高中英语语法——过去分词作状语（32张PPT）.ppt

1、过去分词作状语的用法过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语修饰谓语动词，可以表示_、_、_、_、_或_等，在意义上相当于状语从句。时间原因条件让步行为方式伴随情况Find out sentences using V-pp as the adverbial in the text.1.Worried about the journey,I was unsettled for the first few days.As I was worried about the journey,I was unsettled3.Hit by the lack of fresh air,my head ached.Be

2、cause I was hit by the lack of fresh air,my head ached.4.Exhausted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.As I was exhausted,I slid into bed and.2.Well-known for their expertise,his parents company,called“Future Tours”,transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.Since his parents company w

3、as well-known for1.过去分词作时间状语1.Seen under a microscope,a fresh snowflake has a delicate（精美的）shape.When it is seen under a microscope,a fresh snowflake（雪花）has a delicate shape.2.Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks like a big garden.When it is seen from the top of the hill,the city looksAsked

4、many times,he began to feel bored.After he was asked many times,he began to注意：可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等来强调过去分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。1.When it is heated,ice will be changed into water.When heated,ice will be changed into water.Exhausted,the children fell asleep at once.Caught in a heavy rain,he

5、was wet to the skin.=As they were exhausted,the children fell=Because he was caught in a heavy rain,he was表示原因，相当于由as,since,或because引导的原因状语从句.2.表示原因3.表示条件Heated,water changes into steam.Given another chance,he will do better.表示条件,相当于if,unless引导的条件状语从句=If it is heated,water changes into steam.=If he

6、is given another chance,he will do better.4.表示让步1.Laughed at by many people,he continued his study.2.Badly wounded,he continued to fight.表示让步，相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句.Though he was laughed at by many people,he continued his study.Though he was badly wounded,he continued to fight.5.表示方式或伴随1.The ol

7、d man entered the meeting room,supported by a young fellow.=The old man entered the meeting room and was supported by a young fellow.2.She was in tears as if deeply moved by the moving film.=She was in tears as if she was deeply moved by the moving film.过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，相当于一个并列分句，没有相应的从句可替换.The film

8、star appeared,surrounded by a group of fans.=The film star appeared and was surrounded by a group of fans.1._(use)in this way,the word shouldnt be taken as a verb.2._(arm)with special guns,knives and brushes,two space walking astronauts practiced fixing the spacecraft.3.Though _(catch)in a traffic j

9、am,we managed to arrive at the airport.4.Susan is not easy to get along with.But once _(gain),her friendship will last forever.UsedArmedcaughtgained用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。过去分词作状语需要注意的几个问题1.当被问到为什么迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。Asked why she was late,her face went red.Asked why she was late,she went red in the face.2.小偷如果被抓，会

10、受到警方的惩罚。If caught,the police will punish the thief.If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.1.过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致另外,分词作状语时,如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时,需要独立主格结构或 with复合结构来替代。(1)The signal given,the bus started.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。（the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。）(2)She went by with

11、 her head held high.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。（held high 是with 后宾语 her head 的补足语）2.过去分词的独立主格结构3.某些分词的固定结构不考虑与主语的一致关系.有些分词已成为固定结构，在词性上已转化为介词，使用时应按固定结构对待，不必考虑他们与主语之间的关系。常见的有以下几种：judging by/from 根据判断；由断定provided/providing(that)假如，倘若；在条件下；除非given 倘若；假定1.Judging by/from his accent,he must be from the south.从他的口音判断

12、，他一定是南方人。2.I will agree to go provided/providing(that)my expenses are paid.假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。3.Given good weather,our ship will reach Shanghai this evening.假如天气好，我们的船将于今晚抵达上海。4.“连词过去分词”作状语过去分词有时可以与连词构成“连词过去分词”结构作状语。实际上就是状语从句的省略现象。这些连词有：when,once,if,unless,though,as if,although,even if,even though,than,

13、as 等。1.He will come if invited.=He will come if he is invited.2.When asked about it,he could hardly hold back his feelings.=When he was asked about it,he could hardly hold back his feelings.每当有人问及此事，他就难以控制自己的感情。5.过去分词作状语时不表被动或完成意义的情况有些过去分词已形容词化，来源于系表结构，作状语时已看不出被动或完成意义。如:(be)lost in 沉湎于(be)seated 坐(b

14、e)born 出身于(be)dressed in 穿着(be)interested in 感兴趣(be)tired of 厌烦(be)worried about 担心1.Dressed in white,the bride looks more beautiful.穿着一身白色衣服，新娘看起来更漂亮2.Tired of listening to music,she began to watch TV.由于听累了音乐，他开始看电视。3.Absorbed in deep thought,he didnt hear the sound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。6.过去分词作状语时的

15、位置过去分词作状语，多放在句首；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开；有时插在句子中间。1.Seen from the hill,the city looks magnificent.从山上看，这座城市非常壮观。2.They came in,followed by their wives and children.他们进来了，夫人和孩子们紧随其后。3.Tom,horrified at what he had done,could say nothing.汤姆由于对他做的事感到恐惧，一时说不出话来。7.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别1）现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成

16、主动关系。Seeing from the top of the tower,we can get a wonderful view of our city.2）过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成被动关系。Seen from the top of the tower,our city looks more beautiful.3)不定式作状语，一般表示目的。To get a wonderful view of our city,we climbed to the top of the tower.Practice1.Once _,a word becomes a promise.

17、2.Once _,water cannot be taken back again.3._ by the beautiful scenery,I forgot to go back home in time.impress;pour;speakA.覆水难收B.流连忘返C.一言既出,驷马难追spokenpouredImpressedC B A 1.用所给词的适当形式填空，并与A-C的汉语翻译相匹配。1._(see)from the top of the hill,the city looks beautiful to us.2._(give)time,hell make a first clas

18、s tennis player.3._(look)out of the window,I found many children playing on the playground.4._(give)more time,Ill finish my work on time.SeenGivenLooking2.用所给词的适当形式填空。Given5.Compared with _(develop)countries,we still have a long way to go.6.The English teacher entered the room,_(follow)by his studen

19、ts.7.The teaching buildings _(build)in 1960 need repairing.8.I found my school bag _(leave)in Marys room.developedfollowedbuiltleft3.Rewrite with proper conjunctions.1.United we stand,divided we fail.If we are united,we will stand,but if we aredivided,we will fail.2.Asked what had happened,he told u

20、s about it.When he was asked what had happened,he told us about it.3.Well known for his expert advice,he received many invitations to give lectures.Because he was well known for his expert advice,he received many invitations to give lectures.4.用过去分词作状语来改写句子。1.As I was worried about the journey,I was

21、 unsettled for the first few days._,I was unsettled for the first few days.2.If he is given time,hell make a first-class tennis player._,hell make a first-class tennis player.Worried about the journeyGiven time3.As I was confused by the new surroundings,I was hit by the lack of fresh air._,I was hit

22、 by the lack of fresh air.Confused by the new surroundings1.Since/As she was given advice by the famous detective,the young lady was no longer afraid.5.Change the following clauses into the V-PP.=Given advice by the famous detective,the young lady was no longer afraid.2.Because it was done in a hurr

23、y,his homework was full of mistakes.=Done in a hurry,his homework was full of mistakes.3.When it is heated,ice will be changed into water.=When heated,ice will be changed into water.4.When it is seen under a microscope,a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.=Seen under a microscope,a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.5.If I am compared with you,we still have a long way to go.=The hunter left his house,followed by his dog.=Compared with you,we still have along way to go.6.The hunter left his house,and he was followed by his dog.