[31531757]攻略09 动词时态-备战2022年中考英语语法重难考点梳理与提分攻略(通用版).doc

1、备战2022年中考英语语法重难考点梳理与提分攻略(通用版)09 动词时态【知识图解】【考点梳理】考点一 一般现在时的用法谓语形式do/does例句用法表示经常的或习惯性的动作He often gets up at six every day. 表示现在的状态My father is at work. 表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征Does he speak English? Yes, he does. /No, he doesnt. 表示客观事实和普遍真理The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 表示计划安排好的将来动作The plane

2、takes off at eleven oclock in the morning. 用在时间、条件状语从句中If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go to the park. 时间状语always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, twice a week, today, in the morning, on Sunday【特别提示1】一般现在时用法歌诀用好一般现在时, 时间状语需牢记。主语人称是三单, 动词要把-s/-es添。基本用法要记清, 状语习惯经常性。客观真理和能力, 有时还表将来时。考点二 现在进行时的用法

3、谓语形式am/is/are+ 现在分词例句用法表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作Look, Im watching TV at home. 表示当前一直或反复在进行的动作They are learning English in the summer holiday. 与always, forever等词连用表示赞扬、厌恶或不满等情感You are always thinking of your work. 时间状语now, today, these days 等【拓展迁移】1. 表示位置移动的动词。如: come, go, arrive, leave 等。它们的现在进行时可表示将来。如: Be c

4、areful, the train is coming. 小心, 火车就要来了。2. 若一个句子以look, listen等祈使语气的动词开头, 常用进行时。如: Listen! The boys are reading English. 听! 那些男孩在读英语。考点三 一般过去时的用法谓语形式did例句用法过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态What did you have for breakfast this morning? I had a bowl of noodles. 说话时已不复存在的情况I didnt know I lost my pen. 描述过去发生的一连串动作Just now

5、 Bob turned off the light, closed the door and left. 时间状语yesterday, the day before yesterday, last night, then, at that time, several days ago等。以及由after, before, when引导的表示过去的时间状语从句【特别提示2】 行为动词的一般过去时用法歌诀一般过去时, 过去发生的事; 过去时间作标记, 谓语要用过去式; 否定句, 很简单, 主语之后didnt添。疑问构成有特点, did加在主语前, 后面的动词要还原。考点四 过去进行时的用法谓语形式

6、was/were +现在分词例句用法过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作What were you doing at nine last night? I was watching TV. 描述故事情节, 使故事变得生动精彩The children were leaving school on Tuesday when they saw a truck. 时间状语at the time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday, just then, yesterday morning, when引导的时间状语从句等考点五 一般将来时的用法谓语形式wil

7、l/shall/be going to+动词原形例句用法将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态We will not be free until 7: 30 pm. 表示将来经常或反复发生的动作I will come to see you every weekend. 有迹象表示某事要发生, 多用be going toI am afraid its going to rain. 表示计划、打算做某事, 多用be going toHe is going to see his uncle next Sunday. 时间状语tomorrow, next month, in a few days, on

8、e day, when和 after等引导的时间状语从句【拓展迁移】下列几种将来时, 一般用 will而不用be going to。(1)带有意愿色彩的将来时。(2)问对方意愿或表示客气的邀请或命令时。(3)有时间、条件状语从句的复合句中。考点六 现在完成时的用法谓语形式have/has+ 过去分词例句用法表示过去已开始, 持续到现在乃至将来的动作I have worked at this school for 20 years. 表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果She has lost her pen. have been in + 地点, 表示在某地待过多久They ha

9、ve been in Beijing for 10 years. have been to + 地点, 表示曾经到过某地(去了, 已经回来了)They have been to Beijing twice. have gone to + 地点, 表示到某地去了(去了, 还未回来)They have gone to Beijing. 时间状语already, yet, just, ever, before, so far, since then, “since + 时间点”, “for +一段时间”等【拓展迁移】1. “终止”“延续”相转换“瞬间动词”, 必须转换为意思相近的延续性动词, 才能与

