2020-2021学年英语人教版选修8学案：UNIT 2 SECTION Ⅱ　LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE & USING LANGUAGE WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Section Learning about Language & Using Language.重点单词1owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于2shortly adv. 立刻；不久short adj. 短的3retire vi. 退休；离开retirement n. 退休；离开4bother vt. 打扰；vi. 操心；n. 烦扰5regulation n. 规则；规章；法规regular adj. 规则的；定期的；常规的regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地6strike vt. & vi. 打；撞击；罢工；n. 罢工7initial adj

2、. 最初的；开始的initially adv. 开始；最初8resist vt. 抵抗；对抗resistance n. 抵抗；阻力；抗力；电阻9drawback n. 缺点；不利条件10decoration n. 装饰decorate vt. 装饰11adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱12reasonable adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的reason n. 原因；理由.重点短语1(be) bound to (do). 一定或注定(做)2strike.into ones heart 使刻骨铭心3from_time_to_time 不时；偶尔4bring.back to life 使复生

3、；使复活5in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机6in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏).重点句式1so.that.如此以至于Her memory is so_excellent_that she could remember the exact names of the side roads we passed on the way.她的记忆力如此好以至于她能够准确记住在路上我们所经过的岔路的名字。2形容词作状语Did she die_young because she was a clone?因为她是克隆的，所以才早逝了吗？3with宾语宾补Diversi

4、ty in a group means having animals with their genes arranged (arrange) in different ways.群体的多样性是指这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。4if引导的虚拟条件句It would_be_unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were_to_live in a zoo.如果让克隆出来的绝种动物生活在动物园里，那是不公平的。课文预读恐龙的回归？第1段译文克隆凶猛和灭绝的野生动物的可能性一直使电影制片商感到兴奋。然而他们并不是唯一对此感到兴奋的人！在侏罗纪公园这部

5、影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同的绝种恐龙。类似这样的电影很受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。但事实上，要想克隆绝种动物，我们还有很长的路要走。科学家们现在还在进行克隆哺乳动物实验。这是因为克隆哺乳动物仍然还是一门新的科学，它是从20世纪50年代才开始认真进行研究的，如下列所示：20世纪50年代：克隆青蛙20世纪70年代：用老鼠胚胎进行研究1979年：对羊和老鼠的胚胎进行研究1981年：首次对老鼠进行实验性的克隆1983年：首次对奶牛进行实验性的克隆1996年：首次克隆哺乳动物(多莉羊)2000年：奶牛生野牛2001年：中国首次克隆出双胞胎小牛2002年：首次克隆猫2005年：

6、首次克隆狗第2段译文不时地会有人提议，克隆技术将有可能使地球上已经灭绝的动物(如恐龙)复活。不幸的是，据我们现在所知这是不可能的，也是不合适的。其原因有很多：首先要求你有完好的DNA(它提供有关细胞将如何生长的信息)。如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病，那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将是无用的。种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因以不同的方式排列。其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。经过克隆的动物群体的最大缺点是：它们的基因排列有可能完全相同，因而它们有可能会死于同一种疾病。这样它们可能一个也留不下来传宗接代了。你如

7、果克隆出任何绝种动物，而它们必须生活在动物园里，那是不公平的。它们需要合适的栖息地过正常的野生生活。 第3段译文就我们现在所知道的而言，不可能克隆那些已经绝种了一万年以上的动物。事实上恐龙在6 500万年以前就已经消失了。所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了。课文理解.课文判断正(T)误(F)1Scientists are still experimenting with cloning mammals because they think it can make money.(F)2Diversity in a group helps prevent animals from dyin

8、g of the same illness.(T)3Zoos are appropriate to the cloned animals.(F)4Scientists can only clone animals extinct 10,000 years ago.(F).课文阅读理解1The writer of the text _.Ais excited by the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct animalsBbelieves that extinct animals can be brought back to life by cl

9、oningCthinks it impossible or unsuitable to clone extinct animals like dinosaursDdreams of dinosaurs returning to the earth答案：C2The film Jurassic Park is popular because _.Apeople are interested in the subject of cloningBit was directed by a scientist who clones dinosaursCall the actors are dinosaur

10、sDit proves very interesting答案：A3The reasons why a group of cloned animals all die of the same illness do NOT include that _.Athey have the same arrangement of genesBthere isnt enough diversity in the group for it to overcome illnessesCthe illness is a new oneDtheir arrangement of genes can not resi

11、st that new disease答案：C4We can infer from the text that _.Ascientists are experimenting to clone dinosaursBdinosaurs will never return to the earthCcloned animals will only live in the zooDthe DNA of dinosaurs can only survive 10,000 years答案：B1 (教材P13)You owe the lady an apology.你得向这位女士道歉。(1)owe sb.

