广东省2021届高三普通高中学业质量联合测评英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、广东省2021届普通高中学业质量联合测评英语试卷本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分, 考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答题前, 先将自己的姓名、考号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在 答题卡上的指定位置。2. 选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写 在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3. 非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸 和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4. 考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分

2、37. 5分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANew Science Books in BriefVolume ControlBy David Owen | $18 23“ For a deaf child, having hearing parents can be a serious disadvantage, notes Owen in this sensitive study of hearing. He suffers from tinnitus. Combining the science with individual experiences,

3、 Owen discusses hearing aids, sign language, Thomas Edison and noise levels in US citiesall in absorbing detail.Reality Ahead of ScheduleBy Joel Levy | $29. 04This picture-packed book tours scientific advances sparked by ideas in science fiction. For example, Levy shows how H. G. Wells? s 1903 story

4、 The Land Ironclads inspired Winston Churchill to promote the development of the military tank. The title comes from a definition of sci-fi by Sydney Mead, an industrial designer widely known for his designs for science-fiction films.Jet StreamBy Tim Woollings | $32. 95The jet stream was discovered

5、in the 1920s. In this analysis of its complex influence on weather, Woollings relates how the Japanese used the jet stream to launch trans Pacific balloons in 1944. Today, the jet stream is very likely to be threatened by another product of human activity: rising carbon dioxide emissions.Adventures

6、of a Computational ExplorerBy Stephen Wolfram | $22. 46Stephen Wolfram, designer of the technical-computing system Mathematica, offers good stories in this collection of biographical essays. For example, he recalls himself as a six-year-old spotting a bitetaken out of the sun: a solar eclipse, somet

7、hing unknown to the other children.1. What can we learn from Volume Control?A. The science of hearing.B. Practical ways to cure tinnitus.C. Thomas Edisons great inventions.D. Winston Churchills great achievements.2. Who provided inspiration for the title of Reality Ahead of Schedule?A. Joel Levy.B.

8、H. G. Wells.C. Sydney Mead.D. Tim Woollings.3. How much should you pay if you want a book completely made up of real stories?A. $18. 23.B. $22. 46.C. $29. 04.D. $32. 95.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B【解析】本文是应用文。本文主要对四本科学类的新书进行了介绍和宣传, 包括每本书的作者、售价和内容简介。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Volume Control部分中“Combining the science with ind

9、ividual experiences, Owen discusses hearing aids, sign language, Thomas Edison and noise levels in US citiesall in absorbing detail.(结合科学和个人经验，欧文讨论了助听器、手语、托马斯爱迪生和美国城市的噪音水平所有的细节都引人入胜)”可知, Volume Control主要是关于听觉的科学研究。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Reality Ahead of Schedule 部分中“The title comes from a definition of s

10、ci-fi by Sydney Mead, an industrial designer widely known for his designs for science-fiction films.(这个名字来源于Sydney Mead对科幻的定义，他是一位以科幻电影设计而闻名的工业设计师)”可知, 书名的灵感来自Sydney Mead对科幻小说的定义。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Adventures of a Computational Explorer部分中“Stephen Wolfram, designer of the technical-computing system M

11、athematica, offers good stories in this collection of biographical essays.(技术计算系统Mathematica的设计师Stephen Wolfram在这本传记文集中提供了一些不错的故事)”以及“By Stephen Wolfram | $22. 46(作者：Stephen Wolfram |售价：22.46美元)”可知, Adventures of a Computational Explorer这本书里全是发生在作者Stephen Wolfram身上的真实故事, 符合题干中的a book completely made

12、 up of real stories这一要求，售价为22.46美元。故选B。BThe definition of community has evolved (升华)for me from childhood to the young adult I am now. My mom was born in America but both her parents were from the Bahamas. It was their culture to take care of the elderly and the sick. And my mom has taught me to be

13、caring to those around us because were all a part of the community , an extension of family.When I was 9 years old, my family moved to Cape Coral, Florida. Both mom and dad worked full-time, so they registered me to attend an after-school program at the Youth Center. Youth counselors (辅导员) would hel

14、p me with my homework and play games with me and this was where my interest took root. Community service started with me giving back at the Youth Center.Then illness struck at home. My grandmother had to have heart surgery and needed hospital treatment. This experience brought me to volunteer at Cap

15、e Coral Hospital. I asked if I could learn from the nurse how to give my grandma her medicine and it started here.I loved being at Cape Coral Hospital. I would bring paperwork to other doctors, bring food to the patients, and make sure the patients were attended. I would help direct visitors to see

