四川省 2023-2024学年高二上学期备考期末英语模拟试卷4（Word版附解析）.docx

1、绝密启用前2023外研版-高二上册-成都第七中学(期末-模拟试卷 4)(本试卷不含听力)考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读共两节，满分50分第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A篇Best International Pho

2、tography Contests to EnterRHS Photographic CompetitionIf you are interested in taking photos of your garden, enter this flower-photo-friendly contest, which includes categories for 11-year-olds to 17-year-olds and even kids under 11 years old. This photo competition is organized by the Royal Horticu

3、ltural Society, which is intended for photographers, horticulturalists and garden lovers.Entry Fee: FreePrize: $6,000 for each winner of first prizeIstanbul Photo AwardsOrganized by the Anadolu Agency, the international news photography contest aims to develop the news photography area and seeks to

4、reward hard-working news photographers around the world. The categories in this contest are Photo of the Year, Single News, Story News, Single Sports and Story SportsEntry Fee: FreePrize: $8,000 for Photo of the Year and first prize in Single News Category. The first prize in other categories is $5,

5、000ZEISS Photography AwardZEISS Photography Award is organized with the partnership of Zeiss and the World Photography Organization. The photographers are invited to submit photos whose theme is “Seeing Beyond Discoveries”. Each photographer has to submit 5 images which have not been published befor

6、e. Winners will be invited to London to participate in the Sony World Photography Awards exhibition opening.Entry Fee: FreePrize: ZEISS lenses (镜头) of your choice (worth 12,000 euros) and 3,000 euros to cover travel expensesMono Visions Photography AwardsLeading photography magazine Mono Visions wil

7、l award creative expression in the black and white medium. This black and white photography competition is also open for amateurs, and photos taken with traditional or digital media are accepted. The two sections of the competition are Black and White Series of the Year and Black and White Photo of

8、the Year.Entry Fee: $20 for a single photo; $25 for a series (maximum 8 photos with a common concept)Prize: $2,000 for the top single; $3,000 for the top series1. If you are a garden lover, which contest should you enter?A. ZEISS Photography Award.B. Mono Visions Photography Awards.C. RHS Photograph

9、ic Competition.D. Istanbul Photo Awards.2. What are the participants of ZEISS Photography Award required to do?A. Pay for their entry.B. Use digital media.C. Submit unpublished images.D. Provide means of identification.3. What is special about Mono Visions Photography Awards?A. It charges an entry f

10、ee.B. It has an age limit.C. It offers the highest prize.D. It is jointly organized.【答案】1 C 2. C 3. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国际摄影比赛的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据RHS Photographic Competition部分中的“This photo competition is organized by the Royal Horticultural Society, which is intended for photographers, horti

11、culturalists and garden lovers.(本次摄影比赛由英国皇家园艺学会组织，专为摄影师、园艺师和园艺爱好者举办)”可知如果你是一个园艺爱好者，你应该参加RHS Photographic Competition。故选C。2题详解】细节理解题。根据ZEISS Photography Award部分中的“Each photographer has to submit 510 images which have not been published before.(每个摄影师必须提交510张以前没有发表过的照片)”可知ZEISS Photography Award的参赛者需要提

12、交以前未发表过的照片。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据四个比赛的Entry Fee部分可知，只有Mono Visions Photography Awards要求参赛者缴纳参赛费。故选A。B篇Chongqing, a city of more than 32 million people, faced an unheard-of test this summer with a heat wave and drought causing a series of large wildfires since Aug 17.Local residents have safeguarded thei

13、r hometown in every way possible, with thousands of volunteers from all walks of life fighting the fires with professionals.Under a very hot sun, some residents used chain saws(锯) to fell trees to make fire barriers. Others rode motorcycles on newly formed paths to take firefighters and supplies up

14、a mountain, while some volunteers carried food and drinks on their backs by foot. Women and children helped organize supplies and clear the ground, and performed other essential tasks.On Thursday night, as wildfires approached a man-made barrier on Jinyun Mountain in Beibei district, a total of more

15、 than 1000 firefighters and volunteers stood alongside the barrier with fire extinguishers. Seen from overhead, their lights formed a silver wall against the raging fire.The residents stories have touched many people.“Chongqing people are really amazing.“ said Du Hailang, head of the Beijing Emergen

16、cy Rescue Association, an NGO founded in 2007 that has taken part in many overseas rescue operations. Du and 10 other members of the association joined the fire rescue team in Chongqing last week.“The man-made wall was unbelievable, but shocking. It really showed Chinese peoples determination to def

