高考英语 备考之百题精炼系列08（教师版）.doc

1、2011届高考备考百题精炼系列专题八 阅读理解A（山东省济南市2011届高三教学质量调研一）“Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move,” said David Belle, the founder of parkour(跑酷).Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creati

2、ve one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bonds wonderful performances that the sport has become popul

3、ar worldwide. Yes, thats parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may

4、jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop. Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that.Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念) behind parkour. This is the same

5、as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, “I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything.”other ph

6、ilosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence. 61. Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of .A. its founder, David BelleB. the film, Cas

7、ino RoyaleC. its risks and tricksD. the varieties of participants62. The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. streetsB. objectsC. barriersD. roofs【答案】C【解析】本题考查对词的理解能力。Obstacles意思为“障碍物” 分析个选项的含义如下A. streets意为“街道” B. objects“物体；对象；目标；”C. barriers意为“栅栏；障碍物；”D. roof

8、s意为“房顶”。由此不难看出与“obstacles”意思最接近的为C. barriers，故选C。63. Which of the following is true of parkour?A. It challenges human abilities.B. It is a good but boring sport.C. It needs special training.D. It is a team sport.64. As its participants move around a city, .A. they can ask for helpB. they may choose

9、to escapeC. they should run to extremesD. they must learn to survive【答案】C【解析】本题考查对文中句子的理解。从第三段中的Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.容易找到最佳答案为C项“他们应该跑到极限为止”。65. Which of the follo

10、wing is the philosophy of parkour?A. Sports and extremes.B. Excitement and popularity.C. Dreams and success.D. Determination and freedom.【答案】D【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选和概括的能力。从文章的第三段的Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念) behind parkour. This is the same as life.

11、 You must determine your destination,和第四段的首句other philosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom.我们概括为跑酷的理念精髓为：决心和自由。故选D项。B（重庆一中2011届高三月考一）If teens could reduce the salt they take in every day by 3,000 milligrams (mg), they would cut their risk of heart disease and stroke(中风) greatly in adulthood, r

12、esearchers say. Based on the results of a computer modeling analysis, researchers found that a 3,000 mg reduction in sodium(钠) by teenagers could reduce hypertension by 30 percent to 43 percent when they become adults. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that may have no symp

13、toms for years, but can eventually cause serious health conditions, including heart attack and stroke. Other benefits over time as teens hit 50 years of age include a 7-12 percent reduction in coronary heart disease(冠心病), an 8-14 percent reduction in heart attacks, and a 5-8 percent reduction in str

14、oke. Fast food typically contains too much sodium. One bag of Nacho Cheese Doritos has 310 milligrams. Pizza is one of the biggest problems for teens when it comes to sodium, according to data from the National Center for Health Statistics. “The additional benefit of lower salt intake early is that

15、we can hopefully change the expectations of how food should taste, ideally to something slightly less salty,” says Dr. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, the lead author of the study and associate professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. “Most of the salt we eat is not from our sa

16、lt shaker(盐瓶), but salt that is already added in food that we eat.” she added.64Which is a benefit of a low sodium diet according to the text? ANo risk of heart disease. BSmaller chance of stroke. CLow blood pressure. DSlightly more heart attacks.【答案】B【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选能力。通过文章首句If teens could reduce

17、the salt they take in every day by 3,000 milligrams (mg), they would cut their risk of heart disease and stroke(中风) greatly in adulthood, researchers say.及常识食盐中含纳，我们判断出：根据这篇文章我们知道了食含纳低的事物的好处是能够减少中风的机会。65According to the text, 3,000 mg less salt intake daily will reduce hypertension by _ in adulthood

18、. A7%-12% B8%-14% C30%-43% D5%-8%【答案】C【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选能力。从文中第一段的Based on the results of a computer modeling analysis, researchers found that a 3,000 mg reduction in sodium(钠) by teenagers could reduce hypertension by 30 percent to 43 percent when they become adults.我们很容易选出正确答案为C项。66What does Dr Kir

19、sten Bibbins-Domingo mean in the last two paragraphs? AA lower sodium diet can get teenagers used to less salty food. BA good eating habit can help teens have less junk food. CTeens should avoid pizzas and other salty foods. DWe can add more salt from our salt shaker to the food.67Which of the follo

