初中英语新外研版七年级下册Unit5单词讲解（2025春）.doc

1、七年级英单词语下册Unit5讲解A部分1.Plateau (名词) 高原【用法讲解】 plateau为可数名词，其复数形式为plateaus，还可译为“平稳、停滞状态”；plateau也可为动词，译为“进入停滞期”。Eg: The road straightened and we were on a plateau.路直了，我们使上了高原。The companys profits have reached a plateau.公司的利润已经达到了一个停滞期。The companys sales have plateaued.该公司的销售额已经停滞不前了。2.Cloud (名词) 云【用法讲解】

2、 cloud为可数名词，其复数形式为clouds，还可译为“云状物、阴影”等。Eg: A white cloud 一朵白云A cloud of dust一片灰尘The clouds of war 战争的阴影The dark clouds in the sky meant that a storm was coming.天空中的乌云预示暴风雨即将来临。The plane climbed until it was clear of the clouds.飞机爬升直至穿出了云层。【派生词】 cloudy为形容词，译为“多云的”。Eg: It was cloudy yesterday.昨天是阴天。3.

3、Soft (形容词) 柔软的【用法讲解】 soft作形容词，还可译为“柔和的、温和的”。Eg: The grass was soft and springy.草很柔软而且有弹性。The room was flooded with soft light.房间里充满了柔和的光。Her voice was soft.她的声音很温柔。The horses hooves bit deep into the soft earth.马蹄深深地陷进了松软的土里。【常见搭配】 soft music轻音乐soft whisper 轻声细语Soft rain 小雨/细雨Eg: When he woke again

4、he could hear soft music.他再次醒来时，听见了轻柔的音乐声。She heard a soft whisper in her ear.她耳边传来了轻柔的低语声。The house looked pretty in the soft rain.细雨中的房子看起来很美。4.Brightly (副词) 明亮地【用法讲解】 brightly常常位于动词之后修饰动词，也可位于形容词之前修饰形容词。Eg: The stars were shining brightly.星光灿烂。Brightly coloured eggs are hidden for children to try

5、 to find.色彩鲜艳的彩蛋被藏起来让小孩子们去找。【派生词】 bright为形容词，译为“明亮的、聪明的、光明的”。Eg: The bright sun is putting everyone in a good mood.明媚的阳光让每个人都心情愉悦。The little girl is only four, but she is ever so bright! 这个小女孩只有四岁，但她非常聪明！She has a bright future in the field of science.她在科学领域有着光明的前途。5.Lotus (名词) 莲花（图案）、荷花（图案）【用法讲解】 l

6、otus为可数名词，其复数形式为lotuses。Eg: I like enjoying the moonlight beside a lotus pond.我喜欢独自欣赏荷塘的月色。【常见搭配】 lotus flower 荷花Lotus leaf荷叶Lotus root莲藕Lotus seed莲子6.Sky (名词) 天、天空【常见搭配】 sky为不可数名词；sky也可为动词，译为“飞涨”。Eg: The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。The level of the river is skying.河水猛涨。7.Calm (形容词) 镇静的、沉着的、心平气和的【用法讲解】 calm作

7、形容词，也可译为“平静的”；calm还可为动词，译为“使平静”；calm也可为名词，译为“平静”。Eg: He remained calm under pressure.他在压力下保持镇定。The lake was calm and still.湖面平静无波。Take a deep breath and try to calm yourself.深呼吸，尽量让自己平静下来。She found a moment of calm in her busy schedule.她在繁忙的日程中找到了一段平静的时光。【常见搭配】 calm sb.down使某人平静下来Stay/ keep/ remain

8、calm 保持镇静Eg: He went for a walk to calm his friend down.他去散步，让他的朋友平静下来。Under such pressure, she remained calm.在这样的压力下，她依然保持镇静。8.Above (介词) 在（.）上方【用法讲解】 above作介词时表示“某物位于另一物的上方”或“数量、水平或重要性超过”或“地位、级别、能力方面超过他人”；above作副词时表示“在较高的位置”或“某人在各方面超过他人”。Eg: The sun rose above the horizon.太阳已升到地平线以上。Its above 15 d

