高二英语黄金阅读理解：文化类（含详解）.doc

1、高中英语黄金阅读(高二版)Golden Reading for Senior Middle School Students六、文化类(1)Millions of people pass through the gates of Disneys entertainment parks in California, Florida and Japan each year. What makes these places an almost universal attraction? What makes foreign kings and queens and other important pe

2、ople want to visit these Disney parks? Well, one reason is the way theyre treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their “guests”, as they prefer to call them, and to see that they enjoy themselves. All new employees, from vice president(副总管) to part-time worker

3、s, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking “Traditions I”. Here, they learn about the companys history, how it is managed and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how their part is important in making the park

4、 a success. After passing “Traditions I”, the employees go on to more specialized training for their special jobs. No detail is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four eight-hour days training. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple ordinary job

5、, he replied, “What happens if someone wants to know where the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campgrounds?We need to know the answers or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the park.” Even Disneys managers get involved(包括在内)

6、in the daily management of the park. Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hot dogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail(单轨车) and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come

7、 alive. The managers agree that this week helps them to see the companys goals more clearly. All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or in the world. As one long-time business obser

8、ver once said, “How Disney treats people, communicates with them, rewards them, is in my view the very reason for his fifty years of successI have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration, the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of people on a daily

9、basis, successfully. It is what Disney does best.” 1. The first day they come to Disney parks, all new employees _. A. begin by receiving on-the-job training B. must learn several jobsC. begin as ticket takersD. have already attended Disney University2. The main objective(目标) of the Disney employees

10、 is to _.A. learn all parts of the businessB. see that their guests enjoy themselvesC. be able to answer all kinds of questionsD. keep the important guests happy3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Tourists learn the history of Disney in its entertainment parks.B. Disney

11、 attracts people almost from all over the world.C. Parades are regularly held in Disneys entertainment parks.D. Disneys managers are able to do almost all kinds of work in the Disneys parks.4. This passage is mainly about _. A. how Disney employees are trainedB. the history and traditions of the Dis

12、ney enterprisesC. why Disney enterprises make a lot of moneyD. the importance Disney places on serving people well(14 ABAD)【答案解析】本文介绍了迪斯尼游客众多的原因在于管理、培训、教育员工做到给予游客无微不至的服务。1. A。细节题。根据 All the employees, from vice president to part-time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and

13、 taking “Traditions I” 可知所有的员工上岗前要进行在职培训，据此可知答案选 A。2. B。细节题。根据 Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the park 可知他们的不变目标是让游客在迪斯尼乐园玩得开心，由此可见 B 为正确答案。3. A。细节题。根据第2段Here, they learn about the companys history “they” 指的是迪斯尼员工；再者答案B(第1段)、答案C(第3段)、答案D(第4段)都是对的，故选 A。4. D。主旨题。阅读全文可知本文从开始的总体服务描述到员工岗前培训

14、、特殊工种训练、经理层每年一周的亲身体会无不显示了迪斯尼在使游客满意方面给予了高度重视，故选答案D。(2)Some English words are made up of the same part and have different beginnings and different endings, such as import, export, report and transport. All these words, you can see, have the same “port”, which come from the Latin word, meaning “to carr

15、y” or “to move” from one place to another. And according to the bit at the beginning, which we call the prefix the meaning changes. “Import” means “to carry in” or “to bring into a country”, “export”, “ex” means “out of”, so this word means “to carry out of the country”, “re” means “back”, so the “r

16、eport” means “to tell somebody, to bring back information to somebody”, “transport”, “trans” means “across” and it means “to carry across one place to another”. Lets look at the following words: supporter, reporter, importer and exporter. You can see that in this case these words are nouns which are

17、 made up of the verbs plus a suffix, thus meaning a person who completes the verb. So supporter means somebody who supports. A reporter is somebody who reports. Importer is somebody who imports and exporter is somebody who exports, and so on. 1. In the first sentence the word “part” means _. A. diff

18、erent beginnings and different endingsB. the same part that has several meaningsC. the root of the wordD. the same root that has different meanings2. By adding a prefix or a suffix to a root, we can get a word which has _. A. the meaning of a Latin wordB. a different meaningC. the meaning of “in” or