16、patients. I would always tell what would cheer the patients up because I had built a relationship with them and their loved ones. I grew to feel the hospital was a part of my community.After volunteering at the Youth Center and at the Hospital, Ive learned that people become sort of an extended fami

17、ly when you care about them. Now I am more considerate of those close to me, neighbors and even strangers who share my resources.4. Who might be the first to expose the author to the sense of community?A. Counselors at the Youth Center.B. Nurses at Cape Coral Hospital.C. Her grandparents.D. Her moth

18、er.5. Why did the authors parents send her to the Youth Center?A. They were too busy to take care of her.B. They wanted her to do community service.C. The author couldnt finish her homework on her own.D. Becoming a counselor was the authors childhood dream.6 What did the author volunteer to do first

19、 at Cape Coral Hospital?A. Cheer the patients up.B. Bring food to the patients.C. Help direct visitors to see patients.D. Serve medicine to her grandmother.7. What is the best title for the text?A. I Love VolunteeringB. Community Is FamilyC. My Volunteer ExperiencesD. My Community and My Family【答案】4

20、. D 5. A 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。作者从小就受母亲的影响, 把自己当成社区的一部分。在Youth Center和Cape Coral Hospital做志愿工作的经历使作者对社区意识有了更深刻的理解。作者领悟到, 社区就是家的延伸。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“And my mom has taught me to be caring to those around us because were all a part of the “community”, an extension of family. ”（我妈妈教导我要关心我们周围的人，因为我

21、们都是“社区”的一部分，社区是家庭的延伸。）可知, 作者从小就受母亲的影响, 把自己当成社区的一部分。也就是说, 第一个使作者接触到社区意识的人是作者的母亲。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Both mom and dad worked full-time, so they registered me to attend an after-school program at the Youth Center. ”（爸爸妈妈都是全职工作，所以他们为我登记参加了青年中心的课外活动。）可知, 作者的父母将作者送到Youth Center是因为他们忙于工作而无法照顾作者。故选A。3.细节理解

22、题。根据第三段第三句“This experience brought me to volunteer at Cape Coral Hospital. I asked if I could learn from the nurse how to give my grandma her medicine and it started here. ”（这段经历让我成为了Cape Coral医院的志愿者。我问我是否可以从护士那里学习如何给我奶奶吃药，事情就从这里开始了。）可知, 作者在Cape Coral Hospital做的第一项志愿工作是喂奶奶吃药。故选D。4.主旨大意题。总结全文内容可知, 作者

23、主要讲述了自己从小受母亲的影响, 之后受在Youth Center 和Cape Coral Hospital做志愿工作的经历的影响, 对社区的理解和认识有了升华, 最后作者领悟到, 社区就是家的延伸。再结合第一段最后一句“And my mom has taught me to be caring to those around us because were all a part of the “community”, an extension of family. ”（我妈妈教导我要关心我们周围的人，因为我们都是“社区”的一部分，社区是家庭的延伸。）可知，本文的最佳标题可以为“社区就是家”。

24、故选B。CA team of conservationists (环境保护主义者)captured 14 Loa water frogs earlier this month in northern Chile, a wildlife group reported.The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists the Loa water frog as critically endangered. The not-for-profit Global Wildlife Conservation group said

25、 the 14 frogs were in poor condition when they were discovered in late June. The animals were small and struggling because of a lack of food and water.The Loa water frogs are known to live only in a single body of water near Calama, in Chile. The city sits in the middle of the Atacama Desert, where

26、water is in great demand.There was little water in the area where the frogs were found, the conservation group reported. The frogs environment had mostly dried up because water is being taken away and used for human activities, the group said. The activities include mining, agriculture and land deve

27、lopment. All of the frogs had been pushed into a tiny pool of muddy water, the organization said. The team collected the last 14 individuals and brought them to the National Zoo of Chile to start a conservation breeding program. Zoo specialists are closely watching the small creatures and trying to

28、give them everything they need to survive and be healthy. Conservation groups have called on Chiles government to take steps to halt any illegal water usage that threatens the frogs natural environment. They would also like to see creation of a government-supported shelter to protect the animals.Jon

29、 Paul Rodriguez heads the IUCNs Species Survival Commission. He suggested that an emergency plan be developed to prepare the Calama area for the frogs return.We need to work very hard to restore their environment because its pointless to breed them if they dont have a home to go back to in the wild,

30、 Rodriguez said.8. What do we know about the frogs when they were rescued?A. They were looking for food.B. They were in good condition.C. They were approaching death.D. They were moving for new water source.9. What has made these frogs endangered?A. Lack of water.B. Water pollution.C. Human hunting.