9、egrees outside.外面温度超过15度。Mike is in the class above me.Hes really good at maths.马克的数学成绩比我好。He was staring into the mirror above him.他盯着在他上方的镜子。He is above me in every way.他在各方面都比我强。9.Express (动词) 表达、表示、表现【用法讲解】 express可作形容词，译为“快速的、特快的”；express也可为名词，译为“快递服务”。Eg: I want to express my gratitude to ever

10、yone who helped me.我想表达我对每一个帮助我的人的感激。I took an express train to save time.我乘坐了特快列车以节省时间。Id like to send this express, please.劳驾，我想要寄快递。【常见搭配】 express oneself 表达自己Express delivery 快递送货Eg: Its important to express oneself freely in a creative environment.在一个创意环境中自由表达自己是很重要的。I prefer express delivery f

11、or urgent packages.我最喜欢使用快递送货来处理紧急包裹。【派生词】 expression为名词，译为“表达、表情”；expressive为形容词，译为“善于表达的”。Eg: This expression is used mainly in speech, not in writing.这种表达主要用于口语，而不是书面语。You can train him to be more expressive.你可以训练他，使其更具表现力。10.Grassland (名词) 草原【用法讲解】 grassland为可数名词，其复数形式为grasslands。Eg: There are m

12、any grasslands in the steppes of Mongolia.蒙古的草原上有许多的草地。11.Field (名词) 田地、田野【用法讲解】 field作可数名词，其复数形式为fields，还可译为“领域、范围、运动场”；field也可为动词，译为“防守、处理”。Eg: People were working in the fields.人们在田间劳动。He has rich research experience in the agricultural field.他在农业领域有着丰富的研究经验。This football match will be played on

13、the new field.这场足球比赛将在新的运动场上进行。Shes so good at fielding the ball.她接球很好。Ive been fielding calls from angry customers all day.我整天都在处理愤怒客户的来电。【常见搭配】 Field of vision 视野Eg: The camera has a wide field of vision.这台相机的视野很广。12.Few (形容词) 很少、不多【用法讲解】 few还可为名词，译为“少数、一些”；few的比较级为fewer，最高级为fewest。Eg: He speaks a

14、 few languages.他只会说几种语言。Few of them are willing to help.他们当中有些人愿意帮忙。I have fewer problems now than before.我现在的问题比以前少了。【易混辨析】 a few、few、a little与little区别：a few “一些；少许” 后接可数名词复数，表肯定few “几乎没有”后接可数名词复数，表否定a little“一些；少许”后接不可数名词，表肯定little “几乎没有”后接不可数名词，表否定Eg: There are a few apples in fridge, you can eat

15、 one.冰箱里有一点苹果，你可以吃一个。There are few apples in fridge, we should get some.冰箱里要没有苹果了，我们应该去买一些。There is a little milk in fridge, you can drink some.冰箱里有点牛奶，你可以喝一些。There is little milk in fridge, we should buy some.冰箱里没有牛奶了，我们应该去买点。13.Present (名词) 礼物、赠品【用法讲解】 present为不可数名词时，译为“现在”，常与定冠词the连用；present作可数名词

16、时，译为“礼物”，其复数形式为presents；present还可为形容词，译为“出席的、目前的”；present还可作动词，译为“赠送、出现、介绍、提交”等。Eg: We live in the present, not in the past.我们活在当下，而不是过去。I bought him a present for his birthday.我为他生日买了礼物。There were 100 people present at the meeting.有100人出席会议。The present situation is very serious.目前的情况非常严重。He present

17、ed her with a bouquet of flowers.他送给他伊苏鲜花。Please present yourself at the reception desk.请到接待处报到。Let me present you to the president.让我向你介绍一下总统。He will present his final report to the committee.他将向委员会提交他最后的报告。【常见搭配】 at present目前For the present 暂时Present sb.with sth.赠送某人某物Eg: At present, we are focusi

18、ng on this project.目前，我们正在专注于这个项目。We will use this method for the present.我们将暂时使用这种方法。He presented her with a beautiful vase.他送给她一个漂亮的花瓶。【易混辨析】 present与gift区别present一般指价值较低、小辈或同辈所赠送的礼物，也可表达具体的、有形的礼物；Gift一般指价值较贵，往往强调送礼人的诚意，也可表示抽象的事物、如能力、天赋等。此外gift可以为定语名词，用来修饰另一个名词，如gift shop（礼品店），而present不可以。Eg: The