10、表示“一段时间”的状语连用。如: begin/startbe on; borrow keep; buy have /own等。I have kept that book for one month. 2. “点”“段”时间须分清在与since和for短语连用时, since 后面跟“时间点”, for后面跟“一段时间”。考点七 过去完成时的用法谓语形式had+过去分词例句用法表示在过去的过去发生的动作或存在的状态She had left by the time I arrived. 表示从过去某一时间持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态He had lived in Shanghai for ten

11、 years before he came here. 表示过去未能实现的希望或愿望I had hoped to see you, but there was no time at that time. 时间状语two days, as soon as, already, yet, never, hardly, by+表过去的时间点, before 从句, when从句 【拓展迁移】过去完成时以过去时间为基点, 更强调“过去的过去”, 只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时, 才用到它。【图解】过去的过去过去 现在【真题再现】一、一般现在时()1. (2021北京中考)Lily, what do yo

12、u usually do after school? I_exercise with my friends. A. do B. did C. will do D. was doing ()2. (2021绥化中考)She will fly to Haikou as soon as she_ the task. A. finishB. finishesC. finished()3. (2021乐山中考)Whats your plan for the summer holiday? Ill go to Chengdu as soon as the school term _. A. endB. e

13、ndsC. will end()4. (2021贺州中考)I dont know if Lucy _to Jacks party next Sunday. If she _, so will I. A. goes; goesB. will go; will goC. goes; will goD. will go; goes()5. (2021凉山中考)I often see Peters father play basketball on my way to school. Thats not strange. Not only Peter but also his father _spor

14、ts. A. enjoyB. enjoysC. enjoyed D. was enjoyed二、一般过去时()1. (2021北京中考)My parents and I_trees last Sunday. A. plant B. will plantC. are planting D. planted()2. (2020武汉中考) Sally _where she had left the car and the police found it this morning. A. forgot B. has forgotten C. forgetsD. had forgotten()3. (2

15、020海南中考) Eric often _his aunt before he moved to the city. A. has visitedB. visitsC. visited三、现在进行时()1. (2021海南中考) Jerry, can you give me a hand? Just a minute, I _an e-mail. A. have sentB. am sendingC. was sending()2. (2021北京中考)Peter, what are you doing? Oh, I_a report about national heroes. A. wil

16、l writeB. am writingC. wroteD. have written()3. (2021抚顺中考)The classroom is so quiet. Yes, all the students_for the final exam. A. prepareB. preparedC. will prepareD. are preparing()4. (2021湖南株洲中考)Look! All the students _English poems. Please take a photo for the parents. A.are readingB. have readC.

17、read四、现在完成时()1. (2021南京中考)I saw Julia in April and I _her since then. A. dont seeB. didnt seeC. wont seeD. havent seen()2. (2021青海中考)I lost my cellphone in the shopping mall yesterday. Why not go to the Lost and Found? They _one. A. found B. have found C. had found()3. (2021北京中考)Mr Smith_Chinese for

18、 two years. Hes much better at it now. A. learnsB. was learning C. has learned D. will learn()4. (2021乐山中考)Alex, go and clean your bedroom. 一I_it. Its tidy and clean now. A. have cleanedB. cleanedC. clean五、一般将来时()1. (2021铜仁中考)Has your father come back yet? No. He_ come back _this Sunday. A. doesnt;

19、untilB. wont; afterC. doesnt; afterD. wont; until()2. (2021吉林中考)Mr Green _a new bike for his daughter tomorrow. A. buysB. boughtC. will buy()3. (2021北京中考)Could you please tell me_? Next Thursday morning. A. when we visited the Capital MuseumB. when did we visit the Capital MuseumC. when we will visi

20、t the Capital MuseumD. when will we visit the Capital Museum()4. (2021达州中考) I wonder if Li Hua _to the hospital to receive COVID-19 vaccinations (疫苗接种). Im sure he will if he _time. A. goes; will haveB. will go; hasC. will go; will haveD. goes; has六、过去进行时()1. (2021呼和浩特中考)Did you see Dorothy? She jus

