2021版英语全能大一轮复习人教版话题语篇专攻练 十四　ASTRONOMY THE SCIENCE OF THE STARS WORD版含解析.doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。话题语篇专攻练 十四必修3Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars(限时35分钟). 阅读理解AFor your next out-of-this-world vacation, you now have the option of literally going out of this worldbut itll cost you $ 40 million. Then again, can you really put a pr

2、ice tag on having the time of your life? According to a new report from Popular Mechanics, Russia is looking to build a luxury hotel in outer space. There you will wake up to a breathtaking blue planetthe earth! The hotel is expected to be stationed on the International Space Station (ISS). While sp

3、ace tourism itself isnt exactly a novel idea, the notion of building a hotel out there hasnt been raised before. Really, other companies are still focused on the transportation part of the puzzle after all, a trip to space is enough for most folks. According to Popular Mechanics, the hotel will incl

4、ude a luxury orbital suite with big windows, personal hygiene (卫生) facilities, exercise equipment, and yes, WiFi. Because if you cant share your experience on social media, did it really even happen? Of course, the reasons behind the hotel arent just for fun and games. Apparently, space tourism migh

5、t be able to help the Russians pay for another module to add to the international Space Station. Russian space contractor RKK Energia is currently building the first such module, which will give scientists a laboratory and power supply station from which to conduct tests. If any of this is going to

6、happen, however, Russia is going to have to hurry. With the ISS expected to be out of use in 2028, theres little time to build the hotel and find wealthy tourists to actually buy a trip into outer space. So if youve recently come into a fortune and are interested in investing in what could be the ti

7、me of your life, ISS is calling your name. 【文章大意】本文讲述的是“太空旅行”。1. What do we know about the hotel from the first paragraph? A. It is quite affordable. B. It will be built in Russia. C. It will offer an amazing view. D. It costs $ 40 million to build. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中There you will wake up to a bre

8、athtaking blue planetthe earth! 可知, 它将提供令人惊讶的景色。故选C。2. What does the underlined phrase “the puzzle” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. An orbital suite. B. Space tourism. C. Space exploration. D. A creative idea. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第二段中While space tourism itself isnt exactly a novel idea, the notion of buildin

9、g a hotel out there hasnt been raised before. Really, other companies are still focused on the transportation part of the puzzleafter all, a trip to space is enough for most folks. 可知, “the puzzle”指的是“太空旅游”, 故选B。3. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. Hotel guests wont be able to see into space

10、. B. Visitors are required to take exercise each day. C. Space travel is not possible without the Internet. D. Tourists tend to share traveling experiences online. 【解析】 选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中Because if you cant share your experience on social media, did it really even happen? 可知, 游客们倾向于在网上分享旅行经历。4. The hot

11、el will be built to provide Russian scientists with _. A. fun and gamesB. financial supportC. space contractorsD. more time in space【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中Apparently, space tourism might be able to help the Russians pay for another module to add to the international Space Station. 可知, 该酒店将为俄罗斯科学家提供资金支持。

12、故选B。【知识拓展】难句解读Russian space contractor RKK Energia is currently building the first such module, which will give scientists a laboratory and power supply station from which to conduct tests. 翻译: 俄国航空承包商RKK Energia最近正在建这样的航空舱, 这座航空舱将给科学家提供实验室和给实验提供能源的供应站。分析: 本句中which will give scientists a laboratory

13、and power supply station from which to conduct tests为定语从句修饰the first such module, 在定语从句中from which to conduct tests也是定语从句修饰前面的power supply station。BSince at least 2010, famous physicist Stephen Hawking has spoken publicly about his fears that an advanced alien civilization would have no problem dest

14、roying the human race the way a human might wipe out an ants nest. Scientists currently have no idea what alien life-forms might look like, or how they might respond to contact from human civilization. “Such advanced aliens would perhaps conquer new planet for material to build more spaceships so th

