高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破 第9讲 名词性从句课件 牛津译林版.ppt

1、栏目导引语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关第二部分 第九讲欢迎来到英语课堂第九讲 名词性从句一、主语从句引导词(1)that引导的从句作主语时，不在从句中充当任何成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义，通常不能省去，且常用it作形式主语。That the college will take in more new students is true.It is true that the college will take in more new students.It suddenly occurred to him that he had made a serious mistake.连接词引导词(2

2、)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾，译成“是否”，在从句中不作成分。It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesnt matter whether you have lived there for a short or a long time.连接词引导词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有词

3、义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。(2014高考湖北卷)What was so impressive about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.When the new cinema will be open to the public hasnt been made clear.连接代词引导词when，where，why，how等，有词义，在从句中作状语。Why he came late today has been clear now.Where the En

4、glish evening will be held has not yet been announced.连接副词it作形式主语的句型归纳(1)It系动词形容词that从句(2)Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)that从句(3)Itbe过去分词(said/told/reported等)that从句(4)It不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter)that从句(5)It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/orderedthat从句结构中，从句用“(should)动词原形”。It i

5、s certain that your son will do well in his exam.Its no wonder that youve achieved so much success.It was suggested that they(should)start at once.It happened to me that I had been away when he called.It is necessary that one(should)master the skill of operating computers so as to meet the need of a

6、 job.B2(2014高考天津卷)I think _impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.Awhat Bthat Cwhich DwhoA 二、宾语从句引导词连接词(1)that无词义，在从句中不作成分。并且that可以省略。(2)whether，if意为“是否”，在从句中不作成分。if和whether可互换，后面直接跟or not时用whether不用if；作介词宾语时一般用whether。(2014高考新课标全国卷)He came back in the late afternoon to discover that

7、 his suitcase was gone.I went in and askedif/whether there was a John living there.We dont know whether or not she was ready.引导词连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有词义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。(2013高考新课标全国卷)Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue.She will

8、 give whoever needs help a warm support.连接副词when，where，why，how等，有词义，在从句中作状语。I dont know where we are going to have the meeting.要点归(1)否定前移：主句的主语是第一人称单数，谓语为think，believe，suppose，expect等时，其后引导的宾语从句中若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。I dont think I know you.I dont suppose he cares,does he?(2)动词find,feel，th

9、ink，consider，make等后有宾语补足语(形容词或名词)时，需用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.纳(3)在find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose等及hate，like，owe.to，take.for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to(表示“注意，务必”)后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。I hate it when th

10、ey talk with their mouths full of food.1(2014高考福建卷)Pick yourself up.Courage is doing _youre afraid to do.Athat BwhatChow Dwhether解析：考查宾语从句。句意：振作起来。勇敢就是做你(明知自己)害怕做的事情。分析句子结构可知，动词doing后接的是宾语从句，从句中do后缺的是宾语，需用what引导。B2(2014高考山东卷)It is difficult for us to imagine_ life was like for slaves in the ancient

11、world.Awhere BwhatCwhich Dwhy B三、表语从句引导词连接词(1)that无词义,在从句中不作成分。(2)whether(是否)引导表语从句时,只能用whether，而不能用if。(3)as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实的或是极可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。(2014高考新课标全国卷)The end result is that we feel like we cant f

12、ocus or that were focused on the wrong things.It looks as if its going to rain.引导词连接代词连接副词who，whom，whose，which,what,whoever，whomever,whichever，whatever等,有词义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。(2015四川巴蜀名校联合测试)Everyone is different and that is what makes our world much better.when，where，why，how等，有词义，在从句中作状语。(2015大连双基测

13、试)When choosing furniture，you only focus on function while I think more about the design.Thats where we differ.要点归纳主句的主语是idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等名词时，表语从句的谓语用“(should)动词原形”。His suggestion is that we(should)change our plan.温馨提示 表语从句的三个易混句式This/That/It is why结果This/That/It is b

14、ecause原因 The reason why.is that.意为“这/那就是的原因”，why引导的是表语从句。That is why our teacher recommends another interesting course for us.意为“这/那是因为”，because引导表语从句。(2013高考安徽卷)From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.意为“的原因是”,why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason

15、,that引导表语从句。The reason why he didnt come was that it was raining heavily.1(2014高考四川卷)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“Thats_ I was born.”Awhen BhowCwhy DwhereD 2(2014高考江苏卷)What a mess!You are always so lazy!Im not to blame，mum.I am _ you have made me.Ahow BwhatCthat DwhoB 四、同位语从句引导词要点归纳大多由t

16、hat引导，也可以由which，what，whether，how，when，where等引导。I had no idea who had stolen the money.He must answer the question whether he agrees to the plan or not.(1)同位语从句在句中起同位语的作用，一般放在fact，news,idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief,thought，doubt,promise,question等名词的后面,对名词作进一步的解释。Evidence has been found t

17、hrough years of study that childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.要点归纳(2)suggestion，advice，request，order等表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。His suggestion that we(should)hold another meeting to discuss the problem was adopted.(3)分隔式同位语从句。有时同位语从句的

18、谓语较短，而从句内容较长，这时为避免“头重脚轻”,常常将谓语提到从句前面,形成分隔式同位语从句。My wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents.B 解析：考查同位语从句引导词的选择。句意：昨天迈克拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，这是真的吗？是的，但是我不知道他为什么这样做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。idea后接同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。根据thats one of his favorite universities(那是他最喜欢的大学之一)可知，“我”不知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因(why)所在，

19、故B项正确。B 五、that和what引导名词性从句引导词句法功能词义省略情况thatwhat不作任何句子成分无词义引导宾语从句有时可以省略可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语什么，的事情 不能省略1(2014高考浙江卷)“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.”This is _ my mother used to tell me.Awhat BhowCthat DwhetherA 2(2013高考山东卷)Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat BwhoseCwhich Dthat D 栏目导引语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关第二部分 第九讲