2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 Unit 3 Fit for life Section A Welcome to the Unit & Reading课后巩固提升（含解析）牛津译林版选择性必修第二册.docx

1、Unit 3Fit for lifeSection AWelcome to the unit & Reading必备知识基础练.单句填空1.Thank you contributing generously to the scholarship fund.2.People often share their political views their parents.3. you can imagine,the trip is no piece of cake.4.The Internet has made possible for us to have long-distance meeti

2、ngs.5.It is said that cancer is tied an individuals genetic make-up.6.Early (identify) of a disease can prevent death and illness.7.Generally those who exercise regularly have high (resist) to diseases.短语填空specialize in,depend on,relate to,a wide range of,lead to,serve as,figure out,out of control,t

3、o ones advantage1.I think shes making use of this situation .2.A truck went and crashed into the back of a bus.3.People have many ways to solve this problem.4.Social and political problems the outbreak of war.5. a teacher is my dream since I was a child.6.Good teachers must know how to students.7.Th

4、ere are career opportunities open to young people.8.He chemistry and has made a number of new discoveries.9.The price of wine varies enormously where it comes from.完成句子1.家长在孩子的成长过程中发挥着关键的作用。Parents the growth of their children.2.那家工厂的关闭很可能使1 000人失业。The closure of the factory cost 1,000 jobs.3.评价是提高教

5、育质量的有效手段。Evaluation is promoting education quality.4.机动车辆禁止在市中心行驶。Motor vehicles in the town centre.5.这是一个新课题,需要深入探讨。This is a new subject,which in depth.关键能力提升练.阅读理解A主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文Among all the fast growing science and technology,the research of human genes,or biological engineering as people ca

6、ll it,is drawing more and more attention now.Sometimes it is a hot topic talked about by people.The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with,such as cancer and heart disease.Every year,millions of people are murdered by

7、 these two killers.And to date,doctors have not found an effective way to cure them.But if the gene technology is applied,not only can these two diseases be cured completely,bringing happiness and more living days to the patients,but also the great amount of money people spend in curing their diseas

8、es can be saved,therefore it benefits the economy as well.In addition,human lifespan can be longer.Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children.Some families,with the English imperial family being a good example,have hereditary(遗传的) diseases.This means their chil

9、dren will for sure have the family disease,which is a great trouble for these families.In the past,doctors could do nothing with hereditary diseases.But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly.The scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it,and a healthy child will be born.So

10、me people are worrying that the gene research can be used to make human beings in large quantities.In the past few years,scientists have succeeded in cloning babies but they will not come out in large quantities,for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way.Of course,the governmen

11、ts must take care to control gene technology.1.What does the phrase “these two killers” in the second paragraph refer to?A.Cancer and heart disease.B.Hereditary diseases and cancer.C.The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.D.Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.2.In what wa

12、y can gene technology help to treat hereditary diseases?A.Human babies can also be cloned.B.Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease.C.People with hereditary diseases live longer.D.Scientists find the wrong gene and correct it.3.What is the main purpose of writing the text?A.To explain that gene te

13、chnology will do great harm to human race.B.To tell readers that gene technology will benefit people.C.To advise the governments to take care to control gene technology.D.To inform people that gene technology helps clone babies in large quantities.B主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文DNA analysis has revealed family r

14、elationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.The evidence suggests that megaliths,prehistoric large stone structures,sometimes acted as graves for family groups in northwestern Europe thousands of years ago.The latest findings thro

15、w new light on the origins and social structure of the groups that built megaliths in this regiona history that has long been hidden in mystery.For their study,the international team of researchers analyzed the genomesthe complete set of genetic material in a cellof 24 Stone Age individuals from fiv

16、e megalithic burial sites in Ireland,Scotland and Gotland,a large Swedish island in the Baltic Sea.This analysis showed that many of the individuals buried at each megalith,who all lived between 3,800 B.C.and 2,600 B.C.,according to radiocarbon-dating of their remains,were closely related via family

17、 ties.The results also showed that the individuals buried at the megaliths were related to Neolithic farmers in northern and western Europe but genetically distinct from other hunter-gatherers.This was particularly noticeable at the Ansarve site on the island of Gotland.“The people buried in the Ans

18、arve tomb are remarkably different on a genetic level compared to the individuals dug out from hunter-gather contexts,showing that the burial tradition in this megalithic tomb,which lasted for over 700 years,was performed by distinct groups with roots in the European Neolithic expansion,” Magdalena

19、Fraser,co-first author from Uppsala University,said in the statement.4.Whats the significance of the new findings?A.It reveals the family ties between people in Ireland and Sweden.B.It implies that many people buried in the tombs were closely related.C.It indicates the long-hidden mystery concerning