15、ey could move on. ” Hawking said in 2010. “We dont know much about aliens, but we know about humans. If you look at history, contacts between civilizations have gone badly for the less advanced. Aliens that can receive our messages could be billions of years ahead of us. If so, they will be more pow

16、erful, and may not see us as any more valuable than we see bacteria. ”Ann Druyan, CEO of Cosmos Studios, seemed much more hopeful about the nature of an advanced alien civilization and the future of humanity. “We may get to a period in our future where we become less violent, ” Druyan said at the me

17、dia event. “My hope is that alien civilizations are not only more technologically developed than we are but more aware of the value and preciousness of life in the universe. ”Jill Tarter, former director of the Center for SETI also has expressed different opinions from Hawkings. “I respectfully disa

18、gree, ” Tarter said, “If aliens were to come here, it would be simply to explore. Considering the age of the universe, we probably wouldnt be the first civilization they visited, either. ”“If aliens were able to visit Earth, that would mean they would have technological abilities advanced enough not

19、 to need slaves, food or other planets, ” she added. 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道, 关于著名物理学家霍金生前表达对人类与外星人沟通的担忧。5. According to Stephen Hawking, why would an alien civilization destroy the human race? A. To protect ants nests. B. To destroy harmful bacteria. C. To contact other civilizations. D. To make sure their

20、 space travel. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。文章提到霍金预测aliens would perhaps conquer new planet for material to build more spaceships, 外星人需要征服别的星球来保证星际航行所需的资源及能源, 故选D。6. Which of the following best describes Stephen Hawkings attitude towards human beings contacting aliens? A. Ambitious. B. Cautious. C. Enthusiastic. D.

21、 Shocked. 【解析】选B。观点态度题。霍金根据人类文明发展史得出结论, 高度发达的外星人可能会摧毁人类文明, 因此他对于和外星人的接触持谨慎态度。7. What did Ann Druyan expect of the future? A. Aliens would become more violent. B. Aliens would turn human beings into slaves. C. Human beings would be safe when aliens come. D. Human beings would be more advanced than al

22、iens. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。Ann Druyan说道, My hope is that. . . are but more aware of the value and preciousness of life in the universe, 她希望人类会越来越爱好和平, 而外星人会珍惜宇宙中的生命, 人类会和外星人相安无事。8. What was Jill Tarters opinion about aliens? A. If aliens were to come, they would be old-aged. B. If aliens visited us, they wo

23、uld conquer our planet. C. When aliens come, they bring slaves, food for human beings. D. Before aliens visited us, they may have met other civilizations. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。Jill Tarter认为we probably wouldnt be the first civilization they visited, 外星人在漫长的宇宙探索中, 地球可能不是第一个他们造访的带有生命的星球。. 完形填空Abby Harris has a

24、 dream. But unlike most ordinary 15-year-old girls, Abbys dream has 1 to do with expensive shopping, meeting her 2 boy bands or throwing huge parties with her friends. This US teenager wants to be the 3 astronaut to walk on Mars. And shes using the 4 of social media to make sure that she gets there.

25、 According to Abbys Internet blog, Astronaut Abby, she has wanted to be a(n) 5 since she was 5 years old. She 6 more in the post People Say Im A Dreamer: “When youre young and you have that big a dream, most people just 7 you. But I stuck with it. I made plans, I worked hard and I 8 on my goal. As I

26、 got older and continued to stay focused on science, technology, engineering and math(STEM), people in my life(my family, friends, teachers), began to notice and 9 me to dream big. I had huge ambitions, and was 10 to have people around me telling me that I could achieve them. In the seventh grade, A

27、bby 11 a Twitter account as part of a history project she was doing on the International Space Station. She 12 wanted to use Twitter to get in touch with NASA employees, but soon she found that it was a 13 place for her to write about her dreams, connect with others who have interest in space and 14

28、 pictures of projects that she was working on. Her connections on Twitter then 15 her to create her website and blog, Astronaut Abby, located at astronautabby. com. Several years ago, Abby 16 Italian astronaut Luca Parmitano at an airport and 17 him into becoming her mentor(导师). Abby is obviously do