19、book is a present from my father.这本书是爸爸送的礼物。She gets her gift for languages from her mother.她从妈妈那里继承了语言天赋。14.Proud (形容词) 自豪的、得意的【派生词】 pride为名词，译为“自豪、骄傲”。【常见搭配】 be proud of .= take pride in .以.为傲Be proud to do sth.= be proud that 从句 以做某事而感到骄傲Pride and joy 某人特别引以为傲的东西或人Eg: She is proud of her daughter

20、.= She takes pride in her daughter.她以女儿为傲。Shes proud to have achieved her goals.她为实现自己的目标感到自豪。Her children are her pride and joy.她的孩子是她引以为傲的宝贝。15.Likely (形容词) 可能的、可能发生的、可能属实的【用法讲解】 likely还可为副词，译为“很可能、或许”。Eg: The project seemed likely to succeeded.这个项目可能会成功。It is likely that investors will face losse

21、s.投资者可能面临损失。【常见搭配】 be likely to do sth.可能做某事As likely as not 很可能Eg: Tickets are likely to be expensive.入场券可能很贵。As likely as not shes forgotten all about it.她很可能把这件事忘得一干二净了。【派生词】 unlikely为形容词，译为“不可能的”【易混辨析】 likely、possible与probable区别Likely强调从便面迹象来判断；possible表示客观上潜在的可能；probable则指经过权衡正反两方面的理由后相信某事是真实的。

22、16.Local (形容词) 地方性的、当（本）地的【用法讲解】 local还可为名词，译为“当地人”，其复数形式为locals。Eg: We had dinner at a local restaurant.我们在当地一家饭馆吃了饭。【常见搭配】 local people = the locals 当地人The restaurant is popular with the locals.这家房管很受当地人的欢迎。17.Designer (名词) （服装、家具、设备等的）设计师、设计者【用法讲解】 designer为可数名词，其复数形式为designers。Eg: She is a famou

23、s fashion designer.她是一个著名的时装设计师。【派生词】 design为动词，译为“设计”，也可为名词，译为“设计”。【常见搭配】 be designed for .为.设计Be designed to do .被设计来做.Designer clothes 名牌服装Eg: The house is designed for the elderly.这所房子是专为老年人设计的。The robot is designed to clean the floor.这个机器人被设计来扫地。She wears designer clothes.她穿名牌服装。18.Guide (名词) 指

24、南、指南手册【用法讲解】 guide还可译为“导游”，为可数名词，其复数形式为guides；guide还可作动词，译为“带领、引导、指导”。Eg: This travel guide is very useful.这本旅游指南非常游泳。Let me introduce you to your guide.让我来给你介绍一下你的导游吧。He guided his team to six championship wins during the 1990s.在90年代，他带领他的球队获得六次冠军。【常见搭配】 guide sb.(to/ through sth.) 引导某人（到/通过）某物Guid

25、e sb.(in doing sth.)引导某人（做某事）Eg: The tour guide guided us through the ancient ruins.导游引领我们穿越古代遗迹。The mentor guided her in achieving her goals.导师指导她实现她的目标。19.Describe (动词) 描述、描写【用法讲解】 describe后面可以接名词作宾语，也可接wh-从句或动名词。Eg: Words cant describe her beauty.言语无法形容她的美丽。Its difficult to describe how I feel.很难

26、描述我的感受。【常见搭配】 describe .as.把.描述成.Describe .to/ for.向.描述.Describe doing sth.描述做某事Eg: He describes himself as an artist.他自称是艺术家。Can you describe your son to me? 你能向我描述一下你儿子吗？These verbs describe holding things tightly.这些动词描述紧握某物。【派生词】 description为名词，译为“描述”；descriptive为形容词，译为“详尽的”。Eg: The description o

