广东省佛山市南海区2021届高三摸底测试英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、佛山市南海区2021届高三摸底测试英 语本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页。满分135分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等信息填涂在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhen I tell people I attended an all-girls schoo

2、l since age 4, Im met with expressions of either confusion, shock, curiosity or some combination of the three. I get the same responses: Why? Was it horrible? But how did you meet boys?Contrary to what many people immediately assume, judging from their looks of sympathy, I really enjoyed going to an

3、 all-girls school. Going to a single-sex school shaped me in many valuable ways and allowed me to build amazing friendships.When it comes to single-sex education, I reject the idea that being in a single-sex environment makes one unable to interact with members of the opposite sex later in life. Con

4、trary to this popular belief, everyone I knew at my school and other single-sex schools not only knew how to interact smoothly with members of the opposite sex, but they were also able to form actual friendships with those people outside of school time. Although the majority of my close friends were

5、 girls, I didnt get away from the outside world. Being in a single-sex environment also encouraged me to make more friends outside of school. These experiences gave me invaluable skills, many of which I have used in my first few weeks here at Stanford in making friends and building relationships.Ano

6、ther common belief about all-girls schools in particular is the presence of unfriendly behavior between students. There are unavoidably conflicts in all schools at some points, but I never noticed a connection between single-sex schools and much disagreement. I would say that conflicts dont depend o

7、n whether youre at a single-sex or not, but rather on the personalities of the people you surround yourself with.I will be forever grateful for the experiences I had and the relationships I formed in my all-girls school environment, but Im equally so happy to be where I am now, experiencing new thin

8、gs everyday and growing more and more in the process.1. What does the author intend to do in paragraph l?A. Lead in to the topic.B. Ask readers some questions.C. Summarize peoples responses.D. Provide background information2. What does the underlined phrase “this popular belief” in paragraph 3 refer

9、 to?A. Students in single-sex schools cant make new friends.B. Students in single-sex schools cant get along well with others.C. Students in single-sex schools cant have the right concept of sex.D. Students in single-sex schools cant communicate with the opposite sex.3. According to the author, what

10、 causes conflicts in schools?A. Single-sex environment.B. Disagreement.C. Peoples character.D. Mixed-sex environment.4. What does the author think of all-girls schools?A. They have beautiful environment.B. They have more friendly students.C. They are better than ordinary schools.D. They offer studen

11、ts valuable experiences.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述自己在女校的经历和收获来回答并证明了单一性别的环境并不会给人们带来那些常见的困惑，反而会让在单一性别环境里成长的人有更多更好的经历，为他们今后的生活学习提供有效的帮助。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“When I tell people I attended an all-girls school since age 4, Im met with expressions of either confusion, shock, curiosity or some

12、combination of the three. I get the same responses: Why? Was it horrible? But how did you meet boys?（当我告诉别人我从4岁起就进入了一所女子学校时，他们的表情要么是困惑，要么是震惊，要么是好奇，要么三者兼而有之。我得到同样的回答:为什么?这是可怕的吗?但是你是怎么认识男孩的?）”可知作者从小就读女校，经常会被提问一样的问题，针对这些问题，作者在全文讲述了在女校的经历和感受对这些疑问进行回复和解释，可知第一段的内容是引入文章的主题，故选A。【2题详解】短语猜测题。根据文章第三段第一句“When i

13、t comes to single-sex education, I reject the idea that being in a single-sex environment makes one unable to interact with members of the opposite sex later in life. （说到单性别教育，我不认为在一个单性别的环境中会使一个人在以后的生活中无法与异性交往。）”结合代词“this（这种）”可知 “this popular belief”指的是在单性别学校的学生无法与异性交往这种想法，故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一

14、句“I would say that conflicts dont depend on whether youre at a single-sex or not, but rather on the personalities of the people you surround yourself with.（我想说的是，冲突并不取决于你是否是处于单一性别（环境中）的人，而是取决于你周围的人的个性。）”可知作者认为冲突的主要原因是周围人的性格，故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Going to a single-sex school shaped me in many v

15、aluable ways and allowed me to build amazing friendships.（去一所单性别学校在很多方面塑造了我，并让我建立了很棒的友谊。）”；第三段最后一句“These experiences gave me invaluable skills, many of which I have used in my first few weeks here at Stanford in making friends and building relationships.（这些经历给了我宝贵的技能，其中很多我在来到斯坦福的最初几周在结交朋友和建立人际关系时就用到

16、了。）”以及最后一段“I will be forever grateful for the experiences I had and the relationships I formed in my all-girls school environment, but Im equally so happy to be where I am now, experiencing new things everyday and growing more and more in the process.（我将永远感激我在女校的经历和人际关系，但我也同样为现在的我感到高兴，每天体验新事物，并在这个过程

17、中越来越成长。）”可知作者在女校的经历和收获都是非常有价值的，因此可推断作者认为女校会给学生提供有价值的经历。故选D。BCalifornia researchers have found that oxygen levels and water temperatures play a key role in the health of deep-sea fish populations.Scientists studied fish on the floor of the Gulf（海湾） of California. This is an example of some of the vid

18、eo that we are analyzing for this research, said Natalya Gallo, a post-doctoral researcher at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. She pointed to a video taken along the seafloor on the Gulf of California near the Mexican coast. The film came from a remotely controlled submarine.Researchers use

19、the underwater tool to calculate the influence of a warming ocean on fish. “The really big question that were trying to answer is how sensitive deep-sea communities（群落），and in general ocean communities are going to be to these changes,” Gallo said.Gallo and the other researchers on the team studied

20、the northern gulf, which is closer to normal ocean conditions and the southern gulf, which has one of the planets most extreme low oxygen ocean zones.The findings will help scientists understand changes in other places. As the ocean gets hotter, the warmer water is not capable of holding the same am

21、ount of oxygen. We know that oxygen is declining in the ocean globally, said Lisa Levin, a Scripps Institution of Oceanography, biological oceanographer. And that the really low oxygen zones, oxygen minimum zones are expanding as the ocean warms.Scientists already expect certain outcomes from climat

22、e-related changes. The body size of animals will get lower as the ocean warms and the oxygen declines and overall, the oceans will become less productive, Levin said. The research findings are published in the current edition of the Journal Marine Ecology Progress Series.5. What is the purpose of Ga

