高考英语时事热点题型总结（11月）（文档版).doc

1、The trade war between China and the US（中美贸易战）热点链接From Beijing to Berlin, from Washington to Wellington, workers, traders, investors, and consumers are wondering if a trade war is looming(逼近)between China and the US dragging(拉进)the whole world towards darkness. I dont know, but I know it takes enemie

2、s to fight a war.Are America and China enemies now? Justlet us go back 40 years. In the 1970s,when China reconnected with the world, America opened its arms, providing money, technology, and talents to a fragile(脆弱的)newcomer. By 2019, the trade surplus(贸易顺差)in favor of China has jumped from zero to

3、three to 347 billion US dollars. Big problem.The trade imbalance is really an issue of structure. Both America and China areflawed.In Aesops fables, there is the story of the blind and the limp(跛子),they forge(缔造)a partnership to help one another. The limp shows the direction, and the blind does most

4、 of the walking, the US is the limp, relying on cheap goods and credit from China to maintain the American way of life. And China is the blind, making products and saving money to keep his momentum(势力)of growth. The partnership worked well, until it didnt.China over-made and America over-spent, they

5、 both need to adapt.Change is happening, but in different ways. The blind knows he needs to spend more and make fewer but better goods. China has been shifting(转移)to consumption and innovation-driven growth. That is why technology and talents(技术和人才)are coming to its shores. You can argue whether som

6、e practices are held by the government, but theres no denying technology will go with the flow to the most needed. And right now it is increasingly on the west side of the Pacific, where a behemoth(庞然大物) supplychain(供应链), highly developed infrastructure(基础建设)，well-trained labor(劳动力)，and the biggest

7、consumer market converge(聚集).The limp, however, has some trouble adjusting. Economically, America needs to consume less and make more, but the limp has been relying on the blind for too long. Easy credit (便宜的信贷)and cheap goods are addictive(上瘾的).The current trade structure benefits American companie

8、s, but not American workers. This is a design invented by America, and it can only be reinvented by America. It would probably take the vision and courage of a politician like FDR(富兰克林罗斯福总统) remake the American economic model. Trumping foreign competitors will not re-industrialize(重振雄风)the US.It wou

9、ld take retraining, infrastructure investment(投资)and re-energizing the can-do spirit (积极进取的精神) of early immigrant forefathers(祖先).But that is the hard way. Trump chooses the easy one. Strong-arming(施用暴力的)its partners and browbeating(恫吓)its opponents(对手). Trump is not trying to win the economic game,

10、 he is simply trying to win the argument. Winning the argument means winning votes. Politics trumps economics. But what goes around, comes around. Economics will reign(当权)and take it revenge(复仇).When America is serious about changing its economic structure, the trade imbalance will remain. The limp

11、would be better to act immediately and do something really smart. But for now, the two flawed partners need to cool down and talk straight.Both are imperfect and both are hopeful nations. China is gaining strength but needs better vision, America wishes to balance the feet but must not lose focus. F

12、or the foreseeable(可预见的) future, China and US will cooperate willingly(有意愿的)or not to reinvent Churchills words, cooperation is the worst form of relationship except for all the others. The blind and thelimp can be better, but only when they still have faith in each other. Let me end with a line wri

13、tten by a Chinese writer toward the end of the Great Depression. A warm hand is always better on a cold shark.单词笔记a fragile newcomer 脆弱的新伙伴trade surplus 贸易顺差trade imbalance 贸易不均衡flawed 有缺陷的Aesops Fables伊索寓言blind瞎子limp 跛子forge 缔造momentum 势头;动力consumption and innovation-driven 消费和创新驱动Behemoth庞然大物suppl

14、y chain 供应链technology and talents 技术和人才infrastructure 基础建设converge 聚集easy credit 便宜的信贷addictive 上瘾的FDR（Franklin Delano Roosevelt）一般指富兰克林罗斯福总统can-do spirit 积极进取的精神strong-arming 施用暴力的；有体力的browbeating 威逼；恫吓reign 统治；当政重点讲解.wondering if a trade war is loomingbetween China and the US dragging(拉进)the whole

15、 world towards darkness. 在疑惑：中国和美国会打一场贸易战吗？世界会因此被拖入黑暗深渊吗？亮点词汇：loomvi.（问题或困难）逼近；临近注释：生动形象地表现出中美贸易战一触即发的紧迫感。dragvt.把硬扯进（争论、战争或其他不好的情况）之中注释：中美贸易战对世界的影响，由drag这样一个动词，表现的淋漓尽致。The trade imbalance is really an issue of structure. Both America and China are flawed.贸易不平衡其实是一个结构性问题，中美双方都难辞其咎。亮点词汇：flawedadj.有错误

