2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 Unit 3 The world of science（三）Developing ideas .doc

1、Unit 3 The world of science课时作业(三)Developing ideas & Presenting ideas必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层.单词拼写1Ill _ (起草) an agreement according to todays talks.2In 1776 the colonies signed a _ (声明) of independence.3The researchers designed an _ (实验) to test students belief in willpower.4It is well known that copper _ (传

2、导) electricity well.5To be honest, I am not _ (完全地) in favor of the idea of the “shared makeup room”6You should follow the normal _(程序) or you will go wrong.7_ (金属) products and paper products require a lot of energy to produce, so you should find ways to use these again without throwing them away.8

3、We _ (贴)labels to things before we file them away.9In normal condition, there is a _ (闪光) of lightning followed by thunderstorms.10He gave a detailed _ (记述) of what had happened that night.用方框内短语的适当形式填空take place, apart from, be attached to, on no account, for instance, contribute to1_ should the ho

4、use be left unlocked.2. There is no doubt that the theater has _ the areas economic development.3_ a small team of paid staff, the organization is made up of unpaid volunteers. 4. There is a middle school which _ the institute.5Great men have often risen from poverty，_， Lincoln and Edison.6The plotl

5、ines (主要情节) of cartoons are simple and they often _ at home or school.单句语法填空1He came up _ the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland.2It is said that body language accounts _ 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.3Following is _ account of

6、 how the Long March came about and ended in victory.4If you hadnt spent such a long time getting dressed, we _ (be) there by now.5In the experiment the string is designed _(conduct) electricity when it is wet.6The couple were walking in the woods when suddenly a branch hit the wife on _ head.7Tom th

7、inks the Olympics would help make _ possible for people of all countries to live in peace.8If it _(rain) tomorrow, we would have to put off the picnic.完成句子1我和他都不能够了解她。Neither he nor I _。2格林先生和他的妻子及孩子已经来到中国。Mr Green, together with his wife and children，_.3假如你听了我的建议，你就不会在考试中不及格了。If you _， you would no

8、t have failed in the exams.4如果明天下雨，运动会就推迟。If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting _.5他是法国人，所以他既不能说也不能写汉语。Hes French so he can _ Chinese.课文语法填空Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Apart 1._ being a successful statesman, he was also a 2._ (create) scientist a

9、nd inventor.Benjamin Franklin 3._ (fly) a kite during a storm in 1752. He raised the kite with a piece of string 4._ (tie) to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key and

10、got 5._ electric shock.Generations of schoolchildren have been amazed by his 6._ (brave) and his scientific approach to 7._(look) for the truth. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of a fact. More than one scientist has questioned 8._ really happened. They all agree

11、that if Franklin had 9._ (actual) touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.In science, facts should 10._ (prove)by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or heareven if it is a great story.关键能力提升练进阶训练第二层.阅读AComputers have become so

12、smart during the past 20 years that people dont think twice about chatting with digital assistants like Alexa and Siri. But that required hard work from computer scientists like Yoshua Bengio, Geoffrey Hinton, and Yann LeCun. They made use of their own brainpower to make it possible for machines to

13、learn like humans, a breakthrough now commonly known as “artificial intelligence”， or AI.Their insights and persistence were rewarded with the Turing Award, an honor that has become known as the “Nobel Prize of computing”. The award marks the latest recognition of the important role that artificial

14、intelligence will likely play in redefining (重新定义)the relationship between humanity and technology in the decades ahead.Over the past 30 years, Mr. Bengio, Mr. Hinton and Mr. LeCun have mostly worked separately on technology known as neural (神经的) networks. These are electronic engines that power tas

15、ks such as facial and speech recognition, and areas where computers have made huge improvement over the past decade. Such neural networks are also a key part of robotic systems that are automating a wide range of other human activities, including driving.While the AI revolution is raising a hope tha

16、t computers will make most peoples lives more convenient and enjoyable, its also arousing a fear that humanity eventually will be living at the mercy of machines. Mr. Bengio, Mr. Hinton and Mr. LeCun are also concerned that AI technology might be developed into weapon systems that wipe out humanity.

17、But they are far more optimistic about the other prospects of AIempowering computers to send more accurate warnings about floods and earthquakes, or detecting health risks, such as cancer and heart attacks, far earlier than human doctors.1Why does the author mention Alexa and Siri in the first parag

18、raph?ATo introduce the topic of AI.BTo stress the significance of computers.CTo distinguish between types of AI.DTo encourage the use of digital assistants.2What role do neural networks play in AI?AThey make electronic engines work.BThey match up peoples faces with voices.CThey contribute to robotic

19、 automation.DThey enable humans to learn like machines.3Why are people concerned about AI?AIt is a total waste of money.BIt is likely to bring disasters to human beings.CIt is a real risk to public health.DIt is ineffective in forecasting natural disasters.BThe possibility of selfdriving robot cars

20、has often seemed like a futurists dream, years away from coming into reality in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly selfdriving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way f