27、f the event was vivid .这件事的描述是生动的。The authors writing style is highly descriptive.这个作者的写作风格非常详细。20.Landscape (名词) （陆上的）风景、景致、景色【用法讲解】 landscape为可数名词，其复数形式为landscapes。Eg: She preferred a good landscape to a portrait.较之人像画她更喜欢美丽的风景画。That is an oil painting of a landscape in spring.那是一幅描绘春天景色的油画。21.Com

28、mon (形容词) 常见的、普通的【用法讲解】 common作形容词，也可译为“共有的、粗俗的”；common也可为名词，译为“公共用地”。Eg: Its common to make a roast dinner on a Sunday here.周日做烤肉晚餐在这里很常见。John is a common name in the UK.约翰在英国是一个常见的名字。My friends and I have a lot of common interests.我和我的朋友们有很多共同的兴趣。The behavior of some people is common.某些人的行为很粗俗。We

29、spent the afternoon walking the dog on the common.我们下午在公共草地上遛狗。【常见搭配】 in common 共同的、共有Common sense 常识Eg: We have a lot in common.我们有很多共同点。Its common sense to wear a helmet when riding a bike.骑自行车时戴头盔是常识。B部分1.Mount (名词) （书面缩写为Mt）（用作山名的一部分）.山、.峰【用法讲解】 mount还可作动词，译为“组织、增加、骑上、镶嵌、担任”。Eg: The highest peak

30、 in the range is Mount Everest.这个山脉中最高的山峰是珠穆朗玛峰。He mounted a campaign to raise funds for the charity.他组织了一场为慈善机构筹款的运动。The costs continue to mount.成本继续增加。He mounted his horse and rode off into the sunset.他骑上马，消失在夕阳中。The picture was mounted on the wall.这幅画被挂在墙上。The guards mounted the sentry box.卫兵守在岗哨

31、上。2.Tide (名词) 海潮、潮汐【用法讲解】 tide为可数名词，其复数形式为tides。Eg: The attraction of the moon for the earth causes the tide.地球对月亮的吸引导致潮汐。【常见搭配】 catch the tide 抓住时机Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不饶人。Eg: We need to catch the tide and invest in this new technology.我们需要抓住实际投入进这项新技术。3.Exhibition (名词) 展览（会）【用法讲解】 exhib

32、ition为可数名词，其复数形式为exhibitions。Eg: You will hold an exhibition.你将举办一个展览会。【常见搭配】 on exhibition 在展览中Eg: What kind of art is on exhibition? 正在展出什么类型的艺术品？4.Tour (名词) 参观、游览【用法讲解】 tour作名词还可译为“巡回演出、行程”；tour还可为动词，译为“游览、参观”。Eg: Were planning a tour of Europe next summer.我们正计划明年夏天去欧洲旅行。The band is on tour in As

33、ia.乐队正在亚洲巡回演出。We took a guided tour of the museum.我们参加了博物馆的导游行程。They toured Europe last summer.他们去年夏天在欧洲旅行。【常见搭配】 go on a tour去旅行Tour guide 导游Eg: Im going on a tour of France next month.我下个月要去法国旅行。Our tour guide was very knowledgeable and friendly.我们的导游知识渊博并且友好。【派生词】 tourist为名词，译为“游客”，其同义词为visitor。E

34、g: Many tourists visited the city last year.去年许多游客访问了这座城市。5.Lungfish (名词) 肺鱼【用法讲解】 lungfish为可数名词，其复数形式为lungfishes。Eg: Four different species of lungfish are found in Africa.在非洲发现了四种不同的肺鱼。6.Lung (名词) 肺【用法讲解】 lung为可数名词，其复数形式为lungs。Eg: Our lungs need fresh air to function properly.我们的肺需要新鲜空气才能正常运作。7.Sc

35、ientist (名词) 科学家【用法讲解】 scientist为可数名词，其复数形式为scientists。Eg: Scientists have collected more data than expected.科学家们已经收集了比预期更多的数据。【派生词】 science为名词，译为“科学”；Scientific为形容词，译为“科学的”。Eg: Science is my favourite subject.科学是我最喜欢的学科。Its not a scientific way to test their opinions.用这个方法来测试他们的意见不科学。8.Behaviour (名