21、t came back from abroad. Yes. But she _someone, so I nodded to her and went away. A. phonesB. is phoningC. was phoningD. has phoned()2. (2021滨州中考)Do you know where your brother is, Mark? Sorry. I _about a question and didnt hear what you had said. A. was thinkingB will thinkC. am thinkingD. was thou

22、ght()3. (2021河北中考) I saw Bob in the garden. He _flowers there. A. waters B. has wateredC. is wateringD. was watering七、过去完成时()1. (2020绥化中考) By the time the teacher came, we _cleaning the classroom. A. finished B. have finished C. had finished()2. (2020武汉中考改编) Sally forgot where she _the car and the p

23、olice found it this morning. A. leftB. would leaveC. has leftD. had left【参考答案】一、ABBDB二、DAC三、BBDA四、DBCA五、DCCB六、CADCD【提分攻略】一、动词填空的四个暗示和两个确定: （一）四个暗示1. 时间状语暗示。如出现yesterday要用过去式; 如有now则用一般现在时或现在进行时; 2. 语言情景暗示。如出现Look, Listen可判断动作正在发生, 用现在进行时; 3. 上下文暗示。(如1、5)4. 前后动词暗示。由并列连词and, but, or等连接的句子, 可根据前后动词的时态一

24、致来确定。（二）两个确定1. 确定语态。主要看主语与谓语的关系; 2. 确定时态。分简单句和复合句两种: (1)对简单句, 主要靠上面的“四个暗示”来确定。(2)对复合句, 主要是把握“两个”原则: “主将从现原则”。在含条件状语从句或时间状语从句的主从复合句中, 主句为将来时, 从句用一般现在时。“时态一致原则”。在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中, 当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时, 从句的谓语动词需用相应的某种过去时态(表示客观真理时用一般现在时); 主句时态为现在时态, 从句时态可根据具体情况而定。二、现在完成时用法英语现在完成时, 谓语结构要牢记; “have/has+过去分词”, 主要用法有

25、两个; 动作发生在过去, 结果影响到现在; 常用just, already, 过去的动作或状态; 一直延续到现在, for和since把时间带。三、一般将来时的构成形式肯定式: 主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他. I will buy a new car. 我将买一辆新汽车。否定式: 主语+wont/shall not+动词原形+其他. I wont buy a new car. 我将不买一辆新汽车。疑问式: Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他? Will you buy a new car? 你将买一辆新汽车吗? 【特别提示3】一般将来时用法歌诀一般将来时, 将要发生事。谓

26、语不一般, will加动原。要变一般疑问句, will放在主语前。否定句也不难, will后面not添。四、过去进行时的构成形式肯定式: 主语+ was/were+现在分词+其他. 否定式: 主语+wasnt/werent+现在分词+其他. I wasnt doing my homework at eight last night. 昨天晚上八点钟我没在做家庭作业。疑问式: Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其他? Was it snowing last night? 昨晚一直在下雪吗? 【提分专练】1. Sam, what do you sometimes do on Saturday? I

27、 _ exercise with my cousins.A. didB. will doC. doD. am doing2. My sister Mary _ French for three years. She is much better at it now.A. learnedB. learnsC. will learnD. has learned3. What did you do last weekend?I _ Universal Studios Beijing (环球影城) with my friends.A. visitB. were visitingC. visitedD.

28、 have visited4. Sam, where is your brother?He _ his friend in the study now.A. calledB. callsC. is callingD. will call5. Excuse me, is it my turn to enter the doctors office now?Not yet. Please wait here until your name _.A. callsB. will be calledC. is calledD. is calling6. Toms handwriting is the b

29、est in the class, his teacher _ this. A. take pride inB. take part inC. takes pride inD. takes part in7. She used to _ a bus to school, but now she is used to _ to school.A. taking; walkB. take; walkC. taking; walkingD. take; walking8. I dont know if Eric _ this Sunday. If he _ here, I will call you