17、end their homeland.” Du said.The outstanding work of the volunteers and the hospitality of local residents impressed the firefighters, tooBai Xueguang, from Gansu Forest Fire Brigade, said, “I never imagined that I would have ice cream and cold drinks at a fire rescue site.”Zhou Hongyu, from Yunnan

18、Forest Fire Brigade, said every volunteer he met at the scene asked him if he needed anything “It was the first time I had taken a motorcycle to reach a fire scene. We really appreciate the locals hospitality. Their support has been wonderful.” Zhou said.4. What test that never had happened before d

19、id Chongqing face this summer?A. A heat wave.B. Drought.C. WildfiresD. Flood.5. Why did the local residents actively participate in fighting the fires?A. To show their enthusiasm.B. To impress professional firefighters.C. To get paid from it.D. To protect their homeland.6. Which of the following bes

20、t describes the volunteers in the fight against wildfires?A. Responsible and helpfulB. Enthusiastic and faithfulC. Reliable and honestD. Ambitious and determined7. What can we learn from the report?A. No pains, no gains.B. Hard work pays off.C. Love breaks down barriers.D. Many hands make light work

21、.【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述今天夏天重庆当地志愿者积极参与对抗森林野火保护家园的事。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Chongqing, a city of more than 32 million people, faced an unheard-of test this summer with a heat wave and drought causing a series of large wildfires since Aug 17.(重庆是一座拥有3200多万人口的城市，今年夏天面临前所未有的考验，热浪和干旱导致

22、自8月17日以来的一系列大规模野火。)”可知，重庆第一次面临森林野火的考验。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Local residents have safeguarded their hometown in every way possible, with thousands of volunteers from all walks of life fighting the fires with professionals.(当地居民尽一切可能保护家乡，数千名来自各行各业的志愿者与专业人员一起救火。)”可知，当地居民积极参加救火是为了保护家乡。故选D项。6题详解】推理判断题。

23、由文章第三段“Under a very hot sun, some residents used chain saws(锯) to fell trees to make fire barriers. Others rode motorcycles on newly formed paths to take firefighters and supplies up a mountain, while some volunteers carried food and drinks on their backs by foot. Women and children helped organize

24、supplies and clear the ground, and performed other essential tasks.(在炎热的阳光下，一些居民用链锯砍树以制作防火屏障。其他人骑着摩托车走在新形成的道路上，带着消防员和补给上山，而一些志愿者则徒步背着食物和饮料。妇女和儿童帮助组织供应品和清理场地，并执行其他重要任务。)”可知，这些志愿者在救火工作中是非常负责的，且有帮助的。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Chongqing, a city of more than 32 million people, faced an unheard-of test this

25、summer with a heat wave and drought causing a series of large wildfires since Aug 17.(重庆是一座拥有3200多万人口城市，今年夏天面临前所未有的考验，热浪和干旱导致自8月17日以来的一系列大规模野火。)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲今天夏天重庆当地志愿者积极参与对抗森林野火保护家园的故事。所以D项“Many hands make light work.(众人拾柴火焰高。)”符合文意。故选D项。C篇Many cities in the United States could grow their own food

26、locally, raising enough crops and cattle to meet the needs of all residents. This is the finding of an interesting new modeling study from Tufts University, which analyzed the potential for local food production in 378 areas across the US and expected food production.The researchers found that citie

27、s in the Northwest in the United States had the greatest potential to raise their own food. Cities along the Eastern seaside and in the Southwest had the least potential and would not be able to meet all their own needs of diet, even if every acre of agricultural land was used for food production. T

28、his makes sense, as many of the cities are coastal and lack room for agricultural spreading.The study revealed that the United States have a surplus (多余的) of agricultural land for feeding the domestic (国内的) population. Currently, some land is used to raise export crops, but a focus on local food pro

29、duction would start a conversation about how that land gets used. In the words of Peters, lead author and associate professor at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts, “It would be important to make sure policies for supporting local or regional food production benefit conserv

30、ation and create opportunities for farmers to adopt more sustainable (可持续的) practices. Policies should also recognize the ability of the natural resources in a given local or region and consider the supply chain, including ability for food processing and storage.”Although its a far cry from the curr

31、ent reality, it is a nice thought to imagine cities surrounded by food production operations that transport freshly harvested food to nearby homes, and then make use of the leftover food to fertilize fields and generate heat for greenhouses.8. The cities along the Eastern seaside fail to provide eno

