2019大一轮高考总复习英语（人教版）课时作业21 WORD版含解析.doc

1、课时作业(二十一)一阅读理解A体裁话题指数建议用时正确率说明文科技发展9_/4Futurologists (未来学家) predict that life will probably be very different in 2050.TV channels (频道) will have disappeared.Instead，people will choose a program from a “menu” and a computer will send the program directly to the television.Today，we can use the World W

2、ide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away.By 2050，music，films，programs，newspapers，and books will come to us by computer.Cars will run on new，clean fuels and they will go very fast.Cars will have computers to control the speed and there wont be any

3、accidents.Today，many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are.By 2050，the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination.Space planes will take people halfway around the world in 2 hours.Today，the United States Space Shuttle can go into space and land on Earth aga

4、in.By 2050，space planes will fly all over the world and people will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just 2 hours.Robots will have replaced people in factories.Many factories already use robots.Big computers prefer robotsthey dont ask for pay rises or go on strike，and they work 24 hours a day.By 205

5、0，we will see robots everywherein factories，schools，offices，hospitals，shops and homes.Medical technology will have conquered many diseases.Today，there are devices (设备) that connect directly to the brain to help people hear.By 2050，we will be able to help blind and deaf people to see and hear again.S

6、cientists will have discovered how to control genes (基因)Scientists have already produced clones (克隆) of animals.By 2050，scientists will be able to produce clones of people，and decide how they look，how they behave and how clever they are.Scientists will be able to do these things，but should they?1Acc

7、ording to the passage，the following can be realized today EXCEPT _.Areading newspapers on a computerBmaking a space shuttle go into space and land on Earth againCcreating cloned animalsDchoosing TV programs freely from a “menu”2We can learn from the passage that some big companies prefer robots to h

8、uman workers，because human workers _.Acan work 24 hours a dayBoften ask for more payCare not clever enoughDare often late for work3From Paragraph 5 we can infer that _.Athere will be no blind and deaf people by 2050Bfew diseases will attack people by 2050Cdevices are connected directly to the brain

9、to help people hearDmedical technology will be more effective by 20504What is the authors attitude towards the cloning technology?AThe author does not support the use of cloning technology.BThe author thinks human cloning is impossible.CThe author does not really support the idea of human cloning.DT

10、he author is quite excited about human cloning.语篇解读本文讲的是到2050年科技的发展方向。1解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中说到的，D项的内容要到2050年才能实现，因此选D。2解析：选B推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Big computers prefer robotsthey dont ask for pay rises or go on strike，and they work 24 hours a day.”可推断工人常会要求涨工资，而机器人不会。3解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章内容可知医疗水平到2050年将会有很大提升。4解析：选C

11、推理判断题。根据最后一段中的反问句可知，作者对科学家的行为提出了质疑。B体裁话题指数建议用时正确率说明文黑匣子9_/4You never see them，but theyre with you every time you fly.They record where you are going，how fast youre traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally.Their ability to withstand (抵挡) almost any disaster makes them

12、 seem like something out of a comic book.Theyre known as the black box.When planes fall from the sky，as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the Indian ocean June 30,2009，the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong.So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the dev

13、ices homing signal five days later，the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.In 1958，Australian scientist David Warren developed a flightmemory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction.That was the fi

14、rst mode for a black box，which became a requirement on all US.commercial flights by 1960.However，early models often failed to withstand crashes.So in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the planethe area least subject to impactfrom its original position in the landing

15、wells (起落架舱)The same year，the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes，which were never actually black，be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.Modern airplanes have two black boxes：a voice recorder，which tracks pilots conversations，and a flightdata recorder，which monitors fuel levels

16、，engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircrafts final moments.Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarterinchthick panels of stainless steel，the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000When submerged (潜入水中)，theyre

17、 also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft.Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447，which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009，are in water nearly that deep，but statistics say theyre still likely to turn up.In the approximately 20 deepsea crashes over the past 30 years，only one pl

18、anes black boxes were never recovered.5What does the author say about the black box?AIt ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.BThe idea for its design comes from a comic book.CIts ability to ward off disasters is incredible.DIt is an indispensable device on an airplane.6What information coul

19、d be found from the black box on the Yemenia airliner?AData for analyzing the cause of the crash.BThe total number of passengers on board.CThe scene of the crash and extent of the damage.DHoming signals sent by the pilot before the crash.7Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?ANew materials becam

20、e available by that time.BToo much space was needed for its installation.CThe early models often got damaged in the crash.DThe early models didnt provide the needed data.8What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?AThere is still a good chance of their being recovered.BThere is

21、 an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.CThey have stopped sending homing signals.DThey were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.语篇解读黑匣子记录飞机的运转情况，黑匣子的这种抵抗各种灾难的能力似乎像漫画书中描绘的一样。5解析：选D细节理解题。从文章第一句话可知作者认为黑匣子是飞机上不可缺少的部分。选D。6解析：选A推理判断题。由第二段第一句“.the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong

22、.”可知，这个黑匣子里面有很多的数据可供分析使用，故A项正确。7解析：选C细节理解题。倒数第二段“However，early models often failed to withstand crashes.So in 1965 the device was completely redesigned.”提到，早期的黑匣子经常抵挡不住空难的破坏，因此在1965年，黑匣子被重新设计，故答案为C。8解析：选A细节理解题。文中最后一段提到，专家相信法航447号的黑匣子是在水下20,000英尺的深度，接着指出，但是统计数据显示它们仍然可能出现，即有可能被找到，接下来的具体统计数据也进一步说明了这一点，

23、所以答案为A。二七选五阅读体裁话题指数建议用时正确率议论文笑是良药7_/5There is an English saying：“_1_” Until recently，few people took the saying seriously.Now，however，doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body._2_Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body.People watche

24、d funny films while doctors checked their hearts，blood pressure，breathing and muscles.It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise._3_ If laughter exercises the body，it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on t

25、he body.In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs.The group that tolerated (忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program._4_5_ They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughin

26、g，making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.ALaughter can prolong ones life.BAs a result of these discoveries，some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to

27、laugh.CThe reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain.DIt increases blood pressure，the heart beating and breathing; it also works on several groups of muscles in the face，the stomach and even the feet.

28、EAlthough laughter helps cure the disease，doctors still can not put this theory into clinic practice.FLaughter is the best medicine.GThey have found that laughter really can improve peoples health.语篇解读“笑是一剂良药”，医学证明笑的确能够改善人们的健康状况，减少痛苦。1解析：选F根据前面的English saying可知，空白处应该为一句谚语，再根据后面的陈述可推知应是与“笑”有关，故选F。2解析

29、：选G前文说“医生开始研究笑以及它对人体的影响”，由此可推断出G正确。3解析：选D由前面提到的their hearts，blood pressure，breathing and muscles可推知，该空应是陈述笑是如何像锻炼一样，影响人的这些方面的，故选D。4解析：选C根据“关键词复现法”这一解题技巧可知，空白处的前一句话里含有pain，而只有C含有关键词pain，故选C。5解析：选B结合后文的叙述，尤其是making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter可判断出，前面应该是让病人笑起来，然后是帮助治病的方式，故选B。