19、 “out of”D. a lot of meanings3. We can get a noun _. A. just by adding “er” to verbsB. by changing a prefixC. only by adding “er” to a rootD. by adding a suffix to a verb4. According to the passage, if we talk about a man of refinement, you may guess that he must be _. A. a man having good manners a

20、nd educationB. a person who should be educatedC. somebody having bad mannersD. a person punished by somebody else(14 CBDA)【答案解析】短文介绍了英语构词法的有关知识。1. C。词义猜测题。从Some English words are made up of the same part and have different beginnings and different endings 可知，part 应是词根，而不是前缀或后缀。2. B。细节题。根据 And accord

21、ing to the bit at the beginning, which we call the prefix the meaning changes. 可推知，词根加上不同的前、后缀，可得到不同的意义。A和C的说法太片面。3. D。细节题。根据 You can see that in this case these words are nouns which are made up of the verbs plus a suffix, thus meaning a person who completes the verb.可知，在动词后加上一个后缀，就变成了名词。4. A。推断题。文

22、中说在动词后加上一个后缀，就变成了名词。refine是动词，本意为“净化，精炼，纯净”，加上后缀 -ment 后变成了名词，故A最佳。(3)Americans have contributed to many art forms, but jazz, a type of music, is one that was not started in the United States. Blacks, who sang and played the music of their homeland, created jazz. Jazz is a mixture of the music of Af

23、rica, the work songs the slaves sang, and religious(宗教) music. Improvisation is an important part of jazz. This means that the musicians make the music up as they go along, or create the music on the spot. This is why a jazz song might sound a little different each time it is played. Jazz bands form

24、ed in the late 1800s. They played in bars and clubs in many towns and cities of the South, especially New Orleans. New Orleans is an international seaport, and people from all over the world came to New Orleans to hear jazz. Jazz became more and more popular. By the 1920s, jazz was popular all over

25、the United States. By the 1940s, you could hear jazz not only in clubs and bars, but in concert halls as well. Today, people from all over the world play jazz. Jazz musicians from the United States, Asia, Africa, South America, and Europe meet and share their music at festivals on every continent. I

26、n this way jazz continues to grow and change. 1. What can be the best title of the passage? A. American art formsB. The development of jazzC. The music of black AmericansD. The birthplace of jazz2. Which of the following is true? A. Jazz is now popular all over the worldB. Jazz is now a kind of reli

27、gious musicC. Jazz is now played only in bars and clubsD. Jazz is now played in the same way as before3. From the text it can be inferred that _. A. New Orleans is the place where jazz was first producedB. the American people are all jazz loversC. jazz is merely sung by the black when workingD. jazz

28、 may become more popular as time goes on4. It took about _ years to make jazz popular in the United States. A. 200 B. 120 C. 80 D. 40【答案解析】本文讲述了爵士音乐的发展史。1. B。主旨题。纵观全文可得出此答案。2. A。细节题。根据 Today, people from all over the world play jazz 可推知此题答案为A。3. D。推断题。根据In this way jazz continues to grow and change

29、可以得知。4. D。细节题。根据两个关键语句 Jazz bands formed in the late 1800s. 和 By the 1920s, jazz was popular all over the United States 可推知此题答案为D。(4)Hundreds of years ago, news was carried from place to place by people on foot or by horse. It took days, weeks and sometimes months for people to receive news. Now it

30、is possible to send words and pictures around the world in seconds. Billions of people learn about news stories of their own country and all over the world every day, either by watching TV or reading newspapers.Newspapers have been an important part of everyday life since the 18th century. Many coun

31、tries have hundreds of different newspapers. How do newspaper editors decide which news stories to print? Why do they print some stories and not others? What makes a good newspaper story?Firstly, it is important to report news stories. TV stations can report news much faster than newspapers. Yet, ne

32、wspapers give more about the same story. They may also look at the story in another way, or they may print completely different stories to those on TV.Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People dont want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about s

33、ome kind of danger and seem to be bad news. For example, newspapers never print stories about planes landing safely; instead they print stories about plane accidents.Another factor(因素) is also very important in many news stories. Many people are interested in news in foreign countries, but more pref

34、er to read stories about people, places and events in their own country. So the stories on the front page in Chinese newspapers are usually very different from the ones in British, French and American newspapers.1. According to the passage, how do people learn about news stories in the world now? A.