32、ugh food because _.A. citizens are unwilling to grow cropsB. the methods of food production are wrongC. they dont have enough land to grow cropsD. their climate limits the agricultural production9. What will the focus on local food production lead to?A. More job opportunities for citizens.B. More sp

33、ecific policies about using land.C. Conversations with the local government.D. A discussion on how to make use of land.10. In which section can we read this text in a newspaper?A. Agriculture.B. Entertainment.C. Lifestyle.D. Sport.11. What is the best title of this text?A. The US Government Stops Wa

34、sting FoodB. Many Cities in the US Can Grow Their Own FoodC. Cities Learn to Grow Food From the VillagesD. Farmers Have More Chances to Be Employed【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新模型研究的发现美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Cities along the Eastern se

35、aside and in the Southwest had the least potential and would not be able to meet all their own needs of diet, even if every acre of agricultural land was used for food production. This makes sense, as many of the cities are coastal and lack room for agricultural spreading.”(东部沿海城市和西南部城市的潜力最小，即使每英亩农田

36、都用于粮食生产，它们也无法满足自身对饮食的全部需求。这是有道理的，因为许多城市都是沿海城市，缺乏农业扩张的空间)可知，东部沿海城市无法提供足够的食物是因为他们没有足够的土地种植庄稼。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Currently, some land is used to raise export crops, but a focus on local food production would start a conversation about how that land gets used.”(目前，一些土地用于种植出口作物，但关注当地粮食生产将引发有关这些土地如何

37、利用的讨论)可知，对当地粮食生产的关注将引发对如何利用土地的讨论。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“This is the finding of an interesting new modeling study from Tufts University, which analyzed the potential for local food production in 378 areas across the US and expected food production.”(这是塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新模型研究的发现，该研究分析了美国378个地区的当地粮食生产潜力和预期

38、粮食生产)可知，文章是介绍了一项关于美国农业生产的调查研究，所以应来自一份报纸的农业版块。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Many cities in the United States could grow their own food locally, raising enough crops and cattle to meet the needs of all residents.”(美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。)和第二句中的 “This is the finding of an interesting

39、new modeling study from Tufts University”(这是塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新模型研究的发现)可知，文章主要是讲一项研究发现美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。故“美国的很多城市可以种植自己的粮食”可以作为最佳标题。故选B。D篇When ivory hunters target elephants, the hunters can affect more than just animal numbers. In Mozambique, past hunting pressure led to an incre

40、ase of naturally tuskless (无长牙的) elephants in one park, a study finds.During 1977 to 1992, people hunted elephants and other wildlife for food and ivory. This caused the number of these large animals to drop more than 90 percent in the countrys Gorongosa National Park. Records show that as elephant

41、numbers plummeted, the proportion of tuskless female African savanna elephants rose from about 18 percent to 51 percent.Decades of poaching appear to have made tusklessness more beneficial from an evolutionary perspective in Gorongosa, encouraging the rapid increase of tuskless females with mutation

42、s (变异) in two tooth genes, researchers report in Science.“The rapid killing of tusked individuals changed the makeup of features in the elephant population in only two decades, leaving behind more tuskless individuals,” say evolutionary biologist Shane Campbell-Staton and his colleagues. “The tuskle

43、ss feature is heritable (可继承的), and the evolutionary change in the population may stick around for several generations at least, even as poaching eases.”The team also analyzed the genetic instruction books of 18 tusked and tuskless females, zeroing in on two genes with mutations in tuskless females.

44、 “In humans, the influence of one of those genes can cause tooth fragility and the absence of a pair of upper teeth at the front of their mouth,” Campbell-Staton says, “Abnormalities in the other genes protein product can cause incorrect formation of the tooth root and tooth loss.”Hunting “changing

45、the course of evolution” in Gorongosas elephants, Campbell-Staton says, can have profound effects through the ecosystem given elephants dramatic impact on their surroundings. “Tusks are not just decorative. They serve a purpose,” he says, detailing how elephants use tusks to dig for water and strip

46、tree bark for food. “If an elephant doesnt have the tool to do those things, then what happens?”12. Which of the following is true according to the study?A. Ivory hunters killed elephants for their tusks.B. Elephants lost their tusks due to natural evolution.C. Hunting affects the number and appeara

47、nce of elephants.D. Human activities brought about great changes to the ecosystem.13. What does the underlined word “plummeted” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Decreased.B. Increased.C. Remained stable.D. Became Unpredictable.14. What do we know about the tuskless elephants?A. They have the same gen