12、 sth.(owe sth. to sb.)欠某人某物owe sb. an apology 该向某人道歉owe.to. 欠；把归功于(2)owing adj. 拖欠的，未付的owing to. 因为，由于(常置于句首)即学即用(1)Have you paid me back the money you owed me yet?你欠我的钱还给我了吗？(2)He owes his good health to plenty of exercise and a regular life.他把他的身体健康归功于大量的锻炼和有规律的生活。(3)I owe a debt of gratitude to h

13、is family so Ill do my best to help them whenever they are in trouble.我很感激他的家人，因此无论他们什么时候遇到麻烦，我都将尽全力帮助他们。(4)Owing_to his parents support, he went to a famous university. He owed_his_success_to his parents, so he thought he owed_a_lot_to his parents.由于得到他父母的支持，他考上了一所著名的大学。他把他的成功归功于他的父母，因此他认为他欠他父母很多。2

14、 (教材P13).when he retired he would be able to look back on his life with satisfaction.当他退休时他就可以十分欣慰地回忆他的生活。(1)retire from.从退休retire as. 从的职位退休(2)retired adj. 已退休的，已退职的(3)retirement n. 退休，退职即学即用(1)His father was forced to retire early from teaching because of poor health.他的父亲由于身体不好而被迫早早地从教学岗位上退休。(2)I

15、have decided to retire from Formula One racing at the end of the season.我决定在这个赛季结束后，退出F1赛车比赛。(3)She had expected to stay in the company until retirement.她希望自己在该公司工作到退休。(4)After retiring_from political life, he went abroad.退出政治生活后，他出国了。3 (教材P14)However, the problem that she later developed a serious

16、lung disease bothered scientists.但是，后来她得了严重的肺病，这个问题让科学家们很烦心。(1)bother to do.费力做bother with/about sth. 操心某事bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或烦扰某人Dont bother 不用费心了；不用麻烦了Why bother? 为什么要那么麻烦？It bothers sb. that/to do sth. 使某人苦恼的是(2)have no/much/little bother (in) doing. 做不费力/很费力/几乎不费力put sb. to bother 给

17、某人添麻烦即学即用(1)Does it bother you that she earns more than you?你是不是因为她比你挣的钱多而觉得不自在？(2)It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house.想到她孤零零地待在那个大房子里我便坐立不安。(3)I dont want to_bother_him_with my problems at the moment.此刻我不想让他为我的事操心。(4)I dont want to put_you_to_any_bother.我不想给您添任何麻烦。(5)一句多译一直没有对他讲真话

18、，这让我很苦恼。It_bothers_me_not_to have told him the truth.It_bothers_me_that I havent told him the truth.Not having told him the truth puts_me_to_bother/bothers_me.4 (教材P15)The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to re

19、sist that disease to the next generation.其优点是，一旦暴发了某种新的疾病，这种动物中的一些个体可能会死掉，但其他个体却能存活下来，并且能把这种免疫力传给下一代。(1)resist sb./sth.抵抗/抵制某人/某物resist doing sth. 抵制做某事cant/couldnt resist doing sth. 禁不住做某事(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的be resistant to 对有抵抗力(3)resistance n. 抗拒；反对即学即用(1)She cant resist the hot weather an

20、y more.她再也无法忍受这么热的天气了。(2)One cannot help being old but one can resist being aged.一个人无法不变老但是他可以抵制衰老。(3)She couldnt resist_laughing when she saw that young man.当她看到那个年轻人的时候，她忍不住笑了起来。(4)Are people eating more fruit and vegetables better able to resist_diseases?吃更多水果和蔬菜的人能更好地抵抗疾病吗？1 (be) bound to (do).一

21、定或注定(做)(教材P14)Dollys death, like her birth, was bound to raise worries.多莉之死正如它的出世一样，肯定会带来焦虑。be bound up in sth.忙于某事；热衷于某事物be bound up with sth. 与某事物密切相关be bound for. 准备去；即将开往即学即用Even when walking in the company of two other men, I am bound to learn from them.三人行，必有我师。He is_too_bound_up_in_his_work t

22、o have much time for his children.他工作太忙，没有很多时间陪孩子们。The Captain said the ship was_bound_for Singapore.船长说此船是开往新加坡的。2 (教材P15)From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning.不时有人提出，像恐龙那样已经灭绝的动物可能会通过克隆使之复生。bring about引起，实现，导致brin

23、g back 带回来，拿回来；使回忆起来；使恢复bring down 降低，使下降，使倒下bring out 出版，生产；拿出，取出；说出；使显出，使(意义)明白表达出来bring up 抚养，培养，教育，使成长；呕吐；提出即学即用The doctor did all he could to bring him back to life.这位大夫竭尽全力让他苏醒过来。He left her to bring_up three young children on her own.他留下她独自抚养3个年幼的孩子。The good harvest soon brought_down the pric

24、e of rice.好的收成很快使大米的价格下降了。The photos brought_back many beautiful memories.这些照片给人们带来许多美好的回忆。3 (教材P15)All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病，那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将是无用的。in advance提前in charge 主管in turn 轮流地；依次地；相