36、词) 行为、举止【用法讲解】 behaviour为不可数名词。Eg: This kind of behaviour gives students a good example.这种行为给学生树立了好的榜样。【派生词】 behave为动词，译为“表现、运转”。Eg: He behaved well in the exam.他再考试中表现得很好。The machine behaves well.这台机器运行得很顺畅。9.Land (名词) 陆地【用法讲解】 land译为“陆地”时为不可数名词，land作名词还可译为“ 国家领土”此时为可数名词，其复数形式为lands；land还可作为动词，译为“降

37、落、到达”。Eg: The plane crashed into the land.飞机坠毁再陆地上。They dreamed of travelling to foreign lands.他们梦想去外国旅行。The plane landed safely.飞机安全着陆了。We made the journey by land.我们走了陆路到达目的地。10.Aloud (副词) 出声地【易混辨析】 aloud、loudly和loud区别Aloud表示“大声地、出声地”，通常与动词read、speak、cry、laugh等连用，强调声音可以被听见。loudly为副词，强调声音的强度，可以与各种表

38、示声响的动词连用，位于这些词之后。loud为形容词或副词，表示“响亮的、大声的”；作形容词时，描述声音的音量大，作副词时，常位于动词之后。Eg: We often read the text aloud in the morning.我们早上经常大声朗读课文。Dont talk so loudly.别这么大声说话。He has a loud voice.他嗓门大。11.Salty (形容词) 咸的、含盐的【用法讲解】 在英语中，salty也可用来形容人的情绪状态，表示某人因某事而烦躁或生气。Eg: I like salty snacks.我喜欢咸味的零食。The soup is too sal

39、ty.这个汤太咸了。He was very salty after the game.比赛后他非常沮丧。【派生词】 salt为不可数名词，译为“盐”。Eg: He added salt to the soup.他在汤里加了盐。12.Lie (动词) 躺、平卧【用法讲解】 lie作动词译为“平躺”等时，其过去式为lay，过去分词为lain；lie作动词，还可译为“说谎”，此时过去式为lied，过去分词为lied；lie还可作名词，译为“谎言”。Eg: The cat is lying on the floor.猫躺在地板上。He lied about his grades.他撒谎了关于他的成绩。

40、He told a lie to cover up his mistake.他撒谎来掩盖他的错误。【常见搭配】 tell a lie 说谎Lie down 躺下Lie in bed 躺在床上The lie of the land 形势、局势Eg: You shouldnt tell a lie.你不应该说谎。Lets lie down for a rest.咱们躺下休息一会儿。He was lying in bed, sound asleep.他正躺在床上，睡得很香。Before making a decision, we need to know the lie of the land.在做

41、决定之前，我们需要了解局势。13.Surface (名词) 表面、面【用法讲解】 surface为可数名词，其复数形式为surfaces；surface还可为动词，译为“浮出水面、出现”等。Eg: The surface of the water rippled in the breeze.水面在微风中泛起涟漪。He surfaced after swimming underwater for several minutes.他在水下游了几分钟后浮出了水面。After a long search, the missing jewelry finally surfaced.经过长时间的搜寻，丢失

42、的珠宝终于出现。【常见搭配】 on the surface表面上，从外表看Eg: The problem seems simple on the surface, but its much more complex.这个问题表面上看很简单，但实际很复杂。14.Level (名词) 水平高度、相对高度【用法讲解】 level作名词，还可译为“水平面、等级”；level还可为形容词，译为“平坦的、同一高度的、平稳的”；level还可为动词，译为“瞄准”。Eg: The floor is level with the ground.地板和地面在同一水平面上。The sea level is risi

43、ng.海平面正在上升。He studies French to degree level.他在法语学习上达到了学位水平。The ground is level.地面很平坦。His voice was level and steady.他的声音平稳而坚定。The player leveled the ball.球员将球瞄准。15.Less (限定词) 不那么多、更（较）少【用法讲解】 less是little的比较级形式，在句中常常用来修饰不可数名词；less也可作副词，表示“较少地、程度较低地”。Eg: He spends less time on work than on play.他在工作上

