2020版高考英语新设计大一轮人教新高考（浙鲁京琼）版讲义：必修四 UNIT 4 WORD版含答案.doc

1、阅读词汇请匹配下列单词与其词义1flightAn.面颊2Cheek Bn.飞行；航班3dash Cadj.面部的4Crossroad Dn.十字路口5facial Evi.猛冲；突进6cassette Fadj.主观的7yawn Gn.磁带8subjective Hn.等级；军衔9rank In.姿势；体态10posture Jvi.打呵欠答案1.B2.A3.E4.D5.C6.G7.J8.F9.H10.I高频词汇请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1hug her tightly紧紧地拥抱她2approach ones home快到家3represent the country代表国家4ease sbs

2、 anxiety减轻某人的忧虑5defend the motherland保卫祖国6major subjects主修(专业)课程7the function of the heart心脏的功能8the likeliest candidates最有可能当选的候选人9the responsibilities of adult life成人时期的种种责任10in the staff canteen在职工食堂11live in dormitories住集体宿舍12be filled with anger充满愤怒拓展词汇请填入括号内单词的正确形式1He said without the job, he w

3、ould simply(simple) have too much time and would just do what I did back in college.(2018浙江6月卷)2My name is Li Hua and I am writing to apply for the post of volunteer for our school English association(associate)(2018浙江6月卷)3Under such circumstances, smart firms need to find ways to let their employee

4、s(employ) have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently.4If successful, the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement(state)(2016浙江10月卷)5To tell you the truth, Im truly(true) grateful for your helping me make my drea

5、m come true.6In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence(defend) and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.7The teacher often asks us to make use of every chance we get to improve our spoken (speak) English.8If you misunderstand somebody, its likely to lead t

6、o misunderstanding(misunderstand)9The curious boy looked at the box curiously and then he opened it out of curiosity(curious)必会短语请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1lose_face丢脸2in_general总的来说；通常3on_the_contrary相反地4be_curious_about the world around you对你周围的世界感到新奇5get_close_to wild animals靠近野生动物6turn_ones_back_to the audie

7、nce背对着观众7be_likely_to be crucial很可能起决定性作用8defend the country against its enemies保卫国家不受敌人的侵袭9make her feel at_ease使她感到舒适必仿佳句1.原句 The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.2原句 Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comf

8、ortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.3原句 However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.1仿写 我儿子高兴地对我说他是他们班第三个完成作业并且唯一一个得满分的人。My son told me gladly that he was the_third_person_to_finish_t

9、he_homework and the_only_one_to_get_full_marks in his class.2仿写 并不是所有人都愿意做这样的工作，因为它对于有些人来说太难了。Not_all_are_willing_to_do_such_work,_for it is quite hard for some of them.3仿写 如果你努力学习，你很有可能考入理想的大学。If you study hard, you are_likely_to_be_admitted_to your dreaming university.1.represent vt.代表；象征；(向人)说明(1

10、)represent oneself as/to be.自称是represent sth to sb 向某人说明或传达某事(2)representative n. 代表，议员adj. 典型的，有代表性的单句语法填空/完成句子She represents herself to_be (be) the kindest mother in the world.The subject is so difficult; I really dont know how_to_represent_it_to_you (如何向你表达)佳句背诵 Last but not least, I feel it an h

11、onour to represent my class to take part in the group dancing competition.最后但同样重要的是，我觉得代表我班参加小组跳舞比赛非常荣幸。名师指津 represent作“说明，传达”讲时不能直接跟人作宾语，常用结构为represent sth to sb或represent to sb sth。类似的单词还有explain, relate (叙述), announce等。2.curious adj.好奇的(1)be curious about对感到好奇be curious to do sth 渴望做某事(2)curiousl

12、y adv. 好奇地(3)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心out of curiosity 出于好奇(心)单句语法填空/完成句子Im curious to_know (know) what has happened to him.It is good to_be_curious_about_the_world_around_you(对你周围的世界感到好奇) because curiosity_is_the_best_teacher(好奇心是最好的老师)佳句背诵 Chinese students are curious about the school life of American s

13、tudents.中国学生对美国学生的学校生活非常好奇。3.ease n安逸；舒适 vt.减轻 (痛苦、忧虑)(1)with ease轻易地；毫不费力地at ease 舒适，悠闲，自在put/set sb at ease 使某人放松/自在(2)ease sb of sth 使某人消除/减轻单句语法填空/句型转换Walking helped to ease him of his pain.His behaviour did nothing to ease my mind.His behaviour did nothing to put/set_me_at_ease(ease n)佳句背诵 His

