新教材2021-2022学年高中英语外研版必修第一册课件：UNIT 2　EXPLORING ENGLISH .ppt

1、Unit 2Exploring English必备词汇速记【重点单词快速记】titlen.题目;标题opposingadj.(观点,意见等)相反的,相对立的 uniqueadj.独一无二的,独特的alarmn.警报器,闹钟reflectv.显示,反映visibleadj.看得见的,可见的contactn.联系,联络likelyadj.可能的,可能发生的apartmentn.一套住房,公寓套房contextn.上下文,语境resourcen.资料,(教学)资源remindv.提醒,使想起commentn.评论downtownadj.在闹市区的,在城镇中心区的sectionn.区域downstai

2、rsadv.在楼下oddadj.奇特的,古怪的negativeadj.消极的,负面的recognisev.认识,辨认出basev.以为基础【拓展单词联想记】behavior n.举止,行为behave v.行为,表现 confusing adj.令人困惑的confused adj.混乱的,感到迷惑的confuse v.使迷惑confusion n.混淆,困惑creativity n.创造性,创造力creative adj.创造性的,有创造力的create v.创造unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的,不了解的familiar adj.熟悉的familiarly adv.熟悉地organiza

3、tion n.组 织;团 体 organise/organize vt.组 织;组 建organised/organized adj.有组织的addition n.增加物,添加物additional adj.额外的additionally adv.除此之外地entrance n.大门(口),入口(处)enter v.进入actually adv.事实上,实际上actual adj.实际的intend v.计划,打算intention n.打算,意图informal adj.(书写或言谈)非正式的formal adj.正式的formally adv.正式地【重点短语高效记】have troubl

4、e doing有困难做burn up烧毁,烧尽fill in填写wind up上发条,使结束lead to通向,导致deal with处理,对待come up with提出,想到come across偶然发现,偶然遇见add.to.把加入be aware of意识到,察觉到核心词汇探究Period 1Starting out&Understanding ideasNO.1 opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的,相对立的oppose v.反对【教材语境】If“hard”is the opposite of“soft”,why are“hardly”and“softly”not an

5、opposing pair?(P15)如果“hard”是“soft”的反义词,为什么“hardly”和“softly”却不是一对反义词呢?【语块归纳】oppose(doing)sth.反对(做)某事be opposed to sth.反对某事【语境助记】Some support the plan,while I am one of those who are opposed to it.有些人支持这项计划,而我是反对它的人之一。【链 接 高 考】(2020全 国 卷)The animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard to oppose wea

6、ring fur coats.动物保护人士聚集在好莱坞大道上,反对穿毛皮大衣。NO.2 behavio(u)r n.行为,举止;表现方式behave v.行为,举止【教材语境】If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions,why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same?(P15)如果无害的行为是有害的行为的反义词,为什么无耻的行为和可耻的行为是同义词呢?【语块归纳】behave well/badly举止得当/不得当behave oneself守规矩,行为检点【语境助记】The

7、young man behaved badly,which made his girlfriend angry.这个年轻人表现很差,这使他女朋友很生气。Behave yourself in public and you will win the respect of most people.在公众场合举止得体才能赢得大多数人的尊重。【链接高考】(2018北京高考)Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior,and correct bad habits.了解这些原因可以让我们审视自己的行为,纠正不良习惯。NO.3 confusing

8、adj.令人困惑的confusev.使困惑confusedadj.感到困惑的confusionn.困惑【教材语境】Even the smallest words can be confusing.(P15)即使是最简单的词也可能让人感到困惑。【语块归纳】confuse A with/and B把A和B混淆be confused about.对感到困惑in confusion困惑地;困窘地;乱七八糟的;处于混乱状态的Be careful not to confuse“abroad”with/and“aboard”.The two words are very similar.注意不要把“abro

9、ad”和“aboard”混淆了,这两个词非常相似。When you are confused about some words in reading,you can refer to the dictionary.当你在阅读中对一些单词感到困惑时,你可以查阅字典。He looked at me in confusion and did not answer the question.他困惑地看着我,没有回答问题。【巧学助记】They confused me by asking so many confusing questions.I was totally confused,standing

10、 there in confusion and not knowing what to do next.他们问了这么多令人困惑的问题,把我弄糊涂了,我站在那里不知所措,不知道下一步该怎么办。NO.4 reflect v.反射;反映;反思;显示reflection n.反射;反映;反思【教材语境】English was invented by people,not computers,and it reflects the creativity of the human race.(P15)英语是由人而不是电脑发明的,它反映了人类的创造力。【语块归纳】reflect on/upon sth.仔细