25、应地in order 井然有序in common 有共同处；共有；共用in return(for) 作为(对的)回报即学即用It became obvious that all her complaints were in vain.很明显她所有的抱怨都是白费口舌。Although they are good friends, they have_little_in_common_with_each_other.尽管他们是好朋友，但是他们几乎没有共同之处。People try to avoid transportation delays by using their own cars, and

26、 this in_turn creates further problems.人们试图开私家车来避开交通堵塞，相应地这种情形带来了进一步的问题。In_return_for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.作为对你帮助的回报，我邀请你与我的家人一起过这个周末。4 (教材P17)The dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition.渡渡鸟刚刚灭绝，因此它的DNA的状况良好。out of condition健康状

27、况欠佳on this condition 在此条件下on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，主句用部分倒装语序)on condition that. 只要；如果即学即用My grandmother takes exercise every day, and she is in good condition now.我奶奶每天都锻炼身体，她现在身体状况很好。You may use this computer, on_condition_that (as long as) you are able to use it properly so as not to damage i

28、t.你可以使用这台电脑，条件是你能恰当地使用它，以免弄坏它。On no condition is_smoking_permitted in the library.图书馆里绝不允许吸烟。句中形容词young作状语，表示主语的状态。形容词(短语)作状语：(1)结构：可以是单个形容词，也可以是形容词短语。若形容词短语位于后面作状语，一般要用逗号将其和句子的其他部分分开；若单个形容词位于后面作状语，往往不需要用逗号。(2)位置：通常位于句子主语之前或之后，有时位于句末。(3)作用：一般用于说明主语的状况，可表原因、方式、伴随等。At least they lived happy.至少他们生活得很幸福

29、。Every nation, big_or_small,_should be equal.每个国家无论大小，都应平等。He returned from war, safe_and_sound.他安然无恙地从战争中归来。Thirsty_and_eager_to_get_a_rest,_she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a table by the window.由于口渴又想休息，她走进饭店，在靠窗的桌子旁坐下。 The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of the

30、se animals may die， but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是，如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。(1)The advantage is that.“优势是”，that在此引导表语从句。The advantage is that smiling can not only make us happy, but also please others.其优势在于

31、微笑不仅仅让我们高兴，还能愉悦别人。(2)其他类似结构有：The strength of.is that.的优势是The disadvantage of.is that. 的不足是The drawback of.is that. 的缺点是The problem of.is that. 的问题是The chance is that. 有可能The_drawback_of the popularity of cars is_that it brings about so much air pollution.汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。The_chance_is_that our te

32、am will finish at the top, as our remaining matches arent too difficult.由于我们队剩余的比赛不太艰难，我们队在结束时有可能名列前茅。.单词拼写1Do you think its reasonable to expect people to work more than 60 hours a week?2The problem why his son became so violent suddenly has been bothering me for a month.3The boss is so kind and fr

33、iendly to the workers that they all adore him.4It is reported that a famous singer was fined for breaking traffic regulations/rules.5According to the new policy, my father wont retire until he becomes 65.6The theory is based on a series of wrong assumptions (假定), which has no scientific evidence.7It

34、 was obvious that the vain girl couldnt resist (抗拒) showing off her new car to her friends.8His lack of education was a drawback (不利条件) when he looked for a job.9The wife urged that the kitchens decoration (装饰) should be finished in two days.10As we all know, they are not merely (只；仅) colleagues but

35、 also close friends in daily life.选词填空in vain, (be) bound to (do), from time to time, bring back to life, strike.into ones heart, in poor condition, pass on, shortly after1As a government official in the education field, you are_bound_to devote all your energy and time to helping all the students.2I

36、n this story, Shakespeare was brought_back_to_life but couldnt fit in with modern society.3I took the day off work because I didnt want to pass_on my flu to everyone in the office.4Shortly_after you left, a man came into the office looking for you.5With all the efforts in_vain,_he was very desperate

37、, falling ill.6The house really is in_poor_conditionit would cost far too much to repair.7Traffic accidents happen from_time_to_time on this road.8Americans identify with Obama and believe in him because his words strike_into_their_hearts.补全句子1Just as the saying goes，“One tree doesnt make a forest”，

38、 our success is_based_on_cooperating_with_others.正如谚语所言：“独木难成林”，我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。2He is a successful businessman; he owes_his_success_more_to_luck_than_to_ability.他是一个成功的商人，他把他的成功更多地归功于运气而不是能力。3Out of curiosity, I couldnt resist/help_glancing_at_his_diary.出于好奇，我忍不住看了一眼他的日记。4All my kids are gone and they dont_even_bother_to_write_to_me.我所有的子女都离开了，他们甚至不愿意费心给我写信。5Our future is_closely_bound_up_with_that_of_the_company.我们的将来与这家公司的将来紧密相连。6You can borrow the book, on_condition_that you dont lend it to anyone else.你可以借这本书，条件是不要把它借给别人。- 16 - 版权所有高考资源网