31、D. Extreme climate.10. What does the underlined word halt in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Improve.B. Increase.C. Change.D. Stop.11. What did Jon Paul Rodriguez suggest humans do for these frogs?A. Keep them healthy.B. Recover their home.C. Raise them in the shelter.D. Prevent them living in the wild.【答案】8. C

32、 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。野生动物保护人士表示, 他们拯救了一种高度濒危的青蛙, 这可能是世界上最后幸存下来的。本月早些时候, 一组环保人士在智利北部捕获了14只水蛙。它们极度缺水，状态令人堪忧。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句“The animals were small and struggling because of a lack of food and water”（由于缺少食物和水，这些动物体型很小，挣扎着生存。）可知, 这些获救的青蛙状况很差，几近死亡。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句“The frogs en

33、vironment had mostly dried up because water is being taken away and used for human activities.”（由于水被带走用于人类活动，青蛙的生存环境几乎已经干涸。）可知, 缺水使这种动物濒临灭绝，无法生存。故选A项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。由此处上文的“take steps to”（采取措施）和下文的“any illegal water usage that threatens the frogs natural environment”（任何威胁到青蛙自然环境的非法用水）可知, 环保组织呼吁智利政府采取措施

34、, 停止任何威胁这种青蛙自然环境的非法用水行为。由此可知，halt的意思是“停止”, 与stop是同义词。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段句子“We need to work very hard to restore their environment”（我们需要非常努力地恢复他们的栖息地）可知, Jon Paul Rodriguez建议我们恢复它们的栖息地。restore和recover都有“恢复”之意。故选B项。【点睛】DIf you think of pumpkins as an orange-colored squash thats carved as the key

35、 ingredient for holiday season pies, you wouldnt be wrong.But theres much more to pumpkins, which are full of nutrients that provide an impressive collection of health benefits, says Lisa Jones, a registered dietitian based in Philadelphia. Pumpkins may be good for carving, but theyre even better fo

36、r a variety of healthy nutrients, she says. “Pumpkins provide a diverse variety of nutritional benefits in addition to being an ingredient in pies or festival decoration.”The best part about pumpkin is that its so easy to work it into your daily food. When preparing various dishes, add pumpkin to th

37、ings like soups or bake with it in breads. There are so many things you can do with pumpkin beyond pumpkin pie. Pumpkins are seasonal, ripening in fall. But you can get pumpkin products, like canned puree or soup, in many stores throughout the year.Consuming pumpkin can help fight cancers, says Mahm

38、oud Ghannoum, professor and director in a medical center. Pumpkins have plenty of beta carotene, which is an antioxidant, playing an important role in protecting the body from cancers. Pumpkin is a good source of minerals, vitamin C and fiber, all of which are associated with heart health and keep y

39、our skin strong, healthy and, hopefully, wrinkle-free. The squash also contains a healthy amount of vitamin E, which helps reduce damage caused to your skin by ultraviolet light. Besides, the fiber in pumpkin can help you feel full which, in turn, boosts your odds of consuming healthy portions of fo

40、od. Every half-cup of cooked pumpkin provides about 3 grams of fiber. Pumpkins are also low in calories: a cup of cooked pumpkin contains about 50 calories, which helps with weight management.12. What does Lisa Jones think of pumpkin?A. It can be used in various western dishes.B. It is more than use

41、d in dishes or decoration.C. It is easy to carve pumpkin into diverse shapes.D. It suits people from diverse cultural backgrounds.13. Which of the following is the biggest advantage about pumpkin?A. It ripens in fall.B. It can be bought all over the year.C. It is not hard to add it to daily dishes.D

42、. It can be made into various products.14. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. The classification of pumpkin.B. The characteristics of pumpkin.C. Different ways to consume pumpkin.D. The potential benefits of consuming pumpkin.15. Where is the text most likely from?A. A review.B. A guideboo

43、k.C. A fiction.D. A website.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D【解析】本文是说明文。文章向我们介绍了南瓜的多种用途，以及其丰富的营养价值和对人体的好处。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Pumpkins may be good for carving, but theyre even better for a variety of healthy nutrients, she says. Pumpkins provide a diverse variety of nutritional benefits in addition to bei

