北师大版高中英语选修八 Unit24 Society-词汇篇1（教师版）.docx

1、Unit 24 Society 词汇篇1 _1、掌握第二十四单元第一课及第二课的重点单词，短语及句型。2、灵活运用第二十四单元第一课及第二课的重点单词，短语及句型。1. voluntary adj. 义务的，自愿的She does voluntary social work. 她从事社会志愿活动。Charity relies on voluntary donations. 慈善事业依靠自愿捐赠。词汇拓展：voluntarily adv. 自愿地，主动地volunteer v. 自愿做 n. 志愿者2. abundant adj. 大量的词汇拓展：abundance n. 大量，充裕abunda

2、ntly adv. 大量地短语拓展：in abundance 大量，丰盛We had wine in abundance. 我们有充足的葡萄酒。be abundant in 富有He has a land abundant in minerals. 他拥有一块矿产丰富的土地。3. besides adv. 此外考点释义：adv. 此外 Peter is our youngest children, and we have three others besides. 彼得是我们最小的孩子，我们另外还有三个孩子。prep. 除之外（还）There will be five of us for di

3、nner, besides John. 除约翰外，还有我们五个人将要一起吃饭。4. govern v. 统治易混辨析：govern: 统治，只用权利实行治理，即合法政府的统治。reign: 指君王的当政，但不一定都实行治理。rule: 统治，指独裁统治或君王的专制统治。5. thus adv. 这样以此方式，这样Hold the wheel in both hands, thus. 用双手握住方向盘，像这样。因此，所以He is the eldest son and thus the heir to the title. 他是长子，因此是这个封号的继承人。6. complicated adj.

4、 复杂的 for young children, getting dressed is a complicated business. 对于小孩子来说，穿衣服是件复杂的事情。词汇拓展：complicate v. 使复杂化complication n. 使更复杂化（或更困难）的事物7. accumulate v. 积累By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune. 她投资精明，积累了一笔财富。词汇拓展：accumulation n. 积累8. possession n. 拥有She came into possession of a vast for

5、tune. 她继承了一大笔财产。词汇拓展：possess v. 拥有9. burden n. 负担考点释义：n. 负担，重担the old man bent with a heavy burden on his back. 老人因背着重担而弯着腰。v. 负重he was burdened with a large bundle of magazines. 他提着一大捆杂志。10. hand over 移交Would you hand over your car keys to a perfect stranger? 你会把你的车钥匙交给一个完全陌生的人吗？短语拓展：hand in 上交Coul

6、d I hand in my paper a few days late? 我可以晚几天叫我的论文吗？hand out 分发One of my jobs was to hand out the prizes. 我的职责之一是分发奖品。11. be better off （情况）更好Youll certainly be better off when the kids grow off. 当孩子们长大了，你的情况肯定会好一点。短语拓展：be badly off 拮据，处境坏be worse off 更拮据，处境更坏12. vacant adj. 空置的易混辨析：vacant: 空置的，空缺的，指

7、无人居住或为在职。empty: 空的，指没有内容或实质。blank: 空白的，强调某种缺乏，尤指含义和内容方面。13. come into being 出现，形成Scientists want to learn when the earth came into being. 科学家们想了解地球是何时形成的。短语拓展：come into effect 生效 come into existence 形成，存在14. worth adj. 值得的易混辨析：worth: 值得的，只作表语，后可直接跟名词，代词或动名词。worthy: 值得的，可作表语和定语，后接of。worthwhile: 值得的，可

8、作表语和定语，作表语时，后接动名词或不定式。15. resign v. 辞职Have you heard of her intention to resign. 你听说她打算辞职了吗？词汇拓展：resignation n. 辞职resigned adj. 顺从的16. delete v. 删除The deleted the last paragraph. 编辑删除了最后一段。词汇拓展：deletion n. 删除17. virtue n. 优点This seat has the virtue of being adjustable. 这种座位的优点是可以调节。易混辨析：virtue: 优点，强