48、es as the tusked.B. Their tuskless feature can be passed down.C. Their tuskless feature doesnt exist in males.D. They have a biological advantage over the tusked.15. Why does Campbell-Staton mention the example of human teeth?A. To explain the cause of gene mutations.B. To show the impact of mutated

49、 tooth genes.C. To raise humans awareness of protecting teeth.D. To call for actions to protect tuskless elephants.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人类捕猎行为影响象群进化，无牙象群体越来越庞大。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“When ivory hunters target elephants, the hunters can affect more than just animal numbers. In Mo

50、zambique, past hunting pressure led to an increase of naturally tuskless (无长牙的) elephants in one park, a study finds.”（象牙捕猎者捕猎象群，对象群带来的影响不仅仅是体现在数量上。研究发现，在莫桑比克，先前的捕猎行为导致一个公园里自然无牙大象的数量增加。）可知，捕猎不仅会影响象群数量，还导致自然无牙象越来越多，即捕猎会影响大象的数量和外观。故选C项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子的前一句“This caused the number of these large

51、animals to drop more than 90 percent in the countrys Gorongosa National Park.”（这导致莫桑比克的戈龙戈萨国家公园大象数量减少了90%。），捕猎导致大象数量下降。此处“as elephant numbers plummeted”承接前文提到大象数量下降，所以“plummeted”应指“（数量）下降，减少”。A. Decreased减少；B. Increased增加；C. Remained stable保持稳定；D. Became Unpredictable变得不可预测。则A项“Decreased”与“plummeted

52、”意思一致。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段Shane Campbell-Staton和及其同事说的“The tuskless feature is heritable (可继承的), and the evolutionary change in the population may stick around for several generations at least, even as poaching eases.”（无牙特征是可继承的，而且即使偷猎现象有所缓解，种群进化的这种改变可能至少也会持续几代。）可知，大象的无牙特征是可以遗传给下一代的。故选B项。【15题详解】推

53、理判断题。根据第五段的“In humans, the influence of one of those genes can cause tooth fragility and the absence of a pair of upper teeth at the front of their mouth,” Campbell-Staton says, “Abnormalities in the other genes protein product can cause incorrect formation of the tooth root and tooth loss.”（Campbel

54、l Staton表示：“人类其中一个牙齿基因的影响会导致牙齿变得脆弱，口腔前部缺少一对上牙。另一个基因蛋白质产物发生异常，会导致牙根形成不当和牙齿脱落。）可知，Campbell Staton提到人类牙齿的例子，指出了牙齿基因突变会产生不好的影响。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you suffer from low energy? Is it difficult to get out of bed in the morning? Do your head and stomach

55、 ache? If so, you could be experiencing job burnout. _16_ 77% of workers surveyed by Deloitte said they had experienced burnout. And 90% of those said that stress had negatively impacted their work.Burnout is dangerous. It can lead to mental and physical tiredness, a loss of identity, and feeling a

56、lack of achievement, they harm the body over time. Do you want to get out of this state? _17_One way you can help relieve burnout is by practicing communication. Be clear about what youre feeling, and if you are being overworked, discuss it with your managers or coworkers. _18_ Taking time off is al

57、so a good idea.While self-care is a tendency these days, it will not cure burnout. _19_ Their support and cooperation can make you feel better. Another alternative is taking part in regular physical activities to get your mind off work._20_ A study cited by The New York Times found that doctors who

58、made time for entertainments were less likely to experience burnout than those who didnt. A few ideas for relaxing activities can be yoga, meditation (冥想), or mindfulness.A. Finally, make time to do things you love.B. As a matter of fact, you are not alone.C. Lastly, be sure to reflect as often as y

59、ou can.D. Burnout can also develop along with anxiety.E. Read on to discover how to deal with it effectively.F. Provide them with ideas that would help lighten burnout in the office.G. What can help address the problem is to see a doctor or meet with friends.【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. A【解析】【导语】

60、本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了职业倦怠的危害，同时也介绍了缓解职业倦怠的方法，如进行沟通、体育锻炼、瑜伽以及冥想等。【16题详解】根据后文“77% of workers surveyed by Deloitte said they had experienced burnout. And 90% of those said that stress had negatively impacted their work.(德勤(Deloitte)调查的员工中，77%的人说他们曾经历过倦怠。其中90%的人表示，压力对他们的工作产生了负面影响)”可知，职业倦怠的现象并非个例，很多人都出现了这样的情况。B