21、or companies to sell or rent out selfdriving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isnt leading the way here. Companies have been testing their cars in cities across the country. Its hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our

22、 roads. But however long it takes, the technology may change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is managed.While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers should be talking more about

23、 how selfdriving cars can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions (排放) and offer more convenient and affordable choices to move around. The arrival of driverless cars is a chance to make sure that those cars are environmentally friendly and more shared. Do we want to copy or even worsen the traffic

24、of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own their selfdriving cars. They accept long, slow journeys to and from work on crowded highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride. They take their driverless car to a date and set the empty car to circl

25、e the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the selfdriving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transportan unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ridehailing (网约车) services

26、. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless cars doesnt worsen the transportation system we have today. The coming technological development presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and mo

27、re affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.4What can we learn from the first paragraph? ASelfdriving cars are not allowed in the real world. BDriverless taxis will be seen everywhere on the road in a short term.CCalifornia is not alone in testing driverless cars.DSel

28、fdriving technology will definitely benefit transportation system.5According to the author, policymakers should pay more attention to _.Ahow driverless cars can help deal with transportationrelated problemsBhow driverless cars can travel safelyChow driverless cars can travel fasterDhow driverless ca

29、rs can move more people6What is a possible side effect of selfdriving cars? AJourneys to and from work become longer. BMore and more people abandon public transportation. CThere is no place to park them. DThey may result in traffic jams.7What can be a suitable title for the text?APreparing Cities fo

30、r Robot CarsBFuture Technology UnderwayCTransportation System in the FutureDRobot Cars on the Road.七选五Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes f

31、or thousands of years. _1_ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. _2_ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “M

32、eet me”_3_ You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the

33、message of a real code, you must have a code book. _4_ For example, “bridge”might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me”The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me”. _5_ However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.AIt is very h

34、ard to break a code without the code book.BIn any language, some letters are used more than others.COnly people who know the keyword can read the message.DAs long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F

35、With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.GAnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.语法填空Chinese kung fu is a 1._ (tradition) Chinese culture. It is probably one of the 2._(early) sports that use both strength and

36、 brain. The theory of kung fu is based 3._ classical Chinese philosophy. Over its long history it has developed as a unique combination of exercise, practical selfdefense, selfdiscipline, and art. It can date back to ancient times 4._ people used sticks to fight against wild animals and they gradual

37、ly 5._ (gain) experience in selfdefense.Chinese kung fu is a large system of theory and practice, 6._ (combine) techniques of selfdefense and healthkeeping. In sports like track and field and boxing, an athlete 7._ (usual) has to retire from full participation(参与) in his 30s. That is because injurie

38、s suffered during years of active sport participation at a young age affect our ability 8._ (continue) exercising in later life. In Chinese kung fu, however, a difference 9._ (make) between “external” and “internal” kung fu. Its said that in external kung fu, you exercise your muscles, bones and ski

39、n 10._ in internal kung fu, you train your spirit, qi and mind. So the external body weakens later in life, but on the contrary, internal kung fu continues.课时作业(三)Developing ideas & Presenting ideas必备知识基础练.单词拼写1draft2.declaration3.experiment4.conducts5.entirely6procedure7.Metal8.attach9.flash10.acco

40、unt.用方框内短语的适当形式填空1On no account2.contributed to3.Apart from4.is attached to5for instance 6.take place.单句语法填空1with2.for3.an4.would/should/could/might be5.to conduct6.the7.it8.rained.完成句子1. am able to understand her2.has come to China3.had followed my advice4.would be put off5.neither speak nor write.

41、课文语法填空1答案与解析：from考查介词。句意：除了是一位成功的政治家，他还是一个有创造性的科学家和发明家。apart from“除了外”。2答案与解析：creative考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词作定语。creative“有创造力的”。3答案与解析：flew考查动词的时态。根据in 1752可知，此处应用一般过去时。4答案与解析：tied考查with的复合结构。string与tie是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。5答案与解析：an考查冠词。electric shock“电击”，是可数名词，且electric以元音音素开头故填an。6答案与解析：bravery考查名词。形容词性物主代词h

42、is后跟名词形式。bravery意为“勇敢”。7答案与解析：looking考查非谓语动词。approach后的to为介词，所以答案为looking。8答案与解析：what考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子成分可知“8._ really happened”为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故答案为what。9答案与解析：actually考查副词。修饰动词用副词。10答案与解析：be proved考查被动语态。句意：在科学领域，事实应该用实验和研究来证明。根据句意可知此处应用被动语态。关键能力提升练.阅读A【语篇解读】这是一篇科技类说明文。文章讲述了人工智能的成功开发、给人们带来的便利以及人们的顾虑。1答案与

43、解析：A考查推理判断。根据第一段第一句话中的“chatting with digital assistants like Alexa and Siri”可知，Alexa和Siri为数字聊天助手。后面介绍了人工智能的概念，即使机器像人类一样学习。由此可知，作者在文章第一段提到Alexa和Siri是为了引入人工智能的话题。2答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句话“Such neural networks are also a key part of robotic systems that are automating a wide range of other human activi