44、ng an ingredient in pies or festival decoration.(她说，南瓜可能很适合雕刻，但它们更适合多种健康的营养。南瓜除了作为馅饼或节日装饰的原料外，还具有多种营养价值)”可知，Lisa Jones认为南瓜不仅仅只用于菜肴和装饰。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The best part about pumpkin is that its so easy to work it into your daily food.(南瓜最棒的地方是，很容易把它添加进你的日常食物中)”可知，南瓜最大的一个优势就是很容易把南瓜加到我们的日常食物中去。故选C

45、。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Consuming pumpkin can help fight cancers, says Mahmoud Ghannoum, professor and director in a medical center. Pumpkins have plenty of beta carotene, which is an antioxidant, playing an important role in protecting the body from cancers. Pumpkin is a good source of minerals, vitami

46、n C and fiber, all of which are associated with heart health and keep your skin strong, healthy and, hopefully, wrinkle-free. The squash also contains a healthy amount of vitamin E, which helps reduce damage caused to your skin by ultraviolet light. Besides, the fiber in pumpkin can help you feel fu

47、ll which, in turn, boosts your odds of consuming healthy portions of food. Every half-cup of cooked pumpkin provides about 3 grams of fiber. Pumpkins are also low in calories: a cup of cooked pumpkin contains about 50 calories, which helps with weight management.(一个医学中心的教授兼主任Mahmoud Ghannoum说，吃南瓜可以帮

48、助对抗癌症。南瓜含有大量的-胡萝卜素，它是一种抗氧化剂，在保护身体免受癌症方面发挥着重要作用。南瓜是矿物质、维生素C和纤维的良好来源，所有这些都与心脏健康有关，保持你的皮肤强壮、健康和没有皱纹。南瓜还含有大量的维生素E，有助于减少紫外线对皮肤造成的伤害。此外，南瓜中的纤维可以让你有饱腹感反过来，增加你吃健康食物的几率。每半杯煮熟的南瓜提供约3克纤维。南瓜的热量也很低：一杯煮熟的南瓜含有大约50卡路里的热量，这有助于控制体重)”可知，第四段主要讲了食用南瓜的潜在好处。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章向我们介绍了南瓜的多种用途，以及其丰富的营养价值和对人体的好处。结合选项，该类文章最有可能出

49、现在某网站的健康栏目。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Reduce College StressAt any given point in time, most college students are stressed about something. _16_ While having stress in your life is normal and often unavoidable, being stressed is something you ca

50、n control. Follow these tips to learn how to keep your stress in check and how to relax when it gets to be too much._17_ This may seem ridiculous at first, but it is listed first for a reason: when youre feeling stressed, you feel like you re on edge and everything is barely being held together. Don

51、t beat yourself up too badly about it! Its all normal, and the best way to handle stress is to not get more stressed about . . . being stressed.Get some sleep. _18_ Getting more sleep can help your mind refocus, recharge, and re-balance. This can mean a quick nap, a night when you go to bed early, o

52、r a promise to yourself to stick with a regular sleep schedule. Sometimes, one good night? s sleep can be all you need to hit the ground running among a stressful time.Get some healthy food Similar to your sleep habits, your eating habits may have gone by the wayside when you start school. Think abo

53、ut what and when youve eaten over the past few days. _19_ Go to eat something balanced and healthy: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and protein.Get some exercise. You may think that if you dont have the time to sleep and eat properly, you definitely dont have the time to exercise. Fair enough, but

54、 if youre feeling stressed, it may be that you need to squeeze it in somehow. Exercise doesnt necessarily have to involve a 2-hour, exhausting workout at the campus gym. _20_A. If youre stressed out, admit it.B. Its just part of going to school.C. Dont stress about being stressed.D. Focus on what ma

55、kes you feel like being stressed out.E. Being in college means your sleep schedule is, most likely, far from ideal.F. It can mean a relaxing, 30-minute walk while listening to your favorite music.G. You may think your stress is psychological, but you could also be feeling physical stress.【答案】16. B 1

56、7. C 18. E 19. G 20. F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了大学生活中的压力及大学生该如何控制压力。【16题详解】根据空格前句子“At any given point in time, most college students are stressed about something.”（在任何时候, 大多数大学生都有压力）可知，B项“Its just part of going to school.”（这只是上学的一部分）承接上文，又与下一句“having stress in your life is normal and often unavoidable”(在你的生