23、llos research?A. To measure the temperature of sea water.B. To show the body condition of deep-sea fish.C. To calculate the amount of oxygen in the sea.D. To evaluate the effect of ocean warming on fish.6. Why do researchers study the southern gulf?A. It has normal ocean conditions.B. It has special

24、 ocean zones.C. It has a relatively mild climate.D. It has various kinds of fish.7. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The methods of protecting the sea.B. The influence of the warmer oceans.C. The steps of investigating the ocean.D. The causes of the warming of sea water.【答案】5. D 6. B 7. B【

25、解析】这是一篇说明文。文章一项研究表明，氧气水平和水温对深海鱼类种群的健康起着关键作用。随着海洋变暖和氧气的减少，动物的体型会变小，海洋生产力会降低。5题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“Researchers use the underwater tool to calculate the influence of a warming ocean on fish. “The really big question that were trying to answer is how sensitive deep-sea communities（群落），and in general ocean com

26、munities are going to be to these changes,” Gallo said.”（研究人员使用水下工具来计算海洋变暖对鱼类的影响。加洛说：“我们试图回答的一个大问题是深海生物群落和海洋群落对这些变化海洋变暖的敏感程度。）可知，加洛的研究目的是为了知道/评估海洋变暖对鱼类的影响。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Gallo and the other researchers on the team studied the northern gulf, which is closer to normal ocean conditions and the

27、 southern gulf, which has one of the planets most extreme low oxygen ocean zones.”（加洛和研究小组的其他研究人员研究了接近正常海洋条件的北部海湾和拥有地球上最极端低氧海洋区之一的南部海湾。）可知，研究人员要研究南部海湾是因为它有特殊的海洋区域，即最极端低氧海洋区。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由最后一段“Scientists already expect certain outcomes from climate-related changes. The body size of animals will g

28、et lower as the ocean warms and the oxygen declines and overall, the oceans will become less productive, Levin said. The research findings are published in the current edition of the Journal Marine Ecology Progress Series.”（科学家们已经预期气候变化会带来某些结果。”莱文说：“随着海洋变暖和氧气的减少，动物的体型会变小，总的来说，海洋的生产力会降低。”。这项研究结果发表在最新

29、一期海洋生态学进展系列杂志上。）可知，海洋变暖，动物体型会变小，海洋生产力会降低，这是讲海洋变暖带来的影响，所以本段主要讲海洋变暖的影响。故选B项。CIf youre like many people, you may have decided that you want to spend less time staring at your phone. Its a good idea: an increasing body of evidence suggests that the time we spend on our smartphones is affecting our sleep

30、, self-respect, relationships, memory, attention, creativity, productivity and problem solving and decision-making skills.Until now, most discussions of phones biochemical effects have focused on dopamine (多巴胺)，a brain chemical that helps us form habits. Smart-phones and apps are designed to cause d

31、opamines release, with the goal of making our phones difficult to put down.But our phones effects on cortisol（皮质醇）are potentially even more alarming. Cortisol is our primary fight-or-flight hormone. Its release（释放） causes our bodies changes, such as a jump in blood pressure, heart rate and blood sug

32、ar, that help us react to and survive acute physical threats. But by raising levels of cortisol, our phones may be threatening our health and shortening our lives. The average American spends four hours a day staring at their smart-phone and keeps it within arms reach nearly all the time, according

33、to a tracking app called Moment. The result, as Google has noted in a report, is that mobile phones loaded with social media, email and news apps create a constant sense of commitment bringing unintended personal stress.Your cortisol levels are increased when your phone is in sight or nearby, or whe

34、n you hear it or even think you hear it, says David Greenfield, professor at the University of Connecticut School. Its a stress response, and it feels unpleasant, and the bodys natural response is to want to check the phone to make the stress go away.But while doing so might comfort you for a second

35、, it probably will make things worse in the long run. Any time you check your phone, youre likely to find something else stressful waiting for you, leading to another increase in cortisol and another desire to check your phone to your anxiety go away. This cycle, when continuously strengthened, lead

36、s to increased cortisol levels, which have been tied to an increased risk of serious health problems, including depression, obesity, high blood pressure, heart attack and so on.8. What phone-related effect is dopamine responsible for?A. Memory loss.B. Increased mental stress.C. A behavioral addictio

37、n.D. Poor sleep quality.9. What can we infer about cortisol according to the text?A. Its decrease will improve heart rate.B. Its release will lower blood pressure.C. Its release has no benefits for humans.D. Its increase is related to personal stress.10. What may be further talked about after the la

38、st paragraph?A. Ways to make phones less stressful.B. Benefits of reducing dopamine levels.C. Reasons why cortisol levels are increased.D. Bad results of checking phones frequently.11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Entertainment.B. Health.C. Technology.D. Education.【答案】8. C

39、 9. D 10. A 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，智能手机和应用程序会让多巴胺释放，影响皮质醇，威胁我们的健康。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Smart-phones and apps are designed to cause dopamines release, with the goal of making our phones difficult to put down.”（智能手机和应用程序的设计目的是让多巴胺释放，目的是让我们的手机难以放下。），可知多巴胺释放让人难以放下手机，说明多巴胺释放会让人对手机成成瘾行为成瘾。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由

40、倒数第二段“Your cortisol levels are increased when your phone is in sight or nearby, or when you hear it or even think you hear it, says David Greenfield, professor at the University of Connecticut School. Its a stress response, and it feels unpleasant, and the bodys natural response is to want to check

41、the phone to make the stress go away.”（康涅狄格大学的教授大卫格林菲尔德说：“当你的手机在你的视线中或附近，或者当你听到甚至以为你听到时，你的皮质醇水平就会增加。”这是一种压力反应，感觉很不舒服，身体的自然反应就是想检查一下手机，让压力消失。”），可知有压力反应，皮质醇水平就会增加，所以皮质醇的增加与个人压力有关。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“But while doing so might comfort you for a second, it probably will make things worse in the long r

42、un. Any time you check your phone, youre likely to find something else stressful waiting for you, leading to another increase in cortisol and another desire to check your phone to your anxiety go away. This cycle, when continuously strengthened, leads to increased cortisol levels, which have been ti