9、调事物的品质，品格。advantage: 优势，强调有优势和好处。词汇拓展：virtuous adj. 有道德的18. show off 炫耀She was showing off her new husband at the party. 他在聚会上炫耀她的新婚丈夫。短语拓展：show up 出现(be) on show 展出，上映show sb. around 领某人参观19. elect v. 选举词汇拓展：election n. 选举短语拓展：elect sb. as/to be 选某人当elect to do sth. 决定/选举做某事温馨提示：elect指选举某人担任某职位时，所涉

10、及的职位名词作补语时不用冠词。20. knock into 撞上某人，偶遇I knocked into an old friend of mine in the park yesterday. 我昨天在公园里碰见了我的一个老朋友。短语拓展：knock about 闲逛，漫游knock down 减价，降价21. set up 建立A new government was set up after the war. 新政府于战后建立。短语拓展：set off 出发set out 开始做set about 着手做22. take up 开始从事When did he take up footbal

11、l? 他是什么时候开始踢足球的？短语拓展：take away 解除take back 收回take over 接管take off脱下23. make up 编造考点释义：编造I think its unkind of you to make up stories about him. 我认为你编造他的谣言很不厚道。化妆She spent too much time making herself up. 她在化妆上花去了太多时间。构成Women officers make up 13 of the police force. 女警察占警力的13。弥补Theyll have to make up

12、 for lost time during the strike. 我们不得不弥补罢工期间失去的时间。和解She came back and the made up. 她回来之后他们又和好了。24. impression n. 印象短语拓展：make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象make no impression on 对没有印象My words made no impression on her. 我的话丝毫没有对她起作用。impression of sth. / doing sth. 对的印象25. more than 不仅仅考点释义：more than +

13、名词，表示“不仅仅”Jason is more than a lecture; he is a writer too. Jason不仅仅是一个讲师，他还是一个作家。more than + 数次，表示“超过，多于”I have known David for more than 20 years. 我认识David已超过20年了。more than + 形容词，表示“很，非常”I assure you I am more than glad to help you. 我向你保证我很高兴帮你。more than +(that)从句，表示“超过，远非”That is more than I can

14、understand. 那远非我所能理解的。26. it作形式宾语原文再现：They were then able to place guards at the entrance of the various hutongs, which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movement.句型剖析：句中make it easier是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是to keep an eye。常见句型“主语+谓语+it（形式宾语）+形容词/名词（宾语补足语）+动词不定式/动名词/宾语从句。用于此句型的常见动词有:

15、 consider, find, make, feel, know, regard, think, believe。例：I want to make it clear that I dont agree with this policy. 我想表明我不同意这项政策。27. keep an eye on 留意We have asked the neighbored to keep an eye on the house for us while we are away. 我们已经请邻居在我们离开期间帮我们照看房子。短语拓展：keep in touch with 与保持联系set eyes on

16、sb. / sth. 看到catch someones eye 引起某人注意28. whetheror 无论还是Whether I walk or take a bus, Ill be there on time. 无论步行还是乘公交，我都会准时到那里。29. no doubt 毫无疑问There is no doubt that we will be successful. 毫无疑问我们会成功的。短语拓展：no wonder 难怪句型拓展：Theres no need to do sth. 不必要做某事。例 1. The film star is content with herself,

17、and she always likes to _ her nice figure by wearing tight dresses in public.A. get offB. show offC. put offD. turn off 解析：句意：这个影星对自己很满意，她总是喜欢在公众场合穿着紧身裙来炫耀她的好身材。get off出发；show off炫耀；put off推迟；turn off关掉。答案：B。例 2. It is reported that thirty people were killed in a _ on the railway yesterday.A. collis