57、活中有压力是正常的，而且常常是不可避免的)在逻辑上形成很紧密的联系，都说明有压力是很正常的现象，故选B项。【17题详解】根据本段最后一句“Its all normal, and the best way to handle stress is to not get more stressed about . . . being stressed.”（ 这都是正常的，处理压力的最好方法就是不要因为焦虑而使自己感到更焦虑）可知，C项“Dont stress about being stressed.”（不要因为有压力而感到压力）符合本段主旨。故选C项。【18题详解】根据下文“Getting mor

58、e sleep can help your mind refocus, recharge, and re-balance.”（获得更多的睡眠可以帮助你的大脑重新集中精力, 重新充电, 重新平衡）可知, E项“Being in college means your sleep schedule is, most likely, far from ideal.”（上大学意味着你的睡眠时间安排很可能不理想）中的睡眠问题首先提出，然后在下一句中提出解决办法“获得更多的睡眠”，符合语境与逻辑。故选E项。【19题详解】根据上文“Similar to your sleep habits, your eati

59、ng habits may have gone by the wayside when you start school.”（和你的睡眠习惯类似, 你的不良饮食习惯可能也会让你产生压力）, 结合空格后面语境“Go to eat something balanced and healthy: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and protein.”（吃一些平衡和健康的食物：水果和蔬菜, 全谷物, 蛋白质）可知, G项“You may think your stress is psychological, but you could also be feeli

60、ng physical stress.”（你可能认为你的压力是心理上的, 但是你也可能感到身体生理上的压力）旨在强调希望你能通过饮食调整来优化你的身体生理状况从而减少焦虑，符合语境。故选G项。【20题详解】根据空格前面句子“Exercise doesnt necessarily have to involve a 2-hour, exhausting workout at the campus gym.”（锻炼不一定要在校园体育馆进行2个小时筋疲力尽的锻炼）可知, F项“It can mean a relaxing, 30-minute walk while listening to your

61、 favorite music.”（它可以是一边听着你最喜欢的音乐, 一边放松地走30分钟）与空格前面句子相呼应，符合语境逻辑。故填F项。【点睛】第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Seeing homeless animals always breaks my heart. So I want to _21_ them all in. And actually Im not _22_. This kind woman could not help but ha

62、ve her heart _23_ when she saw all of the _24_ homeless cats.So she went out as often as she could to _25_ the homeless cats food. But she noticed that one of the _26_, Dong Suk, would only take food if it was left in a_27_ . Try as she might, she could not get the cat to _28_ food of any kind from

63、a dish. So she made sure to take a special bag for Dong.After such a long time of _29_ Dong take the bag of food and run, she decided to _30_ her. So one day she came after Dong. It was then that she _31_ that Dong had a baby who she was bringing the food for.Dong had _32_ had five babies but this o

64、ne was her _33_ kid left. When this kind woman _34_ the sacrifice (牺牲)this loving mother cat was making she knew she had to _35_ .So she caught this momma and her baby and gave them a home with their very own cat house.21. A. callB. takeC. shutD. put22. A. aloneB. gratefulC. stubbornD. upset23. A. s

65、hockedB. destroyedC. brokenD. affected24. A. attractiveB. familiarC. fierceD. hungry25. A. handB. bringC. showD. award26. A. catsB. neighborsC. dogsD. friends27. A. bowlB. boxC. bagD. dish28. A. carryB. eatC. chooseD. waste29. A. makingB. lettingC. hearingD. watching30. A. preventB. followC. changeD

66、. trap31. A. thoughtB. reportedC. hopedD. discovered32. A. obviouslyB. finallyC. actuallyD. honestly33. A. bestB. lastC. firstD. youngest34. A. experiencedB. facedC. realizedD. doubted35. A. helpB. escapeC. sufferD. ignore【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33

67、. B 34. C 35. A【解析】本文是记叙文。一位女士一直为小区内流浪猫提供食物，但有一只猫只吃装在袋子里的食物。女士跟踪发现，这只猫是给自己的孩子带食物。她非常感动，于是把它们带回了家里饲养。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我想把它们都收养了。A. call打电话；B. take带走；C. shut关闭；D. put放置。根据前文的“Seeing homeless animals always breaks my heart”可知, 看到无家可归动物的悲惨处境总是让作者心碎，因此他想把它们全部收养。此处take in的意思是“收留”。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。