44、ties, including driving.”可知，神经网络是机器人系统的重要部分，使一系列的人类活动实现自动化，即神经网络有助于机器人自动化。3答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“its also arousing a fear that humanity eventually will be living at the mercy of machines.”可知，人们对人工智能心存顾虑是因为担心人类最终会受机器的摆布，即担心机器可能会给人们带来灾难。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章讲述了加利福尼亚州正在进行无人驾驶汽车的测试，而且美国很多城市都进行了类似的测试。文章

45、分析了无人驾驶汽车给交通带来的诸多好处，建议现代城市都要做好准备迎接这一新技术。4答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第一段中“California, it should be noted，isnt leading the way here. Companies have been testing their cars in cities across the country.”可知，加利福尼亚在测试无人驾驶方面并不占先机，美国很多地方都已经测试了这类新型的交通工具。故选C。5答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知A项正确。6答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据文章倒数第五句“The conveni

46、ence even leads fewer people to take public transportan unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ridehailing services.”可知无人驾驶汽车的便利让人们都不再乘坐公共交通工具了。故选B。7答案与解析：A主旨大意题。根据文章可知加利福尼亚州正在进行无人驾驶汽车的测试，而且美国很多城市都进行了类似的测试，分析了无人驾驶汽车给交通带来的诸多好处，建议现代城市要做好准备迎接这一新技术。故选A。.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了密码的用途、历史以及

47、三种密码方式。1答案与解析：D过渡句。上句提到：人们使用密码已经几千年了。下句提到：密码的破解从未太落后于密码的设定。由此可知D项符合语境，意为“只要有密码，人们就会尽力去破解它们。”2答案与解析：E过渡句。上句提到：有三种主要的密码设定方式。下句提到：例如，“My elephant eats too many eels”的首字母就拼出了“Meet me”这一隐藏起来的信息。由此可知本句应该为一种密码的设定方式，根据下句举到的例子，可知E项正确，意为“你可以用每个单词的首字母拼写出一条信息，以此来隐藏它。”3答案与解析：G主旨句。上段指出有三种主要的密码设定方式，上段已经提到了一种，本段应该指

48、出另外一种。下文举例说明了用数字来代替字母的密码方式，由此可知G项能起到统领本段的作用，意为“另外一种隐藏信息的方式就是用符号来代替字母表中特定的字母。”4答案与解析：F细节句。上句指出：要解读某个真实密码的信息，你必须要有密码本。本句是对上句的解释说明，结合下文举到的例子，可推断出本句主要解释如何利用密码本来破解隐藏起来的信息。F项符合语境，意为“拥有了密码本，你也许就能写出代表其他单词的单词。”5答案与解析：A细节句。上文指出了利用密码本来破解密码的方式。A项是总结上文内容得出的结论，意为“没有密码本就很难破解密码”，而且根据下句“.it is also hard to.”的句型结构也可得

49、知A项符合语境。.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国功夫。中国功夫是一种传统的中国文化。它可能是最早的同时使用力量和脑力的运动之一。1答案与解析：traditional考查形容词。句意：中国功夫是一种传统的中国文化。此处应用形容词修饰名词，故答案为traditional。2答案与解析：earliest考查形容词最高级。根据空前的the可知，此处指中国功夫可能是最早的同时使用力量和脑力的运动之一。故用early的最高级earliest。3答案与解析：on/upon考查固定搭配。句意：功夫的理论是以中国古典哲学为基础的。be based on/upon以为基础，故答案为on/up

50、on。4答案与解析：when考查定语从句。句意：功夫可以追溯到古代，那时人们用棍子与野生动物搏斗，他们逐渐获得了自卫的经验。此处times是先行词，设空处在定语从句中作时间状语，故答案为when。5答案与解析：gained考查动词的时态。根据空前的ancient times和used可知，此处讲述的是古代的情况，故用一般过去时，故答案为gained。6答案与解析：combining考查非谓语动词。句意：中国功夫是一个庞大的理论和实践系统，结合了自卫和养生的技巧。Chinese kung fu和combine之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故此处应用动词ing形式作状语，故答案为combining。7答

51、案与解析：usually考查副词。此处指在田径和拳击等运动中，运动员通常在30多岁时就必须退役。此处用副词修饰动词，故答案为usually。8答案与解析：to continue考查非谓语动词。句意：那是因为年轻时多年积极参加体育运动所受的伤害影响了我们在以后的生活中继续锻炼的能力。“8._ (continue) exercising in later life.”作ability的定语，故应用动词不定式。the ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”。9答案与解析：is made考查动词的时态和语态。句意：然而，在中国功夫中，“外”功夫和“内”功夫是有区别的。此处叙述客观事实，故句子用一般现在时；且句子主语a difference和make之间是被动关系，故答案为is made。10答案与解析：while考查连词。空前讲的是“外”功夫，空后讲的“内”功夫，故前后之间是转折关系，表示轻微的对比，故应填while。