43、ed to an increased risk of serious health problems, including depression, obesity, high blood pressure, heart attack and so on.”（但这样做可能会让你感到安慰，但从长远来看，这可能会让事情变得更糟。任何时候你想查看手机，你会发现有压力的事等着你，导致皮质醇的另一个增加和另一个检查手机来让你的焦虑消失的欲望。这个周期，当不断加强时，会导致皮质醇水平升高，而皮质醇水平与严重健康问题的风险增加有关，包括抑郁、肥胖、高血压、心脏病发作等等。），可知看手机会让人觉得有压力，导致皮

44、质醇再次升高和再次看手机的欲望，这会增加严重的健康问题风险，因此为了让人们保护健康，作者在下一段可能讲减少手机压力的方法。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Smart-phones and apps are designed to cause dopamines release, with the goal of making our phones difficult to put down.”（智能手机和应用程序的设计目的是让多巴胺释放，目的是让我们的手机难以放下。），第三段中的“But by raising levels of cortisol, our phones ma

45、y be threatening our health and shortening our lives.”（但是通过提高皮质醇水平，我们的手机可能会威胁我们的健康，缩短我们的寿命。），最后一段中的“This cycle, when continuously strengthened, leads to increased cortisol levels, which have been tied to an increased risk of serious health problems, including depression, obesity, high blood pressure

46、, heart attack and so on.”（这个周期，当不断加强时，会导致皮质醇水平升高，而皮质醇水平与严重健康问题的风险增加有关，包括抑郁、肥胖、高血压、心脏病发作等等。），可知本文主要讲智能手机和应用程序会让多巴胺释放，影响皮质醇，威胁我们的健康，本文可能在报纸的“健康”版面出现。故选B项。DImagine this: you walk into work and the camera above the doors scans your face, opening them automatically without you lifting a finger. Oh, but

47、you need to run to the chemists at lunch. You walk up to a camera, and your prescription（药方）is deposited in front of you. After work, you look at your face in the mirror, and it reminds you to wear sun-cream the next day. Sounds pretty good, right?Now imagine this: when you are walking down the stre

48、et, a pair of policemen pull their guns and tell you to drop to the ground. After several days in jail, they let you know you were misidentified as a violent criminal on the loose. Regardless of your innocence, youre in the system. Now wherever you go, cameras that capture you will alert police to w

49、atch out for you. Even worse, as you enter stores, the facial recognition system lets the staff know a recently arrested individual has entered the building. Doesnt sound so good?As fantastical as either of those pictures might seem, its quite possible that this will be the future were headed toward

50、s. The benefits of the technology are already being implemented by airlines, as seen by JetBlue Airways. Rather than scanning a boarding pass or handing over a passport, you simply stare into a camera and youre identified. This does save time and make processes the best possible, but it raises the q

51、uestion: do you have the right to your own face? Who is responsible for the protection of this information? Can I even remove my face from this database and just go the old-fashioned way?We humans have the never-ending need to make things smoother, better and faster. This desire has helped drive the

52、 remarkable progress we have achieved as a society. However, its time to take a step back and ask some necessary questions. We need to discuss whether we actually need the extensive use of facial recognition technology and how to ensure law enforcement (执行) doesnt abuse this technology. If we act no

53、w, I believe we can succeed in preventing technology companies from infiltrating（潜入）every aspect of our lives. If we dont, though, I fear the worst.12. What does the underlined word fantastical probably mean?A. Unreal.B. Optimistic.C. Reasonable.D. Unbearable.13. What is the downside of facial recog

54、nition technology?A. Inequality of rights.B. Disorder of society.C. Violation of privacy.D. Denial of responsibility.14. What may be to blame for the negative effect of facial recognition technology?A. Improper enforcement of laws.B. Peoples lack of awareness.C. Ignorance of the technology.D. Compan

55、ies pursuit of profit.15. What is the best title for the text?A. How do we live safely with facial recognition technology?B. Are we prepared for the use of facial recognition technology?C. What will the future be like without facial recognition technology?D. Can we prevent the development of facial

56、recognition technology?【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了我们是否真的需要广泛使用面部识别技术这一问题。【12题详解】词义猜测题。由第三段中的“its quite possible that this will be the future were headed towards”（很有可能这就是我们要走向的未来），可知这两张照片中的场景是未来可能的场景，现在是不存在的，所以它们看起来不真实，fantastical在此处意为“Unreal（不真实的）”。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“This does

57、 save time and make processes the best possible, but it raises the question: do you have the right to your own face? Who is responsible for the protection of this information? Can I even remove my face from this database and just go the old-fashioned way?”（这确实节省了时间，并使过程尽可能地最佳化，但它提出了一个问题：你有权面对自己的脸吗？谁

58、负责保护这些信息？我甚至可以从这个数据库中删除这张脸，然后按老方法来吗？），可知面部识别技术让人质疑人们自己是否有权看自己的脸、谁负责保护这些人脸信息，自己能否删除数据库中的人脸，得出面部识别技术可能会侵犯隐私，让人们对自己的脸没有自主权。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“We need to discuss whether we actually need the extensive use of facial recognition technology and how to ensure law enforcement (执行) doesnt abuse this te

59、chnology.”（我们需要讨论我们是否真的需要广泛使用面部识别技术，以及如何确保执法部门不会滥用这项技术。），可知面部识别技术侵犯隐私的缺点是因为执法部门可能会滥用这项技术。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。第一二段讲“面部识别技术运用在未来生活中可能的场景”，第三段讲“面部识别技术侵犯隐私的缺点”，第四段讲“是否真的需要广泛使用面部识别技术”，可知本文主要讲我们是否真的需要广泛使用面部识别技术，B项“我们准备好使用面部识别技术了吗？”为短文的最佳标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。O

60、ne of our most firmly established ideas of masculinity（男子气概）is that men dont cry. Although he might weep bitter tears at a funeral, a real man is expected to quickly regain control. Sobbing openly is for girls. But historical and literary evidence suggests that, in the past, not only did men cry in

61、public, but no one saw it as weak or shameful._16_In written records of the Middle Ages, we find one ambassador repeatedly bursting into tears when addressing Philip the Good, and the entire audience at a peace conference throwing themselves on the ground, sobbing and weeping as they listen to the s

62、peeches. Still more remarkably, theres no mention of the men in these stories trying to hold back or hide their tears. No one pretends to have something in his eye._17_ They cry in a crowded hall with their heads held high._18_The most obvious possibility is that this shift is the result of changes

