to answer.D. The author didnt think Juan was sincere.68. What was the authors initi

427、al purpose of collecting newspaper articles?A. To sort out what we have known.B. To deepen his research into Amazonians.C. To improve his reputation as a biologist.D. To learn more about local cultures.69. How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries?A. They shifted their viewpoints fre

428、quently.B. They followed other scientists closely.C. They often criticized their fellow scientists.D. They conducted in-depth and close studies.70. What could be the most suitable title for the passage?A. The Possible and the Impossible .B. The Known and the Unknown .C. The Civilized and the Uncivil

429、ized .D. The Ignorant and the Intelligent.2020年阅读理解新闻报道【2020年新课标】With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on

430、 the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing m

431、achine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think its a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”And wha

432、t does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”Its hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households

433、with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001to 419,000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of

434、 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly

435、outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husbands family when they get married.28. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?A. Nick.B. Rita.C. KathrynD. The daughters.29. What is Nicks attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law?A. Posit

436、ive.B. Carefree.C. Tolerant.D. Unwilling.30. What is the authors statement about multigenerational family based on?A. Family traditions.B. Financial reports.C. Published statistics.D. Public opinions.31. What is the text mainly about?A. Lifestyles in different countries.B. Conflicts between generations.C. A housing problem in Britain.D. A rising trend of living in the UK.