高考英语复习：非谓语理解类题型的解题技巧和方法讲义.doc

1、第三课 非谓语动词理解类题型的解题技巧和方法一. 准确辨析非谓语动词理解类题型，尤其要区分出非谓语动词理解类题型与动词时态语态题型和句式类题型（包括状语从句题型和并列句题型）1、什么是非谓语？ 1） 动词不定式（the Infinitive）： 2） 动名词（the Gerund）或现在分词（the Present Participle）： 3） 过去分词（the Past Participle）： 2、非谓语的各种变体（不同形式）及其意义 动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。不定式的形式主动被动意义一般式进行式完成式现在分词doing既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和

2、副词的句法功能; 动名词doing既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。doing的形式主动被动意义一般式完成式过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。过去分词的形式主动被动意义及物动词的过去分词不及物动词的过去分词3、非谓语的否定式： 4、非谓语题型设计分类：记忆类与理解类5、非谓语理解类题型的正确辨析A 四个选项是to do/do的各种变体, doing的各种变体 或doneB 注意区分开非谓语动词理解类题型与动词时态语态题型和句式类题型（包括状语从句题型和并列句题型）例题：第一题 _ a diary and yo

3、u will have a lot to learn from it.A. To keep B. Keeping C. Keep D. If you keep ( )第二题 _ a diary, you will have a lot to learn from it.A. To keep B. Keeping C. Keep D. Kept ( )辨析方法总结：句中动词使用原则- 非谓考点辨别法则- 二. 理解并掌握非谓语动词理解类题型的解题技巧和方法：两个关系，两类记忆。两个关系：一是 关系非谓语的逻辑主语的寻找方法： 非谓语在句首， ；非谓语在句中且非谓语前有逗号， ；非谓语在句中且非谓

4、语前无逗号， ；非谓语与其逻辑主语的关系A主动关系：非谓语用 ， 即 B被动关系：非谓语用 ， 即 被动式总结： 或 （其中，be的适当形式： ）二是 关系1、 ：非谓语形式为 done (当done是表示状态的形容词时) to be doing (只用于固定短语中)2、 ：非谓语形式为 (当done不是表示状态的形容词时) to have done (只用于固定短语中)3、 ：非谓语形式为 例题：( ) 1. (09北京24) For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _ on his own farm. A. grown B.

5、being grown C. to be grown D. to grow( ) 2. (09重庆25) Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared ( ) 3. (09北京34) _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitte

6、n D. To be bitten 两类记忆一记： A) 名词/代词（+adj.）+to do可表示主动，意为 ，也可表示被动，意为 ，但表示被动时指的是 B) 名词/代词（+adj.）+to be done只可表示被动，意为 ，但指的是 例题：( ) 1.(08全国26) I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed二记： 1、done可以转化为 表示 ，意为 2、doing可以转化为

7、 表示 ，意为 例题：( ) 1.(08辽宁31) Please remain;the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A. seatingB. seatedC. to seatD. to be seated三. 在解题中熟练运用非谓语动词理解类题型的解题技巧和方法非谓语理解类题型练习题1. (09安徽28) The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. A. produced B. being produced C. to be produced D. havi

8、ng been produced2 (09北京24) For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _ on his own farm. A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow3. (10北京21) _ at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked4. (09北京34) _ twice, the postman r

9、efused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten 5. (09福建32) not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded6(09重庆29) With the world changing fa

10、st, we have something new with all by ourselves every day.A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing 7(09湖南25) At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future.A. living; wondering B. lived; wondering C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered8. (09湖南29

11、) Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it .A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused9. (09江西22) _ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grow international stars. A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given 10. (09海南35) Now that w

12、eve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ?A. taking B. take C. takenD. to take11. (09山东22) We are invited to a party _in our club next Friday. A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding 12. (09上海31) A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _all fou

13、r people on board. A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill 13. (09上海33) With the governments aid, those _ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected 14. (09四川4) Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete

14、 stop.A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat15. (09四川10) _ many times, he finally understood it. A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 16. (09天津4) _ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. Completing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete17. (09天津

15、9) _ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged18(09浙江3) _and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. A. To be tired B. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired19. (10

16、 北京25) Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily. A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised 20.(08全国26) I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good.A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed21.(08北京31)Did

17、the book give the information you needed? Yes. Butit，I had to read the entire book.A. to findB. find C. to be findingD. finding22.(08天津4) their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A. To throwB. ThrownC. ThrowingD. Being thrown23.(08湖南26) The trees in the st

18、orm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downC. blowing downD. to blow down24.(08陕西14) around the Water Cube，we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.A. Having shownB. To be shownC. Having been shownD. To show25.(08重庆29) to reach them on the phone，we se

19、nt an email instead.A. FailB. FailedC. To failD. Having failed26.(08浙江10) that he was in great danger，Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized27.(08福建22)in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the check

20、 in the car.A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited28.(08福建33) Can thoseat the back of the classroom hear me?No problem.A. seatB. sitC. seatedD. sat29.(08辽宁31) Please remain; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A. seatingB. seatedC. to seatD. to be seated30.(08北京24)that she

21、was going off to sleep，I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed.A. SeeingB. To seeC. SeeD. Seen31. Most of the people_ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting32. Do you know the boy_ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying33. Th

22、e first textbooks_ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written34. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 35. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _ their products more competitive. A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made