14、mind was at ease knowing that the children were safe.听说孩子们都安全，他才放下心来。4.approach vt.& vi.接近；靠近 n接近；方法；途径；步骤approach sb/sth靠近/接近某人/某物(an) approach to 通往的路，近似；(做某事)的方法或途径at the approach of 在快到的时候单句语法填空/句式升级At the approach of graduation, we are busy with our papers.The approach of winter brings the cold

15、 weather.As winter_is_approaching,_the weather becomes cold.With winter_approaching,_the weather becomes cold.佳句背诵 Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.勇于面对你的问题而不是逃避它们是解决事情的最好办法。名师指津 approach表示“的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；而way后常接of或to do sth。5

16、.defend vt.保护；保卫(1)defend oneself自卫；自我辩护defend.from/against 保卫免受/抵抗(2)defencedefense n. 防御；保卫in defence of 保卫；为辩护单句语法填空/句式升级Mr Green stood up in defence (defend) of the boy, saying he was not the one to blame.Some think that students should be trained in defence of some attacks.Some think that stude

17、nts should be trained to_defend_themselves_against some attacks.(defend)佳句背诵 The wall was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea.建这个围墙是为了保护这条路不被海水冲垮。6.major adj.主要的；重要的 n专业 vi.主修(1)major in主修(2) majority n. 多数，大半in the majority 占大多数the majority of 大多数单句语法填空/句式升级He had a bitter qu

18、arrel with his parents about what he would major in at Stanford University.Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, most of them are over the age of fifty.Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the_majority_of_them are over the age of f

19、ifty.7.function n作用；功能；职能 vi.起作用；运转function as担任，起作用单句语法填空/完成句子The sofa can also function as a bed.All members carry out their_own_particular_functions所有成员都有自己特定的功能。佳句背诵 The machine will not function properly if it is not kept welloiled.机器没有上好油，就不会顺利地运转。8.association n协会，社团；结合，联合；交往in association wi

20、th与联合/结交/有关联have an association with. 与有联系单句语法填空The film was produced in association with an independent company.The city has had a long association with the mining industry.9.in general总的来说；通常generally speaking通常来说；总的来说on the wholeto be short/briefto sum up 总的来说as a general rule 一般而言；通常单句语法填空/完成句子P

21、eter can be really difficult to deal with at times even though hes a nice person in general.In eneral/Generally_speaking/On_the_whole/To_be_short/brief/To_sum_up (总体来说), parents care more about their childrens health than about their own.10.lose face丢脸；失面子(1)save ones face挽回面子make a face 做个鬼脸(2)in t

22、he face of 面对 (问题、困难、危险等)单句语法填空/完成句子He has courage in the face of challenges and misunderstandings.Rather than admit failure, Frank made_a_face(做了个鬼脸) in order to save_his_face(保全面子)佳句背诵 Youll lose face if you dont keep your promise.你如果没有遵守诺言，会丢脸的。11.The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from C

23、olombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅史密斯。the first (one/person) to do sth“第一个做某事的人”(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级及next, only, last等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语(2)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词单句语法填空/完成句子The room is the best environment to_work (wo

24、rk) in.Amy was the_only_person_to_witness(唯一一位目睹) the car accident.佳句背诵 He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.他是一个总是吃苦在前，享乐在后的人。12.However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are_more_likely_to_touch them.但是，

25、来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能会用身体接触对方。(1)Sb/Sth be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事；有希望做某事(2)Its likelythat.有可能单句语法填空/句式升级That means the price is likely to_go (go) down because of the competition. He is likely to set a world record again in the coming year.It_is_likely_that he will set a world record

26、again in the coming year.名师指津 likely主语既可以是人也可以是物。但不可以说“It is likely for sb to do sth”。.阅读教材VS高考之一Body language is a form of nonverbal communication.People understand what we say through bodily gestures and facial expressions, which have similar efficacy to spoken language.For instance, swinging your

27、 fist represents your anger and yawning means being bored.However, body language varies.Some people approach or hug others when greeting while others keep a distance.A Chinese may curiously watch two men kiss on both cheeks.Sometimes ones false smile causes misunderstanding.Based on the statements a