30、 at once.A. will come; will comeB. come; comesC. comes; will comeD. will come; comes9. The teacher tells us that P.E will be more and more important in the Entrance Examination for the high school (中考).Dont worry. Nothing will be difficult if more attention _ to them.A. is paidB. will be paidC. will

31、 payD. pays10. There _ a noisy factory here, but now it has changed into a beautiful park. How lucky you are to live here!A. used to haveB. used to beC. was used to haveD. was used to be11. It is 4:30 p.m. Ben and Leon _ their work, so they are playing chess now.A. are finishingB. have finishedC. wi

32、ll finishD. finished12. Both of his parents look sad. Maybe they _ whats happened to him.A. knewB. have knownC. had knownD. will know13. I didnt see Amy today. She is ill. She _ in hospital since Monday.A. isB. wasC. will beD. has been14. Our Physics teacher once told us that light _ faster than sou

33、nd.A. travelsB. travellingC. travelledD. travel15. Could you tell me _ a meeting in Guangzhou next week?A. if is there going to beB. if there is going to haveC. if there was going to beD. if there is going to be16. How does Jack usually go to school?He _ ride a bike, but now he _ there to lose weigh

34、t.A. used to; is used to walkB. was used to; is used to walkingC. used to; is used to walkingD. was used to; used to walk17. Tom lives near school, so he usually _ to school.A. walkB. walkedC. walksD. is walking18. I _ dinner when Jim telephoned me yesterday evening.A. am havingB. hadC. haveD. was h

35、aving19. What would your teacher like to drink? He _ Coke, but now he _ tea.A. used to drink; is used to drinkingB. used to drinking; drinksC. is used to drinking; used to drinkD. is used to drink; is drinking20. I hear that a roster (公鸡) _ on the ground _ that he _ an egg yesterday.What a joke!A. l

36、ying; lied; laidB. laying; lay; lainC. lying; laid; layD. laying; lied; lain21. Leys go hiking if it _ fine tomorrow. But nobody knows if it _.A. is; rainsB. will be; rainsC. is; will rainD. will be; will rain22. Look! Someone _ up the classroom. Yes. Its very clean now. But who did it?A. is cleanin

37、gB. cleansC. has cleanedD. will clean23. The teacher told us that light _ faster than sound.A. traveledB. travelingC. travelsD. travel24. What did you do last night? I _ a report in the office.A. wroteB. writeC. will writeD. have written 25. Has Alice gone to Hong Kong?Not yet. But I know she _ her

38、holiday there in a month.A. spendsB. was spendingC. has spentD. is going to spend26. Do you know there _ a football match in five days?Yes, I have bought the ticket.A. will beB. isC. has beenD. was27. Since we began to use the Internet, our lives _ a lot.A. changeB. had changedC. will changeD. have

39、changed28. John _ off the tree while he _ up it. Im sorry to hear that.A. fell; was climbingB. was falling; was climbingC. was falling; climbedD. has fallen; was climbing29. Dont give up, Ben. If you keep on trying, you _ progress soon.A. makeB. madeC. will makeD. are making30. Mr. Smith _ in an ani

40、mal hospital since 2008.A. worksB. workedC. will workD. has worked31. Phew! Have you been smoking again? Your breath smells terrible. Well, I _ a cigarette in the car on the way home.A. have hadB. will haveC. was havingD. had32. I cant find my keys!Dont panic. Lets review where you _ it last time.A.

41、 usedB. have usedC. useD. had used33. Could you tell me _?A. how many students are there in your class.B. when will you leave for BeijingC. who has taken my red pen.D. how long that film started.34. The professor _ his hometown for many years.A. has been toB. has gone awayC. has been away fromD. has

42、 left35. Jack _ his hands in class very often when he was a student.A. raisesB. raisedC. roseD. rises36. Wheres your brother? I want to borrow his i-pad. He _ his car in the garden. You can find him there.A. will washB. washesC. is washingD. has washed37. Alice, dont _ on the floor. I am sorry, Mum.