61、项“As a matter of fact, you arent alone. (事实上，你并不孤单)”该项提到出现职业倦怠的情况并不是个例，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选B。【17题详解】前文提到“Do you want to get out of this state? (你想摆脱这样的情况吗？)”以及后文中“One way you can help relieve burnout is by practicing communication. (缓解倦怠的一个方法就是练习沟通)”，同时后文中还提到了如运动、瑜伽、冥想等帮助缓解职业倦怠的方法。由此判断，该段需衔接后文中提到的缓解职业倦

62、怠的方法。E项“Read on to discover how to deal with it effectively. (继续往下读，看看如何有效地应对它)”该项引出后文中缓解职业倦怠的方法，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选E。【18题详解】根据前文“Be clear about what youre feeling, and if you are being overworked, discuss it with your supervisor or coworkers. (清楚你的感受，如果你工作过度，和你的上司或同事讨论一下)”可知，职业倦怠经常发生在办公室内。F项“Provide

63、them with ideas that would help lighten burnout in the office. (为他们提供一些可以帮助减轻工作倦怠的想法)”符合语境，该项中“in the office(在办公室)”呼应上文的提到“supervisor(上司)”和“coworkers(同事)”，该项讲述缓解办公室内产生的职业倦怠的方式。故选F。【19题详解】根据前文“While self-care is trending these days, it will not cure burnout. (虽然自我护理是当今的趋势，但它并不能治愈倦怠)”以及后文中“Their suppo

64、rt and cooperation can make you feel better. (他们的支持和合作会让你感觉更好)”可知，职业倦怠并不能通过自己护理得到治愈，而需要通过其他方面的帮助来恢复。G项“What can help address the problem is to see a doctor or meet with friends. (看医生或见朋友可以帮助解决这个问题)”该项提到可以通过寻求医生和朋友的被帮助来解决职业倦怠的问题。承上启下，符合文意。故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“A study cited by The New York Times found that

65、 surgeons who made time for recreational activities were less likely to experience burnout than those who didnt. A few ideas for relaxing activities can be yoga, meditation, or mindfulness. (纽约时报援引的一项研究发现，花时间进行娱乐活动的外科医生比那些不这样做的人更不容易感到疲劳。一些放松的活动可以是瑜伽、冥想或正念)”可知，该段讲述了其他一些可以缓解职业倦怠的方法。A项“Finally, make ti

66、me to do things you love. (最后，腾出时间做你喜欢的事情)”符合语境，说明抽时间做喜欢的缓解压力的活动，引出下文的方法的介绍。故选A。第二部分 语言运用共两节，满分30分第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sylvia was mad at her work team after trying to get them to finish a job tha was due that day. “Im always the one doing all the work,” she s

67、aid. “And then the team gets the_21_even the people who dont do anything. Its really not_22_.”British psychologist Melanie Klein told her that theres something that_23_the feeling: self-centeredness. Looking at the experience in a less self-centered way can help you manage it_24_. What you should do

68、 is step back to see things from a_25_angle, one in which we are not at the center. In fact, you might think you already do that and take pride in never being unkind or_26_another person.When Sylvia took herself out of the_27_, she found some of her teammates were quite_28_and inexpericnced. Maybe t

69、hey were afraid they wouldnt be good enough to_29_some of the tasks. She began experimenting with ways to_30_their strengths and at the same time to help them do_31_they could be good at. Team projects_32_, as did team spirit; and within a year, she was_33_and made a team leader.Taking yourself out

70、of the spotlight (聚光灯) isnt always easy._34_, it is a great way to take proper responsibility without bccoming_35_.21. A. ideaB. jobC. praiseD. skill22. A. badB. enoughC. smoothD. fair23. A. results inB. gets overC. wipes outD. adds to24. A. carefullyB. bitterlyC. easilyD. personally25. A. saferB. f

71、unnierC. strangerD. wider26. A. controllingB. hurtingC. refusingD. helping27. A. stressB. fightC. centerD. anger28. A. youngB. energeticC. daringD. brilliant29. A. groupB. obtainC. listD. shoulder30. A. testB. supportC. ignoreD. reject31. A. workB. researchC. exercisesD. sports32. A. matteredB. impr

72、ovedC. failedD. changed33. A. punishedB. imitatedC. promotedD. persuaded34. A. ThereforeB. MeanwhileC. InsteadD. However35. A. annoyedB. shockedC. surprisedD. embarrassed【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sylvia以自我为中心，感觉