63、that took place as we moved from a feudal（封建的），agricultural society to one that was urban and industrial. In the Middle Ages, a typical village had only 50 300 inhabitants, most of them related by blood or marriage. If men cried, they did so with people who would empathize. But from the 18th through

64、 the20th centuries, the population became increasingly urbanised. _19_ Furthermore, changes in the economy required men to work together in factories and offices where emotional expression and even private conversation were discouraged as time-wasting.Yet human beings werent designed to swallow thei

65、r emotions and theres reason to believe that holding back tears can be harmful to your well-being. Research from the 1980s has suggested a relationship between a persons rate of stress-related illnesses and inadequate crying. _20_ A study has found that in countries where people cry the most, they a

66、lso report the highest levels of satisfaction.So it might be time to return to the free-flowing tears of the past. When misfortune strikes, let us all men and women join together and cry until our sleeves are soaked.A. So where did all the male tears go?B. No one makes an excuse to leave the room.C.

67、 Soon, people were living in the midst of thousands- of strangersD. Weeping is also, contrary to all expectations, correlated with happiness.E. The question remains whether inadequate crying is harmful or beneficial.F. In fact, male weeping was regarded as normal for most of recorded history.G. Desp

68、ite the considerable evidence, men cant express feelings freely by any means.【答案】16. F 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。分析了为什么古代男人哭而现在男人不哭的原因，告诉我们不要压抑自己，抑制眼泪对健康有害 【16题详解】上文“But historical and literary evidence suggests that, in the past, not only did men cry in public, but no one saw it as we

69、ak or shameful.但历史和文学证据表明，在过去男性不只在公共场合哭，而且没有人认为这是软弱可耻的”与F. In fact, male weeping was regarded as normal for most of recorded history.（事实上，在大部分历史记载上，男性哭都被看作是正常的）承接自然，上文提到没人认为男性在公共场合哭是软弱可耻的，下文进一步补充说明历史上把男性哭看作是正常的。故选F。【17题详解】上文“No one pretends to have something in his eye.没有人假装自己的眼里有东西”与B. No one makes

70、 an excuse to leave the room.（没有人找借口离开房间）承接自然。上下文句式一致，且都说明了古代男性不用掩饰自己的眼泪。此外，no one是关键词。故选B。【18题详解】下文“The most obvious possibility is that this shift is the result of changes that took place as we moved from a feudal（封建的），agricultural society to one that was urban and industrial. 最明显的可能是，这种转变是我们从一个封建

71、农业社会过渡到城市和工业社会所发生的变化的结果。 ”与A. So where did all the male tears go?（那么，男性的眼泪去了哪儿呢？）承接自然，下文回答了选项所提出的问题。故选A。【19题详解】上文“ But from the 18th through the 20th centuries, the population became increasingly urbanized.但从18世纪至20世纪，人口日益城市化”与C. Soon, people were living in the midst of thousands- of strangers（很快，人们

72、就生活在成千上万的陌生人中间了）承接自然。选项陈述内容是人口日益城市化的结果，且people可对应上文的population。故选C。【20题详解】下文“A study has found that in countries where people cry the most, they also report the highest levels of satisfaction.一个研究已经发现，在人们哭得多的国家，他们的满意度也最高”与D. Weeping is also, contrary to all expectations, correlated with happiness.（出

73、乎所有人的意料，哭泣也和幸福有关）承接自然，下文用科学研究结果证明了“哭泣也和幸福有关”，且happiness可对应上文的satisfaction。故选D。【点睛】第三部分 语言知识及运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。On a steamy July day in Bayonet Point, Florida, Gene Work and his brother-in-law, Mark Rouco, were resodding (重铺草皮) Genes yard. I

74、t had grown brown in the _21_ and the homeowners association had _22_ to give a heavy fine if the situation wasnt _23_. The new sod was sitting in the driveway, but the job was _24_. Gene, then 40, wasnt feeling _25_. He went inside to take a _26_ and fell on the sofa, holding his chest tightly. His

75、 wife, Melissa Work, called 911 _27_28_ he was staring down death, Gene had one thing on his mind: that lawn (草坪). If the sod wasnt put down that day, it would _29_, “While he was having his heart attack, literally in and out of consciousness, he kept _30_ me to have it put down because he didnt wan

76、t it to go to_31_,” Melissa wrote in a Facebook post.Soon Pasco County Fire Rescue arrived and took Gene and Melissa to the_32_, leaving Rouco behind to deal with the_33_. Within an hour, he had managed to remove the_34_grass. He was about to lay the new sod, which he _35_ would take him well into t

77、he night, when two emergency vehicles appeared. Seven men, the _36_ ones who had treated his brother, got out. They had _37_ to help because Gene had told them how badly hed wanted to get the sod down.The _38_ was done in under two hours._39_,Gene had surgery in his heart, easing a potentially deadl

78、y blockage. Hes home now, fully recovered and enjoying his beautiful lawn.“These men,” Melissa told , “saved Genes life, and then came back to save his grass. Thats just so _40_.”21. A. dampnessB. heatC. shadowD. warmth22. A. expectedB. offeredC. threatenedD. encouraged23. A. worsenedB. understoodC.

79、 reviewedD. improved24. A. fast-changingB. low-payingC. slow-goingD. well-rewarding25. A. rightB. excitedC. lonelyD. afraid26. A. showerB. breakC. pictureD. walk27. A. quicklyB. occasionallyC. personallyD. suddenly28. A. As thoughB. Now thatC. If onlyD. Even though29. A. disappearB. dieC. growD. fad

80、e30. A. orderingB. beggingC. helpingD. inviting31. A. piecesB. seedC. wasteD. service32. A. hospitalB. gardenC. fire stationD. Internet company33. A. carB. houseC. roadD. yard34. A. oldB. muddyC. narrowD. soft35. A. promisedB. fearedC. advocatedD. admitted36. A. extraB. educatedC. sameD. wounded37.

