高考英语短文改错答题技巧详解.doc

1、高考英语短文改错答题技巧详解高考英语短文改错答题技巧详解短文改错对考生的要求较高，是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查，检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力，进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平。考生在该项上往往失分较多，对该题感到束手无策。那么怎样找错误就成了解题的关键。小编在此跟大家分享一下短文改错题型的答题技巧。短文改错解题思路和检查原则：1. 句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；2. 谓语动词的时态、语态；3. 非谓语动词的用法；4. 名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；5. 定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；6. 代词的格和性的使用是否有误；7. 定语从句中关系代词、关系副

2、词是否准确无误；8. 并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短文改错解题四原则：改动以最少为原则；虚词以添加或删除为原则；实词以改变词形为原则；以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤：通读全文，掌握大意；整句分析，逐行推敲；反复通读，复查验证。解题注意要点和能力培养：1. 核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例。即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。2. 核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。3. 核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号、忽略字母大小写和拼写等问

3、题。短文改错常见错误类型：1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有一般现在时与一般过去时错用；and前后动词时态不一致；主谓不一致；缺少动词，特别是be动词；第三人称单数形式错用；主动语态和被动语态错用。They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改为do，错误类型属于)As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told storie

4、s. (visiting改为visited，错误类型属于)One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改为were，错误类型属于)There will an important game next month. (will后加be，错误类型属于)2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。Ill get good marks in all my subject. (subject改为subjects)Their word were a great encourag

5、ement to me. (word改为words)Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改为knowledge)3. 冠词错误：误用a和an（根据单词的第一个音素来判定）；误用a/an和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多冠词或少冠词）We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改为the，the same是固定搭配)As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mo

6、untain是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加a)I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可数名词，故have后加a)4. 形容词和副词错误：系动词（am/is/are/was/were/become/go）和感官性动词（smell/feel）后用形容词；词性的误用（形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词和形容词）。Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. (time是名词，要用形容词wonderful修饰)My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容词，terribly改为t

7、errible)5. 代词错误：代词的主格和宾格（I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them）错误；反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使用错误；代词的单数和复数使用错误；代词指代错误；多代词或少代词。Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me改为myself)One day I wrote a little stor

8、y and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other后加-s)Whats more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him改为them)6. 非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时；and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致；介词后用动名词形式作宾语；某些动词后要求接动名词或不定

9、式。Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接动名词，talk改为talking)But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主语，应改为going)Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语，read改为reading)I particularly enjoyed dr

10、iving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and连接的动名词前后不一致，故saw改为seeing)7. 介词错误：词组中的介词误用；介词意思理解偏差；介词的多用或少用。There are too many people among my family. (among改为in，in my family为固定搭配)要练说，先练胆。说话胆小是幼儿语言发展的障碍。不少幼儿当众说话时显得胆怯：有的结巴重复，面红耳赤；有的声音极低，自讲自听；有的低头不语，扯

11、衣服，扭身子。总之，说话时外部表现不自然。我抓住练胆这个关键，面向全体，偏向差生。一是和幼儿建立和谐的语言交流关系。每当和幼儿讲话时，我总是笑脸相迎，声音亲切，动作亲昵，消除幼儿畏惧心理，让他能主动的、无拘无束地和我交谈。二是注重培养幼儿敢于当众说话的习惯。或在课堂教学中，改变过去老师讲学生听的传统的教学模式，取消了先举手后发言的约束，多采取自由讨论和谈话的形式，给每个幼儿较多的当众说话的机会，培养幼儿爱说话敢说话的兴趣，对一些说话有困难的幼儿，我总是认真地耐心地听，热情地帮助和鼓励他把话说完、说好，增强其说话的勇气和把话说好的信心。三是要提明确的说话要求，在说话训练中不断提高，我要求每个幼儿在说话时要仪态大方，口齿清楚，声音响亮，学会用眼神。对说得好的幼儿，即使是某一方面，我都抓住教育，提出表扬，并要其他幼儿模仿。长期坚持，不断训练，幼儿说话胆量也在不断提高。I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at，the moment引导从句)