73、团队里的工作都是她一个人完成的，其它人只是坐享其成，她很生气。但在心理学家梅勒妮克莱因帮助下，她开始调整心态，并主动支持队友的优势，并让他们做自己擅长的工作。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后团队得到了表扬，即使是那些什么都没做的人。这真的不公平。A. idea想法；B. job工作；C. praise表扬，赞美；D. skill技巧。根据上文“Im always the one doing all the work”和句中“And then the team gets”可推知，Sylvia抱怨说自己一个人完成所有工作，但团队得到表扬。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意

74、：然后团队得到了表扬，即使是那些什么都没做的人。这真的不公平。A. bad坏的；B. enough充足的；C. smooth光滑的；D. fair公平的。根据上文“Im always the one doing all the work”和“And then the team gets the1even the people who dont do anything.”可知，Sylvia感觉团队里的工作都是她一个人完成的，同时其它人坐享其成，跟着受表扬，所以这不公平。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：英国心理学家梅勒妮克莱因告诉她，有一些东西导致了这种感觉：自我中心。A. res

75、ults in导致；B. gets over克服；C. wipes out消灭；D. adds to加入。根据句中“British psychologist Melanie Klein”可推知，心理学家在帮助Sylvia分析原因，找是什么导致了她有这种感受。故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：用一种不那么以自我为中心的方式来看待这段经历可以帮助你更容易地管理它。A. carefully小心地，仔细地；B. bitterly愤怒地，痛苦地；C. easily容易地；D. personally就个人而言。根据句中“Looking at the experience in a less

76、self-centered way can help you”可知，心理学家梅勒妮克莱因提出了专业的建议，让她更容易管理自己的感受。故选C项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你应该做的是退一步，从一个更广阔的角度看问题，一个我们不是在中心的角度。A. safer更安全；B. funnier更有趣的；C. stranger更奇怪的；D. wider宽的，广阔的。根据上文可知，心理学家梅勒妮克莱因指出Sylvia产生那些想法的原因是“self-centeredness”，即“以自我为中心”；心理学家提出新的看问题的方式“angle, one in which we are not at t

77、he center”，即“一个不以我们为中心的角度”，与之前“以自我为中心”相比较而言，这一角度不狭隘，是一种更为广阔的角度。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，你可能认为你已经这样做了，并为从未不友善或伤害别人而自豪。A. controlling控制；B. hurting伤害；C. refusing拒绝；D. helping帮助。根据句中“unkind”可知，此处指对人不友好或伤害别人。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Sylvia从自我中心中走出来时，她发现她的一些队友相当年轻，缺乏经验。A. stress精神压力；B. fight与作斗争；C. cen

78、ter中心；D. anger愤怒。根据最后一段“Taking yourself out of the spotlight (聚光灯) isnt always easy.”可知，此处指Sylvia从以自我为中心走出来后，对队友有了新的发现，能够理解他们的行为了。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Sylvia从愤怒中走出来时，她发现她的一些队友相当年轻，缺乏经验。A. young年轻的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. daring勇于冒险的；D. brilliant巧妙的。根据句中“inexpericnced”可推辞，她的一些队友年轻，缺乏经验。故选A项。【29题详解】

79、考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许他们担心自己不够好，无法承担一些任务。A. group聚集；B. obtain得到；C. list列清单；D. shoulder承担。根据上文“inexpericnced”和句中“they were afraid they wouldnt be good enough”可知，Sylvia的队友因年轻且缺乏经验，担心自己不够好，无法承担任务。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始尝试各种方法来支持他们的优势，同时帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。A. test测验；B. support支持；C. ignore忽视；D. reject拒绝。根据下文“and at

80、 the same time to help them ”推知，Sylvia支持同事的优势。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始尝试各种方法来测试他们的优势，同时帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。A. work工作；B. research工作；C. exercises练习题；D. sports运动。根据句中“their strengths”和“they could be good at”可知，发现队友的优势后，会帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队项目得到提高，团队精神得到提升；不到一年，她就升职了，成为了团队领导。A. mattered要紧

81、；B. improved提高；C. failed失败；D. changed改变。根据上文可知，Sylvia不再生气和抱怨，开始帮助队友找到优势，并让他们做自己擅长的工作，所以团队的项目得到提高。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队项目得到提高，团队精神得到提升；不到一年，她就升职了，成为了团队领导。A. punished惩罚；B. imitated模仿；C. promoted升职，晋升；D. persuaded说服。根据句中“made a team leader”可知，Sylvia晋升了。故选C项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个很好的方式来承担适当的责任而