20、 DNA analysis.D.It suggests that the megaliths became tombs thousands of years ago.5.How did the researchers reach their findings?A.By analyzing genes.B.By studying the burial sites.C.By interviewing individuals.D.By travelling to different regions.6.What can be learned about the latest findings?A.S

21、ome people buried in the tombs were related to farmers.B.Few people buried in the tombs were genetically different.C.All the people buried at megaliths had family relationships.D.People buried in the Ansarve tomb were dug out 700 years later.7.Which of the following would be the best title for the t

22、ext?A.Megaliths Served as Tombs Thousands of Years AgoB.People Buried at the Megaliths Were Recently AnalyzedC.Latest Findings Shed Light on a Mystery about BurialsD.Stone Age People in Ireland and Sweden Had Close Ties.七选五主题语境:人与自然语篇类型:说明文My backyard used to be a junkyard,a tragic mix of rubble,tir

23、es,pipes,chew toys and glass shards.1 How can we avoid all this dirt and sunlight and water going to waste?Below are several tips to get started.Create a vision based on your space.Think about the space youre cultivating.Is it a yard?A rooftop?A windowsill?A fire escape?How much sunlight does it get

24、?Before you make your garden plans,take a look at models like yours.Dont Google “Hawaii dream garden” if youre in Minnesota.Also,talk to neighbours about what grows well in your hardiness zone.2Make sure youre working with healthy soil.Healthy soil is full of billions of bacteria,fungi and other mic

25、robes.What exactly a plant wants can vary.Carrots and beets want sandier soil,so their roots can more easily penetrate.3 Soil structure is how the particles are grouped together.The ideal structure is granular (颗粒的) or it easily breaks into very small pieces.You can get ideal structure by buying you

26、r garden soil in bags at the hardware store or by composting (堆肥) at home.4You can start a garden in pots or containers,or you can build beds.The decision depends on your preferences,space,what youre growing and your budget.Just about anything can be a container for your plant.5 So long as you drill

27、 holes in the bottom and dont let any paint touch the soil.Remember to stay away from anything that has had a toxic use (such as oil drums) and avoid plastics,which can leach chemicals into the soil as they break down from ultraviolet light.Now it would be a great time to build yourself a garden.A.A

28、nalyze the structure of chemicals.B.It felt completely hopeless.C.Make containers or raised beds.D.Tomatoes want more clay for water holding.E.You can figure out what plants grow in your zone.F.Once you create the conditions for life to grow,it grows.G.For example,wooden wine boxes,milk crates,old p

29、ots or dresser drawers.参考答案Section AWelcome to the unit & Reading.1.for2.with3.As4.it5.to6.identification7.resistance.1.to her advantage2.out of control3.figured out4.led to5.Serving as6.relate to7.a wide range of8.specializes in9.depending on.1.play a critical role in2.is likely to3.an effective me

30、ans of4.are prohibited from driving5.needs to be explored.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基因技术给人类带来的好处。1.A推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中出现的“such as cancer and heart disease”可推断,此处的“两大杀手”指的就是癌症和心脏病。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it,and a healthy child will be born.”可知,有了基因技术,科学

31、家们能够找到错误的基因并加以纠正。3.B主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要告诉读者,基因技术在很大程度上有益于人类。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员通过分析来自五个巨石墓葬遗址的基因组发现,石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人可能存在亲属关系。4.B细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知DNA分析揭示了爱尔兰和瑞典巨石墓群10多代人之间存在家庭关系,这意味着埋葬在坟墓里的许多人是近亲。5.A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“For their study,the international team of researchers analyzed the genomes.”可知,研究人员是通过分析基因组得

32、到这项发现的。6.A细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The results also showed that the individuals buried at the megaliths were related to Neolithic farmers in northern and western Europe.”可知,埋葬在巨石阵中的人与北欧和西欧的新石器时代农民有关。7.D主旨大意题。根据第一段以及接下来的内容可知,文章主要围绕着石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人有密切联系这一点展开。因此,D项最具概括性。.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。如何把一个垃圾场打造成一个美丽的花园呢?文章给出了五个建议。1.B根据前面一句的描述可知,B项对上述内容进行了总体评论,并引出下面的内容,即如何解决问题。2.E根据前面句子的内容可知,通过跟邻居交谈,你可以弄清楚你所在区域种植什么植物比较适合。3.D根据上文的句子可知,不同的植物需要的土壤是不一样的,此处D项与上文构成并列关系,都表示举例说明。4.C分析文章结构可知,此处需要选择一个祈使句作为小标题;根据该段内容可知,只有C项符合要求。5.G根据上下文内容可知,此处举例说明很多东西可以充当种植的容器,比如木制酒盒、牛奶箱、旧罐子或梳妆台抽屉等。