29、ing everything she can to make her 18 a reality. Want to help her along? You can visit her 19 to learn more about this amazing girl and her 20 dream. 【文章大意】本文主要讲了一个女孩在五岁的时候就梦想着成为一名宇航员并且去火星, 最开始别人对她的梦想没有在意, 后来亲戚朋友都坚信她的梦想能够实现, 她为了梦想不停地努力。这篇文章告诉我们有了梦想就要坚持, 相信坚持就能成功。1. A. somethingB. nothingC. everythin

30、gD. anything【解析】选B。推理判断题。通过后文可知小女孩想去火星, 而不是去奢侈购物, have nothing to do with 与无关。2. A. bestB. topC. favoriteD. worst【解析】选C。词义辨析题。best最好的; top顶端的; favorite 最喜欢的; worst最差的。句意: 和最喜欢的乐队男孩见面。3. A. firstB. lastC. youngestD. oldest【解析】选A。推理判断题。通过上下文可知小女孩想成为第一个去火星的宇航员。4. A. energyB. abilityC. strengthD. power【

31、解析】选D。词义辨析题。energy能量, 精力; ability能力; strength力气; power力量。句意: 她正在利用媒体的力量到达那儿。5. A. bloggerB. astronautC. dreamerD. star【解析】选B。上下照应题。根据上文This US teenager wants to be the _astronaut to walk on Mars. 可知, 自从她五岁时就想成为一名宇航员。6. A. arguesB. agreesC. explainsD. explores【解析】选C。词义辨析题。argue争论; agree同意; explain解释;

32、 explore探索。句意: 她在邮件中解释了更多。7. A. believeB. blameC. praiseD. ignore【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。通过后文But I stuck with it. 可知当你那样小却有那样大的一个梦想, 大多数人都会忽略你。8. A. tookB. focusedC. countedD. lived【解析】选B。固定搭配题。句意: 我做计划, 我努力学习, 集中于目标。focus on“集中于, 专注于”, 为固定短语。9. A. pushedB. preventedC. encouragedD. discouraged【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。push

33、推; prevent阻止; encourage鼓励; discourage丧失勇气。句意: 人们开始注意到并且鼓励我。10. A. anxiousB. confidentC. determinedD. fortunate【解析】选D。词义辨析题。anxious焦虑的; confident自信的; determined有决心的; fortunate幸运的。句意: 我有大的志向, 很幸运我周围的人都告诉我能实现梦想。11. A. set upB. built upC. made upD. took up【解析】选A。词义辨析题。set up创立; build up建造; make up制成; ta

34、ke up从事。句意: 在七年级的时候, Abby创建了一个Twitter账号作为她正在做的关于国际空间站的历史项目的一部分。12. A. rapidlyB. originallyC. rarelyD. finally【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。rapidly快速地; originally最初地; rarely稀有地; finally最终地。这里的意思是: 她最初想用Twitter和NASA的雇员联系。13. A. comfortableB. realC. greatD. quiet【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知此处指的是小女孩不久发现这是写她的梦想、和其他对太空感兴趣的人联系的一个好

35、地方。14. A. shareB. drawC. takeD. stick【解析】选A。词义辨析题。share分享; draw绘画; take拿; stick粘贴。这里指的是和他人分享她正在进行的项目的图片。15. A. persuadedB. stoppedC. madeD. helped【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据语境可知她在Twitter上的联系帮助她创造了她的网站和博客。16. A. came afterB. came acrossC. came intoD. came at【解析】选B。词义辨析题。come after紧跟; come across 碰巧遇到; come into进

36、来; come at袭击, 得到。句意: 几年前, 艾比在机场碰巧遇到了意大利的宇航员Luca。17. A. talkedB. forcedC. trappedD. fooled【解析】选A。固定搭配题。talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事。这里指的是说服他成为自己的导师。18. A. planB. mediaC. dreamD. life【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。句意: 艾比在做着每一件能使她的梦想实现的事情。19. A. websiteB. homeC. schoolD. city【解析】选A。上下照应题。根据上文create her website and b