81、A. agreedB. avoidedC. returnedD. refused38. A. operationB. surveyC. experimentD. job39. A. MeanwhileB. HoweverC. OtherwiseD. Therefore40. A. challengingB. coincidentC. inspiringD. awesome【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. C 38. D 3

82、9. A 40. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了40岁的吉恩在修正自家草皮的时候，身体不适被送往医院，但是他心里仍旧担忧新草皮的铺设问题，为此曾经救助过吉恩的七个人再次返回他家中，帮他铺设好了草皮。吉恩的妻子称赞了他们的行为。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：炎热的天气里，它已经变成了褐色，业主协会威胁说，如果这种情况得不到改善，将给予重罚。A. dampness潮湿；B. heat高温；C. shadow阴影；D. warmth温暖。根据上文“On a steamy July day”可知，天气炎热。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：炎热的天气里，它已经变成了褐色，

83、业主协会威胁说，如果这种情况得不到改善，将给予重罚。A. expected预期；B. offered提供；C. threatened威胁；D. encouraged鼓励。根据后文“to give a heavy fine”可知，业主协会是在威胁他们，说如果不处理好这块草皮，将会罚款。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：炎热的天气里，它已经变成了褐色，业主协会威胁说，如果这种情况得不到改善，将给予重罚。A. worsened恶化；B. understood理解；C. reviewed复习；D. improved改善。结合上文“to give a heavy fine if the si

84、tuation wasnt”可知，此处为条件状语从句，表示“如果这种情况得不到改善，就会给予重罚”。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：新的草皮放在车道上，但工作进展缓慢。A. fast-changing快速变化的；B. low-paying低薪的；C. slow-going缓慢的；D. well-rewarding报酬丰厚的。根据上文“The new sod was sitting in the driveway on tour pallets, but the job was”可知，but表示转折，表明虽然新的草皮已经买好了放在了车道上，但是工作进展仍然很缓慢。故选C。【25题

85、详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时40岁的吉恩感觉不舒服。A. right正确的；B. excited激动的；C. lonely寂寞的；D. afraid害怕的。结合后文“holding his chest tightly”可知，吉恩当时感觉不舒服。feel right表示“感觉良好”。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他走进去想休息一下，却倒在沙发上，紧紧地捂着胸口。A. shower淋浴；B. break休息；C. picture图片；D. walk散步。根据后文“and fell on the sofa, holding his chest tightly”可知，吉恩当时感

86、觉不舒服，所以是走进屋里想休息一下，take a break“休息”。故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的妻子，梅丽莎沃克，迅速拨打了911。A. quickly快速地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. personally亲自地；D. suddenly突然。上文提到吉恩捂着胸口，身体不舒服，他的妻子所以迅速拨打了911。故选A。【28题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：尽管他在死神的注视下，但吉恩脑子里想的只有一件事：那块草坪。A. As though好像；B. Now that既然；C. If only只要；D. Even though尽管。此处为让步状语从句，表示“尽

87、管他在死神的注视下”应用even though。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果那天不把草皮放下来，它就会死掉。A. disappear消失；B. die死亡；C. grow生长；D. fade褪色。根据常识，草皮如果当天不铺设好，在炎热的天气里就会死掉。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在他心脏病发作的时候，他一直求我把草皮放下来，因为他不想让它白白浪费，”梅丽莎在脸书上写道。A. ordering命令；B. begging乞讨；C. helping帮助；D. inviting邀请。根据后文“me to have it put down”可知，吉恩恳求妻子把草

88、皮放下来，it指的是那块新草皮。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在他心脏病发作的时候，他一直求我把草皮放下来，因为他不想让它白白浪费，”梅丽莎在脸书上写道。A. pieces块，片；B. seed种子；C. waste浪费，废物；D. service服务。上文提到如果草皮当天不放下来就会死掉，就浪费了，所以吉恩是因为不想浪费草皮，才恳求妻子把草皮放好的。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，帕斯科县的消防队赶到了现场，把吉恩和梅丽莎送到了医院，留下Rouco处理院子。A. hospital医院；B. garden花园；C. fire station消防站；D. I

89、nternet company网络公司。根据倒数第二段中“Gene had surgery in his heart, easing a potentially deadly blockage.”可知，吉恩接受了手术，说明消防队把他和他妻子送到了医院，故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，帕斯科县的消防队赶到了现场，把吉恩和梅丽莎送到了医院，留下Rouco处理院子。A. car汽车；B. house房子；C. road道路；D. yard院子。根据后文“He was about to lay the new sod”可知，留下了Rouco处理院子里的草皮。故选D。【34题详解】考

90、查形容词词义辨析。句意：不到一个小时，他就把旧草皮移走了。A. old旧的，老的；B. muddy泥泞的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. soft柔软的。根据后文“He was about to lay the new sod”可知，要铺设新的草皮了，说明Rouco花了一个小时把旧的草皮移走了。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正准备铺开新的草皮，他担心这会把他拖到深夜，这时两辆急救车出现了。A. promised承诺；B. feared担心，畏惧；C. advocated提倡；D. admitted承认。根据后文“would take him well into the nig

91、ht”可知，Rouco担心铺设新的草皮会让他干到深夜。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有七个人下了车，就是给他哥哥治病的那些人。A. extra额外的；B. educated有教养的；C. same同样的；D. wounded受伤的。根据后文“ones who had treated his brother”可知，这七个人和治疗他哥哥的是同一批人，the same“一样的”。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们回来帮忙是因为吉恩告诉他们。他多么想把草皮弄下来。A. agreed同意；B. avoided避免；C. returned回来，返回；D. refused拒

92、绝。结合上文“when two emergency vehicles appeared”可知，这七个人是开着急救车回来（returned）帮吉恩铺设草皮的。最后一段中“then came back to save his grass”也有提示。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项工作不到两小时就完成了。A. operation操作；B. survey调查表；C. experiment实验；D. job工作。根据后文“was done in under two hours”可知，此处指的是铺设草皮这项工作不到两个小时就完工了。故选D。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，

93、吉恩进行了心脏手术，缓解了可能致命的心脏阻塞。A. Meanwhile同时；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。结合上文可知，在七个人帮助吉恩铺设草皮的同时（Meanwhile），吉恩也进行了心脏手术。故选A。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这些人，”梅丽莎告诉，“拯救了吉恩的生命，然后又回来挽救了他的草皮。这太棒了。”A. challenging挑战的；B. coincident一致的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. awesome极好的。结合上文“saved Genes life, and then came back