43、 Look! The old hen is _ eggs.A. lay; layingB. lie; layC. lay; lieD. lie; laying38. If you _ another chance next time, can you do it better, Tom? Thats for sure. Believe in me!A. giveB. will giveC. are givenD. will be given39. Only a little of the Old Summer Palace(圆明园) _ after the big fire. What a p

44、ity!A. remainsB. is remainedC. is remainingD. will be remain40. Dad, I couldnt turn on my computer yesterday but I have to use it today. Oh, I _ it. You can work on it now.A. will fixB. am fixingC. fixedD. have fixed41. Remember the first time we met, Jim?Of course I do. You _with Mr. Huang at the s

45、chool gate.A. are talkingB. were talkingC. will talkD. talked参考答案1. C【解析】句意：山姆，你周六有时候会做什么？我和我的堂兄弟们一起锻炼。考查一般现在时。根据问句“what do you sometimes do on Saturday”可知，问句时态为一般现在时，回答时也应使用一般现在时，所以使用do。故选C。2. D【解析】句意：我妹妹玛丽学法语已经三年了。她现在更擅长了。考查时态。根据“for three years”可知，句子要用现在完成时，结构是“have/has+过去分词”，故选D。3. C【解析】句意：上周末你做

46、了什么？我和朋友们参观了北京环球影城。考查时态。根据“What did you do last weekend?”可知，回答应用一般过去时，动词用过去式；故选C。4. C【解析】句意：萨姆，你哥哥呢？他正在书房给他的朋友打电话呢。考查动词时态。根据now和上文正在找人，可知此处用现在进行时表示“正做某事”，结构为be doing，故选C。5. C【解析】句意：对不起，现在轮到我去看医生了吗？还没有。请在这里等候，直到有人叫你的名字。考查时态语态。句子主语“your name”与动词call之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，此处是until引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”的原则，空处所在的从

47、句应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。6. C【解析】句意：汤姆的书法在班上是最好的，他的老师以此自豪。考查动词短语辨析。take pride in以自豪；take part in参加。根据“Toms handwriting is the best in the class”可知此处指老师以此自豪，根据主语是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故选C。7. D【解析】句意：她过去常乘公共汽车上学，但现在她习惯步行上学。考查动词短语。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事” ，可知空格1填动词原形，排除A和C；be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，可知空格2

48、填动名词，排除B；故选D。8. D【解析】句意：我不知道Eric这个星期天是否会来。如果他来了，我马上给你打电话。考查时态。第一句是宾语从句，根据宾语从句“主现从不限”的原则，结合时间状语“ this Sunday”可知，空格1用一般将来时，所以排除B和C；第二句是if引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”的原则，可知空格2用一般现在时，排除A；故选D。9. A【解析】句意：老师告诉我们体育在高中入学考试中会越来越重要。别担心。如果多加注意，没有什么困难的。考查被动语态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，需用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态；从句主语more attention是单数第三人称，又是动词p

49、ay的承受者，需用被动语态，即is paid结构；根据句意语境，故选A。10. B【解析】句意：这儿过去有一个很吵闹的工厂，但是现在它已经变成一个漂亮的公园。你住在这里有多幸运啊！考查there be句型。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to do sth.被用来做某事。根据“but now”可知，此处表达的是“这里过去有一个吵闹的工厂”，故要用used to do sth.，排除C、D项；再根据“There a noisy factory here”可知，此句为there be结构，there be结构不与have连用。故选B。11. B【解析】句意：现在是下午

50、4:30。Ben和Leon已经完成了他们的工作，所以他们现在正在下棋。考查动词时态。根据“so they are playing chess now”可知，强调过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，故选B。12. B【解析】句意：他的父母看起来都很伤心。也许他们已经知道他出了什么事。 考查动词时态。knew是know的过去式；have known现在完成时；had known过去完成时；will know一般将来时。根据语境“Both of his parents look sad”可知，这里强调过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时态。故选B。13. D【解析】句意：我今

