2019-2020学年人教版高中英语必修3 UNIT 4 ASTRONOMY THE SCIENCE OF THE STARS 课后限时作业12 WORD版含答案.doc

1、课后限时作业(十二)Section Learning about Language & Using Language单句语法填空(建议用时：7分钟)1When the fire broke _out_, the people in the building lost their head and ran in all directions.2The children cheered _up_ at the news that they would have an adventure.3Now _that_ you get a chance, you might as well make ful

2、l use of it.4The old photo called up my memory of the small forest during my childhood, through which _flowed_(flow) a clean stream.5I think you should watch out _for_ that mandont be cheated by him.6Ann is ill, but with careful nursing she will pull _through_ soon.7The heavy curtain blocked _out_ t

3、he light, which made me uncomfortable.8He escaped _being killed_(kill) in the big fire but his wife and daughter didnt.9Its said that the power plant is now twice _as_ large as what it was.10The sun gives off light and warmth, which makes it possible for plants _to grow_(grow)阅读理解(建议用时：7分钟)Businessm

4、an Elon Musk says his company is building a powerful, reusable rocket and a spaceship that may travel to the planet Mars. “The spacecraft would eventually be able to take as many as 100 people and their equipment to the red planet，” he said. He wants to establish a city on Mars. He said the planned

5、city would be able to support itselfcomplete with the ability to make iron, as well as pizzas.Musk wants human beings to be able to live on more than just one planet. And he said the best way to do that is to first colonize(建殖民地) Mars. He wants many people to be able to travel to the red planet.“Rea

6、lly the key is making this affordable to almost anyone who wants to go”“Reusing rockets and spaceships will help lower the cost for each person，” he explained. The spaceships would also be able to refuel(补给燃料) in orbit. He suggested the production of methane(甲烷) and oxygen on Mars would provide fuel

7、 for the trip back home.Musk says a selfsupporting colony on the planet would require about 1 million people. To get them there and to build the colony, it would take between 40 and 100 yearsor about 10,000 flights with 100 people per flight. Musk said the trip would last between 80 and 150 days. Ev

8、entually, the cost would go down.“The very first flights will be fairly expensive, but the architecture allows for a cost per ticket of less than $200,000.”No date has been set for the first flight. But Musk said he wanted to send the first manned mission to Mars by 2024. He added that he plans to s

9、tart transporting supplies to the planet as soon as 2018.Musk invited other companies to join the Mars effort, which reportedly would require about a $10 billion investment.语篇导读本文为记叙文。商人Elon Musk声称，他的公司正在建造可循环使用的火箭、飞船，这样就会使去火星旅行的成本降低，他还计划在火星上建立殖民地。1What will Musk do to make the trip to the Mars chea

10、p?ABuild a reusable rocket and spaceship.BIncrease the number of passengers on the spaceship.CTake less equipment on the spaceship.DEstablish a city there and never come back.解析A细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，制造可循环利用的火箭、飞船可降低旅行成本，故选A项。2If the spaceship returns to the earth, where will the fuel come from?ASunlight

11、. BGas.COil. DNuclear.解析B细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，飞船返回地球的燃料是火星上生产的甲烷和氧气，二者都是气体，故选B项。3According to Musks plan, when will the first manned spaceship be sent to the Mars?ABy 2018. BBy 2024.CBy 2028. DBy 2030.解析B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，他希望在2024年前发射载人的火星飞船，故选B项。4What is the main idea of the passage?AMusk makes a pla

12、n for Mars colony.BReusable rockets and spaceships are being built.CThe Mars is suitable to live on for humans.DThe trip to the Mars will be cheaper.解析A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，Musk计划在火星上建立殖民地，为了降低旅行成本，他将建造可多次使用的火箭和飞船，故选A项。完形填空(建议用时：18分钟)Dandelions(蒲公英) are common weeds that grow in many places around the world

