人教版高三英语总复习之语法专项突破一轮复习：语法专项四形容词和副词.ppt

1、必备知识梳理方法规律技巧课 时 作 业1修饰some，any，every，no和body，thing，one等构成的复合不定代词时，放其后。nobodyabsent，everythingpossible2以able，ible结尾的形容词可置于最高级或only修饰的名词之后。thebestbookavailable，theonlysolutionpossible3 alive，alike，awake，aware，asleep等可以后置。theonlypersonawake4 和空间、时间单位连用时，可后置。a bridge 50 meterslong5 成对的形容词可以后置。a huge roo

2、m simpleand beautiful6 形容词短语一般后置。amandifficulttoget on with2多个词修饰同一个名词时的排序代词数词性状形容词冠词前的形容词冠词指示代词不定代词代词所有格序数词基数词性质状态大小长短形状新旧温度颜色国籍产地材料质地名词allbothsuchthethisanotheryoursecondnextonefourbeautifulgoodpoorlargesmallnewcoolblackyellowChineseLondonsilkstone3.复合形容词的构成1 形容词名词edkindhearted6名 词 形容词worldfamous2

3、 形容词形容词darkblue7名 词 现在分词peaceloving3 形容词现在分词ordinarylooking8名 词 过去分词snowcovered4 副词现在分词hardworking 9数 词 名词edthreelegged5 副词过去分词newlybuilt10数 词 名词twentyyear(2)用作表语，与系动词be，grow，get，become，feel，appear，prove，seem，look，keep，smell，taste，sound，turn，remain等连用。如：The desk is clean.这张桌子是干净的。The weather is gett

4、ing warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和了。(3)用作宾语补足语。如：I find it easy to get on with him.我发现和他相处很容易。I think it very interesting.我认为它很有趣。(4)作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、结果等。如：He sat in the corner，silent.他坐在角落里，一言不发。He arrived home，tired and hungry.他回到家里，又累又饿。2副词的作用(1)副词一般在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。如：His speech directly affecte

5、d the strike.(修饰动词)他的演讲直接影响了罢工。He is very diligent.(修饰形容词)他非常勤奋。You can find books on that subject quite easily.(修饰副词)你能很容易地找到关于那个科目的书。Luckily she was in when I called.(修饰句子)幸运的是当我打电话的时候她在。(2)副词还可作表语。如：One of the trees is down.一棵树倒了。(3)有时副词还可用作定语，一般放在所修饰词的后面，也可放在前面。如：The population here is getting s

6、maller and smaller.这里的人口数量越来越少。Write your name in the space below.把你的名字写在下面空白处。(4)副词也可以构成复合宾语。如：I saw you out with Mr Wang yesterday.我昨天看见你跟王先生出去了。(5)表示位置的副词常与动词构成短语，表示特定的意思。如pick out，turn up，think over等。2以字母a开头的形容词不可直接用very来修饰。如：very much alone 非常孤单的very much afraid 很害怕的fast asleep 熟睡的greatly asham

7、ed 非常害羞的但有时也说very alike非常相像。3.以字母a开头的形容词本身带有副词来修饰时，可以用作前置定语。如：a somewhat afraid soldier 一个有些害怕的战士the wide awake soldiers 十分清醒的士兵形容词作状语(2)as形容词as数量词数量词形容词，但表示强调。如：The building is as tall as 100 meters.The building is 100meters tall.The well is as deep as 130 meters.The well is 130meters deep.The aver

8、age cost of one day in a hospital in that countrycan run as high as$400.在那个国家里一天的平均住院费用可高达400美元。(3)貌似同等程度比较结构的一些习惯用语英语中有些看似是同等程度的比较结构，实际上它们是一些固定的习惯用语，它们是：as long as只要，长达；as far as到地点，就而言；as soon as一就；as well as 既又；as good as(very nearly)与几乎一样，几乎，简直。如：I will work as(so)long as I live.只要活着，我就要工作。He ha

9、s experience as well as knowledge.他既有知识又有经验。(注意此句翻译的顺序)2比较级(1)比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，three times等。如：The students study even harder than before.学生们学习比以前更努力了。(2)“the比较级.，the比较级.”表示“越越”。如：The more tickets you sell,the more money yo