68、句意：实际上，不止我一个人想收养它们。A. alone独自的；B. grateful感激的；C. stubborn固执的；D. upset沮丧的。根据后文作者讲述的女士的故事可知，想收留流浪猫的人不止作者一人。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位善良的女士看到所有饥饿的、无家可归的猫时，她的心都碎了。A. shocked使震动；B. destroyed破坏；C. broken打破；D. affected影响。根据前文“This kind woman could not help but have her heart”再结合“Seeing homeless animals alw

69、ays breaks my heart”可知，看到周围的流浪猫，女士和作者的情况一样，心都碎了。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当这位善良的女士看到所有饥饿的、无家可归的猫时，她的心都碎了。A. attractive吸引人的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. fierce凶猛的；D. hungry饥饿的。后文“the homeless cats food”提到，女士为流浪猫提供食物, 说明这些流浪猫是饥饿的。故选D。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她尽可能多给无家可归的猫带去食物。A. hand递给；B. bring带来；C. show展示；D. award奖。根据后

70、文“the homeless cats food”可知，女士经常出去给无家可归的猫带去食物。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析 。句意：但她注意到其中一只叫Dong Suk的猫，只会吃袋子里剩下的东西。A. cats猫；B. neighbors邻居；C. dogs狗；D. friends朋友。根据前文“the homeless cats food”可知，女士注意到的是这些猫中的一只，它与众不同。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析 。句意：但她注意到其中一只叫Dong Suk的猫，只会吃袋子里剩下的东西。A. bowl碗；B. box盒子；C. bag袋子；D. dis菜肴。根据下文“S

71、o she made sure to take a special bag for Dong.”可知，小猫不吃女士放在盘子里的任何食物, 女士为此给小猫准备了一个特别的袋子。由此可推知，这只猫只吃装在袋子里的食物。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管她怎么努力，都不能让猫吃盘子里的任何食物。A. carry搬运；B. eat吃；C. choose选择；D. waste浪费。根据下文“So she made sure to take a special bag for Dong.”可推知,因为猫不吃盘子里的食物，所以女士给它带了一个特别袋子。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。

72、句意：在观察了Dong很长一段时间后，她决定跟着她。A. making制作；B. letting让；C. hearing听见；D. watching观察，看。根据上文提到这只猫的诡异行为，再结合“After such a long time of”可知，女士长时间观察Dong这只猫。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察了Dong很长一段时间后，她决定跟着她。A. prevent防止；B. follow跟踪，跟随；C. change改变；D. trap陷入困境。根据后文“So one day she came after Dong”可知, 女士决定跟踪这只猫。故选B。【31题详解

73、】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她发现Dong有一个幼崽，她要给幼崽带食物。A. thought思考；B. reported报告；C. hoped希望；D. discovered发现。根据后文“Dong had a baby who she was bringing the food for”可知女士发现了Dong有一个幼崽。故选D。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Dong实际上本来有五个幼崽，但这是她最后一个孩子了。A. obviously明显地；B. finally终于；C. actually实际上；D. honestly诚实地。根据此处后文的“but this one was

74、herkid left”可知，Dong实际上生了5只幼崽，但最后只有一个活下来的孩子。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dong实际上本来有五个幼崽，但这是她最后一个孩子了。A. best最好的；B. last最后的；C. first最重要的；D. youngest最年轻的。根据上文“had five babies”以及后文“kid left”可知, 猫妈妈生了五只小猫，但这是她活下来的最后一个孩子。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位善良的女士意识到这只可爱的猫妈妈所做的牺牲时，她知道她必须帮忙。A. experienced经历；B. faced面对；C. re

75、alized意识到；D. doubted怀疑。结合上文，猫妈妈宁愿自己不吃，也要给幼崽带食物回去，再根据后文“the sacrifice this loving mother cat was making”可知, 女士意识到了猫妈妈的牺牲精神。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位善良的女士意识到这只可爱的猫妈妈所做的牺牲时，她知道她必须帮忙。A. help帮助；B. escape逃跑；C. suffer遭受；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“So she caught this momma and her baby and gave them a home with their

76、 very own cat house.”可知，女士被猫妈妈的牺牲精神所感动，决定帮助它们。故选A。第二节（共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Different places have different climates. A desert, for example, _36_（ refer） to as a dry climate because little water falls during the year. In polar regions, however, rising global temperat

77、ures _37_（associate） with climate change mean that ice sheets and glaciers are melting at an accelerated rate from season to season. This contributes to sea level rise in _38_（ difference） regions of the planet. Together with expanding ocean waters due to rising temperatures, the rise in sea level h

