2020-2021学年外研版英语选修8课时作业：MODULE 1 FUNCTION AND GRAMMAR WORD版含解析.DOC

1、.阅读理解By the end of the century，if not sooner，the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplank

2、ton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplan

3、kton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend.Warming c

4、hanges key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MITs Center for Global Change Science，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout t

5、he century.In a world that warms up by 3，it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phyto

6、plankton，and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing，” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter？Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean，Dutkiewicz sai

7、d, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable，but they could mean significant changes.“Itll be a while before we ca

8、n statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change，”Dutkiewicz said，“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”本文是一篇说明文。调查表明，由于气候变暖，全球的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。1What are the first two paragraphs mainly abo

9、ut?AThe various patterns at the ocean surface.BThe cause of the changes in ocean colour.CThe way light reflects off marine organisms.DThe efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.答案：B解析：段落大意题。文章第一段点题：由于气候变暖，全球的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。第二段介绍由于光从生物体反射的方式，这些浮游植物在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案；气候变化又使得这些浮游植物在某些区域加速生长而在其他地方有所减少，导致

10、海洋表面的颜色变化。由此可知前两段讲了海洋颜色变化的原因，故B项正确。2What does the underlined word“vulnerable”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?ASensitive.BBeneficial.CSignificant. DUnnoticeable.答案：A解析：词义猜测题。后一句提到，气候变暖改变了海洋的主要特点并能影响浮游植物的生长，因为它们要生长不仅仅需要阳光和二氧化碳，也需要营养。由此可知，这些浮游植物对海洋变暖很敏感，故A项正确。3What can we learn from the passage?APhytoplan

11、kton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.BDutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changes.CPhytoplankton have been used to control global climate.DOceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.答案：D解析：推理判断题。由文章第四段信息“But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will m

12、ake conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener.”可知浮游植物多的区域海水会变得更绿，故D项正确。4What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.BTo analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.CTo explain the effects of climate change on oceans. DTo

13、introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.答案：C解析：主旨大意题。文章主要论述了随着气候变暖，全球的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿，即气候变化对海洋有影响，故C项正确。.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Once upon a time there was a great man.He had a bright and _1_ (cheer) little girl and the man loved her very much.When _2_ little girl was growing up, the m

14、an would hug her and tell her, “I love you, little girl.” The little girl would shout and say，“Im not a little girl anymore.” Then the man would laugh and say，“_3_ to me, youll always be my little girl.” The little girl, _4_ was not little anymore, left home and went into the world._5_ she went, the

15、 man would call her and say, “I love you, little girl.”One day the girl received a phone call, _6_ (say) the man was ill.He couldnt talk anymore and they werent sure whether he could understand the words _7_ (speak) to him.The little girl sat next _8_ the great man.Tears ran from both of their eyes.

16、Her head on his chest, she remembered the wonderful times together and the _9_ (protect) from him.And then she heard from within the man, the beat of his heart.His heart beat out the words that his mouth _10_ no longer sayI love you, little girl.1cheerful解析：考查词性转换。根据“and”可知，它前后两词词性要一致；由“bright”可知，此处

17、用形容词cheerful。2the解析：考查冠词。此处用定冠词the特指上文提到的小女孩。3but解析：考查连词。由语境可知，小女孩不愿意父亲说自己还小，但在父亲的眼里，她永远都是小孩。上下文构成转折关系，因此用but。4who解析：考查定语从句。根据先行词“The little girl”可知，此处用关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。5Wherever解析：考查让步状语从句。根据“went”可知，无论她走到哪里，爸爸总是给她打电话说爱她。此处用Wherever，意为“无论在哪儿”。6saying解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，有人打电话告知女孩，父亲病了。此处用saying作伴随状语。7spoken解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，他们不确定他能不能明白大家对他说的话。“words”与speak之间构成被动关系，因此用spoken作后置定语。8to解析：考查介词。句意：小女孩紧挨着父亲坐着。next to意为“紧挨着”，符合语境。9protection解析：考查词性转换。根据“the”以及“and”可知，此处用名词protection。10could解析：考查情态动词。根据语境可知，此处指他再也不能说“我爱你了”。全文用一般过去时，因此此处用could。