11、思考某事reflect sb./sth.in sth.(镜子等)映出某人/某物【语境助记】Your clothes are often a reflection of your personality.穿着往往反映一个人的个性。【链接高考】(2019全国卷)I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week.我反思我的一天是如何过去的,并思考本周剩下的时间。【巧学助记】The boy reflected on why the ground could reflect sunlight and water coul

12、d reflectthe mountains.这个男孩仔细思考为什么地面能反射阳光,水能映出群山。NO.5 have trouble(in)doing.做某事有困难【教材语境】Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English?(P14)你有没有问过自己,为什么人们常常觉得学习英语很困难?【语块归纳】in trouble处于困境中out of trouble摆脱困境get into trouble陷入困境take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛劳做某事;费神做某事have t

13、rouble with sth.做某事有困难【语境助记】Whenever we have trouble with our studies,our teachers always help us patiently.每当我们学习有困难时,老师总是耐心地帮助我们。I realized one kayak(皮划艇)was in trouble.我意识到一只皮划艇遇到麻烦了。Thanks for the trouble you have taken to help us.谢谢你费心地帮助我们。【链接高考】(2018天津高考)If your awareness is as sharp as it co

14、uld be,youll have no trouble answering these questions.如果你的意识足够敏锐,你就不会有任何困难回答这些问题了。【名师点津】可以省略介词in的短语短语“have trouble doing sth.”省略了doing前的介词in。可以省略介词in的短语还有:have difficulty(in)doing做某事有困难;have a problem/a hard time(in)doing 做某事有困难;be busy(in)doing忙于做某事;spend.(in)doing花做某事等。NO.6 burn up烧毁;烧尽【教材语境】You

15、also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down,in which you fill in a form by filling it out,and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!(P15)你也一定对一门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中,当一座房子被烧毁时它就烧毁了;你通过填写它的方式填写表格;闹钟只有在它响起时才被听到!【语块归纳】burn down烧毁,烧掉(多指建筑

16、物被烧塌);(使)烧成平地burn(sth.)out烧坏;燃尽burn.to the ground把彻底烧毁;全部焚毁【语境助记】If you forget to turn off the iron when you go away,you may burn down/up the house.如果你走开时忘了关掉熨斗,那么你有可能烧毁房子。Many of the wooden houses in the village were burned to the ground in the big fire.村庄里的许多木房子在这次大火中被烧成了灰烬。【名师点津】善变的“burn up”Usual

17、ly the satellites burn up about 100 km above the earth.(被)烧毁You know how much energy you will burn up during the relay race?消耗(能量)Mum put more wood on the fire to make it burn up and the room became warm gradually.火烧得更旺NO.7 wind up 给(机械)上发条;摇动(把手等);使(活动、会议等)结束【教材语境】And that is why when I wind up my

18、watch,it starts,but when I wind up this passage,it ends.(P15)那也是为什么当我给手表上紧发条时,它开始走,但是当我结束这篇文章时,它就到结尾了。【语块归纳】wind down放松;使逐步停止;摇下(车窗等);松弛wind back(把胶卷等)卷回wind ones way蜿蜒前进;迂回【语境助记】The President is about to wind up his visit to China.总统即将结束对中国的访问。After he got into the car,he started winding the window

19、 up.上了车以后,他开始摇上车窗。He wound his business down to a size which became manageable.他把生意逐步缩小到容易管理的规模。The Great Wall winds its way from east to west for about 6,000 kilometres.长城从东向西蜿蜒六千多千米。【链接高考】(2018北京高考)Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场),and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.其中将近一半

20、的垃圾最终进入垃圾填埋场,多达1 200万吨的垃圾污染了海洋。Period 2Using languageNO.1 createv.创造;创作;创建creationn.创造;创作creativeadj.创造(性)的;有创造力的creatorn.创作者;创造者【教材语境】Some American spellings were created by Noah Webster,who made one of Americas first dictionaries.(P18)一些美式拼写是由诺亚韦伯斯特创造的,他编制了美国最早的字典之一。【语境助记】It was with faithfulness(