35、 They carry news stories and tell others from place to place on foot or by horse.B. They tell each other what they have seen with their eyes.C. They watch TV or read newspapers.D. They listen to the radio every day.2. The difference between newspaper stories and TV news reports it that _.A. people c

36、an learn more about the same news story from a newspaperB. people can read the news story more quickly in a newspaperC. people can read news stories in other countriesD. people can read news stories about their own country3. To make a good newspaper story, how many factors does the passage talk abou

37、t? A. Two. B. Three. C. Five. D. Six.4. According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV? A. You often play football with your friends after school.B. Your teacher has got a cold.C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasnt been caught.D. The bike in front of yo

38、ur house is lost.5. Which of the following is Not true in this passage? A. News stories on the front page of every country are always the same.B. People like to read interesting and unusual news.C. Not only TV but also newspapers can help people to learn what is happening around the world.D. Newspap

39、ers have been an important part of everyday life for more than three hundred years. 【答案与解析】本文讲述了现代社会人们获取news的不同方式以及构成一个新闻故事应具备的要素。1. C。如今人们如何了解世界上的新闻故事呢？由文章第1段最后一句Billions of people learn.，可推知人们通过看电视或读报纸的方式获知新闻。2. A。电视新闻报道和报纸新闻报道有什么不同呢？文章第3段说Yet, newspapers give more about the same story，可推知答案是A。3.

40、B。文章的3、4、5段叙述了三个因素。因此选B。4. C。你在电视上最可能看到的是什么？文章第4段说新闻报道的是不寻常和有趣的事，很多新闻看起来往往报道的是坏的消息和一些危险的事情。由此段可知A、B、D项都不具备新闻的要素。5. A。根据文章最后一段可知中国报纸和英国、法国、美国等的报纸在头版报道的内容上常常不同。根据此段可知A选项是错误的。(5)You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard. At the start they only fight with the

41、ir fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the heads with chairs. And so it goes on until one of the men crashes(撞击) through a window and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead. Of course he is not dead. With any luck he is not even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of h

42、igh windows or jump from fast moving trains, who crash cars of even catch fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called stuntmen. That is to say, they perform tricks. There are two sides to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example,

43、 they fall from a high building. However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress(床垫). Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft plastic. But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high

44、degree of skill and training. Often a stuntmans success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is “blown up” in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment. Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often

45、 get seriously injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff(悬崖) a thousand feet high. His parachute(降落伞)failed to open, and he was killed. In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a profession for men only. Men no longer dress up as women when

46、actresses have to perform some dangerous action. For nowadays there are stunt girls too! 1. Stuntmen are those who _.A. often dress up as actors B. prefer to lead dangerous livesC. often perform seemingly dangerous actionsD. often fight each other for their lives2. Stuntmen earn their living by _.A.

47、 playing their dirty tricks B. selling their special skillsC. jumping out of high windowsD. jumping from fast moving trains3. When a stuntman falls from a high building, _.A. he needs little protection B. he will be covered with a mattressC. his life is endangered D. his safety is generally all righ

48、t4. Which of the following is the main factor(因素)of a successful performance?A. Strength B. Exactness C. Speed D. Carefulness5. What can be inferred from the authors example of the Norwegian stuntman?A. Sometimes an accident can occur to a stuntman. B. The percentage of serious accidents is high. C.

49、 Parachutes must be of good quality. D. The cliff is too high. 【答案与解析】当你从电影、电视上看到诸如人从很高的窗户摔出、从快速行驶的列车上跳下、撞击汽车等一系列惊险动作时，千万不要以为那是演员真实表演的，其实那都是由特技演员代演的。1. C。判断题。从第2段内容可以做出正确判断。2. B。判断题。通读全文可知，stuntmen 是具有特别技能的人，由此可知答案为B。3. D。语义理解题。从第3段第4句话they do not fall on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard box

50、es covered with a mattress(床垫). 可以肯定答案是D。4. B。语义理解题。从第4段中的careful timing 可以做出正确判断。5. A。判断题。根据第5段中的They often get seriously injured, and sometimes killed 可知答案为A。 (6)The yearly Academy Awards ceremony was once a private affair. Now, because of television, it is very much a public affair. Hundreds of p