28、bove, knowing major differences between cultural customs is vital if you want to feel at ease in crosscultural communication.1写出黑体词汇在语境中的词性和词义adj.面部的vt.代表；表示vi.打呵欠 vt.拥抱vi.迎接；问候 adj.假的，虚伪的adj.主要的 n.安逸；舒适2Which of the following can replace the underlined “efficacy”？AflightBfunction CpostureDrank答案B.完

29、形教材VS高考之二Some believe that money is the only approach to being happy, and they are _1_ about how the billionaires earn so much money.And some think that if health is gone, they are _2_ to lose everything.Some think feeling _3_ is the most important.Still others believe that money is dignity.They thi

30、nk if they dont have a lot of money, they will _4_They think the first thing to consider is to earn enough money.In my opinion, money cant _5_ happiness, while being at ease will take away your ambition.In general, I think health is of great importance.1A.subjectiveBmajorCcuriousDangry2A.likelyBtrue

31、CassociatedDrespectful3A.on the contraryBin generalCin needDat ease4A.defend oneselfBsum upClose faceDtake ones ease5A.misreadBrepresentCgreetDapproach答案1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B.语法填空教材VS高考之三When you greet others, what method will you rank first, using spoken statement or 1.unspoken(spoken) gestures or both o

32、f them? If you are not sure, you may lose face or 2.be_misunderstood(misunderstand) by others or even bring about anger of others.Whether you are in the dormitory or the canteen, we are using body language to help us express ourselves.3.Nodding(nod) represents agreement while raising your fist repre

33、sents disagreement.Hugs are in association 4.with kindness and curious facial expressions refer to interest.When you are on the flight, you cant approach a stranger too close, 5.who may defend himself by keeping a safe distance.Your smiles on your 6.cheeks(cheek) may ease his or her worry but their

34、false subjective judgement has functioned and he would be likely 7.to_turn(turn) his back to your proposals in 8.defence(defend) of himself.写作教材VS高考之四请根据下面提示，写一篇说明文，介绍“肢体语言”在不同文化中的差异及在交流中的重要性。1不同文化背景的人们对手势可能产生误会；2点头意思的不同；3直视别人意思的不同；4在国外生活必须了解当地的肢体语言。注意：1.词数不少于60；2至少使用5个所提示的关键词语。提示词：misunderstand, ge

35、sture, nod, agree with, disagreement, listen, attentively, rude, important, have a good understanding of【参考范文】Body language is a way of communication.However, people from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use.For example, when we nod at somebody we mean we agree with his opinion

36、.But in some countries nodding ones head means disagreement.We generally think looking at somebody in the eye shows that we are listening to him attentively, while in some nations, it is rude.People may have different body languages even if they live in the same country.Therefore it is very importan

37、t for you to have a good understanding of the body language there if you are in a foreign country.阅读理解AWhen high school student Chen Yifan crashed his bicycle into a parked BMW，he could have just picked himself up and ridden away.Nobody had seen him hit the car.The damage he had caused would surely

38、be expensive to fix.But instead of running away，Chen wrote a letter of apology and put 311 yuan in the envelope.It was all the money he had from working parttime during the winter vacation.When the cars owner，52yearold Xue Zhanmin，discovered the damage the next morning，he was very angry.But Xues att

39、itude changed when he spotted the letter and began to read.“I read the letter and was moved by the students honesty，” he said.“Everyone makes mistakes，but whats important is that you take responsibility for those mistakes.”Xue wanted to find Chen，but Chen had not left his name on the letter.So he tu

40、rned to the police and told them his plan.He asked the police to help him look for Chen so that he could reward his honesty.It took a few days for the police to find Chen.When Chens mother learned what had happened，she offered to compensate Xue for all his losses，but the offer was refused.Instead，Xu

41、e said he would give Chen 10，000 yuan to finance his further education.He appreciated the boys honesty and wanted to encourage him to continue making the right decisions in life.Chens mother said Xues reaction was sure to have a positive effect on her son.“The accident was my sons fault，but it was c

42、omforting to hear he had a sense of responsibility，” she said.“He told me that，in future，he will also do his best to reward the kindness of strangers.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。中学生骑车撞宝马留道歉信并赔311元。车主被他的诚实所感动，反送他1万元资助他上学。1What did Chen Yifan do after crashing his bicycle into the car?AHe waited for the car owner