94、to save his grass.”可知，这些人不仅救了吉恩的命，还回来帮他铺草皮，对此梅丽莎应当是赞叹他们的行为太棒了。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The successful launch of the probe（探测器）Tianwen l on Thursday in Wenchang, South Chinas Hainan province, marks the _41_ (begin) of the countrys efforts to find out more about Mars.T

95、he probe will travel about seven months_42_ it reaches Mars, where it will place a rover（火星车）to wander around the surface. The rover, which has yet to be named, is l.85 meters tall and _43_ (weigh) about 240 kilograms. It has six wheels and four solar panels and will be able to move _44_ a speed of

96、200 meters per hour on Mars. The rover carries six_45_ (science)instruments including a multispectral camera, subsurface penetrating radar and a meteorological measuring device. It will use the instruments _46_ (examine) Mars surface compositions, geological structures, environment and possibly wate

97、r.The vehicle _47_ (expect) to operate for about three months on _48_planet. It is of great significance to humankinds exploration of outer space. If the _49_ (high) autonomous machine works well, it will become the worlds fifth operational Mars rover, _50_ (follow) the previous four from the United

98、 States.【答案】41. beginning 42. before/until 43. weighs 44. at/with 45. scientific 46. to examine 47. is expected 48. the 49. highly 50. following【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国“天问一号”火星探测器的成功发射及其重要的科学价值。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：周四， “天问一号”探测器在文昌成功发射，标志着中国开始努力探索更多关于火星的信息。定冠词the后加名词或动名词，begin为动词，对应的名词形式为beginning。the beginn

99、ing of.意为“.的开始”。故填beginning。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：探测器将耗时7个月才能到达火星。根据句意可知，在火星到达之前，探测器将在太空航行7个月。此处应填“在.之前”，故可用before；此外，当主句用延续性的谓语动词时，until也可引导时间状语从句，意为“直到.为止”。故填before/until。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：这个还未命名的火星车高1.85米，重约240公斤。根据句意，该复合句中第二个分句缺少谓语动词， weigh即为动词，意为“重达.”。此外，经分析可知，该句时态为一般现在时。主语为The rover，故填weights。【44题详解】考查介

100、词。句意：它有六个轮子和四块太阳能电池板，能够在火星上以每小时200米的速度移动。“以.的速度”可用at a speed of，也可用with a speed of。故填at/with。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：探测车携带了六种科学仪器。instrument为名词，应用形容词进行修饰，science的形容词形式为scientific。故填scientific。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它将使用这些仪器来研究火星的表面组成、地质结构、环境，可能还有水。分析句意可知，使用这些仪器的目的是进行研究，需使用目的状语。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，其中，t

101、o do作目的状语。故填to examine。【47题详解】考查时态语态。句意：该探测器预计将在地球上运行三个月左右。主语the vehicle与动词expect之间是被动的关系，应为“探测器被人们赋予某种希望”，所以能采用被动语态（be+过去分词）。又结合时态可知，使用一般现在时的被动语态即可。故填is expected。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意：该车预计将在火星上运行三个月左右。前文已知该星球（planet）为火星，所以此处应使用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：如果这台高度自动化的机器运转良好，它将成为继美国之后世界上第五台运行中的火星探测器。auton

102、omous（自动化的）为形容词，应用副词修饰。highly autonomous意为“高度自动化的”。故填highly。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果这台高度自动化的机器运转良好，它将成为继美国之后世界上第五台运行中的火星探测器。分析句子可知，该句主句结构完整，缺少状语，可用非谓语动词引导。且it和follow（跟随，在之后）之间为主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式（following），作状语。故填following。第三节 选词填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面三段文本，从每段文本方框的词或短语中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。文本1根据句意，选

103、择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。Acurious Bbeneath Csatisfied DboredEglory Fchallenged GinspectionI asked Junyan what she liked most about her job and she said that although there wasnt much _51_ in a reporters existence, she found it interesting and challenging. Im never_52_with this job! She added that as a report

104、er she needed many different skills and was constantly _53_ to learn new things. Finally, I asked her if after many years she still felt_54_ Smiling brightly, she told me, Nothing that I learned from my mother has ever left me. Today when Im looking for stories, I still feel like Im turning over sto

105、nes to see what might be hiding _55_ !【答案】51. E 52. D 53. F 54. A 55. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。在本文中，Junyan分享了她对自己的记者工作的热爱并解释了原因。【51题详解】考查名词。句意：虽然记者的生活没有多少荣耀，但她觉得这份工作很有趣，也很有挑战性。分析句子可知，there wasnt much 后面跟名词，所给单词中只有glory和inspection为名词，而inspection意为“检查”，不符合句意，应选glory（荣耀），表示这份工作虽然没有荣耀，但是很有趣，转折自然。故填E。【52题详解】考查形容词。句意

106、：我从来没有厌倦过这份工作! 根据上文“he found it interesting and challenging.(她发现它是有趣的，有挑战性的)”分析句子可知，be动词am后加形容词或名词。而be bored with为固定搭配，意为“对厌倦”。故填D。【53题详解】考查动词。句意：她补充说，作为一名记者，她需要许多不同的技能，并不断接受挑战，学习新事物。根据句意，学习新事物应该是很有挑战性。分析句子可知，主语she与动词challenge之间是被动关系，所以用challenged。故填F。【54题详解】考查形容词。句意：最后，我问她过了这么多年，她是否仍然感到好奇。感官系动词felt

107、（feel）后跟形容词。此外，根据后文“Today when Im looking for stories, I still feel like Im turning over stones to see what might be hiding beneath !”（今天，当我在寻找故事的时候，我仍然觉得自己像是在翻石头，看看下面可能隐藏着什么!）可知，应该是保持好奇心（curious），就像翻石头找东西一样。故填A。【55题详解】考查副词。句意：今天，当我在寻找故事的时候，我仍然觉得自己像是在翻石头，看看下面可能隐藏着什么! ”根据逻辑，翻开石头应该是翻看下面（beneath）藏着什么。故

108、填B。文本 2根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。Amarked Breleased Cintroduced DoptimisticEeager F recognized GobservedProfessor Mayer, _56_ by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to Peoples EQs, recently_57_the findings of a study on senior high school students. When some normal students were _58_to some