20、wing can be the best title for the text? ATeens Cutting Salt for Healthier Adulthood BDiet and Health CSodium Brings Health Concerns DA Cause of Hypertension【答案】A【解析】本题考查概括文章主题的能力。文章一直谈论“少年时少食盐，成年后才能减少疾病，更加健康”的话题。所以A项少时少吃盐，成年更健康为正确答案。C（唐山一中2011届高三仿真试题一）Cultural differences in business entertaining i

21、nclude problems such as whom one entertains and where and how one entertains. In countries where status is important, it is not advisable to invite people of different statuses to the same dinner party. Americans will often invite people to their homes. However, in some societies the home is conside

22、red too personal, unworthy, or too small to serve as a proper place for business entertaining. In some countries there is a “help yourself” method of entertaining done in the home. This method does not work well when entertaining people whose culture teaches them to wait to be asked three times befo

23、re accepting an offer of food. For example, a Chinese guest went hungry all the evening without eating though he was quite hungry because he was too shy to take food after only being asked to do so once. In another case, an American woman executive(负责人) was being entertained in London. After having

24、the tea served, the American woman helped herself to cream and sugar rather than waiting to be served. The English hostess was upset by the thought that she was not serving quickly enough.As a general rule, a small gift from your home country is OK. A gift that is tied to the particular interest of

25、the person is especially good. Gifts for children are also well received. Be careful that the “hometown” gift you are bringing to Singapore is not made in Hong Kong. Because many gifts carry symbolic meanings, it is always best to seek the advice of a cultural information before selecting gifts. The

26、 giving of large gifts, or payments for special service, should only be carried out after talking with legal department in the home and host culture.57. It is no good inviting people of different social positions to the same party in the country where _.A. people dont pay any attention to your posit

27、ionsB. people care much about their statusesC. entertainment is importantD. entertainment is not advisable【答案】B【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选能力。从文中第一段的In countries where status is important, it is not advisable to invite people of different statuses to the same dinner party.我们容易知道正确答案为B项。58. The Chinese guest is

28、 taken for an example to show _.A. that offering food should not be made too earlyB. a “help yourself” method works well in this caseC. that accepting an offer of food should be made laterD. a “help yourself” method does not work well in some cases59. The passage infers that American women like _.A.

29、 a “help yourself” methodB. waiting to be servedC. a slow serviceD. cream and sugar【答案】A【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选能力。从文中In another case, an American woman executive(负责人) was being entertained in London. After having the tea served, the American woman helped herself to cream and sugar rather than waiting to b

30、e served.可以看出美国人喜欢“请自便“这种招待方式，故选A项。60. _ is especially proper, when you are invited to a dinner party.A. A big giftB. Large payment as a giftC. A small gift from ones homeD. A gift form Singapore 【答案】C【解析】本题考查推理判断的能力。从文中最后一段，我们理解到不同的礼物代表不同的含义。“当你被邀请参加一个晚宴时，从家里带来一份小礼物被认为是很合适的。”故选C项。 D（四川德阳市2011届高三三诊）

31、Its almost time to head back to school, and well, it s never too early to start shopping for those school suppliesIf you have some extra cash left over after shopping for backpacks and number two pencils, then treat your kid to some cool electronics you can borrow from them laterAcer Aspire One: Not

32、ebooks are great for many reasonsParents will love them because theyre extremely affordable and light compared to the average laptopThey re also ideal for students who don t quite need a computer but want one to do research, check email, or just surf the WebYou can find a black or white version for

33、the low price of $ 99Fuji Fine Pix Z20fd: This sub - $ 200 digital camera is the perfect thing for any high school studentAvailable in five eye -catching colors, the Fine Pix Z20fd is a 10 - megapixel （兆像素） cameraMedia kids will appreciate the camera? s blog and auction mode that lets users transfer

34、 pictures between cameras, as well as the one touch movie recording option that allows them to edit movies before sharing them onlineThis is certainly an affordable camera for photo - lovers of any age Mimobot: USB flash drives are all pretty much the same, but if you want to treat your teen to a hi