44、花的时间比玩上花的时间更少。I hope the next train will be less crowded than this one.我希望下趟火车不会像这趟这么挤。He was less surprised as he had had this sort of experience.因为他有过这样的经验，所以他并不感到怎么惊奇。【派生词】 least为little的最高级形式，译为“最少的”。Eg: He has the least amount of money.他拥有最少的金额。【常见搭配】 less and less 越来越少At least 至少Eg: As time wen

45、t by we saw less and less of each other.随着时间的推移，我们见面越来越少。You should study for at least two hours every day.你每天应该至少学习两个小时。16.Suggest (动词) 暗示、暗指【用法讲解】 suggest后面可接名词、代词、动名词或that从句。Eg: He suggested a new plan.他提出了一个新计划。【常见搭配】 suggest doing sth.建议做某事Suggest that从句 建议做某事（从句谓语动词必须用原形）Eg: She suggested goin

46、g shopping this afternoon.她建议今天下午去购物。He suggested that we (should) start early.他建议我们应该早点出发。【派生词】 suggestion为可数名词，译为“建议”。【常见搭配】 make a suggestion 提出建议Eg: He made a suggestion to visit the museum next week.他建议下周去参观博物馆。【知识拓展】 advise为动词，译为“建议”，其后常接to do形式；advice为不可数名词，译为“建议”。【常见搭配】 advise sb.to do sth.建

47、议某人做某事A piece of advice 一条建议 Eg: Please give me some advice.请给我一些建议。She advised me to go there by bus.她建议我坐公交车去那。17.Such as 像、诸如、例如【用法讲解】 such as后面可接名词、代词或动名词。Eg: I like sports very much, such as running, swimming, playing football and so on.我非常喜欢运动，例如，跑步、游泳、踢足球等等。【易混辨析】 for example与such as区别：For ex

48、ample“例如”一般用于列举一类人或事中的一个例子Such as “例如”一般列举同一类人/事中的几个例子，但必须少于前面所提总数，只能在所列举词前Eg: I know several languages, such as English and Chinese.我知道几种语言，例如英语和汉语。I like fruit, for example, I often eat bananas in the evening.我喜欢水果，例如，我经常晚上吃香蕉。18.Snake (名词) 蛇【用法讲解】 snake为可数名词，其复数形式为snakes。Eg: We saw a snake in the

49、 garden yesterday.我们昨天在花园里看到了一条蛇。19.Wood (名词) 木头、木材、木料【用法讲解】 wood为不可数名词时，可指代木材或木头；wood为可数名词时，可指树林或林地；wood也可为动词，译为“收集木材”。Eg: Wood is a natural material.木材是一种天然材料。There is a large wood behind the house.房子后面有一片树林。They were wooded the area to build a house.他们砍伐这片区域来建房子。【常见搭配】 knock on wood 希望好运仍在Eg: I g

50、ot it all taken care of, knock on wood.我把它各个方面都照顾到了，但愿好运仍在。【派生词】 wooden为形容词，译为“木制的”Eg: This is a wooden table.这是一张木制的桌子。20.Disappear (动词) 消失、不见Eg: My wallet has disappeared from the table.我放在桌子上的钱包不见了。【常见搭配】 disappear from.从某地消失Disappear into.消失在某地/某个状态中Eg: The child disappeared from his home some t

51、ime after four.这孩子四点多的时候离开家不见了。He disappeared into the dark.他消失在黑暗中。【派生词】 appear为动词，译为“出现”。Eg: He appeared here at four last night.他昨晚四点出现在这。21.Glacier (名词) 冰川【用法讲解】 glacier为可数名词，其复数形式为glaciers。Eg: He showed me a drawing of the glacier.他给我看一张冰川图。22.National (形容词) 国家的、全国性的【用法讲解】 national还可为名词，译为“国民、公

52、民”。Eg: The area has been declared a national park.该地区已宣布为国家公园。The national is proud of their achievements.国民为他们的成就感到骄傲。【常见搭配】 National Day 国庆节National flag 国旗Eg: National Day is on October 1st in China.中国的国庆节在十月一日。There are lots of national flags here and there during National Day.国庆节期间到处都是国旗。【派生词】 international为形容词，译为“国际的”。Eg: Therefore, my company is an international one.因此，我的公司是国际的。9