18、ionB. warC. conflictD. battle解析：句意：据报道，30个人死于昨天铁路上的相撞事件。collision相撞，碰撞；war战争；conflict冲突；battle战斗。根据句意应该选择A项。答案：A。例3. It is said that the municipal government plans to _ fireworks in celebration of the 2500th Yangzhou City Anniversary.A. set offB. set outC. set upD. set about解析：句意：据说市政府计划燃放烟花来庆祝扬州建市2

19、500周年纪念日。本题考查动词短语辨析。set off燃放；set out出发，动身；set up建立；set about着手做。根据句意选A。答案：A。例4. The government has agreed to play the firms extra sums to _ for their financial losses.A. make up B. bring upC. fill upD. look up解析：句意：政府已经决定支付那些公司额外的钱来弥补它们的经济损失。本题考查动词短语辨析。make up for弥补，符合句意。bring up抚养；fill up填满；look u

20、p查找，向上看。答案：A。例5. （2019北京通州高三二模）It was not until she got home _ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A. whetherB. whereC. whenD. that 解析：句意为：直到回到家，Jennifer才意识到自己的钥匙不见了。含有notuntil结构的句子，在强调until引导的时间状语时，要把not和until连一起，放在被强调部分的位置。强调句型“It is / was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他。故答案选D。答案：D。基础演练一，请将词汇与释义相匹配。1. abu

21、ndantA. to put money into a bank account2. currencyB. the system of money that a country uses3. deleteC. to become smaller, especially when washed in water that is too hot4. depositD. more than enough 5. diverseE. done willingly6. shrinkF. of different kinds7. voluntaryG. to cross out or removeKeys：

22、 1-7 DBGAF CE巩固提高一， 根据所给单词的首字母补全单词。1. Dust and dirt will soon a_ if a house is not cleaned regularly.2. Our professor illustrated his theory by using g_ and charts.3. O_ of the land gives us a strong bargaining counter.4. He r_ his position and left the computer.5. The company is heavily b_ with tax

23、ation.6. The country is now being g_ by the Labour Party.7. She had a v_ look on her face.8. There is a_ evidence that cars have a harmful effect on the environment.Keys：1. accumulate2. graphs3. Ownership4. resigned5. burdened6. governed7. vacant8. abundant 一，单项选择。1. The age of the students ranged f

24、rom 17 to 21 with a(n) _ of 19.A. averageB. usualC. normalD. regular2. （北京高三大兴一模）Find ways to praise your children often, _ you will find they will open their hearts to you.A. soB. orC. andD. but3. （北京高三通州二模）You _ the key, so we couldnt get into the office.A. hasnt leftB. didnt leaveC. hadnt leftD.

25、doesnt leave4. （北京高三通州一模）Can I call you back at four oclock this afternoon?Im sorry, but I _ a meeting then.A. haveB. will haveC. will be havingD. am having5. （北京高三丰台二模）Can I help you?Yes. I bought an iphone 6 here last week, but there _ something wrong with it.A. wasB. had beenC. will beD. is二，翻译下列

26、短语。1. 形成，存在_2. 故意惹恼某人_3. 富有_4. 希望_5. 交出，移交_6. （情况）更好_三，根据汉语意思完成句子。1. 你是在故意气我吗？Are you deliberately _me _?2. 科学家有许多关于宇宙是如何形成的理论。Scientists have many theories about how the universe _ _ _.3. 他们把武器交给了警方。They _ the weapons _ to the police.4. 随着国家的发展，我们相信我们会比以前更好。With our countrys development, we are sur

27、e that we will _ _ _ than before.5. 一些公司在那个项目上投资了很多钱希望他们能获得巨大的利润。Some companies invested lots of money in that project _ _ _ _ they could get great profits.Keys: 一，1-5 ACCCD 二，1. come into being2. wind sb. up3. be abundant in4. in the hope that5. hand over6. be better off三，1. winding, up2. came into

28、 being3. handed, over4. be better off5. in the hope that_一， 阅读理解。AI dont think there is anything wrong with your blood. The key to your problem is that long nap（打盹,小睡）after dinner. If you didnt sleep for hours during the early part of the evening, you would be more ready to sleep at bedtime. If you

