2019-2020学年高中英语 课后限时作业1 外研版选修8.doc

1、课后限时作业(一)语言知识练.单句语法填空1She is _in_ a poor state of health, which worries her mother much.2The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily _to_ new environments.3The girls songs made her stand _out_ from so many newcomers in the music world.4People _trapped_(trap) in the earthquake must b

2、e very scared. 5They began to work as soon as they set foot _on_ that small island.6He was promoted _to_ an assistant manager, which took everyone by surprise.7With all the work finally _finished_(finish), he sat down with a sigh. 8Good health depends on a _balanced_(balance) diet, proper exercise a

3、nd enough sleep.9He used to be _extremely_(extreme) shy but now he can talk freely to anyone he meets.10Her job is mainly concerned with sales and _promotion_(promote).句型训练1那位老人死了， 给他儿子留下了一些债务。The old man died, _leaving_his_son_some_debts_.2男孩擅长数学， 而女孩擅长语言。Boys are good at maths, _while_girls_are_go

4、od_at_languages_.3直到来到车站我才发现钱包丢了。Not until I got to the station _did_I_find_ my wallet lost.4做完了所有的工作， 经理终于感到轻松了。_With_all_the_work_done_， the manager felt at ease at last.5既然你已经看了那部电影， 我只好自己去看了。_Since_you_have_seen_the_film_， I will have to go to see it by myself.课文语法填空Antarctica, the coldest place

5、 on Earth, is the fifth 1._largest_(large) continent in the world. The conditions there are quite extreme with nearly no rainfall. 98% of the surface is covered 2._permanently_(permanent) by ice and strong winds 3._driven_(drive) by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline. 4._However_，it is full

6、 of wildlife like the famous penguins, 5._which_ can adapt to its hard conditions. The ice there has become a window on the past with gases and minerals 6._trapped_(trap) in it. 7._It_ was not until 1895 that the Norwegian explorer called Carstens Borchgrevink set foot 8._on_ the Antarctic mainland.

7、 In 1961, 12 countries signed 9._a_ treaty to make it the worlds biggest nature reserve. Today scientists from all over the world go there 10._to_study_(study) its resources and to work together for progress and peace.高考题型练.阅读理解Scientists think they have answered a mystery: How some ocean creatures

8、got so huge so quickly?A few million years ago, the largest whales, averaged about 15 feet long.Then seemingly overnight, one type of whale, the toothless baleen whale (须鲸) became huge.Modern blue whales get as big as 100 feet.Nicholas Pyenson of the Smithsonian Natural History Museum said, “Why is

9、that？” “It_happened_in_the_glance_of_an_evolutionary_eye,_which makes it harder to figure out what happened，” said Graham Slater, lead author of the study.Their study has suggested an answer: Ice ages in the last 3 to 5 million years started it, changing the oceans and food supply for whales.The res

10、earchers used fossil records of the smaller whales to create a family tree for baleen whales, which include blue whales, humpbacks and right whales.Using computer simulations(模拟) and knowledge about how evolution works, they concluded that when the size changes started, the poles got colder, ice exp

11、anded and the water circulation in the oceans changed and winds shifted.Slater and Pyenson said cold water went deep and moved closer to the equator(赤道) and then eventually moved back up with small fish and other small animals that whales eat.Baleen whales, which have no teeth feed by eating huge am

12、ounts of fish they capture.Toothed whales, like sperm whales (抹香鲸), hunt individual fish, so the ocean changes that made food less evenly spread out didnt affect them as much.But baleen whales hunt schools of fish.Olivier Lambert at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences calls it “a really

13、convincing situation”But he said the lack of fossils in certain time periods is an issue.As oceans warm from manmade climate change, the seas will be more like it was when the whales were smaller and they will have a more difficult time surviving.本文为说明文， 以鲸鱼为例分析了一些海洋动物生长变快、体型变大的原因， 并指出气候变化引起海洋变化， 目前

14、全球变暖导致部分鲸鱼将面临生存困难。1What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?AThe change of baleen whales happened too quickly.BThe change of baleen whales was too difficult to explore.CResearchers paid little attention to the change of baleen whales.DResearchers thought the change of baleen whales was

15、unimportant.解析 A句意理解题。根据下文中的which makes it harder to figure out what happened可推知， 画线句子指这种变化在进化的过程中只是匆匆一瞥， 形容其速度之快， 故选A项。2What played the key role in baleen whales becoming huge?AManmade climate change.BIts eating a huge amount of fish.CThe water circulation in the oceans.DThe increase of food supply

16、 for whales.解析 D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句、第三段最后一句及第四段最后一句可知， 由于海水流向和鲸鱼食物来源的变化， 须鲸能捕获到更多鱼群， 随着食物增多， 其体积变大， 故选D项。3What do we know about sperm whales and blue whales according to the passage?ASperm whales eat more food.BBlue whales live much longer.CBlue whales usually swallow schools of fish.DSperm whales prefe