78、as begun to damage coastlines _39_ a result of increasing flooding.The cause of current climate change is largely human activities, like burning fossil fuels, _40_include natural gas, oil, and coal. Burning these materials _41_（ release） greenhouse gases into the Earths atmosphere. These gases trap

79、heat from the suns rays inside the atmosphere, _42_（cause） the Earths average temperature to rise. The warming of the planet impacts local and _43_（ region ） climates. Throughout the Earths history, climate has _44_（ continual ）changed. When occurring naturally, this is _45_ slow process that has ta

80、ken place over hundreds or thousands of years. The human influenced climate change that is happening now is occurring at a much faster rate.【答案】36. is referred 37. associated 38. different 39. as 40. which 41. releases 42. causing 43. regional 44. continually 45. a【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了全球气温升高导致海平面上升以及

81、人类活动对气候产生的影响。【详解】1.考查动词一般现在时和被动语态。句意：例如，沙漠指的是干燥的气候，因为一年中很少有降水。本段主体时态为一般现在时, 主语A desert不能直接发出refer to（谈及, 说起）的动作, 所以此处用被动, be referred to as（被称作, 被认为是）。故填is referred。2.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在极地地区，与气候变化相关的全球气温上升意味着冰原和冰川每一季都在加速融化。本句已有谓语“mean”, 此处应为非谓语, 所填词作后置定语, 与逻辑主语形成动宾关系。故填associated。3.考查形容词。句意：这导致了地球上不同地区的

82、海平面上升。分析句子结构并结合语境可知, 这导致了地球上不同地区的海平面上升。修饰名词regions用形容词，故填difference的形容词形式different。4.考查介词。句意：再加上气温上升导致海水不断膨胀，海平面上升已经开始因洪水不断增加而破坏海岸线。as a result of 为固定短语, 意为“因为, 由于”。故填as。5.考查定语从句。句意：造成当前气候变化的主要原因是人类活动，比如燃烧化石燃料，包括天然气、石油和煤炭。分析句子结构可知, 此处考查非限制性定语从句, 先行词为fossil fuels, 指物, 空格处在从句中作主语。故填which。6.考查动词的时态和主谓一

83、致。句意：燃烧这些物质会向地球大气中释放温室气体。单个的动名词短语作主语, 谓语动词用单数, 本段主体时态为一般现在时。故填releases。7.考查非谓语动词。句意：这些气体将来自太阳射线的热量困在大气中，导致地球平均温度上升。句子主干为These gases trap heat, 空格处应用非谓语动词, 此处作主句的结果状语, 应用现在分词形式。故填causing。8.考查形容词。句意：地球变暖影响着当地和区域气候。根据and可知, 空格处与local并列, 故用形容词修饰后面的名词climates。故填regional。9.考查副词。句意：纵观地球的历史，气候一直在不断变化。此处用副词修

84、饰动词changed。故填continually。10.考查冠词。句意：当自然发生时，这是一个缓慢的过程，已经发生了数百年或数千年。process是可数名词, 意为“过程, 进程”。此处表示“一个”且slow开头是辅音因素，故填不定冠词a。第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是中学生李华, 你的美国好友Peter来信询问你们学校的校规,请给他写封回信告知 相关情况。内容包括：1. 介绍校规（穿校服,按时上下学,不带手机等）;2. 制定规章制度的意义；3. 违反制度的后果。注意:1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加情节, 以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Pe

85、ter,Im delighted to receive your letter. Ill inform you of the related information in detail.There are several school rules to obey here, including wearing school uniforms daily, attending and leaving school punctually, and forbidding taking phones. These rules are so important that we are extremely

86、 careful to follow them. Whoever breaks them, he/shell be punished to do extra cleaning for a long time. We all know these systems are set up to help us get into good habits, and improve our self-awareness.How do you find the rules? Looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文

87、，要求考生就美国好友Peter来信询问你们学校的校规情况给他写封回信告知相关情况。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍校规（穿校服,按时上下学,不带手机等）;2. 制定规章制度的意义；3. 违反制度的后果。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）be delighted to；inform sb of sth；wearing school uniforms ； attending school punctually； forbidding taking phones； sot

88、hat；be punished； do extra cleaning for a long time；are set up； get into good habits； improve our self-awareness；Looking forward to。第三步：连词成句Im delighted to receive your letter. Ill inform you of the related information in detail.There are several school rules to obey here, including wearing school un

89、iforms daily, attending and leaving school punctually, and forbidding taking phones. These rules are so important that we are extremely careful to follow them. Whoever breaks them, he/shell be punished to do extra cleaning for a long time. We all know these systems are set up to help us get into goo