109、disabled students, they found that afterwards they were more willing to help people in difficulties. They also showed a better understanding of the disabled students feelings. At the same time, there was a_59_ change in the disabled students attitudes. They became more positive about their disabilit

110、ies and were more _60_to try new things. People with high EQs often have positive attitudes towards life and open minds to different ideas.【答案】56. F 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了在情商研究方面的专家迈尔教授公布了一项针对高中生的研究结果：一些正常的学生与残疾学生接触后，这些正常的学生会更愿意帮助有困难的人，同时残疾学生会变得更加积极自信。【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在研究人们的情商变化方面

111、，迈尔教授被许多人认为是首屈一指的专家，他最近公布了一项针对高中生的研究结果。空格所在的部分前后都是逗号，分析句意可知空格所在的部分是Professor Mayer的定语，故空格处填所给动词的非谓语形式，由空格后的by可知空格处填过去分词，根据语境可知此处指迈尔教授被许多人认为是首屈一指的专家。故答案为F。【57题详解】考查时态。句意：在研究人们的情商变化方面，迈尔教授被许多人认为是首屈一指的专家，他最近公布了一项针对高中生的研究结果。分析可知空格处是句子的谓语，由空格前的时间状语recently及下文的时态可知此处用一般过去时态，根据谓语动词与宾语“the findings of a stu

112、dy一项研究发现”语义上的合理搭配再结合选项可知B选项released（发布）能与“一项研究发现”搭配合理。故答案为B。【58题详解】考查被动语态。句意：当把一些正常的学生介绍给残疾学生时，他们发现后来他们更愿意帮助有困难的人。根据句意和空格前的were可知空格处填过去分词，共同构成被动语态结构，根据语境可知此处指把一些正常的学生介绍给残疾学生。故答案为C。【59题详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，残疾学生的态度发生了明显的变化。由空格前的冠词a及空格后的名词可以推断出空格处填形容词修饰该名词，结合语境可知此处指一个明显的变化，marked作为词，意为：显著的；有记号的。故答案为A。【60题详

113、解】考查固定短语。句意：他们对自己的残疾变得更积极，也更渴望尝试新事物。eager to do是一个固定短语，意为：迫不及待做；急于做；渴望做。故答案为E。文本 3根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。Adignity Bcherished Cprivacy DemergenciesEconservative F practices GannoyingLiving in a culture that is different from your own can be both an exciting and challenging experience. You have to lear

114、n different cultural _61_ and try to adapt to them.Chinese people do not have the same concept of _62_ as Americans do. They talk about topics such as ages, income or marital status, which Americans think is _63_ and intrusive.As is well known the Chinese like to save. They are always _64_ when they

115、 are planning to spend money. It is different in the USA, where far fewer families are saving money for_65_ and education than their Chinese counterparts.【答案】61. F 62. C 63. G 64. E 65. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。生活在一个与你自己的文化不同的文化中, 是一种既令人兴奋又具有挑战性的经历。你必须学习不同的文化习俗, 并努力去适应它们。作者介绍了中美之间的一些主要文化差异, 以帮助促进相互理解。【61题详解】根据

116、上文“ Living in a culture that is different from your own can be both an exciting and challenging experience.(生活在一个与你自己的文化不同的文化中，是一种既令人兴奋又具有挑战性的经历。)”可推断，你必须努力学习不同的文化习俗，努力的适应它们。F项practice“习俗”符合题意，故选F。【62题详解】根据下文They talk about topics such as ages, income or marital status(他们谈论诸如年龄、收入或婚姻状况等话题)可知，这些话题都是个

117、人隐私话题，因此推断中国人没有和美国人一样的隐私概念，privacy“隐私”符合题意，故选C。【63题详解】which引导定语从句，指代整个主句，“谈论诸如年龄，收入或婚姻状语这些话题”，再根据上文“Chinese people do not have the same concept of _2_ as Americans do(中国人没有和美国人一样的隐私概念)”可知，美国人有隐私概念，因此美国人认为这些话题是隐私，and连接并列成分，连接空格处和intrusive“打扰的”，因此推断annoying“令人讨厌的”符合题意，故选G。【64题详解】根据上文“As is well known,

118、 the Chinese like to save.(众所周知，中国人喜欢储蓄。)”，因此推断他们花钱的时候，总是保守的。conservative“保守的”，符合题意，故选E。【65题详解】根据和前文“As is well known, the Chinese like to save. They are always _4_ when they are planning to spend money.”和上文“It is different in the USA(在美国是不同的)”可知，中国人喜欢节省，他们在花钱的时候总是很保守。但美国的情况不同，因此推断与中国同行相比，很少有美国家庭为紧急

119、情况和教育存钱。emergency“紧急情况”符合题意，故选D。第四部分 写作（共三节，满分50分）第一节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据句子中文意思，把句子补充完整。66. 如果珍妮不是这么善良和愿意原谅我的缺点的话，我就体会不到这段真正的友谊。If Jenny hadnt been a kind person who_my shortcomings, I would never have experienced such true friendship. 【答案】was willing to forgive【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。分析句子可知，设空处是定语从句谓语

120、部分，此处涉及到短语be willing to do sth.“乐意做某事”，该词作为从句谓语；if引导虚拟条件状语从句，由hadnt been可知此处表达与过去事实相反的情况，由此可知，本句使用一般过去时；主语who指代上文的a kind person，是第三人称单数，故be动词用was；“原谅”是forgive，在be willing to后面用原形。故填was willing to forgive。67. 我们高兴地唱着圣诞颂歌，讲着笑话，戴上傻傻的纸帽子，哈哈大笑。We sang Christmas carols happily, laughed at jokes，_and laugh

121、ed again【答案】put on silly paper hats【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配及时态。“put on”意为“穿、戴”，强调动作。由于句中谓语动词时态为一般过去时，且为过去发生的一系列动词，因此空格处谓语动词“put on”的时态也需用一般过去时，“put”的过去式为“put”。句中“傻傻的纸帽子”中名词“帽子”即“hat”为可数名词，且此处不止一顶帽子，故需用其复数形式“hats”，故译为“silly paper hats”。故填put on silly paper hats。【点睛】“put on”意为“穿、戴”，强调动作；“wear” 意为“穿、戴”，强调状态。68.