13、. In different _1_, dandelions take different shapes. Scientists have long _2_ that different habitats led to the creation of _3_ species, and that differences in form are actual proof of different species. _4_, according to Turesson, it is also possible that a _5_ species takes different shapes dep

14、endent on the habitats it _6_ in. To study this, I have looked at two dandelions growing in different habitats. The one, _7_ I will call Dandelion 1, grows in a grass field that lies in the _8_. The other dandelion, Dandelion 2, grows in the shadow, eg. _9_ the trees or behind a shed. The grass fiel

15、d is hot and _10_. The shadow is cool and wet. So, what are the _11_ between Dandelion 1 and 2?Dandelion 1 is dark green, and its _12_ are short and quite thick. Most of the leaves lie _13_ on the surrounding grass. The flowers are short. Dandelion 2, on the other hand, looks very different. The lea

16、ves are long and _14_ green.Most leaves stand in a vertical(垂直的) position. The flowers also _15_ tall.Dandelion 2 _16_ strong and tall. It is clear that it grows very well in the _17_, and it has enough _18_ and space to grow into a big plant. Dandelion 1, on the other hand, is small and dark. It se

17、ems that the _19_ in the grassland make it difficult for this dandelion to grow into a big plant._20_, the conditions in the two different habitats result in different shapes for these dandelions. For Dandelion 1, the sun makes the grass field hot and dry. In order to save water, it grows short and

18、thick leaves.1A.houses BhabitatsCparks Dcountries2A.disagreed BprovidedCbelieved Dcalculated3A.new BgoodCold Dbad4A.However BThereforeCThus DOtherwise5A.special BdifferentCstrange Dsingle6A.plants BworksCtakes Dgrows7A.what BwhichCthat Dwhen8A.world BmountainCsun Dvalley9A.under BoverCupon Dbetween1

19、0A.humid BwetCsoft Ddry11A.similarities BadvantagesCdifferences Ddisadvantages12A.seeds BleavesCweeds Dwoods13A.flat BapartCdead Ddry14. Adark BbrightCartificial Dfamiliar15A.lie BbreakCstand Dperform16A.sounds BsmellsCfeels Dlooks17A.water BsunCshadow Dgrassland18A.sunshine BleavesChoney Dwater19A.

20、conditions BoccasionsCsituations Dpreparations20A.Fortunately BObviouslyCConsequently DAccidentally语篇导读本文为说明文。作者做了一个实验，来证明两种不同的生存环境会让蒲公英具有不同的外形。1解析B根据下文及多次提到的habitats可知，此处指蒲公英是多地常见的植物，在不同环境中生长的蒲公英有不同的外形。habitat栖息地，符合语境，故选B项。2解析C根据空后科学家们的观点可知，此处指科学家们认为。disagree不同意；provide提供；believe认为；calculate计算，故选C项

21、。3解析A根据空后的that differences in form are actual proof of different species可知，此处指不同的生长地导致新(new)品种的产生，故选A项。4解析A上句说不同的外形能证明不同的品种，下句讲Turesson认为也有可能是同一品种有不同外形，空处前后为转折关系。however然而；therefore因此；thus因此；otherwise否则，故选A项。5解析D参见上题解析。special特殊的；different不同的；strange奇怪的；single单一的，故选D项。6解析D全文都是在介绍蒲公英因生长环境不同而呈现出不同的外形，

22、再结合空前的habitats可知，此处应指它生长(grow)的环境，故选D项。7解析B此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是The one，指物，应用关系代词which引导，故选B项。8解析C此处与下文的in the shadow形成对比，根据常识及下文的The grass field is hot可知，蒲公英1号种在阳光下，故选C项。9解析A根据空前的in the shadow可知，此处指将蒲公英2号种在背阴处，如树下(under)或棚屋后面，故选A项。10解析D两种情况是相对的，第二种情况是在背阴处，又凉又湿，那么种在阳光下的草地上的应该是又热又干。humid潮湿的；wet湿的；soft软的；d