43、.BHe called the police immediately.CHe rode away as quickly as possible.DHe wrote a letter of apology and left all his money.答案D细节理解题。根据第一段“But instead of running.parttime during the winter vacation.”可知，Chen Yifan在骑车撞了宝马车后没有立即骑车离开，而是写了一封道歉信并把身上所有的钱留给了车主。2After finding Chen，Xue Zhanmin _Awanted to gi

44、ve Chen a lessonBasked Chen to call his parentsCgave Chens money back to himDoffered to give Chen a reward答案D细节理解题。根据第三段“.so that he could reward his honesty.”及第四段“Instead，Xue said he would give Chen 10，000 yuan to finance his further education.”可知，在找到Chen后，Xue Zhanmin主动提出要奖励他。3Which of the followin

45、g is the theme of the passage?ASympathy.BHonesty.CCourage.DEnthusiasm.答案B主旨大意题。本文讲述了中学生Chen Yifan不小心骑车撞到了一辆停着的宝马车，他没有逃走，而是给车主写了一封道歉信并将身上打工挣的所有的钱留给了车主。车主被Chen Yifan的诚实所感动，经过一番努力，车主终于找到了Chen Yifan，并奖励他一万元，资助他的学业。因此本文的主题应该是“诚实”。BAs you lie on the ground with your hands behind your head and your knees b

46、ent, you lift your upper body towards your knees.Thats how you do a traditional situp, an exercise many of us have been doing since elementary school.However, the benefits of this abdominal (腹部的) workout are now in doubt.Earlier last month, an editorial from the Navy Times, a US military publication

47、, said that the situp is “viewed as a key cause of lower back injuries”A study conducted by the US National Center for Biotechnology Information confirmed that 56 percent of the injuries in the US armys fitness test result from situps.The Canadian Armed Forces banished the situp from its fitness tes

48、t for the same reason.In addition to its health disadvantages, the situp is also seen as lacking efficiency.A new report from Harvard Medical School showed that traditional situps only target certain muscle groups instead of strengthening the entire set of core muscles.Situps can be practiced in dif

49、ferent ways, and the variations range from Vups, Swiss ball situps and reverse situps.The injury risk not only depends on the variations that people use, but also on an individuals physical wellbeing.John Childs is the CEO of Evidence in Motion, a US company that trains physical therapists, and he r

50、emains skeptical about the latest study against situps.He acknowledges that situps can increase the stress placed on backs, but he doesnt see a direct link between situps and back pain.“The most important thing is for people to perform exercises they enjoy so theyll continue doing them，” Childs told

51、 The Wall Street Journal.“Staying active and doing regular exercise the oldfashioned way is far more advantageous than doing nothing.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。最近的研究对仰卧起坐有益于腹部健康这一观点提出了质疑。4The underlined word “banished” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”AcancelledBprotectedCacceptedDcriticized答案A词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句以及

52、下文内容可推知，由于56%的美国军队体能测试受伤案例都是由仰卧起坐引起的，因此，加拿大武装部队应该是以这个理由将仰卧起坐从其体能测试中剔除。A项意为“取消，废除”；B项意为“保护”；C项意为“接受”；D项意为“批评，批判”。故选A。5Which of the following might be John Childs opinion on situps?AHe realizes the latest study about situps is worth considering.BHe acknowledges they cause back pain.CHe suggests that i

53、f people keep doing them, they will enjoy them.DHe is positive about them despite the disadvantages.答案D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句和最后一段最后一句“Staying active and doing regular exercise the oldfashioned way is far more advantageous than doing nothing.”可推知，尽管仰卧起坐有缺点，但John Childs仍对仰卧起坐持肯定态度。故选D。6.What can be the be

54、st title for the text?ABuilding up Your BodyBReassessing the SitupCA New Study on Performing ExercisesDA Good Way for Abdominal Trainingthe Situp答案B标题归纳题。文章探讨了仰卧起坐这种传统运动。很多人从小学就开始接触这项运动，认为它有助于身体健康。不过现在这项腹肌训练的效果受到了质疑。文章通过具体的实例说明了传统的仰卧起坐是一种不利于健康且低效的运动。因此，B项“重新评价仰卧起坐”最能概括文章主旨。故选B。CIts 3 oclock and youv

55、e been hard at work.As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you.You try to busy yourself to make it go away.But it doesnt.Here is another situation.Perhaps you are not feeling well.The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mom used to make when

56、you were sick as a child.Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food.And they are normal.Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way.Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain.They even call it simply “stomach hunger”Wh