16、的；有缺点的注释：在这里，用flawed一词指中美双方对于当前贸易不平衡的现状，都负有责任。In Aesops fables, there is the story of the blind and the limp, they forge a partnership to help one another. The limp shows the direction, and the blind does most of the walking.伊索寓言里，盲人和瘸子结伴而行，瘸子认路忙，盲人背着走。亮点词汇：forgevt.形成；缔造（尤指与其他人、团体或国家形成牢固的关系）注释：此段话用盲

17、人来比喻中国，靠大量生产商品和储蓄收入来维持经济增长；而用瘸子来比喻美国，依赖中国的廉价商品和信贷来维持舒适的生活方式。十分形象具体。But what goes around, comes around. Economics will reign and take it revenge.但天道轮回，经济终将王者归来，讨回公道。亮点句子：What goes around, comes around.注释：就是中国俗话说的，“出来混，总是要还的，该来的躲不掉”。以此表达对特朗普总统“并非想重振经济，只是想赢得嘴仗从而赢得选票”的不满。设题点考察学生对文章的细节理解和推断命题示例1宋以后，京师所设小

18、学馆和武学堂中的教师称谓皆称之为“教谕”。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习”。到清末，学堂兴起，各科教师仍沿用“教习”一称。其实“教谕”在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者则谓“教授”和“学正”。“教授”“学正”和“教谕”的副手一律称“训导”。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校”或“学”中传授经学者也称为“经师”。在一些特定的讲学场合，比如书院、皇室，也称教师为“院长、西席、讲席”等。What does the underlinedword “flawed”mean in Chinese in this passage?A.有道理

19、的B.可信赖的C.有错误的D.有关联的【解析】flawedadj. 有错误的；有缺点的。在这里，用flawed一词指中美双方对于当前贸易不平衡的现状都是有错误的，都难辞其咎。【答案】C命题示例2Whichis themain reasonof makingthe relationship between America and China even worse?A.Because America decided not to provide money and technology and talents to China anymore.B.Because China has been sh

20、ifting to consumption and innovation-driven growth.C.Because the trade surplus in favor of China has jumped from zero to three to 347 billion US dollars.D.Because China over-made and America over-spent,both realized it didnt help the growth of economy of both countries.【解析】A选项文中未提及；B选项说的是中国做出的转变; C选

21、项只是其中一个原因，但不是主要原因； D选项正确。根据第三段最后一句“The partnership worked well, until it didnt.China over-made and America over-spent, they both need to adapt.”可判断出中美关系正是因为中方过度制造，美方过度消费，从而导致增长的势头开始停止，弊端开始显露，这是中美关系持续恶化最重要的原因。【答案】D唐宋或更早之前，针对“经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目，其相应传授者称为“博士”，这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者，又称“讲师

22、”。“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。前者始于宋，乃“宗学”“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者；而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了，主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问，其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席，也是当朝打眼的学官。至明清两代，只设国子监（国子学）一科的“助教”，其身价不谓显赫，也称得上朝廷要员。至此，无论是“博士”“讲师”，还是“教授”“助教”，其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。命题示例3Which one can be inferred from the passage?宋以后，京师所设小学馆和武学堂中的教师称谓皆称之为“

23、教谕”。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习”。到清末，学堂兴起，各科教师仍沿用“教习”一称。其实“教谕”在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者则谓“教授”和“学正”。“教授”“学正”和“教谕”的副手一律称“训导”。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校”或“学”中传授经学者也称为“经师”。在一些特定的讲学场合，比如书院、皇室，也称教师为“院长、西席、讲席”等。A.China and US might cooperate in the near future,because they still need each other.B.Trum

24、p starts the game because he is trying towin the economic game.死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生能力发展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;而另一方面,老师们又为提高学生的语文素养煞费苦心。其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背”与提高学生素质并不矛盾。相反,它恰是提高学生语文水平的重要前提和基础。C.The current trade structure benefits American workers, not American companies.D.America will not rely on cheap goods and easy credits from China to maintain the American way of life.【解析】根据最后一段尤其“For the foreseeablefuture, China and US will cooperate willinglyor not.”可推断出，中美有可能在不久的将来会继续合作，因为他们仍然彼此需要。B、C、D选项均错误。【答案】A