51、eople gather in Hollywood to see the Oscars presented to outstanding(杰出的) actors, and others involved(参与) in the motion picture industry. Millions more watch on television.It all began on May 16, 1929, when 270 men and women sat down to dinner at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel. There was no secret ab

52、out the winners. The names of the winners had been known for months. Janet Gaynor, for example, had won as Best Actress. Douglas Fairbanks presented her with the famous gold statue(塑像). The little statue was not then called Oscar. Like a new actor, Oscar was unknown. About six years later, it someho

53、w got that renowned name. A number of explanations have been offered for its origin(由来), but nobody knows the true story for certain.Nowadays the results of the Oscar voting are kept secret. Only two people know the winners before the names are announced at the ceremony. The counting of votes is not

54、 done by one group of people but by different groups. Nobody except two members of an accounting(计票) company sees the final results.The information is not kept in open files(卷宗). Winners names are placed in closed envelopes. The accountants each carry a complete set of envelopes to the ceremony. One

55、 set is simply a spare to be used in case something happens to the other one.1. As used in paragraph 2, renowned means _.A. strangeB. wonderfulC. much-dislikedD. famous2. May 16, 1929 marks _.A. Douglas Fairbanks first winning of an Academy AwardB. The first time Oscar got its nameC. The first time

56、the Awards were kept secretD. Janet Gaynors recognition as Best Actress3. Two sets of envelopes are prepared for the ceremony _. A. one for New York, one for HollywoodB. in order to be perfectly safeC. one for the ceremony, one for the newspapersD. just because that is the custom(13 DDB)【答案与解析】本文介绍了

57、Oscar奖的起源和发展。1. D。词义猜测题。上文说Oscar was unknown，而此句说About six years later, it somehow got that renowned name，由此可推知此题答案为D。2. D。细节题。根据文章第2段第4句Janet Gaynor, for example, had won as Best Actress可推知此题答案为D。3. B。推断题。根据文章最后一句One set is simply a spare to be used in case something happens to the other one 可推知此题答

58、案为B。(7)Laptop(便携式) computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms. Westlake College in Virginian, each of the 1 5

59、00 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a $10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use email to “speak” with their teachers, their classmates

60、and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees anywhere at all!Because of the many changes in computer technology, la

61、ptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students not only to the Internet, but also to libraries and other resources. State highest-ed

62、ucation officials are studying how laptops can help students. State officials also are testing laptop programs at other universities, too. At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teac

63、her said, “Here we are in the middle of Virginia and were giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.”1. The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to _. A. use for their schoolwork B. access the InternetC. work at homeD. connect the

64、m to libraries2. Why is the word “speak” in the second paragraph in quotation marks? A. They dont really talk. B. They use the computer language. C. Laptops have speakers. D. None of the above reasons is correct. 3. Which of the following is true about Westlake College? A. All teachers use computers

65、. B. 1 500 students have laptops. C. It is an old college in America.D. Students there can do everything. 4. “A window on the world” in the last paragraph means that students can _. A. attend lectures on information technologyB. travel around the world C. get information from around the worldD. have

66、 feel laptops5. Which of the following is a laptop computer? 有图：见英语周报精粹（高中版）P65页【答案与解析】本文主要讲叙手提电脑非常受欢迎。1. A。细节题。从文中第 2 段最后两句可知此题答案A。2. A。细节题。他们是通过发送E-mail来传达各自的信息，并不是真正地“说”，所以答案选A。3. C。细节题。由第 2 段第 2 句a 110-year-old college可知C 项正确。4. C。推断题。A window on the world意为“了解世界的窗口”，由此可知学生通过手提电脑可获取来自全世界的很多信息，故答

67、案选C。5. B。(5)Bambi is a tasty book. Tasty not only for children but for those who are no longer so fortunate. For delicacy of perception(感觉细腻) and truth I hardly know any story of animals that can stand besides this life study of a forest deer. Felix Salten is a poet. He falls in love with nature dee

68、ply, and he loves animals. I do not, as a rule, like the method which places human words in the mouths of dumb(哑的) creatures, and it is the victory of this book that, behind the conversation, one feels the real feelings of the creatures who speak. Clear and inspiring, and in places very moving, it i