29、didnt nap after dinner, you would not want to stay up so late, and you would not feel the need to take a sleeping pill. The pill is still working in your system when you get up in the morning. This helps account for the fact that you feel tired all day. You should get out of the habit of sleeping du

30、ring the evening. Right after your evening meal, engage in some sort of physical activity - a sport such as bowling, perhaps. Or get together with friends for an evening of cards and conversation. Then go to bed at your usual time or a little earlier, and you should be able to get a good nights rest

31、 without taking a pill.If you can get into the habit of spending your evenings this way, I am sure you will feel less tired during the day. At first it may be hard for you to go to sleep without taking a pill. If so, get up and watch television or do some jobs around your house until you feel sleepy

32、. If you fall asleep and then wake up a few hours later, get up but do not take a sleeping pill. Read a while or listen to the radio, and make yourself a few hours sleep that night, you will feel better in the morning than you usually feel after taking a pill. The next night you will be ready to sle

33、ep at an earlier hour.The most important thing is to avoid taking that nap right after dinner and avoid taking pills.1. According to the writer, it is difficult for you to go to sleep because.A. you get the habit of staying up late B. you havent taken sleeping pills C. you sleep for hours after dinn

34、er D. you fail to do some exercises2. Which of the following is NOT true if you want to get out of the habit of sleeping during the evening?A. Go to bed earlier than usual. B. Talk with friends after dinner. C. Stay with friends after dinner. D. Do some physical labor.3. You feel tired all day proba

35、bly because .A. you stay up too late B. you get up too early in the morning C. you take sleeping pills D. you wake up too frequently at night.4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. You mustnt take sleeping pills in order to get a good nights sleep. B. You should stay up if you

36、 want to sleep effectively. C. Food is necessary at night if you fail to go to sleep. D. It is very important to get out of the habit of taking a nap after dinner.5. We may infer that the author is most probably a.A. doctorB. scientist C. reporterD. professor BHave you ever been afraid to talk back

37、when you were treated unfairly? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date?Many people are afraid to assert（表现）themselves. Dr. Alberti, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and Talk Back, thinks its because their self-respect is lo

38、w. Our whole set up（体制）is designed to make people distrust themselves, says Alberti. Theres always superior arounda parent, a teacher, a boss-who knows better. There superiors often gain when they chip（削弱）away at your self-image.But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people ass

39、ert themselves. They offer assertiveness training coursesAT for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learnto be more active without hurting other people.In one way, learning to speak out is to overco

40、me fear. A group taking an At course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But At uses an even stronger motive-the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how the feels.Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you

41、 face is more important than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to doubt your own good sense.You go by the other persons demand. But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.1. As used the first line, the phrase talk bac

42、k means .A. persuade somebody to change his mind B. answer showing disagreement C. talk and go back D. fight bravely2. The passage mainly discusses the problem that.A. people are easily cheated when they buy something B. people are afraid to speak for themselves C. some people think too low of the t

43、hemselves D. some people are afraid of superiors3. We may infer from the passage that the authors attitude towards the whole set up is.A. positive B. negative C. hostile D. appreciative4. One thing that Assertiveness Training does not do is.A. help people overcome fear B. show people they have a rig

44、ht to be themselves C. help people to assert themselves even if others suffer D. help people to feel good about themselves5. A best title for this passage is.A. Assertiveness Training B. Development of Self-respect C. The Importance of Self-image D. How to Feel Good About Yourself二， 用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。

45、accumulatebe abundant in be voluntary to wind upresign from. in the hope of1. The doctor _ settle down in the poor village.2. Our country _ natural resources.3. He _ a fortune by working hard.4. She _ the government last week.5. We are spending out samples _ gaining comments.6. Calm down! They _ you _.Keys:一， A篇：CDCDA B篇：BCBCA二，1. was voluntary to2. is abundant in3. accumulated4. resigned from5. in the hope of6. be better off