10、u will get.你卖的票越多，你得到的钱就越多。The longer you stay,the better(it will be)你待的时间越长越好。(3)比较级and比较级，表示“越来越”。如：The new city becomes more and more beautiful.这个新城市变得越来越美丽了。(4)the比较级of the two名词，表示“两个中较的”。如：The taller of the two boys is my brother.那两个男孩中较高的是我的哥哥。(5)用介词by表示相差的程度。如：She is taller than I by three i

11、nches.She is three inches taller than I.她比我高3英寸。(6)同一个人或同一事物的两种性质的比较，用more.than.结构，意为“与其不如”。如：John is more diligent than clever.与其说约翰聪明，不如说他勤奋。(7)用比较级表示最高级意义的常见句型：比较级thanany other单数名词/any of the other 复 数 名 词/anyoftheothers/anyone else/anybodyelse/anything else/all the others/all the other复数名词He stu

12、dies harder than any other student in our class.他是班里学习最用功的学生。No other单数名词/No one/None/Nobody比较级than.No other student in the class is taller than he.他是班里最高的同学。主语否定式谓语(含not或never)比较级It cant be worse.(Its the worst thing Ive ever known.)这是我知道的最糟糕的事情。(8)注意比较结构中的省略现象在日常交际中，彼此都明白的比较对象往往省略。如：What do you th

13、ink of the film?I have never seen a better one.(后边省略了than this film)Toms composition,if not better(后边省略了than Jacks)，isat least as good as Jacks.(9)貌似比较级的一些固定习惯用语More than one student was given away a ticket to theconcert.不止一个学生被发给了去观看音乐会的票。He prefers to stay at home rather than go to the cinema.他宁愿待

14、在家里，也不愿意去看电影。3最高级(1)最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like。如：The bridge being built now is by far the longest across theYellow River.目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。Id like to buy the second most expensive camera.我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。(2)否定词比较级最高级。如：There is no greater lo

15、ve than that of a man who laysdown his life for his friends.为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。例如：他的收入是她的三倍：He earns twice more than her.He earns three times as much as her.He earns three times the money that she does.The money he earns is three times that of hers.He earns three times what she does.I took a great d

16、eal of trouble to finish the work.我费了好大的劲才完成这项工作。A large amount of food was sent to the disaster areas.大量的食品被运往灾区。Its cheaper to buy goods in quantity/in large quantities.大批量购货较便宜。Babies are allowed to travel free on the bus.婴儿可以免费乘公交车。You may speak quite freely in front of me.在我面前你可以畅所欲言。Tom is alw

17、ays coming late.汤姆总是迟到。I havent seen Mary lately.我最近没见到玛丽。He came direct to London.他直接来到伦敦。Ill be there directly.我马上就到那里。解析句意：你是这里的正式雇员吗？不，格林女士请假了，我只是在这儿帮忙。conventional传统的；specific具体的；contemporary当代的，现代的；permanent永久的，根据句意选D项。答案D解析比较级用在含有否定意义的句子中，且其前加不定冠词a时，表示“最”。句意：你认为这是野餐的好天气吗？是的，在这个季节，这就是最好的日子了。答案

18、B例如：(2011安徽皖南八校联考)As we have known from the mapof the world,this is_.Atwice as large an island as thatBtwice as larger as that islandCas twice large as that oneDtwice as a large island as that解析第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。倍数的表达有三种方式：1)倍数asadj./adv.as被比较对象，这一句型中，如果形容词修饰一单数可数名词，那么要把形容词提到冠词的前面来，即：倍数asad

19、j.a/an单数可数名词as被比较对象；2)倍数形容词或者副词的比较级than被比较对象；3)倍数thesize/width/depth/length/heightof被比较对象。根据倍数的表达形式，我们不难找到答案。答案A4体会主语特征，注意形容词作状语。通常情况下副词作状语修饰动词、形容词或副词，但形容词也可作状语，通常表示主语所处的状态。如：(2012浙 江 杭 州 七 校 联 考)Havingbeenpraisedbytheteacher，the little girl ran back home，_.Ahappily and satisfiedBeager and excitedlyChappy and satisfiedDanxiously and excitedly解析句意：被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩非常满意，高兴地跑回家了。形容词作状语，说明主语的特征或者状态，故选C项。答案C温示提馨请做：课时作业（44）课时作业堂堂清（点击进入）