122、当经理告诉我下岗时，我脑海一片空白，怒火满腔。When my manager told me that l would be laid off,_ and my heart swelled with anger【答案】my mind went blank【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。分析句子可知，逗号后是主句；结合中英文提示可知，设空处涉及到短语go blank“变成空白”，该词作为句子谓语动词，结合语境和下文的swelled可知用一般过去时，此部分的主语为my mind“我的思维/大脑”。故填my mind went blank。69. 突然，天空被乌云覆盖，我们在刹那间被卷入了可怕的暴风

123、雨中。All at once, the sky_and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. 【答案】was covered with dark clouds【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语提示，“被所覆盖”可译为be covered with，“乌云”可译为dark clouds，分析句子成分可知，主语为the sky，所设空处为谓语，为单数形式，空后的were 表明用一般过去时，根据语境，故填was covered with dark clouds。70. 当宇航员走出飞船，他微笑并向人群挥手。When the astr

124、onaut climbed out of the spaceship，he _. 【答案】smiled and waved to the crowds【解析】【详解】考查时态。由从句谓语 climbed 用一般过去时可知，主从句时态保持一致，主句时态也用一般过去时，主句两个谓语smiled和waved，表对象用“to”，人群用“the crowds”。故填smiled and waved to the crowds。第二节 语篇翻译（满分15分）请把下面拆分成五句话的语篇翻译成英文。71. 我做过的最重要的一件事发生在1990年10月8日。(汉译英）【答案】The most important

125、 thing that Ive ever done happened on October 81990.【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和时态。分析句子可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时；主语为The most important thing，谓语为happened。时间具体到了几月几日，因此时间介词用on。此外句中修饰thing的定语还有“我做过的”，此处为一个句子，故为定语从句。从句中缺少宾语，故关系词应从关系代词中选，且句中先行词“thing”被形容词最高级所修饰，故关系代词只能用that。故此处定语从句为“that Ive ever done”。故翻译为：The most important

126、 thing that Ive ever done happened on October 8,1990.72. 我以和一位好久不见的老朋友打网球开始了那一天。(汉译英）【答案】I began the day playing tennis with an old friend I hadnt seen for a while.【解析】【详解】考查时态与固定短语。和某人打网球： play tennis with sb；一位老朋友： an old friend；根据汉语提示中的“开始了那一天”可知此部分用一般过去时态，翻译成：I began the day。分析可知“好久不见”的动作发生在bega

127、n之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时态，此部分翻译成：I hadnt seen for a while，此句作定语修饰an old friend；an old friend在定语从句中充当宾语的成分，引导词who可以省略；句子的谓语是began，则其他动词要用非谓语形式，I与play是逻辑上的主动关系，故用play的现在分词形式，此处作状语，综上所述答案为：I began the day playing tennis with an old friend I hadnt seen for a while.73. 当我们正在打球时，一辆汽车在路上呼啸而来，驶向球场。(汉译英）【答案】While

128、we were playing, a car came screaming up the road toward the courts.【解析】【详解】考查时态、固定搭配和现在分词。由句意可知，本句可由While引导时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时，固定搭配scream up（呼啸、尖叫起来），从句主语we，从句谓语were playing，主句主语 a car，主句谓语came，主句主语 a car和动词短语scream up是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动作状语，即 screaming up the road，球场“courts”；再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：

129、While we were playing, a car came screaming up the road toward the courts。74. 正是我朋友的母亲，对我的朋友大声喊道他的孩子已经停止呼吸，正在被送往医院。(汉译英）【答案】It was my friends mother who shouted to my friend that his baby had stopped breathing and was being rushed to the hospital.【解析】【详解】考查定语从句、强调句和时态。分析句子可知，本句为强调句：it is/was+强调成分+wh

130、o/that+其他， “It was my friends mother, who shouted to my friend”此句式中强调“my friends mother”；以及由that引导的宾语从句“my friend that his baby had stopped breathing and was being rushed to the hospital.” that引导的从句作shout to的宾语。讲述过去的事情用一般过去时，又因她的孩子停止了呼吸的动作发生在shouted to之前，故应用过去完成时had done；再根据句意是指此时正在被送往医院，故rush应用过去进行

131、时的被动语态was/were being done，故翻译为：It was my friends mother who shouted to my friend that his baby had stopped breathing and was being rushed to the hospital.75. 一瞬间，我的朋友已经在车上，消失在一团尘土中。(汉译英）【答案】In a flash my friend was in the car, disappearing in a cloud of dust.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语、时态和非谓语动词。根据汉语意思“一瞬间”可知短语为i

132、n a flash；表示“一团尘土”短语为 a cloud of dust；结合语境可知此处应用一般过去时，主语为my friend，谓语动词应用单数，且表示“消失”应用动词disappear，在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语my friend构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故翻译为In a flash my friend was in the car, disappearing in a cloud of dust.第三节 书面表达（满分25分）76. 假定你是李华，在外教Bill的指导下，你获得了英语演讲比赛一等奖。请写一封电子邮件向他描述比赛情况并表达感谢。_【答案】Dear b

133、ill,I am writing to tell you that I took part in the English speech contest held in our school yesterday. As the only one from my class, I had to challenge the other 15 excellent participants selected from the whole school. When it was my turn, I got a little bit nervous at first, but soon I calmed

134、down at the thought of your words and suggestions. As you predicted, everything went smoothly and I performed perfectly. Although the question-and-answer section was the most challenging, I managed to finish it with the techniques you had taught me. When the judge announced the result, I wasnt surpr

135、ised at all but quite excited! I got the first prize in the contest! Thank you very much, Bill, for your unselfish and careful help.I am looking forward to seeing you again. Id like to show you the contest video. Again, thanks a lot.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生以李华的名义给外教Bill写一封电子邮件向他描

136、述比赛情况并表达感谢。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，在外教Bill的指导下，你获得了英语演讲比赛一等奖。请写一封电子邮件向他描述比赛情况并表达感谢。内容包括：1.描述比赛；2.表达感谢第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：take part in（参与）; select（选择）; get a little nervous（变得有点紧张）; predict（预测）; get the first prize（获得一等奖）; look forward to（期待）; show sb. sth.（给某人看某物） 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文

137、章主要应用一般过去时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：As you predicted, everything went smoothly and I performed perfectly.as引导非限制性定语从句；When the judge announced the result, I wasnt surprised at all but quite excited!中when引导时间状语从句。