90、d habits, and improve our self-awareness.Looking forward to hearing from you.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition ，As well as, not on

91、lybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰【点睛】高分句型1 These rules are so important

92、 that we are extremely careful to follow them.（that引导结果状语从句。）高分句型2 We all know these systems are set up to help us get into good habits, and improve our self-awareness.（省略了that的宾语从句。）第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。Its a funny and true experience. Now when Mike thinks of it, he

93、laughs a lot, but when it happened , Mike was really frightened. He is going to tell it to you. Once when Mike was a child, maybe eight years old, he had a frightening experience. Mike thinks about it frequently. He was in his house with all his family. Mike cannot remember when it happened very wel

94、l, but it was possibly at Christmas. They were going to have a big supper and Mike was very happy because he liked to eat a lot. Besides, Mike hadnt eaten for a long time. Therefore, he was starving. He became very angry, because Mike saw his mother and his aunt talking for a long time. This made hi

95、m angry, because Mike didnt want to wait any longer. Moreover, it was time for having supper. Werent they starving?Mother, what happened with the food? Mike asked. Then she looked at him seriously and said, You need more patience, my honey.Yes, Mike replied, I see. I need to be patient. Nevertheless

96、, I cant be patient today, because I am starving. Time passed, and finally dinner was on the table. The first dish was puchero. Puchero is one of his favorite dishes; this dish has chicken, rice, vegetables, and pork. Also, its a very hot dish, so usually you need to wait at least half an hour befor

97、e you start to eat. You can enjoy its taste better when its not so hot. Nevertheless, when Mike saw it on the table, he got a spoon and started to eat quickly. In a moment, his face was red, and there was a strange feeling on his tongue. Mike had burned it. Immediately, Mike shouted in pain and his

98、mother asked him, What is the matter?Mother, help me! I think my tongue is going to fall off! Send me to see the doctor. Mike screamed crazily.Do not worry, my child. Your father is going to take you to the hospital, said his mother. Mike looked at his mothers face and he could tell she was concerne

99、d.注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Then his father and Mike went to the hospital_Mike did it slowly. He looked at his tongue for a long time._【答案】One possible version:Then his father and Mike went to the hospital. When they arrived there, Mike tried to tell the doctor his problem, but Mike cou

100、ld not do it because he was very nervous. His father did it for him. Mike does not remember his fathers words exactly, but he said something like, “Doctor, I think my son burned his tongue, because he ate a pretty hot dish. ” “Open your mouth,” the doctor said after hed heard his fathers words.Mike

101、did it slowly. He looked at his tongue for a long time. Do not worry, little guy. Your tongue is very hot, but it will not fall off, the doctor finally said. When the doctor said that, his father started laughing happily. Soon the doctor was also laughing. He was embarrassed.However Mike was happy b

102、ecause his tongue would not fall off. Mike has learned one important thing since that day. Patience is a great virtue. Mike thinks this is the funniest experience that he has had in his life.【解析】【分析】本文以人物和时间为线索展开，讲述了迈克8岁圣诞节时的一次可怕经历。圣诞节那天，迈克一家要吃一顿丰盛的大餐，迈克看见他妈妈和他姨妈聊了很长时间。这使他很生气，因为迈克不想再等了。终于到开饭时间，迈克坐餐桌

103、边，第一道菜是puchero，这是一道很辣的菜，通常你需要等上半个小时才能开始吃。但迈克迫不及待地吃了起来，很快他脸红了，舌头上有一种奇怪的感觉，迈克疯狂地尖叫起来，喊爸爸妈妈救救自己。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“然后迈克和他的爸爸去了医院”可知，第一段可描写迈克在医院就医的经过。由第二段首句内容“迈克慢慢地做。他久久地看着自己的舌头。”可知，第二段可描写迈克的舌头没事，迈克懂得了一个道理忍耐是一种伟大的美德。2.续写线索：迈克去医院医生检查迈克舌头没事迈克高兴得到感悟3.词汇激活行为类到达：arrived/got to/reached 看：look at/see/watch情绪类尴尬： embarrassed/awkward开心：happy/gald/pleased 【点睛】 高分句型1 When they arrived there, Mike tried to tell the doctor his problem, but Mike could not do it because he was very nervous.(when引导时间状语从句，because引导原因状语从句) 高分句型2 When the doctor said that, his father started laughing happily. （when引导的时间状语从句）