82、不生气。A. Therefore因此；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Instead反而；D. However然而。上文“Taking yourself out of the spotlight (聚光灯) isnt always easy”说远离聚光灯，不再以自我为中心并不容易，下文“it is a great way”说它的好处，上下文之间是转折关系。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个很好的方式来承担适当的责任而不生气。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. shocked吃惊的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“

83、Sylvia was mad at her work team after trying to get them to finish a job tha was due that day.”可知，Sylvia之前以自我为中心，所以生团队的气，但现在她不再以自我为中心，远离了“聚光灯”，这会让她不那么生气恼怒。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。For more than 50 years, anyone buying or renting a house could look up how vulnerabl

84、e(易受攻击的) _36_ is to flooding. But for wildfire risk, homeowners were mostly in the dark.Even with thousands of homes_37_ (destroy) by wildfires every year, most homeowners _38_move receive little or no information about the risk they re taking on.Now, _39_non-profit research group is releasing a fir

85、st of its kind tool for homeowners. Produced by First Street Foundation, the rating tool shows the wildfire risk for; properties across the lower 48 states, and shows how that risk will change as the climate gets hotter. The information will be shown on Realtor. com, expanding to other real estate(不

86、动产) sites later.The information fills a gap left by government. Only a handful of states _40_ (map) where communities are most at risk to wildfire so far. Federal maps from the US Forest Service arent meant_41_ (use) for individual properties._42_ (know) about wildfire risk may not necessarily dissu

87、ade(劝阻) buyers, _43_ (especial) where housing is in short supply. But wildfire experts say that there are many_44_ (step) homeowners can still take to make their homes safer, like cutting down the trees next_45_the houses and using fire-resistant building materials.【答案】36. it 37. destroyed 38. who#t

88、hat 39. a 40. have mapped 41. to be used 42. Knowing 43. especially 44. steps 45. to【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。50多年来，任何购买或租赁房屋的人都会发现房屋在洪水面前有多么脆弱。但对于野火风险，房主们大多不知情。现在，一个非盈利研究小组正在为房主发布第一个此类工具，显示野火风险；该信息将显示网站，之后扩展到其他房地产网站。【36题详解】考查人称代词。句意：50多年来，任何购买或租赁房屋的人都会发现房屋在洪水面前有多么脆弱。分析句子可知，空格处应填入人称代词作宾语从句“how vulnerable(易受攻

89、击的) _1_ is to flooding”的主语，该代词代指上文的名词house，故应用it。故填it。37题详解】考查过去分词。句意：尽管每年都有成千上万的房屋被野火摧毁，但大多数搬家的房主很少或根本没有收到关于他们所面临风险的信息。分析句子可知，空格处应使用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，构成“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。宾语thousands of homes与动词destroy构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词。故填destroyed。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是限制性定语从句。先行词是most homeowners，指人，且关系词在定语从句中作

90、主语，故用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：现在，一个非盈利研究小组正在为房主发布第一个此类工具。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。根据句意，此处指“一个非盈利研究小组”，应用不定冠词。non-profit读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。【40题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，只有少数几个州绘制了社区遭受野火风险最大的地图。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时。map作动词时意为“绘制地图”，主语a handful of states与动词map构成逻辑上的主谓关系。故填have ma

91、pped。【41题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：美国森林局的联邦地图不适用于个人财产。be meant to do是固定结构，意为“注定要；本应该，必须”。主语Federal maps与use构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用动词不定式的被动结构。故填to be used。【42题详解】考查动名词。句意：对野火风险的了解可能不一定会劝阻购房者，尤其是在住房短缺的情况下。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动名词作主语，置于句首首字母应大写。故填Knowing。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。especial的副词形式为especially，意为“尤其；特别”。故填e

92、specially。【44题详解】考查名词的数。句意：但野火专家表示，房主仍然可以采取许多措施来让他们的房子更安全，比如砍伐房屋旁边的树木，使用防火建筑材料。根据空格前的many可知，空格处应填入名词复数形式。故填steps。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：同上。next to意为“在旁边”，符合句意。故填to。第三部分 写作共两节，满分40分第一节(满分15分)46. 假设你是李华，为了培养学生的灾害应急处理能力，你校将邀请专家就灾害逃生进行演讲。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的英国朋友Jim参加。内容包括：演讲时间、地点；演讲内容；询问意向。注意：词数80左右。_【答案】Dear Jim,Our s

93、chool will invite an expert to deliver a speech about ways of escaping from a disaster. Id like to invite you to take part.The speech will take place in the school hall at 8 next Monday morning. It mainly involves how to avoid harm when disasters like a landslide, a typhoon or a blizzard happen. Bes