35、p flash drive, check out MomobotcornEach drive is packed with cool wallpaper, digital magazines, and so onYou can find them in 1GB, 2GB, 4GB and 8GB capacities （容量） at the price of $35- $100Samsung S2: Regardless of what your teen may tell you, there are other music players out there packed with ple

36、nty of great featuresSamsung s S2 MP3 player is nice enough to wear around the neck and small enough to take to the gymIt is available in five colors （red, black, white, purple, and green） , comes in capacities of 1GB or 2GB, and is available for the low price of $40 or less49What is probably the be

37、st tide for the passage?AGift Ideas for High School StudentsBNew Products for TeachersCBest Choices for ParentsDRare Gifts for Teenagers【答案】A【解析】本题考查概括文章主题的能力。文章通过介绍这四款不同的物品为家长给在高校的孩子们买礼物时提供了不同的选择。所以这篇文章告诉我们：高校学生的理想礼物的大概最好的流行趋势是什么。故选A项。50Which of the following pictures is a model of Acer Aspire One?

38、答案D【答案】D【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选能力。文章第二段的首句Acer Aspire One: Notebooks are great for many reasons就告诉我们a model of Acer Aspire One是笔记本电脑（Notebooks）即图像D。51According to the passage, which of the following is the most expensive?AFuji Fine Pix Z20fd BAcer Aspire OneCMimobot DSamsung S2【答案】A【解析】本题考查对细节性信息的帅选和比较的能力

39、。AFuji Fine Pix Z20fd$ 200 BAcer Aspire One$ 99 CMimobot$35- $100 DSamsung S2$40 or less通过比较我们知A项价钱最贵，故选A。52The passage is probably taken from a _Areport Bscience book Ctextbook DnewspaperE（北京石景山区2011届高三统一测试）There is a boy called Bill in my gym class who has unbearably yellow teeth that almost make

40、everyone feel unpleasantRecently another boy told Bill that he should go Ajax his teethBill was crushedIf the other boy had been thinking, he would have realized that there is a better way to handle such a situationHe could have dealt with it with tactHe could have showed this hurtful truth in a mor

41、e careful, sensitive waythats tactIf a person isnt sensitive to anothers feelings, there is no way he or she can be tactfulYesterday, my 5-year-old brother proudly announced that he had cleaned the screen on our television setUnfortunately, he used furniture polish, which produced an oily film on th

42、e television screenMy mother smiled arid thanked him for his effortsand then showed how to clean the screen properlyHer sensitivity enables my brother to keep his self-respectYet, sensitivity alone does not make tactTactfulness also requires truthfulnessDoctors, for example must be truthfulIf a pati

43、ent has just been disabled in an accident, a tactful doctor will tell the truthbut express it with sensitivityThe doctor may try to give the patient hope by telling them curing techniques under study or about advanced equipment now availableDoctors must use tact with patients relatives as wellInstea

44、d of bluntly saying, Your husband is disabled, a doctor might say, Im sorry, but your husband has lost feeling in his legs andTact should not be confused with trickeryTrickery occurs when a nurse is about to give a patient an injection（注射） and says, This wont hurt a bit Instead of trickery, the nurs

45、e might guarantee the patient that the discomfort of the injection is a small thing compared to the benefits of itIt would also be thoughtful for the nurse to tell the patients about some of these benefitsTact is a wonderful skill to have, and tactful people are usually admired and respectedWithout

46、tact our society would become an intolerable place to live in68The underlined word crushed in the first paragraph probably means_Asurprised Bcheated Cregretful Dpainful69According to the author, his mothers praise for the brother is _Asensitive and tactful Bsensitive but not tactful enoughCtruthful but not tactful enough Dsensitive but trickish【答案】B【解析】本题考查推理判断的能力。当时的语境为妈妈敏感的感觉到，我的弟弟做了好事但没办好，所以妈妈枯燥无味地表扬并当场告诉弟弟该怎样做好这事，这使弟弟的自尊受不了了。通过妈妈处理的这件事我们明白了妈妈敏感地发现了弟弟做得好事，但处理地不够机智老练。所以选B。70Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? （The numbers stand for the paragraphs）