57、en our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten, a hormone (荷尔蒙) sends a message to one part of the brain for more food, which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst, hunger and sleep.The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat.Hunger is a function of s

58、urvival.A craving is more complex.It activates (使活跃) brain areas related to emotion, memory and reward.These are the same areas of the brain activated during drugcraving studies.So, some scientists call food craving “mind hunger”People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar.Foods that are

59、high in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain.These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that“dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving”So, the more you deny yourself a food that you wan

60、t, the more you may crave it.However, fasting is a bit different.They found that eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings.So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.【语篇解读】本文为议论文。主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。食物与情感有关

61、系，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。7What is the function of the first paragraph?ATo deepen the understanding of hunger.BTo lead to the topic of the whole passage.CTo report the discovery of craving study.DTo remind readers of their own special food.答案B推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific

62、type of food.And they are normal.”可知，第一段是为了引出整篇文章的话题。故选B项。8What do we learn about food craving?AIt means the stomach functions well.BIt ensures a person survives hunger.CIt shows food is linked to feelings.DIt proves the brain decides your appetite.答案C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“These chemicals give us feelings

63、 of pleasure.”可知，食物与情感有关系。故选C项。9Whats the likely result of dieting?AThe increase of food desire.BThe decrease of chemicals.CThe refusal of fat and sugar.DThe disappearance of appetite.答案A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“In a 2007 study.the possibility of food craving”可知，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。故选A项。10What does the passage

64、mainly discuss?AThe findings of food craving.BWhat hunger is all about.CThe functions of brain areas.DWhat dieting may bring us.答案A主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So，the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.”可知，本文主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。.阅读七选五(2019余姚中学模拟)I chos

65、e to study abroad because I knew I would be exposed to knowledge that I cant gain sitting inside a classroom._1_ I thought it would give me the chance to learn more about the country.I had been dreaming to study in China，because China has a rich history and culture，and it is a land of opportunity.As

66、 a visiting scholar，my dream became a reality last year._2_ However，I realized that I couldnt just live my whole life within my comfort zone.It was an unforgettable time.I learned much about the country，especially its language.What I enjoyed most is that whatever Mandarin (普通话) I learned in class，I

67、would use it outside to communicate with people._3_I believe that the key to a successful study abroad is the attitude you carry.Going to China，I had a very positive attitude._4_ I knew things would be different，but I learnt to embrace these differences.This has made me more culturally aware and mor

68、e appreciative of diversity，which added to my positive attitude.My life in China has given me selfawareness，and made me assess my career goals.I am also now able to connect with Chinese students on a deeper level._5_ Now，Im seeking for other chances to learn more about different cultures abroad.AI w

69、as openminded，and flexible.BAt first，I was nervous about starting this journey.CI have taken steps to continue learning about other cultures.DStudying abroad was one of the best decisions I have ever made.ELife in China has made me realize how passionate I am about diversity.FHaving the opportunity

70、to speak Mandarin every day really fostered my learning.GI knew that problems or conflict may arise，but I saw these as opportunities for learning.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了自己在中国留学的经历以及自己的感悟。1D根据空后句“I thought it would.about the country.(我想这会让我有机会来更多地了解这个国家。)”可知，该句是对设空句的解释说明，其中it指代的是“Studying abroad”这件事，因此D

71、项“出国留学是我做过的最正确的决定之一。”符合语境。2B根据空后句“However.my comfort zone.(然而，我意识到我不能一直生活在我的舒适区内。)”可知，空后句对设空句进行了转折，观察备选项可知，B项“起初，我对开始这次旅程感到很不安。”与空后句构成转折关系，符合语境。3F根据上文的“I learned much.its language.”可知，该段后面部分主要是说“我”来到中国后对语言的学习；再根据空前句“What I enjoyed most is that whatever Mandarin I learned in class.”可知，F项“每天都有机会说普通话真的

72、培养了我的学习能力。”符合语境。4A根据空前句“Going to China，I had a very positive attitude.”可知，“我”对去中国学习抱有积极的态度。再根据空后的“I knew things would be different，but I learnt to.”可知，“我”知道事情会有所不同，但“我”会适应这些不同，这体现了作者的灵活变通。故选A。5E根据空后句“Now，Im seeking for.different cultures abroad.(现在，我在寻找其他的机会来了解国外的不同文化。)”可知，E项“在中国的生活让我认识到我对多样性的浓厚兴趣。”符合语境，其中空后句中的different cultures与E项中的diversity相照应。