51、天没见到艾米。她病了。她从星期一起一直住院。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“since Monday（从星期一起）”可知，“住院”这个状态从过去一直持续到现在，所以该句时态应用现在完成时，其构成为“have/has done”。故选D。14. A【解析】句意：我们的物理老师曾经告诉我们光比声音传播快。考查时态和主谓一致。travel旅行；此处表示光比声音传播快，是客观事实，宾语从句是客观事实或真理时，谓语动词用一般现在时， 此处主语light是第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故选A。15. D【解析】句意：你能告诉我下周广州是否有一个会议吗？考查宾语从句。there be句型表

52、示在某时或某地有某人或某物；have表示某人或某物拥有某物；根据“in Guangzhou next week”可知，此处用there be句型，排除B项，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A项；根据时间状语next week可知，此处用一般将来时，故选D。16. C【解析】句意：Jack通常怎样去上学？他过去骑自行车去上学，但是现在为了减肥他习惯了走路去。考查谓语动词。walk是动词，意为“步行”；used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to do sth.被用来做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯于某事。根据“He.ride a bike, but now h

53、e.there to lose weight”中前后转折关系可知，这里表示“过去骑车，现在习惯于走路”。故选C。17. C【解析】句意：汤姆住在学校附近，所以他通常步行上学。考查时态。根据usually可知频度副词是一般现在时的标志，且主语为he，故填第三人称单数形式。故选C。18. D【解析】句意：昨天晚上吉姆打电话给我时，我正在吃晚饭。考查过去进行时。根据“when Jim telephoned me yesterday evening”可知“昨天晚上吉姆打电话给我时”是过去的具体时间，用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。故选D。19. A【解析】句意：你的老师想喝点什么？他

54、过去常喝可乐，但现在他习惯喝茶了。考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知此处是现在和过去的对照，短语used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”；短语be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”。第一空是过去喝咖啡，用used to drink Coke，第二空是习惯喝茶，用be used to drinking tea，主语是he，be动词用is，故选A。20. A【解析】句意：我听说一个公鸡躺在地上谎称他昨天下了个蛋。真是个笑话！考查lie和lay的用法。lie“撒谎”，过去式是lied；lie“躺”，现在分词形式为lying；lay“下蛋”，过去式为laid。根据句意第一空应填

55、“躺着”，排除BD选项；第二空应填“撒谎”，排除C选项，故选A。21. C【解析】句意：如果明天天气好，我们就去远足。但是没有人知道是否下雨。考查if引导条件状语从句和宾语从句。第一空，根据情境可知，if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，应该使用主将从现，所以应该填is；第二空，根据情境可知，if表示“是否”，且应该使用一般将来时。故选C。22. C【解析】句意：看！有人已经打扫了教室。是的。现在教室非常干净。但是是谁干的呢？考查动词的时态。根据“Its very clean now”可知教室已经打扫过了，此处强调现在的状态，所以用现在完成时态，其结构为：have/has+动词过去分词，主语是复

56、合不定代词，看作单数，故选C。23. C【解析】句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播的快很多。考查动词时态。travel是动词，意为“旅行，传播”；宾语从句阐述的是科学事实，用一般现在时。主语light是不可数名词，动词用第三人称单数。故选C。24. A【解析】句意：你昨晚做了什么？我在办公室写了一份报告。考查一般过去时。wrote写，write的过去式；write写，动词原形；will write将要写，应用于一般将来时态；have written已经写了，应用于现在完成时态。通过“last night”可知，答句的时态为一般过去时，write的过去式为wrote。故选A。25. D【解析】句意：

57、爱丽丝去香港了吗？现在还没有。但是我知道她一个月后要去那里度假。考查动词时态。根据“in a month一个月后”可知，此处为一般将来时，使用be going to do打算做。主语为she，be动词使用is。故选D。26. A【解析】句意：你知道五天后有一场足球赛吗？知道，我已经买了票。考查一般将来时。根据“in five days”可知，五天后是将来时，there will be将会有。故选A。27. D【解析】句意：自从我们开始使用互联网，我们的生活改变了很多。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语从句“SincewebegantousetheInternet”可知，主句应用现在完成时，其结构为h