94、ides, ways of rescuing oneself or others in an emergency will also be provided. This will help improve our capabilities of escaping from a disaster.I wonder if you can come and join us.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件，邀请英国朋友Jim参加有关灾害逃生的演讲。【详解】1.词汇积累发表讲话：deliver a speech give a speech参与：take

95、 part participate举行：take place be held改善：improve strengthen2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Besides, ways of rescuing oneself or others in an emergency will also be provided. This will help improve our capabilities of escaping from a disaster.拓展句：Besides, ways of rescuing oneself or others in an emergency will also

96、be provided, which will help improve our capabilities of escaping from a disaster.【点睛】【高分句型1】It mainly involves how to avoid harm when disasters like a landslide, a typhoon or a blizzard happen. (使用了when引导的时间状语从句)【高分句型2】Besides, ways of rescuing oneself or others in an emergency will also be provide

97、d. (使用了动名词充当宾语)第二节(满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。Jackson did not feel good so he stayed at home from school today. He did not like to be sick. It was no fun at all. He got out of his bed and walked into his brothers bedroom. Carter, his brother, loved cars. He had them a

98、ll over his room. Jackson touched one of the black tires. He wished Carter was home. Carter liked to talk about the model cars as he was putting them together.Jackson left Carters room and walked down the hall to the room his twin sisters shared. Ella liked wearing pretty clothes and Madison liked r

99、iding her horse. Ella decorated the wall behind her bed with pictures of girls in fancy clothes. A big poster of a horse was on the wall behind Madisons bed. Jackson turned and walked back out of the room.He walked back down the hall and into his little sisters room. Sophie was the youngest kid in t

100、he family. She loved to dance and you could sure tell that from looking at her room. A big poster of a ballerina(芭蕾舞女演员)was over the dresser. She was wearing a funny pink outfit with a special skirt. Sophie told him what the dress was called, but he couldnt remember right now.As he stood there, tryi

101、ng to remember what it was called, he realized all of his brother and sisters rooms looked like the things they loved. Carter had cars in his room, Ella fashion, Madison horses, and Sophie ballet. Jackson wondered what his room said about him. He walked back down the hall and stood in the doorway of

102、 his room.注意:1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Paragraph 1:Jackson asked his mom why his room looked different from the others._Paragraph 2:“A person doesnt have to like just one thing. Some people, like you, are just curious about everything ,” his mom said._【答案】Paragraph 1:Jackson asked his mom wh

103、y his room looked different from the others. His room was completely in a mess. There was a race track, a plastic hat that was part of a magic trick set and a couple of plastic dinosaurs. Some clean clothes were stacked. Feeling a bit upset, Jackson turned to his mother. “You can tell what they like

104、 just by looking at their rooms. Carter loves cars, Ella loves clothes, and Madison loves horses. But look at my room. It looks like I dont like anything!”Paragraph 2“A person doesnt have to like just one thing. Some people, like you, are just curious about everything,” his mom said. “Looking around

105、 your room tells me that you like to race cars, build things, do magic and youre even interested in dinosaurs. Curiosity is part of human nature. Good thinkers are excited by new ideas and are eager to explore and investigate them. You are a great boy! Im proud of you!” Hearing moms words, Jackson s

106、howed his gratitude as a big smile spread across his face.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了杰克逊感觉身体不适，待在家里不去上学，他在家里走遍了兄弟姐妹的房间，发现只有自己的房间是乱糟糟的，好像自己什么都不喜欢，感到很沮丧，最后在妈妈的开导下，重新露出了笑容的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“杰克逊问他的妈妈为什么他的房间看起来和其他人的不一样。”可知，第一段可描写杰克逊房间的样貌并向妈妈倾诉自己不开心的原因。由第二段首句内容“妈妈说：“一个人不必只喜欢一件事。有些人，像你一样，对一切都很好奇。”可知，第二段可描写

107、妈妈开导杰克逊，杰克逊意识到自己的特殊，露出了笑容。2.续写线索：房间模样 向妈妈倾诉 妈妈开导 好奇心的好处 杰克逊露出笑容3.词汇激活行为类区别：tell/distinguish调查：investigate/research成堆：stack/pile up情绪类难过：upset/sad感激：gratitude/appreciation【点睛】【高分句型1】Feeling a bit upset, Jackson turned to his mother. (使用了现在分词充当原因状语)【高分句型2】Hearing moms words, Jackson showed his gratitude as a big smile spread across his face. (使用了现在分词充当时间状语，以及as引导的时间状语从句)