37、log可知此处是登录她的网站。20. A. awesomeB. absurdC. awkwardD. awful【解析】选A。词义辨析题。awesome令人敬畏的, 极好的; absurd荒谬的; awkward尴尬的; awful可怕的。这里指的是她那了不起的梦想。【知识拓展】如何成为美国宇航员在美国, 要想成为宇航员, 首先要通过一系列严格的体检, 然后进入约翰逊空间中心接受两年的训练。美国的宇航员分成两种: 航天驾驶员和任务专家。约翰逊中心每两年招收一次宇航员候选人。要成为宇航员候选人必须有美国国籍(任务专家中也有来自国外的宇航员); 并拥有正规院校的工程学、生物学、物理学、医学、地理学

38、或是数学等学科的学士以上学位; 必须会游泳; 身高要在1. 62米至1. 93米之间; 要成为航天驾驶员还必须有至少1 000个小时的飞行经验, 有试飞经验更佳。. 语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Found First Evidence of Planets Outside the Milky WayIt is common these 1. _ (day)to hear about the discovery of new planets orbiting(绕轨道运行) some distant stars. But so far all of th

39、ose planets have been in our galaxy(星系), 2. _ is known as the Milky Way. Now, astrophysicists from the University of Oklahoma have reported, for 3. _ first time, evidence of much more distant planets wandering through a galaxy some 3. 8 billion light years away. “This is the first time that we 4. _

40、(discover ) planets outside our galaxy, said Xinyu Dai at the University of Oklahoma. Dai and Eduardo Guerras, a postdoctoral researcher, studied data 5. _ (gather) by NASAs Chandra X-ray Observatory. From their data, they believe they have found evidence of at least 2, 000 planets, 6. _ (range)from

41、 the mass of the Moon to that of Jupiter. These planets are moving through the galaxy or 7. _ (loose )orbiting between stars. The results of their study 8. _ (publish ) in the journal The Astrophysical Journal Letters. “This galaxy is located 3. 8 billion light years away, and there is not the 9. _

42、(slight) chance of observing these planets directly, not even with the best telescope one can imagine in a science fiction story, ” Dai said. “However, we are able to study them and even have an idea 10. _ their mass. This is very cool science. ”【文章大意】本文为新闻报道, 主要围绕人类首次发现银河系外行星来展开。1. 【解析】days。考查名词复数。

43、根据空前的these可知, 此处要用day的复数形式。2. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空处所填词引导一个非限制性定语从句, 先行词为 our galaxy, 关系词在从句中作主语, 应用 which。3. 【解析】the。考查冠词。for the first time是固定搭配, 意为“第一次”。4. 【解析】have discovered。考查时态和语态。在This/It is the first (second, third. . . ) time that. . . 句型中, that引导的从句常用现在完成时。且we与 discover为主动关系, 应填hav

44、e discovered。5. 【解析】gathered。考查非谓语动词。空处所填词作后置定语, gather与data之间是被动关系, 该动作已完成, 应用过去分词。6. 【解析】ranging。考查非谓语动词。空处应填非谓语动词。 planets与 range之间是主动关系, 且此处非谓语动词表示被修饰事物长久的特征, 应用现在分词作定语。7. 【解析】loosely。考查副词。所填词修饰现在分词orbiting, 应用副词loosely。8. 【解析】were published。考查谓语动词。此处描述过去的事实, 要用一般过去时; 主语与publish之间是被动关系, 故谓语动词用被动语态; 主语的中心词是results, 故谓语动词要用复数形式, 所以此处填were published。9. 【解析】slightest。考查形容词的等级。根据语境和空前的the及空后的best可知, 此处用形容词的最高级。10. 【解析】of。考查介词。have an idea of表示 “了解”, 是固定搭配。关闭Word文档返回原板块