58、ave/has+动词过去分词，主语为复数形式，助动词用have，故选D。28. A【解析】句意：约翰在爬树的时候从树上摔了下来。听到这个消息我很难过。考查动词时态。fall off跌落；climb up攀爬。while用于表示主句从句两个同时进行的动作，本句陈述过去的事情，结合题干，可知John掉下来是在爬树的过程中，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。故选A。29. C【解析】句意：别放弃，本。如果你继续努力，你很快就会进步的。考查if引导的条件状语从句。make制作（动词原形）；made制作（make的过去式或过去分词）；will make制作（make的一般将来时结构）；are maki

59、ng制作（make的现在进行时结构）。根据句意可知，本题考查if引导的条件状语从句，如果主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。空格所在句为主句，应该用一般将来时。故选C。30. D【解析】句意：史密斯先生自2008年以来一直在一家动物医院工作。考查动词时态辨析。分析句子可知，since 2008表示“自从2008年以来”，是一段持续至今的时间，句子需用现在完成时；结合选项，故选D。31. D【解析】句意：Phew！你又抽烟了吗？你的口气很难闻。对，在回家的路上，我在车上抽了支烟。考查动词时态。根据“Your breath smells terrible.你的口气很难闻。”可知，此处指在回家的路

60、上，我在车上抽了支烟。为一般过去时，使用动词的过去式。故选D。32. A【解析】句意：我找不到我的钥匙了！不要恐慌。让我们回顾一下上次你在哪里用的钥匙。考查时态。根据last time可知，此句是过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故选A。33. C【解析】句意：你能告诉我谁拿走了我的红色钢笔吗？考查宾语从句。how many students are there in your class你班里有多少学生；when will you leave for Beijing你什么时候去北京；who has taken my red pen谁拿走了我的红色钢笔；how long that film star

61、ted形式错误，用when。根据句子结构可知，空格处是一个宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，先排除A和B；D选项中started是瞬间性动词，不能与一段时间连用，也可以排除。故选C。34. C【解析】句意：那位教授已经离开家乡很多年了。考查延续性动词。for+一段时间要与延续性动词连用，has been to，has gone away和has left都是短暂性动词，故选C。35. B【解析】句意：杰克还是学生时，在课堂上经常举手。考查动词辨析和动词时态。raises提高，及物动词；raised提高，及物动词；rose上升，不及物动词；rises上升，不及物动词。根据“his hands”可知，

62、空后有名词，此处应用及物动词，排除CD选项；又由“when he was a student”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故选B。36. C【解析】句意：你的哥哥在哪里？我想借他的ipad。他正在花园里洗车。你可以在那里找到他。考查动词时态。根据“Wheres your brother”可知，要找的人不在说话现场，空处应是指此时此刻正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时“be doing”。故选C。37. D【解析】juyi :爱丽丝，不要躺在地板上。对不起，妈妈。你看！这只老母鸡正在下蛋。考查动词辨析。lie躺；lay放置，下（蛋）。根据“on the floor”可知，第一空指，不要

63、躺在地上，dont后跟动词原形；第二空主语是The old hen，指老母鸡在下蛋，用现在分词，与空前的is一起构成现在进行时结构。故选D。38. C【解析】句意：Tom，如果下次给你机会，你能做得更好吗？这是肯定的。相信我！考查一般现在时被动语态。if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语you与动词give之间是被动关系，故此空应填一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。39. A【解析】句意：大火过后，圆明园只剩下一小部分。真遗憾！考查动词时态。remain是不及物动词，意为“剩下，遗留”，不用于进行时态也不用于被动语态，排除BC选项，本句使用一般现在时，D选项有误，排除，故选A。40. D【解析】句意：爸爸，昨天我没能打开我的电脑，但是今天我不得不使用它。哦，我已经把它修好了。现在你可以用它工作了。现在可以使用了，说明是已经修好了，应该用现在完成时态，故选D。41. B【解析】句意：吉姆，还记得我们第一次见面的时候吗？当然记得。你正在学校门口和黄老师谈话。考查过去进行时态。两个人第一次见面和谈话是同时进行的，且动作发生在过去，所以用过去进行时态，故选B。