17、r to hunt schools of fish.解析 C推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知， 蓝鲸属于须鲸；又根据第四段最后一句可知， 须鲸能捕获鱼群， 由此可推知， 蓝鲸也能捕获鱼群， 故选C项。4What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThere are no whale fossils now.BThe whales may become even bigger.COlivier Lambert thinks the study is perfect.DGlobal warming has threatened the whales.解析

18、D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知， 气候变暖引起海洋变化， 造成鲸鱼将面临生存困难的状况， 故选D项。.七选五Volunteering can, in fact, help you reduce stress, learn new skills, find new friends, and make a real difference in your community. If you give it a try, it might open the door to a revolutionary time in your life._1_.You can make a real dif

19、ferenceYou are extremely lucky. You have clean water, clothing, footwear, food, and access to free education. _2_. Use your skills to make a real difference in your community.Do you like to read? Consider teaching. Do you love animals? _3_. Are you handy? Volunteer to build houses and schools for th

20、e less fortunate.It gives you a sense of purposeWhen you volunteer, you will find the things that drive you and make your heart pound with excitement. It changes your view. And it can also help you realize what you are truly supposed to do in your life._4_Helping others and being useful can bring yo

21、u high satisfaction and motivation, which are the foundation for a healthy mind and body. The social contact aspect of volunteering can have a powerful effect on your overall wellbeing. _5_.Volunteering will make you feel good. It will help you appreciate the amazing, generous life youve been given,

22、 and it will help you grow as a person.AWork at an animal shelterBMaybe its time to give back a littleCVolunteering brings happiness to your lifeDVolunteering is good for your mind and bodyEWith that in mind, here are three reasons why you should volunteerFStudies have found that working with animal

23、s can reduce stress and anxietyGAfter all, nothing fights stress better than a real connection with a likeminded(志同道合的) person本文为说明文， 从三个方面分析了参与志愿活动的原因。1解析 E顺承关系。根据上文提到的做志愿的好处及下文的几个小标题可知， E项符合语境， 故选E项。2解析 B顺承关系。根据上文提到的(你很幸运， 有干净的水， 衣服， 鞋子， 食物， 而且能接受免费的教育)及空后一句(使用你的技能在你的社区中真正地有所作为)可知， B项(也许到你回报的时候了)符

24、合语境， 故选B项。3解析 A并列关系。根据上下文可知， 此处应是讲喜爱动物的人可以做的事情， A项句式与上下文一致， 故选A项。4解析 D总分关系。根据本段中的which are the foundation for a healthy mind and body可知， 本段讲的是志愿活动有益于身心健康， 故选D项。5解析 G递进关系。根据空前一句可知， 志愿活动的社会交往方面对你的全面健康有很大的影响。G项(没有什么比与志同道合的人保持联系更能战胜压力)承接上文， 故选G项。.短文改错I can still remember my elementary school very well.

25、Sue was my first grade teacher, and she was warmhearted. We real lessons with her. I would often get into trouble in her class, but I also learned a lot of. In the second grade, we had Rhonda, who treated us . We all liked her. She was our friend more than our teacher. Laura was my third grade teach

26、er, and she was really ！ Her class was probably the fun. But my fourth grade teacher changed life. Her name was Shirley Richardson. She was sixfoottall AfricanAmerican woman. Everyone was scared of her, in fact her heart was soft. I stopped getting into trouble and also to take school seriously. 解析

27、根据下文可知， 作者回忆了自己小学时期的四位老师， 故用复数形式teachers。 解析 此处描述过去的经历， 应用一般过去时。 解析 a lot of后必须接宾语， 而a lot可作状语修饰谓语learned, 此处表示“我也学会了很多”。 解析 此处应用副词作状语修饰动词treated。 解析 be动词后应用形容词作表语， 此处表示“幽默的”， 应用形容词humorous。 解析 句意：她的课堂可能是最有趣的。根据句意及定冠词the可知， 此处表示最高级含义， 故用most。 解析 句意：但是四年级的老师改变了我的人生。全文以第一人称讲述小学时的老师， 故life前应有限定词表示“我的人生”， 故在life前加my。 解析 句意：她是一位身高六英尺的非裔美国女性。此处介绍“我”四年级的老师是一个怎样的人， 是泛指， 故将the改为a。 解析 句意：每个人都很怕她， 但是事实上她有颗柔软的心。根据句意可知， 上下文之间为转折关系， 故用but。 解析 根据上一句中的stopped及and可知， 此处应用started与之并列， 表示“我不再陷入麻烦而且开始认真对待学习”。