21、真诚)that we created a harmonious(和谐的)atmosphere.正是因为真诚,我们才营造了和谐的氛围。American art reached a peak(顶峰)of creativity in the 50s and 60s.美国艺术在五六十年代达到了一次创作顶峰。Language is the most important mental creation of man.语言是人类最重要的智慧产物。Jobs was without doubt one of the creators of the Apple Inc.毫无疑问,乔布斯是苹果公司的创始人之一。【链

22、接高考】(2018江苏高考)The arts create jobs that help develop the economy.这些艺术创造了有助于发展经济的工作机会。【易混辨析】create,discover,inventcreate“创造、创作”出新的东西,如艺术、文学作品中的人物等或创造出新的具体事物discover“发现或找到”某种自然界本来已存在,但以前未被发现或认知的事物invent“发明”,指创造出原来自然界不存在的东西Shakespeare created many famous characters.莎士比亚创造了许多有名的人物角色。Scientists around th

23、e world are working to discover a cure for COVID-19.全世界的科学家都在努力寻找治疗新冠肺炎的方法。Who invented the telephone?谁发明了电话?NO.2 come across 偶然发现;偶然遇到【教材语境】When you open a dictionary,you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words.(P17)当你打开词典时,你经常会碰到许多生僻的单词。【语块归纳】come up with提出;想到come about出现;发生come out出现;出版;显出;公开

24、表明;结果是【语境助记】When you come across a new word in reading,try to guess its meaning according to the context.当你在阅读中遇到生词时,尽力根据上下文猜测其意义。Recently researchers have come up with a new theory.最近研究人员提出了一个新理论。How did this unhappy state of affairs come about?这种不幸的情况是怎么发生的呢?Harry Potter first came out in 1997.哈利波

25、特最早是在1997年问世。【链接高考】(2018浙江高考)Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car,pick it up.如果你遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸,把它捡起来。Period 3Developing ideasNO.1 remind v.提醒;使想起【教材语境】Here are some of our favourites,to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from th

26、e English in the outside world!(P20)这里有一些我们最喜欢的帖子,它们提醒着我们,我们在教室里学的英语和外面世界的英语很不一样!【语块归纳】remind sb.of sth./sb.使某人想起remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事remind(sb.)that/how/what从句 提醒(某人)【语境助记】What he said just now reminded me of my childhood.他刚才说的话使我想起了我的童年。She wants to remind us that we should protect the envir

27、onment by showing us the beauty of nature.她想通过展示自然之美来提醒我们应该保护环境。Our teacher reminded us how important it was to be polite to others.我们的老师提醒我们对别人有礼貌是多么重要。Please remind me to call her as soon as we get home.请提醒我,我们一到家就给她打电话。【链接高考】(2019北京高考)However,her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for h

28、er teeth.然而,她的父亲提醒她,甜食对她的牙齿有害。NO.2 comment n.评论;议论v.表达意见,作出评论【教材语境】When I got the paper back,I found my teacher had written the comment“Not bad!”(P21)当论文发下来后,我发现老师写了这样一个评语“不错!”【语块归纳】comment on/upon sth.对发表评论comment that.评论make comments on/about对加以评论no comment无可奉告【语境助记】I dont feel I can comment on/up

29、on their behaviors.我觉得我无法对他们的行为做出评论。The teacher often makes comments on/about how different the two boys are.老师经常谈论那两个男孩的不同之处。He commented that The Rescue was an excellent film.他评论紧急救援这部电影很精彩。【链接高考】(2019全国卷)Be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.一定要使用在线课程评估,冷静地提出你的意见。

30、疑难句式破解【高频句式】句式1 “neither.nor.”结构【教材语境】Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.(P14)pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)也没有apple(苹果)。【句式解构】句中黑体部分neither.nor.,意为“既不,也不”,连接句中两个并列的句子成分,当连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则;neither或nor位于句首时要用部分倒装。【语境助记】Neither was my wife nor my parents able to persuade my daughter to change he

31、r mind.我妻子和我父母都没能说服我女儿改变主意。Neither could theory do without practice,nor could practice do without theory.理论没有实践不行,实践没有理论也不行。Neither has he done it,nor will he do it in future.他没有做过这种事,他今后也不会做。句式2 “get sb.doing”结构【教材语境】This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.(P14)这让我不禁思考,英语学