23、ry干的，故选D项。11解析C根据上文内容可知，作者这样种植是为了观察其区别，下文就列举了观察结果。similarity相似之处；advantage优势；difference差异；disadvantage劣势，故选C项。12解析B此处指蒲公英1号的叶片是深绿色的，短而厚，与下句的the leaves呼应。seed种子；leaf叶子；weed野草；wood木头，树林，故选B项。13解析A根据下文中的Most leaves stand in a vertical position可知，第二种情况下种出来的蒲公英叶子是立着的，那么第一种情况下的蒲公英的叶子应是平铺在周围的草上。flat平的；apar

24、t分开的；dead死的；dry干的，故选A项。14解析B根据上一句中的looks very different和上文的dark green可知，蒲公英2号的叶子应是浅绿的。bright明亮的，符合语境。dark黑暗的，深色的；artificial人造的；familiar熟悉的，故选B项。15解析C根据上一句可知，此处指蒲公英2号的花儿也长得很高，上一句中的stand为提示。lie躺，说谎；break打破；stand站立；perform执行，表演，故选C项。16解析D根据上一段对两种情况下生长的蒲公英的对比可知，蒲公英2号看起来(look)很壮很高，故选D项。17解析C根据上文可知，此处指背阴处

25、的蒲公英长得很好。shadow阴影；阴暗处，符合语境，故选C项。18解析D根据上文的The shadow is cool and wet可知，此处指种在背阴处的蒲公英有足够的水分(water)和空间长成大的植物，故选D项。19解析A根据语境及上下文可知，此处指似乎草地的条件使蒲公英很难长成大的植物。condition条件；occasion场合；situation状况；preparation准备，第20空后的conditions也是提示，故选A项。20解析B本段为总结段落，作者通过实验得出结论：很明显，不同的生存环境导致蒲公英的外形不同。obviously明显地，符合语境。fortunately

26、幸运地；consequently因此；accidentally偶然地，故选B项。.语法填空(建议用时：8分钟 )We often think of future. We often wonder 1._the world will be like in a hundred years time.Think 2._ space. Perhaps a permanent station on the moon will have 3._ (set) up. Perhaps people will be able to visit the moon as 4._(visit). Cheap rock

27、ets for space travel will have been developed, 5._(permit) long journeys through the solar system. When that time 6._(come), people will be taking holidays in space and visiting 7._ planets. Great progress will have been made in medicine, too. 8._(pollute) will have been controlled in a hundred year

28、s time.All the world will have been developedeven the Antarctic(南极地区). We will have used up most of the earths land to build our cities, so 9._(float) cities will have been built. The Japanese have already had plans of this kind. What is more 10._(believe) is that there will be cities under the sea.

29、语篇导读本文为说明文，介绍了想象中一百年后世界的样子。1what解析考查引导词。空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，故填what。2of解析考查介词。根据第一段第一句We often think of future可知，此处也应用think of。think of想到；考虑到。3been set解析考查时态和语态。a permanent station和set up之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据空前的will have可知，此处应用将来完成时，故填been set。4visitors解析考查词性转换和名词的数。as在此处作介词，意为“作为”，后接名词作宾语；根据句意可知，空处应

30、填表示人的名词，且句子主语people为复数，故填visitors。5permitting解析考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语，且空前无连词，此处应用非谓语动词；permit和Cheap rockets for space travel之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，故填permitting。6comes解析考查时态和主谓一致。when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来含义，time为单数，故填comes。7other解析考查代词。句意：当那个时代到来时，人们将在太空里度假并参观其他行星。地球是一个行星，到太空旅行时参观的行星是除地球之外的其他的行星，故填other。8Pollution解析考查词性转换。句意：在一百年之后污染也将得到控制。空处是句子主语，应用名词形式，表示“污染”，故填pollution。9floating解析考查词性转换。空处应用形容词floating作定语修饰cities，表示“处于漂浮状态的城市”。10unbelievable解析考查语义和词性转换。根据空前的is和more可知，此处应用形容词作表语，unbelievable意为“难以置信的”，符合语境。