69、s a little masterpiece(杰作).I read it in galley proof(校样) on the way from Paris to Calais. As I finished each sheet I handed it to my wife, who read, and handed it to my nephews. For three hours the four of us read in this way in silent absorption(专注). Those who know what it is to read books in galle

70、y proof, and have experienced channel (隧道)crossings, will realize that few books will stand such a test. Bambi is one of them.1. Bambi is a book written about _.A. childrenB. a forest deer C. Felix SaltenD. those who are unfortunate2. Which of the following do you think is true?A. The book is intere

71、sting not only to children but also to others.B. The author of the book read the proof on his way from Paris to Calais.C. The book gives greater pleasure to children than to others.D. The writer of the passage didnt want to read the book in galley proof, so he handed it to his wife.3. The author of

72、the book used the method which _.A. he didnt like as a rule B. made animals talk like human beingsC. others did not like D. other stories of animals could stand beside4. The writer and the other three _.A. were fond of reading proofB. were absorbed in the bookC. felt that the animals could talkD. th

73、ought the book was better than any other research of its kind5. According to the passage, we can conclude that _.A. proof reading and channel crossings are very pleasantB. a poet can write books about animals betterC. proof reading and channel crossings are very tiringD. its easy to write a book abo

74、ut animals【答案与解析】本文介绍Bambi这本描写鹿的书给作者及其家人带来的没的感受。从而对这本书进行赞扬。1. B。细节题。根据文章第1段第3句I hardly know any story of animals that can stand besides this life study of a forest deer.可推知此题答案为B。2. A。细节题。根据文章第1段第2句Tasty not only for children but for those who are no longer so fortunate可推知此题答案为 A。3. B。细节题。根据文章第1段倒数第

75、2句：我不喜欢动物说人话这种方法，但这本书，通过动物对话感觉到了动物的真实感情，可推知此题答案为B。4. B。细节题。根据文章第2段第3句For three hours the four of us read in this way in silent absorption可推知此题答案为B。5. C。细节题。文章第2段倒数第2句说：凡是有过校稿或过隧道经历的人都知道，这两种经历都令人感到枯燥乏味，所以很少有书会让人读校样就很入迷，据此可推知此题答案为C。(6)In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overc

76、ome the fear of making mistakes. If the basic goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as realization of those mistakes increase. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe h

77、ow native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying “I do it” to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting with native speakers of English, observ

78、e that native speakers actually say “Ill do it”. The resulting difference can serve as a basis for the student to correct his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to interact in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error(错误).1. Accord

79、ing to the passage, the present tense in English is _.A. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate futureB. used with some verbs but not with others to express future planC. basically the same in English as it is in SpanishD. not the most difficult problem for foreign students2.

80、According to the passage, language learners can reduce the number of their mistakes by _.A. asking native speakers for explanationsB. reading good books in the foreign languageC. comparing (对比)their speech with that of native speakersD. speaking without regard to native speakers3. According to the p

81、assage, foreign language students should not worry too much about making mistakes because _.A. native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their languageB. communication is the basic goal of language learningC. native speakers will ignore their mistakesD. everyone makes mistakes when tryi

82、ng to communicate in a strange language4. The authors main conclusion about the use of mistake in foreign language learning is that _. A. mistakes are not important in the course of learning a languageB. learners are often very afraid of making mistakesC. making mistakes can help the learner discove

83、r the rules of the languageD. native speakers often do not tell foreign language learners about their mistakes(14 ACBC)【答案与解析】本文论述了在外语的学习过程中，学习者要不要害怕犯错误，才能学好外语的观点。1. A。推断题。根据文章中的举例，英语本族人所用英语表达将来时的方法可推知此题的答案为A。2. C。细节题。根据文章第1段第4句：语言学习者会观察本族的说话者如何表达，他们的用词又与自己的用词又有何不同，以及本段的最后一句可推知此题答案为C。3. B。细节题。根据文章第1段第2句If the basic goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations 可推知此题答案为B。4. C。推断题。可从第1段最后一句The resulting difference can serve as a basis for the student to correct his way of using the present tense in English推知此答案为C。