32、起来是一门多么疯狂的语言。【句式解构】句中黑体部分got me thinking意为“使某人一直做或者处于某状态”。现在分词thinking在句中作宾语补足语,宾语与宾语补足语之间为主动关系,强调动作的持续进行。【语境助记】Dont get the water running like this.不要让水一直这样流着。His words got me thinking.他的话使我陷入了沉思。【知识拓展】get sb.to do sth.使某人做某事get sth.done使某事被做(宾语和宾语补足语之间是被动关系)If you can get them to talk,your problem

33、 is solved.如果你能让他们开始谈话,你的问题就解决了。I got that broken window replaced(替换)at last.我把那扇破窗户换了。(窗户被替换)【长难句分析】难句1 This made me realize that theres no egg in eggplant either.(P14)【句子解构】【深度分析】这是一个主从复合句,主句为This made me realize that.。主句中made是谓语动词,动词不定式to realize作使役动词made的宾语补足语要省略to;that引导宾语从句,作realize的宾语。【参考译文】这

34、让我意识到茄子(eggplant)里也没有鸡蛋(egg)。难句2You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down,in which you fill in a form by filling it out,and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!(P15)【句子解构】【深度分析】这是一个主从复合句,主句为You also have to wonder at the un

35、ique madness of a language。主句的谓语是 have to wonder at,宾语是the unique madness of a language;宾语后有定语从句,先行词是a language,它受到三个in which引导的并列定语从句修饰。【参考译文】你还不得不对一种语言独特的疯狂感到惊讶,在这种语言中,房子会在burn down的同时burn up,你通过fill it out来填写fill in表格,而警报只有在goes off时才会响起!构词法一、常见构词法种类语法精讲突破二、合成法1.合成名词构成方式例词名词+名词weekend/classroom/b

36、ookshelf名词+动词daybreak/waterfall名词+动名词handwriting动词+名词typewriter/flashlight动名词+名词reading room/swimming pool形容词+名词gentleman/blackboard介词+名词overcoat/outline2.合成形容词构成方式例词名词+形容词worldwide/snow-white名词+现在分词English-speaking名词+过去分词man-made/snow-covered数词+名词+形容词two-year-old/eight-metre-long形容词+名词+edopen-minde

37、d/kind-hearted形容词+形容词light-bright形容词+现在分词easy-going/good-looking副词+现在分词hard-working副词+过去分词well-dressed/well-known3.合成副词4.合成介词构成方式例词形容词+副词somehow/everywhere副词+副词however/wherever介词+副词forever构成方式例词副词+名词inside/outside介词+副词within/without副词+介词into/upon三、转化法一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。如:(1)taste(v.)taste(n.)It ta

38、stes good.它尝起来很好。It has a good taste.它味道很好。(2)hand(n.)hand(v.);nurse(n.)nurse(v.)Lets go hand in hand.让我们手拉手走。Please hand in your exercise books after class.请课后交上你的练习册。She nursed her husband back to health.她看护她的丈夫,使他恢复了健康。(3)clean(adj.)clean(v.)better(adj.)better(v.)Her room is clean and tidy.她的房间干净

39、又整洁。She cleans her room every day.她每天打扫房间。We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。四、派生法 在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。1.前缀前缀例词un-unhappy不高兴的,unfair不公平的,unkind不和蔼的im-impossible不可能的,impatient没有耐心的in-incorrect不正确的,inexpensive廉价的,invisible看不见的dis-dishonest不诚实的,di

40、sabled残疾的,discouraged泄气的ir-irregular不规则的,irresponsible不负责任的il-illegal非法的,illogical不合逻辑的re-rewrite重写,reconsider重新考虑,reuse再利用,recycle回收2.名词后缀-ageshortshortage缺乏marrymarriage结婚,婚姻-ance,-enceacceptacceptance接受existexistence存在-encytendtendency倾向emergentemergency紧急情况-domfreefreedom自由wisewisdom智慧-er,-orwri

41、tewriter作者operateoperator接线员-istsciencescientist科学家pianopianist钢琴家-mentadvertiseadvertisement广告achieveachievement 成就-nessawareawareness意识calmcalmness平静-shiprelationrelationship关系friendfriendship友谊3.形容词后缀-able-iblecomfortable舒适的terrible可怕的-alnatural自然的,actual实际上的-ed-inginterested感兴趣的,interesting有趣的-ant/-entimportant重要的,absent缺席的-erneastern东方的,southern南方的-fulcolourful/colorful多彩的,powerful强大的-lylovely可爱的,lively活泼的本课结束